Lesson topic: Polite words. Request.
The purpose of the lesson: teach how to correctly write a request.
Tasks:
Educational: teach to use various means of expressing politeness; introduce etiquette expressions of request; teach how to choose the appropriate means of expressing a request for a given situation; use intonation as a means of politely making requests.
Educational: develop children's speech, thinking, vocabulary.
Educational: cultivate a culture of communication.
Equipment: presentation “Politeness from an early age” (Annex 1) , multimedia equipment, recording of fairy tales by A.S. Pushkin, recording of the cartoon “The Return of the Prodigal Parrot”, “The Lion Cub and the Turtle”, the story by V. Oseeva “The Magic Word” (Appendix 2) , task cards, dictionary of polite words.
During the classes
I. Organizational moment
Hello guys! I'm glad to meet you. Let's greet each other with smiles.
Thank you, sit down.
Guys, do you think we have an ordinary lesson? (No.) And why?
You are right, today we have not an ordinary lesson, but a travel lesson. Raise your hand, those who love to travel. Why? ( You will learn something new and interesting.)
We will set this goal too. Today in class we will learn a lot of new things and go on a trip to a film studio called “Politeness from an early age.” ( Appendix 1, Slide 1)
II. Updating basic knowledge. Statement of educational problem
What does it mean to be polite? (Know the rules.)
There is a dictionary called an explanatory one. This dictionary explains the meanings of words.
In the explanatory dictionary of Sergei Ivanovich Ozhegov about a polite person it is said this way: “Polite - observing the rules of decency, well-mannered.” (Appendix 1, Slide 2)
Where should the rules of decency be observed?
Politeness is one of the most important qualities of a well-mannered person. Earlier the word “vezha” meant “expert” - one who knows the rules of decency and forms of expressing good attitude towards people. (Appendix 1, Slide 2)
In everyday life of a polite person there are always words that we call “magic”. With the help of these words, you can even restore a good mood to a sad or offended person.
III. Speech warm-up
Please look, is there something written on the door here? (Appendix 1, Slide 3)
Read with different intonation. (Appendix 1, Slide 3)
Please, don't slide down the railing!
You can get caught in the teeth of crocodiles!
They lurked on every platform
And everyone who moves out is grabbed by the heels.
And they are dragged to the bottom of the African Nile.
Please, don't slide down the railing!
IV. Communicating the topic and purpose of the lesson
Guys, this is a mystery sign. The theme of our travel lesson is hidden in it. Please tell me what they are asking us for? What do you think our trip to the film studio will be about? (Polite words.)
Right. The topic of our lesson: Polite words. Request. (Appendix 1, Slide 4)
Today we have to answer the questions:
- What is a request?
- How to ask correctly and what “magic” words should you use?
- What is the difference between a request and an order?
(Appendix 1, Slide 4)
V. Learning new material
What is a request? Talk in pairs.
While the guys are thinking, look (child looks in the dictionary), what definition is given in the explanatory dictionary.
So what is a request? (When one person asks another in a polite manner.)
Read it. (Appendix 1, Slide 5) A request is an appeal to someone, urging them to do something.
Find the main keywords in this definition. (Appeal, calling.) (Appendix 1, Slide 5)
We are invited to listen to recordings made in the studio and determine which character’s speech contains a request. (Recording sounds.)
Did you find out what work this recording is from?
We continue our journey through the film studio.
I have two assistants. Now they will present you with a short scene.
Scene
Chair. Two children. One wordlessly asks the other to give way.
And you need to determine what they will do.
What they were doing? (They asked for something.)
How was this request expressed? (Using hands.)
What is the movement of the arms and body called? (Gesture.)
(Appendix 1, Slide 6)
What was missing from the scene? (Words.)
A children's film based on Valentina Oseeva's story “The Magic Word” is being filmed at the film studio. (Appendix 2). Actors, please take your seats. Characters: for the old man - .., Pavlik - .., sister Lena - .., grandmother - .., author - ... ( Dramatizing an excerpt from a story.)
Guys, you need to listen carefully and say what word we are talking about.
Guys, what word did the old man say to Pavlik? (Please.) Right.
Continued dramatization of the excerpt.
Why did the boy want to return to the old man?
