Lampshade Abacus
The top plate of the capital of the column; in architecture - the crowning part of the column, which takes on the weight of the cornice.
abacus avant-garde The general name of a number of trends in the art of the twentieth century. Avant-gardism - the denial of traditional forms of art, the destruction of established aesthetic views, a penchant for expression.
Avant-garde Asian style The main features of this style are order, balance, clarity and simplicity. Interest in Feng Shui has made this style popular in recent times. Texture, neutral palette and emphasis on the concept of home as a sanctuary are all important. This style is aptly described by the phrase "less is more".
Asian Style Acanthus A southern herbaceous plant with large serrated leaves arranged in rosettes. The acanthus motif is widely used in ancient art.
Acanthus Watercolor Water-soluble paint and painting technique using the transparency effect of the paint layer.
Colloquial name for polymers based on acrylic acid derivatives and materials made from them.
Acrylic Axonometry A method of depicting objects in a drawing using parallel projections. Such an image is characterized by great clarity, because. illustrates a 3D model.
Axonometry Emphasis of the composition Main part, compositional center.
Allegory
Conditional image of an abstract concept.
diamond face
Decor elements in the form of pieces of precious stones.
A recess or niche in a wall. Alcove originally meant a sleeping room, a bed enclosed by a curtain. In a modern interior, alcoves are small side rooms into which light does not penetrate directly from the outside, but only from other rooms through glass doors or windows.
Alcove Empire The style of late classicism (1st third of the 19th century). Massive lapidary, emphatically monumental forms are characteristic; rich (often exotic) decor; reliance on the artistic heritage of imperial Rome, the use of military-imperial symbols. The style developed during the reign of Napoleon I Bonaparte.
Empire Amphora Ancient Greek vase with a narrow neck.
Painting with colored clay on ceramics.
engobe entablature Beam ceiling of the span, based on columns, and consisting of architrave, frieze and cornice. An entablature is an integral part of an architectural order.
Entablature Antiquity History and culture of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome, as well as countries and peoples.
Flooring, a shelf under the ceiling for storing various things, separated from the room by doors. The word is also used to refer to the top of the cabinet. The mezzanine is also called the upper part of the high room, divided into two half-story.
Antresol Anthropometry One of the branches of anthropology that studies the dimensional characteristics of the structure, basic movements and postures of the human body. Anthropometry establishes average values for people of different sex, age, ethnicity and geographic region. Anthropometric data are used in the design to ensure the proportionality of objects to a person, and as a result - ease of use and comfort.
Entourage
Environment, environment. That which accompanies the visual center, the main element. To some extent, the entourage can be compared to the scenery in which the main action takes place.
A series of communicating rooms, the doorways of which are on the same axis. Characteristic of baroque and classicism.
Enfilade Application A technique of arts and crafts that creates an ornament or any image by superimposing pieces of another material on the main background.
A planar or thin stucco ornament with a complex, usually symmetrical, pattern stylizing plant shoots (sometimes combined with geometric figures, inscriptions, images of people and animals). Borrowed by European art of the Middle Ages from the ornamental compositions of Islamic art.
Arabesque Arch Type of architectural structure, arcuate overlap of the opening - the space between two supports - columns, pylons.
Arch Arcatura. Arched frieze. A number of decorative arches on the facade of the building or on the walls inside.
Arcature. Arched frieze. flying buttresses In Gothic basilicas - arched bridges that transfer the expansion forces of the arches of the central vault to the buttresses; form the outer skeleton of supporting structures.
Arlequin flying buttresses Furniture with a secret, the appearance of which does not match the function.
Harlequin Reinforcing window profile Steel reinforcing element inside the PVC profile.
1920-1940 Direction, geometric style in architecture and home furniture, popular in the 20s and 30s of the 20th century. Characteristic emphatically geometric, rounded, "flowing" facades, wooden furniture with chrome handles and other details, glass table tops. Art Deco uses solid maple, ash, rosewood, madronya wood. The Deco style has a lot of sources: cubist drawings, Native American art, modern automotive and aviation design.
Art Deco Art Nouveau A style that developed in France and Europe at the end of the 19th century, with decorative flowing lines. Nature is a source of inspiration, which is why the themes of flowers, leaves, birds and insects are so characteristic of the style. Nature motifs are often fabulous and asymmetrical. This style is also characterized by images of women with long straight hair and long dresses.
Art Nouveau Archaic Ancient, peculiar to antiquity; in Greek art - the period up to the middle of the 5th century. BC e.
Archaic
Responding to antiquity, outdated.
Architectonics
Structural patterns inherent in the design of a building, sculpture.
architectural division
The general designation of columns, pilasters, cornices, profiles, arches, arcades, balusters, risalits, etc., adopted in architectural structures, which can be found in old furniture products.
Architectural
Characteristic for building art type of construction.
Carrying column in the form of a powerful male figure on furniture or buildings.
Atlant Atrius. Atrium. The central part of the ancient Roman and ancient Italian dwelling (domus), which was an internal courtyard of light, from where there were exits to all other rooms. In modern architecture, the atrium is the central, usually multi-light, distribution space of a public building, insolated through a skylight or an opening in the ceiling.
Atrium. Atrium. Attic A wall above the cornice crowning the structure. The attic is often decorated with reliefs or inscriptions.
Graphic design, like any other profession, is full of jargon and terms that you may not be familiar with. In this article, we have provided some key terms that you must know, so it will be useful for both beginners and already experienced professionals to refresh their memory.
1. Raster and vector images
Raster images are made up of thousands of pixels that define the color and shape of the image.
Photos are bitmaps. Photoshop is the most common raster editor that allows you to work with colors and other pixel options. But bitmaps are made up of a finite number of pixels, and this leads to problems when the image is resized. If you want to enlarge a bitmap, the software must process the data to add dimensions. As a result, the image loses quality.
Vector images are made up of dots, each of which represents an x and y coordinate. These dots connect paths, creating shapes that you can fill in with color. Since the image is created based on this principle, you can resize the vectors as much as you like without fear of losing quality.
Lately, Adobe Illustrator has come a long way and vector graphics have become amazingly complex - now you can add gradients, create complex shapes, and more to create detailed vector art. Since vectors can be scaled up and down as much as you want, they are very often used in the creation of logos and other graphics that will need to be placed on media of various sizes.
2. CMYK and RGB
CMYK is the standard color mode for printing - magazines, newspapers, flyers, brochures, and so on. CMYK stands for: Cyan (cyan), Magenta (magenta), Yellow (yellow), Key (black).
When working in Photoshop or Illustrator, you have the option to choose the color mode CMYK, RGB (red/red, green/green, blue/blue), or others (but the above two are the ones you need to know about).
Since CMYK has a more limited color gamut than RGB (which practically represents what the human eye sees), you may experience a lack of color when converting an image from RGB to CMYK mode.
3. DPI and PPI
Permission is another key term that is often overlooked. There are two main acronyms that are used when talking about resolution: DPI and PPI.
DPI is used when working with graphic material that will be printed. It stands for "Dots Per Inch" - "Dots Per Inch", and its value corresponds to the number of dots per inch of a printed page. In general, the more dots per inch, the better the image quality. 300DPI is the standard for printed images.
PPI stands for "Pixels Per Inch" - "Pixels per inch", and, accordingly, means the number of pixels per inch. If you zoom in on an image in Photoshop, you will increase the number of pixels per inch and lose quality as the program has to create new data.
Remember that resolution only applies to raster graphics, as vectors don't work with pixels.
Simply put, typography is the art of organizing text. This is one of the foundations of graphic design and every designer should understand typography.
The difference between good copy and great copy is what makes designers argue. Typography makes text beautiful, balanced and readable.
A grid in graphic design is a series of intersecting vertical and horizontal lines designed to organize and structure content. It doesn't matter what program you're using, the grid will help you compose and balance text and images.
Grids often consist of large spaces at the top and equally sized columns that cover all of the space below. But there are no restrictions regarding the type of grids.
6. Logo design and branding
A logo is a powerful thing; A great logo works as a constant reminder of a company or product, and for designers, logos are a competition in which they must distill the essence of the customer into a simple graphic element. The best logos can last a very long time, and a new logo design can be annoying as something familiar is replaced with something new.
Everything besides the logo is branding. While a logo is usually part of a brand, branding is all about the brand. A good identity is built from a number of elements, and the logo will reflect these elements and work independently of them.
Properly created branding allows you to better explain to consumers the purpose and essence of the company, its history and character.