Also, why is this word called “magical”? (Changes the mood, changes the attitude of other people.)
But there are other words that you need to remember and use in your speech. (Appendix 1, Slide 7)
Let's read them in the Dictionary of Polite Words.
Read the words of the first column, ... read the words of the second column.
Let's make sentences-requests with these phrases. (Appendix 1, Slide 7) What expressions do you remember?
To fulfill the request (Appendix 1, Slide 8) What should you use in your speech? (Polite words.)
How to pronounce polite words ? (In a quiet voice, looking straight into the eyes of the person you are talking to.) (Appendix 1, Slide 8)
Guys, do you think that after these words you want to fulfill the request? (Appendix 1, Slide 8)
PHYSMINUTE
Now we will learn to competently express a request. (Appendix 1, Slide 9)
1. Appeal.
2. Please help.
3. Gratitude.
The request should be made in this sequence.
Where do we start? If this is your peer, then we will address him by name. And if an adult - by name and patronymic.
Today we are very lucky: at the film studio “Politeness from an early age” they offer us to be screenwriters and write our own script.
Stories are written on the cards that lie on your tables.
Task No. 1. Read it. Please make a request using the “Dictionary of Polite Words” and a plan.
1 situation. You got sick and didn't come to school. I need to know my homework for the next lesson.
Situation 2. Drawing lesson.
1st story. You got sick and didn't come to school. You need to find out your homework. Those who don't like to think for a long time can choose it.
2nd plot. Drawing lesson. For those guys who love to fantasize.
Raise your hand if you have already decided on the plot. Listen carefully to the task: you need to make a request using the “Dictionary of Polite Words” that you have on your desks and a plan.
Who's ready? Please. Who chose a different situation? Thank you. I hope the others also made competent requests.
The journey through the film studio continues. Read an excerpt from Alexei Tolstoy’s fairy tale “The Golden Key, or the Adventures of Pinocchio.” And determine whether Malvina used the request when talking with Buratino.
Task No. 2. Read an excerpt from Alexei Tolstoy’s book “The Golden Key, or the Adventures of Buratino” and determine whether Malvina used the request when addressing Buratino.
Then the girl told him sternly: Pull your leg out from under you and lower it under the table. Don't eat with your hands; that's what spoons and forks are for.
So what did Malvina use when addressing Pinocchio? (Order.) What did she do? (Ordered.) (Appendix 1, Slide 10)
What words did she use? Emphasize them.
Why does Malvina address Pinocchio as “you” if they are the same age?
- Please define the difference between an order and a request? (Appendix 1, Slide 11)
There are magic words in a request, but in an order? (No.)
A request is fulfilled at will, but an order? (Required.)
Now let’s return to the excerpt from the fairy tale “The Golden Key, or the Adventures of Pinocchio.” How did you have to tell Malvina to make Pinocchio want to do everything?
Correct Malvina's words.
VI. Consolidation
At the film studio “Politeness from an early age” they offer to be critics. Who are the critics? ( Who criticizes the work.)
Critics are people who evaluate works (Movies, books.)
You need to evaluate the work and say what is a request and what is an order. (Appendix 1, Slides 12, 13)
(Recording cartoons.)
VII. Lesson summary
So our lesson-journey has come to an end.
Let's see if we answered all the questions? (Appendix 1, Slide 14)
Dear guys, I’m sure everything you learned today will definitely help you in life. In various life situations, you will be able to show yourself as a polite person, with whom it is pleasant to communicate and pleasant to give him joy.
This request of mine will be for children whom I have already gotten to know a little. I ask you to be polite not only in words, but also in deeds.
And as a souvenir, I want to give you “Dictionaries of polite words” that will serve as a hint for you.
Goals and objectives
— teach children polite requests and polite refusals.
Preliminary work
Staging of L. Kvitko’s poem “Anna-Vanna - Brigadier”.
Class progress
Teacher's opening speech
Teacher. Very often you are approached with various requests. Some requests you can fulfill with pleasure, while others you cannot fulfill. How can you correctly refuse and ask correctly if you need help? This is what we will learn in today's lesson.
Discussion of the poem by J. Brzechwa from the collection “Ant”
They said to the ox:
- Dear ox!