Have you ever wondered what will become possible for you in marketing even with a little design knowledge? Do you want to take your social networks to the next level, increase the number of subscribers, likes and shares? Good visual content is indispensable! Fortunately, in the era of the Internet, learning new things has become available to anyone who knows how to use a search engine. To help you get started in a new field, learn these 48 design concepts and their uses. For ease of reading, we have divided the terms into groups.
Registration
How you place objects in the image will determine the perception of information by the reader. It is important to place at the target points of the design, the rest should not distract much attention.
1. Golden Ratio
The golden ratio is the ratio of two quantities when, as a result of dividing the larger by the smaller, the number 1.618 is obtained. By using the golden ratio rule, you can make your pictures easy on the eye. Set how the viewer's eyes will travel through the image - from the freer space to the saturated part.
Below is an example of how the golden ratio is used to divide space between the main body of the site and the sidebar.
2. Rule of thirds
Imagine that a grid is drawn on your image, which divides the image into 3 equal parts with its lines.
To make pictures look visually better, place objects on lines and their intersection points. The horizon is best placed on one of the guides.
Use the grid points where the guides intersect as targets for your design.
Fonts and padding
There are no mandatory rules for when to use one type of font or another. However, following a number of expert tips will make the text more readable. the main body of the text on the site is usually advised to use sans-serif fonts, but serif fonts are more suitable for headings - they catch the reader's eye.
3. Serif fonts (serif)
Serifs are like a small “swipe” or curl on letters. The most famous representative is Times New Roman. Serif fonts are best used for headings and other eye-catching elements. They grab the reader's eye.
4. Sans-serif
"Sans" means "without", respectively, "sans-serif" - a sans-serif font on letters. A typical representative is Arial.
Sans-serif fonts are better for body text. Nothing will prevent the reader from perceiving the information.
5. Serif fonts in the form of plates (slab serif)
The thing about plate serifs is that they feel more geometric and larger than traditional serifs.
An example of such a font is Museo Slab.
6. Handwritten Text Styles
Based on handwriting style. They are smoother than traditional font types. Good for logo design and overall branding.
An example of what a handwritten font text might look like.
7. Monospace font
Monospace font (also known as fixed-pitch, fixed-width, or non-proportional font) is when letters and other characters (numbers and symbolic icons) occupy the same amount of horizontal space. In other words: both the letter “g” and the letter “t” will be equal in width, as well as the number “2”. A large array of monospaced text is difficult to perceive. But it can be a good design solution for headlines on posters.
8. Hierarchy
Hierarchy in typography is a system of organization that establishes an order of importance between data, making content easier to navigate. This helps to direct the reader's eye from the beginning of the section to the end, allowing you to highlight the necessary information.
An example illustrating the importance of object hierarchy in text.
9. Kerning
Kerning is a selective change in the spacing between letters. This element defines the space between two specific letters (or other characters: numbers, punctuation, etc.). Thus, there is an adjustment of spaces, which improves the readability of the text.
10. Spacing between words
In English there is a concept of tracking. It means roughly the same as kerning. The difference is that instead of focusing on spaces between individual letters, attention is paid to spaces between a group of letters/between words. Just like kerning, the element is necessary to improve the readability of the text.
11. Space between lines
Determines what will be the space in the text between lines. Used to create space between the bottom of one line and the top of the next line for easier reading.
A large space between lines allows you to divide the text into blocks, paragraphs. A slight division makes the text unified.
12. Hanging strings
These are the lines of text that stay "alone" at the top or bottom of a paragraph. There are 2 options for hanging strings:
- Leaving word/phrase: when the last line of a paragraph contains one word or a very short line. Visually, the line looks small, out of line with the rest of the paragraph.
- Leaving Line: The last line of a paragraph that has been moved to the beginning of the next page. It is separated from the main body of the text.
At the layout stage, they try to remove hanging lines. Dislike for them is explained by aesthetic (the text loses its uniformity and its rectangular shape) and technical reasons (hanging lines reduce the readability of the text).
13. Lorem Ipsum
Lorem Ipsum is a plain text, classic pangram used in the design industry. Usually it is a meaningless text, which uses all or almost all the letters of the alphabet. Lorem Ipsum are needed to fill the page layout. At the same time, it helps to consider the text in the given parameters.
Colors
The chosen colors play an important role in the perception of the author's message. Some colors encourage action, others relax. A separate difficulty in color selection is the difference in the display of tones on displays and paper.