Please take me
- Well, here's another one,
There was a hunt!
Any
Issues for discussion:
- How did you ask the ox? (Politely)
“Did the ox politely refuse?”
- What can you say about the ox? (The ox is rude, uncultured, ignorant.)
Teacher. Imagine that you and I came to the pigsty to look at the piglets. But the owner of the piglets does not allow us to do this.
Dramatization of L. Kvitko’s poem “Anna-Vanna - Brigadier”
- Anna-Vanna, our squad
Wants to see piglets!
We will not offend them:
Let's take a look and go out.
- Leave the yard
Better not ask!
It's time to bathe the piglets
Come tomorrow.
- Anna-Vanna, our squad
Wants to see piglets
And touch the backs -
Are there a lot of bristles?
- Leave the yard
Better not ask!
It's time to feed the piglets
Come tomorrow.
- Anna-Vanna, our squad
Wants to see piglets.
Stigmas - with snouts?
Are the tails crocheted?
- Leave the yard
Better not ask!
It's time for the piglets to sleep,
Then come back.
- Anna-Vanna, our squad
Wants to see piglets!
- Leave the yard
Wait until the morning
We have already lit the lanterns -
The piglets went to bed.
Teacher. Can we say that the guys politely asked the foreman, and the foreman answered politely?
Practical work “How to ask politely?”
Teacher. Let's work in pairs and remember all the words that can be used in polite requests.
1. Be kind!
2. Please, dear!
3. Please!
4. Be kind!
Why do we sometimes get rejected? (Children's answers.)
Reading and discussion of the story “Bad Candy” by V. Korzhits
One day, when Merike and her dad were going to the store, a piece of candy fell out of his pocket. Merike bent down, picked up the candy and squeezed it in her fist. Nobody except dad noticed this. When they walked away from the store, Merike asked:
- Do you want me to give you half?
Dad said nothing. Then he said:
- Thank you, I don’t want to. I don't like this candy.
- Why? - Merike was wary.
“Well, it’s just not to my taste...” Dad shrugged.
- Because this candy is from that guy?
“Probably,” Dad agreed. Merike clutched the candy tighter in her hand and said:
- This guy probably has a whole bag of sweets.
“Maybe he was,” Dad agreed. - Or maybe it wasn’t.
After these daddy’s words, Merika no longer liked the candy.
“You know, dad,” she said. “I’d rather give this candy to Arthur.”
- Why Arthur? - Dad was surprised.
- Because Arthur is still small and doesn’t understand that no one likes this candy.
Dad didn't say anything. I just sighed.
Teacher. Why did the pope refuse Merike's proposal?
Training “Learning to refuse politely”
The training takes place in pairs. First, one member of the couple asks for something else, and the other must be able to politely refuse. Then the participants change roles.
Discussion of G. Glushnev’s poem “The Neighbor’s Puppy”
They tied a puppy to a chain,
Cold chain is short...
Within a year
Come to him -
It will tear it apart.
And now he
Cries quietly
Sad ponytail
He hides it under his paws.
It's worth it to me
Come closer -
Hastily licks my hand:
"Let me go,
Let go."
I avert my eyes:
You are not mine.
Understand,
Sad, I'm going home.
If I were a giant,
Then I would break all the chains! —
Issues for discussion:
— What feelings does the boy have for the puppy?
- Why can’t the boy fulfill the dog’s request?
— How can a boy help a puppy?
Summarizing
Conclusion. Sometimes you really want to fulfill a request, but you are unable to do it. But if you can fulfill the request and it doesn’t bother you, then be sure to help others. And then, when you turn to your comrades with a request, they will also help you.
Description of work: the lesson contains exercises in the use of polite words, small dramatizations illustrating the importance of “magic words”, children are asked to analyze situations and figure out how to act politely; children learn and systematize knowledge about the difference between a request and an order.
Type of lesson: combined.