14.RGB
RGB is a color model in which red, green and blue are the primary colors. They are mixed in many ways to reproduce a wide range of colors. Within the framework of this color model, it is believed that mixing colors results in white. Since the RGB model is used for images on the screen of computers and other equipment, the backlight of the screen is taken into account in the colors.
15. HEX
Hex is a 6-color model used in HTML, CSS, and software application design to represent colors.
16. CMYK
CMYK is the color model used for printing. CMYK colors are initially lighter than the colors produced by blending. The more blends, the darker the resulting color.
The basis is yellow, magenta, cyan and black, the mixing of which leads to the creation of new colors. Why do you need a CMYK model? The RGB model is designed for digital screens and loses brightness when printed. A model was needed that would preserve colors when printed.
17. Pantone color model
Standardized color matching system. Each shade has its own number, which simplifies the process of finding and reproducing the desired color.
18. Warm colors
Warm colors like red, orange, yellow, or variations of these colors are friendly, joyful, cozy.
19. Cool colors
Cool colors such as blue, green, purple have a calming effect.
20. Analogs
Analog color schemes use colors that are next to each other on the color wheel. They usually look good together and create a calm and comfortable design.
21. Complimentary
Complementary colors are colors that are opposite each other on the color wheel (for example, red and green). Colors located at opposite points of the circle allow you to "play" with contrast and highlight the necessary objects.
22. Triads
This color scheme advises using colors that are spaced evenly apart on the color wheel. If you connect the colors with dots, you get an equilateral triangle. Like other ways of working with the color wheel, triads help you choose colors that harmonize with each other.
23. Color theory
There are 3 basic concepts in color theory:
- Color circles - give a hint which colors are better to use together.
- Color harmony is the consistency of colors as a result of their found proportionality of forms and volumes of use.
- The context of how colors are used, their impact on human perception.
Understanding how to use different colors to convey a message is an important part of both design and marketing. Below is a short guide on how colors affect brain perception.
24. Palette
A color palette is a set of colors that can be used for all illustrations or designs that represent your brand. The selected colors should be in harmony with each other.
25. Monochrome
The term "monochrome" is used to describe designs or photographs that are made in the same color or different shades of the same color. Reception is often used to give the image the effect of antiquity.
26. Gradient
A gradient is a gradual change in color to another color (for example, green fades to blue) or a smooth transition of a color to transparency. There are 2 types of gradient: linear and radial.
In images, a gradient can help make an object more realistic. For example, create a highlight effect.
27. Transparency/Opacity
This allows you to make some design elements transparent. The lower the opacity level, the more transparent the element appears. For example, 100% opacity means the object is normal.
More transparent objects "weigh" less. You can select other items in the image. With the help of transparency, they "play" with shades of colors.
28. Tone
Hue is a way of describing color. Any color on the color wheel is a tone. Red, blue and yellow are tones.
29. Hue
Hue is a variant of a color. Hues are created by adding white to any hue on the color wheel. Lightening and reducing the tone make the color less intense.
Saturated tones allow you to highlight the main thing. The use of shades makes objects visually softer and lighter.
Branding
The name, logo, brand symbol for a business is almost like a name for a person. A certain style of the company emphasizes its uniqueness and distinguishes it from others.
30. Logo
Logo - the name of the company, which is made in a unique design for business use. Any company needs to make out a name in the form of a logo so that the buyer can easily and quickly identify products.
31. Brand symbol
Typically, a brand symbol does not contain a company name. The company uses a symbol or icon to represent itself. Just like a logo, it allows you to identify products.
32. Icon
Icons are pictures that are used to represent an object or action. For example, a picture of a pen can represent the process of writing something, or simply the pen itself as an object.
Icons can be used to create a brand name. They don't have to be related to what your company does, but they should convey the feeling you want to convey to the client.
Icons can help save space when creating a company website. Instead of bulky words or texts, it is enough to place one image. However, when using iconic images, think carefully about what exactly you want to present and how it is understandable to your audience.
33. Style guides
Style guides are a set of design standards for everything related to your brand, whether it's a landing page, or business cards, or just printed documents. The reason for creating a style guide is to ensure complete consistency wherever the brand name appears.
Design work
It is important to consider how each design detail works. Bright accompanying details can interfere with the perception of the main information. In a hodgepodge of elements, the client will not see your super offer, a bright background will divert attention from the useful text. Aesthetically well-designed space will allow you not to lose leads and get new customers.
34. Grid
Needed to evenly separate columns and rows. Grid points help designers position elements appropriately. The grid allows you to evenly distribute objects on the layout.