Class technology:
Educational goal:
Developmental goal:
Educational goal:
Formation of UUD:
Personal UUD:
Regulatory UUD:
Cognitive UUD:
Communication UUD:
Equipment: computer, projector, presentation (the content of the slides is indicated during the lesson)
Download:
Preview:
To the expert commission of the municipal stage of the All-Russian competition “Teacher of the Year in Russia-2015”, nomination “Pedagogical Debut”
Lesson notes
for extracurricular activities
spiritual and moral direction
"Polite words. Request"
Activity developer
Primary school teacher
MBOU Secondary School No. 3, Essentuki
Bykova Ekaterina Igorevna
Summary of a lesson on extracurricular activities on the topic: "Polite words. Request"
Description of work:the lesson contains exercises in the use of polite words, small dramatizations illustrating the importance of “magic words”, children are asked to analyze situations and figure out how to act politely; children learn and systematize knowledge about the difference between a request and an order.
Type of lesson: combined.
Class technology:gaming, collective interaction.
Educational goal:teach to use various means of expressing politeness; introduce etiquette expressions of request; teach how to choose the appropriate means of expressing a request for a given situation; use intonation as a means of politely making requests.
Developmental goal:develop children's speech, thinking, vocabulary.
Educational goal:cultivate a culture of communication, a culture of behavior in society, uniting the children's team, and create a sense of camaraderie.
Formation of UUD:
Personal UUD:
1) formation of readiness and ability of students for self-development
2) formation of motivation for learning and cognition
3) the formation of a holistic, socially oriented view of the world in its organic unity and diversity of nature
4) formation of a respectful attitude towards other opinions
Regulatory UUD:
1) mastering the ability to accept and maintain the goals and objectives of educational activities, searching for means of its implementation
2) mastering ways to solve problems of a creative and exploratory nature
3) developing the ability to understand the reasons for the success/failure of educational activities and the ability to act constructively even in situations of failure
4) mastering the initial forms of cognitive and personal reflection
5) mastery of basic information about the essence and characteristics of objects, processes and phenomena of reality
Cognitive UUD:
1) awareness of the integrity of the surrounding world, the elementary rules of moral behavior in the world and people.
2) formation of the ability to adequately, consciously and voluntarily construct a speech utterance in oral speech
3) establishing cause-and-effect relationships, constructing a logical chain of reasoning, proof
Communication UUD:
1) developing the ability to construct a speech utterance in accordance with communication tasks and compose texts orally
2) developing the ability to use speech and means to solve communicative and cognitive problems
3) developing the ability to listen and engage in dialogue.
Equipment: computer, projector, presentation (the content of the slides is indicated during the lesson)
Progress of the lesson
Teacher: Guys, today the cat Leopold came to our lesson. Leopold the cat wants to tell you about a very important quality of any well-mannered person. Compare two situations:
1) Denis said:
- Nikita, give me a pencil, and quickly.
2) Sasha asked:
- Nikita, please give me a pencil, otherwise mine is broken.
Teacher: Tell me, how are these requests different?(the first one is impolite, and the second one is polite)
Who do you think Nikita will give the pencil to? Why? Raise your hand if you have already guessed what Leopold the cat will tell you about.
Teacher: Today you will learn about polite words and how to make a request correctly. Guys, what does polite mean?
Polite - observing the rules of decency, well-mannered
Teacher: Where should the rules of decency be observed?(everywhere) Politeness is one of the most important qualities of a well-mannered person. Previously, the word “vezha” meant “expert” - one who knows the rules of decency and forms of expressing good attitude towards people.
Teacher: Guys, think about how you can be polite?(gestures, facial expressions, polite words)What polite words do you know? To better remember polite words, we will play the game “Say the Word.” Whoever knows the answer raises his hand.
Having met a bunny, the hedgehog is a neighbor
Tells him: “...” (Hello!)
And his neighbor is big-eared
Answers: “Hedgehog, …” (Hello!)
Octopussy Flounder
On Monday I swam
And on Tuesday goodbye
She said to her: “…” (Goodbye!)
Clumsy dog Kostya
The mouse stepped on its tail.
They would quarrel
But he said “…” (Sorry!)
Wagtail from the shore
Dropped a worm
And fish for a treat
She gurgled: “…” (Thank you!)
Sang wonderfully among the branches
Vocal nightingale,
And to him throughout the oak grove
The sparrows shouted: "..." (Bravo!)
Fat cow Lula
She was eating hay and sneezed.
So as not to sneeze again,
We will tell her: “…” (Be healthy!)
Teacher: Well done! Guys call polite words magic. Why are they called that? With the help of magic words, you can even restore a good mood to a sad or offended person. Polite words have a “magical” effect on a person. Listen to Valentina Oseeva’s story “The Magic Word” and get ready to answer questions.
Valentina Oseeva "The Magic Word"
A little old man with a long gray beard was sitting on a bench and drawing something in the sand with an umbrella.
“Move over,” Pavlik told him and sat down on the edge.
Lena opened her eyes wide. Her fingers unclenched, and, taking her hand off the table, she muttered embarrassedly:
- Which one do you want?
“I’ll have the blue one,” Pavlik said timidly.
He took the paint, held it in his hands, walked around the room with it and gave it to his sister. He didn't need paint. He was now thinking only about the magic word.
“I’ll go to my grandmother. She's just cooking. Will he drive away or not?
Pavlik opened the door to the kitchen. The old woman was removing hot pies from the baking sheet.
The grandson ran up to her, turned her red, wrinkled face with both hands, looked into her eyes and whispered:
– Give me a piece of pie... please.
Grandma straightened up. The magic word shone in every wrinkle, in the eyes, in the smile.
- I wanted something hot... something hot, my darling! – she said, choosing the best, rosy pie.
Pavlik jumped for joy and kissed her on both cheeks.
"Wizard! Wizard!" - he repeated to himself, remembering the old man.
At dinner, Pavlik sat quietly and listened to his brother’s every word. When his brother said that he would go boating, Pavlik put his hand on his shoulder and quietly asked:
- Take me, please.
Everyone at the table immediately fell silent. The brother raised his eyebrows and grinned.
“Take it,” the sister suddenly said. - What is it worth to you!
- Well, why not take it? - Grandma smiled. - Of course, take it.
“Please,” Pavlik repeated.
The brother laughed loudly, patted the boy on the shoulder, ruffled his hair:
- Oh, you traveler! Okay, get ready!
“It helped! It helped again!”
Pavlik jumped out from the table and ran into the street. But the old man was no longer in the park. The bench was empty, and only incomprehensible signs drawn by an umbrella remained on the sand.
Teacher: Why did Pavlik want to run away from home?
Why was he upset?
What magic word did the old man say to Pavlik?
How should you say the magic word? (looking straight into the eyes, in a quiet voice)
How did the magic word help Pavlik?
Why did Pavlik want to return to the old man?
Teacher: The word turned out to be truly magical. Guys, raise your hands if you have already had to ask for something. What is a request?
A request is a polite address to someone, urging them to do something.
Teacher: Guys, how can I express my request?(gestures, facial expressions, words)Now two of you will show a skit, and you will need to voice it.(before class, the teacher warns two children)
Scene: There is a chair on which one of the students is sitting. One wordlessly asks the other to give way.
Teacher: How was the request expressed? How to express it with words? Now two of you will show this scene, only with words.
Teacher: And now two more will show both with words and gestures.
Teacher: Guys, Leopold the cat has prepared “Dictionaries of Polite Words” for you.(Annex 1) The attendants distribute one dictionary to each person. Read the polite words to yourself. Reading aloud the words of the first column. Reading aloud the words of the second column.
Teacher: What words have you never used in your speech before? Let's make sentences-requests with these phrases. Let's create a phrase with the first word, the second, etc. based on a dictionary of polite words.
Teacher: Guys, do you think that after these words you want to fulfill the request? Now we will learn to correctly express a request. And the plan will help us with this.
Plan:
1. Appeal.
2. Please help.
3. Gratitude.
Teacher: The request should be made in this sequence. Where do we start? If this is your peer, then we will address him by name. And if an adult - by name and patronymic. Next is the request itself. What must be included in a request?(Magic word)And when they answer us with consent, we must thank the person.
Teacher: Now everyone will choose who he will turn to with a request, say it to himself, and then voice it. Whoever is ready will raise his hand. You have 1 minute.
Teacher: Well done. Now listen to the excerpt and determine which fairy tale it is from.
Then the girl told him sternly:
-Pull your leg out from under you and lower it under the table. Don't eat with your hands; that's what spoons and forks are for.