35. Scale
In design, scale is the ratio of the size of one object to the size of another. Two elements of the same size may look the same, but elements of markedly different sizes will look different.
When placing any design elements side by side, think about how scale can be used to help illustrate meanings within the whole picture. For example, a large circle will look more influential and important than a smaller one.
36. Aspect Ratio
This refers to the ratio of the width to the height of a shape, most often a rectangle (since most screens have a width greater than the height). It is written as a mathematical ratio using two numbers separated by a colon (width:height).
37. Texture
Texture is a certain kind of "surface" of an image. You can make the object in the picture look like it was made of brick or fabric. The texture gives the image volume and realism, makes the picture “tasty” and selling.
38. Symmetrical layout of objects
This is the layout of things in the picture so that they are at an angle of 90 or 180 degrees to each other. In other words: objects lie parallel or perpendicular to each other.
This technique is often used by fashion publications. It allows the author to show many objects at once without creating visual overload. Competently and neatly laid out objects make the photo stylish and attract the attention of the audience with their aesthetics.
39. White space
White space, also known as negative space, is the area of a design decision that remains empty. The space between graphics, images, and everything else on the page. Although it is commonly referred to as white space, it can actually be any color.
A good example of white space is the Google homepage. Everything is practically white so that users can concentrate on the search bar.
40. Resolution
The resolution of an image determines its quality. Generally, the higher the resolution, the higher the quality. In high resolution, the image will be clear and crisp. In low - the picture will be blurry, fuzzy.
41. Contrast
Contrast occurs when 2 elements on a page look different. It can be different colors for text and background, or dark and light tones of pictures. One of the main reasons for using contrast in design is to draw attention.
42. Saturation
Saturation refers to the intensity and purity of a color. The more saturated the color, the brighter it appears. Desaturated colors appear pale.
The high saturation of any elements in the image makes them stand out, they can attract more attention and visually carry more weight than the rest of the details. If you want to add text to an image, it's best to use a lightly saturated background.
43. Blur
Blur makes the picture unclear, blurry. It's a great idea to use the blur effect when you're going to overlay a text layer on an image. The text and some details of the picture can form a competitive relationship with each other, blur eliminates this situation and makes the text more readable.
44. Crop
When you crop an image, you discard the unwanted part of the image. Crop lets you change the emphasis or direction of an image.
45. Realistic object rendering
When a digital item looks like an exact copy of a physical item. For example, bookshelves in reading apps look and act like objects in real life should.
This kind of design was popular in the early 2010s and is still used today on some sites. When can realistic rendering be useful? For example, you post examples of your products on the site. A potential client will be able to evaluate the appearance, it will be easier for him to make a purchase decision. Using realistic rendering of buttons on the site will make it easier for visitors to find "clickable" elements.
46. Flat design
A minimalist approach that focuses on simplicity and practicality. As a rule, such a design is characterized by the presence of a large free space in the picture, clear contours, bright colors and two-dimensional illustrations.
Flat (or flat) design is quite popular. It gives the image a feeling of lightness and trendiness. Suitable for attracting a young audience. However, there is a significant disadvantage in using flat design on websites - it is not always obvious which objects are clickable and which are not.
47. Raster
Raster images are made up of a grid of pixels. When the image is resized, it may become blurry. Chances are most of the pictures you've ever seen were raster.
48. Vector
Vector images are made up of pixels, lines, and curves. This means that the image can be scaled without loss of quality. Unlike raster images, vector images are not blurry when scaled.
It is best to make logos and various brand signs in the form of a vector image. Then you won't have to redraw them each time when preparing a layout of a new size.
The material was prepared on the basis of text taken from the siteblog.bufferapp.com
Any professional who does his job long enough acquires a specific jargon that he uses easily and without thinking, and people unfamiliar with these terms are surprised and do not understand what is being said. Not understanding, they try not to show it and nod their heads, saying “yes, yes, we are aware.” Therefore, I want to explain through this article a few fairly widely used terms that are useful for people who are not related to interior design to learn.
Paint according to the color
This cryptic phrase means nothing more than the German industrial color standard RAL. Since the colors are standardized and have individual numbers, the same color will look the same for different manufacturers of furniture and finishing materials, adjusted for how the paint lays on different surfaces. Colors are selected according to special type-setting samples.