Teacher: What fairy tale is this excerpt from? This is an excerpt from Alexei Tolstoy’s fairy tale “The Golden Key, or the Adventures of Pinocchio.” Determine whether Malvina used the request when talking with Buratino. So what did Malvina use when addressing Pinocchio?(order) What words did she use? What is the difference between an order and a request?
The slide displays the differences between a request and an order.
Teacher: Read how an order and a request are constructed silently. There are magic words in a request, but in an order?(No)
A request is made in a quiet voice, looking straight into the eyes, but an order?(Strict, commanding intonation.)
A request is fulfilled at will, but an order?(Required.)
Teacher: Now let’s return to the excerpt from the fairy tale “The Golden Key, or the Adventures of Pinocchio.” How did you have to tell Malvina to make Pinocchio want to do everything? Correct Malvina's words.
Teacher: Now let's act out a scene. In the skit, Malvina will use a request, not an order, and Pinocchio will fulfill Malvina’s request.
Teacher: An excerpt from the cartoon “The Return of the Prodigal Parrot” will help us see the difference between a request and an order.
Teacher: Who gave the order? Who is the request?
Teacher: Politeness manifests itself not only in words, but also in deeds. Listen to several situations and determine who acts politely and who does not.
Situation 1. The boy shouted to a passerby: “What time is it?”
Questions: Will the passerby answer the boy? Correct the situation so that it makes a polite request.
Situation 2. Two boys collided at the door. They just can't separate.
Questions: Which of them should give way if one is 8 years old and the other is 11 years old?
Situation 3. The teacher asked a question to the class. Anya knows the answer and, as befits a student, raised her hand to answer. And Styopa shouted out the answer, not allowing the other guys to answer.
Questions: Who was rude? What should Styopa have done?
Situation 4. During recess, the teacher was talking with a teacher from a parallel class. But Olya urgently needed to ask something, and she interrupted the conversation.
Questions: Who was rude? What should Ole have done?
Situation 5. Petya came to Katya’s birthday party. Petya prepared words for congratulations, but Katya immediately snatched the gift from Petya’s hands from the threshold and began to remove the wrapper, without yet inviting the guest into the house.
Questions: Who was rude? What should Katya have done?
Teacher: Our lesson has come to an end.
1. What did Leopold the cat introduce you to today?
2. How to write a request correctly?
3. Name polite words.
Annex 1
Dictionary of polite words
Please... Could you...
Be a friend... Don't take it for granted...
Please... If it's not difficult for you...
Be kind... Be so kind...
Do me a favor... Not for service, but for friendship...
If you stop the average Muscovite today and ask him how to get to N Street, he will say briefly: “Go straight, then left,” and sometimes he will point with his hand: “That way,” and then immediately leave. Try asking the same question in a similar situation in New York and you'll likely get an answer in at least a few sentences. After answering, the person usually pauses for a few moments in case you are still unclear. After such a response, any American pedestrian will certainly say: Thank you or Thank you very much.
In English, the “magic” words in requests and appeals are please orthank you. They are absolutely necessary for any request addressed to a close relative, friend, boss, colleague, subordinate or waiter.
These words are found in English speech much more often than in Russian, where there is a subjunctive mood with negation and other ways of expressing a polite request. But in English, these grammatical forms are much less common or not used at all, and so Americans and Russians unwittingly find themselves in a laughing room.
Americans, speaking Russian, often seem strange and prone to sarcasm to native speakers of this language: every now and then, inappropriately and inappropriately, they use “paazhaala-asta” instead of saying “be kind”, “be kind”, use a question with a negation “would you be able”, or limit yourself to rising intonation. In turn, Russians, when speaking English, neglect the word please, which is the most important reason why they are considered poorly behaved in America. The result is a paradoxical situation: when they switch to each other’s language, representatives of the two cultures cease to sympathize with each other due to differences in their politeness formulas. This phenomenon was recently noticed by psychiatrist L. Chorekchyan:
“The Russians who live here notice that newcomers are somehow not very kind, because for some reason they don’t say “thank you” and “please” so often... English please and thank you are empty words for you, because you You don’t speak or think in English and, naturally, you don’t feel anything in it.”
In America, if you ask for something, you must certainly insert a magic word into the request-question.please:
Please give me that pen;
I’ll have the chocolate ice cream, please;
Could you pass the salt, please?;
Could you please answer this letter?;
May I please speak to Mrs. Goodman?;
Please take off your coat; I'd like the check, please.
Even on stands and signs, prohibiting any actions, you will often come across this favorite American word: Please keep off the grass or Please don’t feed the animals.
As one British linguist noted: “English please firmly tied to the command.” This applies to a conversation between a boss and a subordinate, between colleagues, acquaintances, friends, close relatives and spouses:
Miss Jones, please mail this letter;
Mother, would you please relax for a few minutes;
Professor Havemeyer, please come in and sit down;
Dear, please pass me the salt.
When used in a polite phrase the word pleaseit is better to use designs with could than withwill. Phrases like Will you (please) bring me some coffee? or Will you (please) get the bread from the kitchen and put it on the table? They sound harsh. Modal form could softens this harshness, especially if there is also no word please. But, despite his absence, requests like Could you bring me some coffee / Could you get the bread from the kitchen it doesn't hurt the ear like Will you...
Polite forms of address such as I'd like it for example, in a sentence I'd like to have the vegetable soup, or more I think I'll have the vegetable soup, spoken with the correct intonation, may also sometimes not require a word please, however, designs with will - Will you please get the bread- they definitely demand it, otherwise the request will sound rude.
When translating from Russian into English, some requests, even including please, need lexico-syntactic restructuring, without which they sound impolite.
“Please tell me” is a common Russian phrase in cases where a person asks for directions, and in many other situations. Translated literally into English (Tell me please) she seems rude or mocking. Here are the appropriate English versions:
Could you please tell me (how to get to 34th street?)
or Excuse me, could you tell me how to get to the zoo from here? / how much do these flowers cost? / where Mr. Jones's office is? /how to say"schedule" in English?
In other cases, the word order also changes:
Sit down please.
Please have a seat. / Please sit down.
Give me please…
Could you please give me…
Please bring me...
Please bring me / Could you please bring me…
Russian expressions of wishes and requests using negative or positive constructions, for example, “It would be good / would be nice (to do this or that)” are conveyed in English by positive constructions: It would be good / nice if you could please do such and such.
In Russian, answers to such questions or wishes often have a negative form: “I don’t mind / have nothing against / don’t mind”, in English - a positive form: That's fine with / by me.
Polite questions and addresses pose a great difficulty for Russians when speaking English. Although in Russian they are given in a negative form, in English the answers to them are given in positive constructions:
Can you tell me how to get to the metro station?
Wrong: Could you not tell me how to get to the subway?
The Russian “could you” question itself represents polite treatment, which the English modal construction of politeness does not carry. It is clear that literal translation to English turns a polite Russian question into rudeness.
For example, “Do you happen to have a pen?” - Russians often translate Do you have a pen?. It sounds impolite, so it's better to say: Excuse me, would you have a pen / Might you have a pen? or Would you (happen to) have a pen? But such “negative” questions are not really questions, but a polite request. The negative form of the request and the conditional “would” introduce the necessary shade of politeness into phrases where “please” and other polite words are simply not needed. When switching to English without rethinking, these phrases may sound unclear and impolite. In addition, in the English version, the negative particle is omitted and “words of politeness” are added:
Could you please give me / Could I please have some coffee? Could you please pass (me) the milk?
Polite Russian requests “could you?”, “is it difficult for you?”, “won’t it be difficult for you?”, “isn’t it difficult for you?”, “wouldn’t it be difficult for you?”, “isn’t it possible?” are well conveyed in English: Could you please / kindly, Could / May I bother / trouble you to (do whatever?).
Requests: “Could you tell?”, “Would you tell?”, “Won’t you tell?”, “Can’t you tell?”, “Would you be so kind?”, correspond to Could you please / kindly / Could you be so kind as to / May / Could I please ask you to… and so on.