Capitone
I have been dealing with Italian furniture for about 10 years and I often use this word in conversation with clients. Sometimes this leads to a “freeze” of the client, just like a computer. Capitone is a familiar diamond-shaped furniture upholstery with buttons.
Previously, such upholstery was used in the manufacture of carriages, now headboards, sofas, armchairs, and ottomans are upholstered this way. By the way, some people, when they meet the description: “The head of the bed is capito”, they think that this is the type of headboard. In fact, this is a type of upholstery and a typical example of it is the Chester (Chesterfield) sofa.
eco-leather
One of the widely used deception words. Who wants to buy leatherette or leatherette furniture? It's just like a natural fragrance. And eco-leather - it sounds eco-friendly and modern!
Skinali
A word that some time ago led me to the state of a “frozen computer”. It turned out that everything is very simple: it's just a glass kitchen apron.
MDF (finely dispersed fraction)
Denotes fine wood flour that has been mixed with an adhesive base (usually lignin of natural origin) and given some form - a flat cabinet door or a figured baroque scroll on the facade of this cabinet.
MDF is often confused with chipboard (chipboard), which was widely used in furniture production in the USSR. The main difference between furniture made of MDF and furniture made of chipboard is that in MDF, the hinges on the doors do not fall off after a couple of years of operation.
solid wood
Many people think when they hear this term that they understand what it is about. In fact, everything is not so simple. When the seller of furniture or interior doors tells you: “this is from an array” or, alternatively, “this is a natural tree”, two different cases are meant. The first one (an array) suggests a piece of wood that has been sawn, cut, and painted.
And there is another option, similar to multilayer plywood. This is also called "array" and "natural wood" by sellers.
And, believe my furniture experience, the second option is preferable in operation. It does not crack and does not "lead". You don't have to worry about fluctuations in temperature and humidity.
Glued solid wood variant - blockboard
Filenka
A thin board or plywood inserted into a frame. Most interior doors are made from a frame and a variety of panels.
Murano glass
A term that many have heard and know that Murano glass is glass made on the island of Murano near Venice. It is also called "Venetian glass". You may ask: “Everyone knows this already. Why explain it?" Recently, while completing a design project, I looked through the catalog of a very well-known Chinese factory, I will not name it, which produces chandeliers and various lamps. In their catalog it was written: “Murano glass chandelier. China". This is the same as "Moscow cognac" or "Russian parmesan". Do you understand what I mean?
pattern
Some pattern, system, ornament. I will not paint in detail, since there is a whole separate article on this topic " ".
The Glossary of Design Terms has been created to introduce beginners to the meanings of some basic concepts that are often used in the field of design.
A
Alignment(alignment) - the location of objects relative to other objects. For example, left, right, center, etc.
B
back end(backend) - on the web, this is the part of the site that is hidden from the eyes of the average user and runs on the server side. Applicable to CMS (see below), the backend is the administrative part of the system.
Baseline(baseline) - the term is used in relation to typography - this is an imaginary line on which all the letters in a line stand.
Below the Fold(off-screen) - The term comes from the newspaper industry and refers to a piece of site content that does not fit within the visible part of the site or application screen. That is, to view this content, the user will have to scroll (scroll) the page down.
Bezier Curve(Bezier curves) are parametric curves that represent a vector path in computer graphics. They are often created with the Pen Tool by connecting points that allow you to change the shape and direction of the curves.
C
CMS(tsms, kms, content management system) - a tool that allows you to manage the site. Typically, in a CMS, content is separated from the design and functionality of the site, which makes it easy to change the design and functionality without affecting the content. Makes it easy to create websites for people who are not related to design and development.
CMYK(smuk, smuk, tsmik, tsmuk, smik) is a subtractive color scheme that is used mainly in printing. CMYK uses four colors - Cyan (cyan), Magenta (magenta), Yellow (yellow) and blacK (black) to form the color. Each of the numbers used to represent a color in CMYK represents the percentage of that color's ink that makes up the color combination.
css(Cascading Style Sheets) is a formal language that is used to describe the appearance of web pages written using the HTML and XHTML markup languages. CSS is used to set colors, fonts, and positioning of individual blocks on web pages.
D
DPI, PPI- the number of dots (pixels for PPI) that fit on one inch of the screen.
F
favicon- these are small (usually 16x16 pixels, less often 32x32 pixels) icons that are displayed on the site tab in the browser near the site name.
font weight– determines the saturation (thickness) of characters in the text.
front end(frontend) - part of the site, executed on the user's side. On the web, HTML layout, CSS and JavaScript styles act as front-ends. Applicable to CMS, frontend is the front part of the site that the user sees.
G
Grid(grid) - a set of vertical and horizontal lines that form a system for arranging objects.
H
HSB– three-channel scheme of color formation. The name comes from the first letters of the English words: Hue (hue), Saturation (saturation), Brightness (brightness).
K
Kerning(kerning) - the distance between certain pairs of characters: LA, Tr, Ta, Ty, Wa, WA, Wo, Ya and others.
L
Landing page(landing page, landing page) is a web page assembled in a certain way, the main task of which is to collect contact information of the audience or sell a product.
Layers(layers) - used in Photoshop to compose an image. Layers resemble a stack of transparent sheets, through the transparent areas of the overlying layers, you can see the contents of the lower layers.
M
margin(margin) – margin from the element.
Mockups(mockups) - ready-made page design.
MVP- a product that contains a minimum set of functions necessary for functioning. Creating an MVP allows you to assess how interesting the product is to people, and whether it is worth developing it in the future.
N
Navigation(navigation, menu) is a system of links that allows the user to navigate through the site or application.
negative space(white space, white space, milk) - the part of the page that does not contain text or images.
P
Padding(padding, padding) - the inner padding of the element.
pen tool(pen tool) is a tool that is used to create Bezier curves in vector graphics.
photoshop is Adobe's graphics editor available on Windows and Mac OS X. It contains wide functionality for working with raster graphics and basic functionality for working with vector graphics. For lack of competition, it was previously widely used by designers to create interface design.
Pixel(pixel) - the smallest element of the image (like a molecule in a molecule). Has a square shape.
plug-ins(plug-ins) are applications written by third-party developers to extend the basic functionality of the program.
R
Raster, Bitmap(bitmaps) – an image representing a grid of pixels on the device screen. This graphics is edited using raster graphics editors. When the image data is resized, the image quality is significantly reduced.
Resolution(resolution, resolution) - indicates the number of pixels displayed on the screen (for example, 1280x1024).
Responsive(adaptive) design is a type of site (application) design that allows you to display the site (application) equally correctly on devices with any screen size.
RGB- additive scheme of color formation. The desired color is obtained by mixing the light emissions of the three primary colors - red, green and blue (Red, Green, Blue). Mixing 100% of primary colors produces white.
S
Sketch(application) is Bohemian Coding's application for creating vector graphics. It was created as an alternative to Photoshop for interface designers. Only available on Mac OS X. Supports many third-party plugins that make life a lot easier for a designer. It is very warmly received among designers, as it does not contain anything superfluous and is aimed specifically at creating interface design (unlike Photoshop).
Sketches(sketch) - quick sketches of the future design, devoid of details.
Sketchpad(album) - an album for sketching sketches. They may have schematically applied images of various devices to create more visual sketches.
Specification(terms of reference) - a detailed or not very detailed description of the goals, functionality, structure and appearance of the site (application) being developed. This document greatly simplifies the life of designers.
T
tracking(tracking) - evenly change the distance between letters (all, unlike kerning).
U
UI design(user interface) is a concept that includes a certain set of graphically designed elements. In essence, the UI is responsible for how the site (application) looks.
Usability(usability) is how easy it is for users to use your site (application) to achieve certain goals.
User Personas(persons) are fictional characters that have a set of qualities that are characteristic of the target audience of your site (application). Personas are used to identify user goals, user motivation, and pain points. Personas should always be based on the results of audience research.
UX design(user experience) - a concept that includes how the product functions and what emotions it evokes and users.
V
Vector(vector) images - a way of representing an image in computer graphics, based on the mathematical description of basic geometric shapes (points, lines, circles, polygons, Bezier curves). The main difference from bitmaps is that resizing does not change the quality of the image.
W
Wireframes(wireframes) is a schematic representation of the main blocks of the future site (application). Usually created in order to understand how best to place objects to achieve the user's goal. Often made in black and white so as not to distract attention from the functionality.
Didn't find the meaning of the term you need?
We have been working in design for many years and could not explain all the terms unfamiliar to you. Many words seem quite understandable to us, due to their constant use.
Therefore, if you are interested in the meaning of any word not described in the dictionary, ask in the comments! We are happy to add this word to the dictionary.