If you want to ask, can / Is your interlocutor inclined to do something?, it's best to refer to it like this: Would you like to / Could you please do… / Would you be interested in doing / How would you feel about doing…
The question “Are you able to do...” is expressed: Are you up to going there / doing that etc., but in no case Are you in a state to do…, which can be understood as: Are you sober enough to do whatever!(“Aren’t you very drunk? Could you do this?”) We must not forget about other forms of address: There’s something I’d like to ask you to do / I was wondering if you might / It had occurred to me that you might like / be interested in doing X / that you’d be the perfect person to do X.
Ignorance of the polite forms accepted in America for expressing a request sometimes leads to a conflict between an American boss and a Russian subordinate, when the latter does not understand that the words addressed to him: I'd like to ask you to do this or I was wondering if you might take a look at (this report)? Could you possibly type this letter? do not actually mean a request, but an order. Responses to such requests-orders can be quite varied. The best match for the phrase “With great pleasure” is: I’ll be delighted / glad to do that / I’d love to. English equivalents of Russian “certainly”, “of course” - Yes, of course or Naturally. Common phrases You’ve got it / No problem / No sweat- are too colloquial and should be avoided.
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Working with the textbook.
Exercise 102 .
When completing this task, children learn to distinguish a request from a requirement. Of course, Sorreltail demands, and does not ask Dunno. Dunno is a patient, and he must comply with the doctor’s demands (sit down, stick out his tongue, breathe deeper, etc.). Of course, Lungwort’s demands sound strict. She speaks in a demanding tone and does not use polite words, much less pleading gestures.
Task 105 .
Of course, the most urgent request contains an explanation of why the boy needs to buy this stamp collection.
Exercise 108 .
– A request, of course, is expressed in the words: “I ask you...”, “Could you please...” All other remarks, depending on the tone, can be classified as both commands and requests.
Examples of requests that children construct from blanks:
● O most powerful of genies! Help me pass the exam!
● Fulfill my request, please, I want to cure my grandmother.
● Dear Hottabych! Please feed all my friends ice cream.
● I turn to you with a request, Hottabych, I want my football team to always be a champion.
Task 109 .
The main idea of the poem is a request to all people to be kind. The highlighted words in the second line of the poem express a request for a ticket (in this case they can be replaced with the word “please”). The last line is a wish for people to be kind to each other.
Task 110.
– What was George’s request?
Possible headers:
George's request;
The cat helps save the moon;
The Tale of the Moon Miceetc.
Exercise 113 .
Vasilisa will probably first make a request to the owner, Emelya (he sits at the head of the table). If this place seems uncomfortable to Baba Yaga, then to Ivan Tsarevich and Ilya Muromets.
Task 114.
The most polite requests are 2nd and 4th.
Task 115 .
Vasilisa the Wise can offer a seat to any of the men sitting at the table, except, perhaps, Koshchei the Immortal (who is very old and decrepit). However, he can give way to Vasilisa if he is not indifferent to female beauty and intelligence.
When giving way, men can say:
● Please sit down, dear Yagushka.
● Excuse me, please, Grandma Yaga. Come here, you will be comfortable here.
● Sit down at the table, beautiful Vasilisa. I'm glad to offer you my place.
● I'm glad to see you. Come here, madam.
And women can respond with words of gratitude, for example:
● Thanks guys. (Thank you very much.)
● Thank you.
● Very nice, Ivanushka.
● Fine. I'll be comfortable here.
Of course, fairy-tale heroes - Leshy, Emelya, Ivan Tsarevich, etc. - in return for the places they gave to the ladies, they may well conjure others for themselves, no worse. It is important that, by giving way, they showed care and attention to the old man, as well as respect for women.
Let's summarize.
– Tell us what helps make a request polite? (Polite
words, address, tone.)
– What is the difference between a demand and a request? (It must be complied with; it does not contain polite words.)
– What makes a request more convincing?
Task 111 .
– And now we will sum up. Using the diagram and polite words from the prompt in the activity, make up different versions of George's request. Then complete this assignment in writing. The winner of the game will be the one who makes the largest number of request options and voices them accordingly.
Task 116 .
If no one gives way to Baba Yaga, she can summon her stupa and fly home, cursing everyone present. This will probably ruin a fabulous holiday. Knowing her character, we can assume that she will cause difficulties and troubles in the lives of those who did not show her due respect. For example, she will rain worms and frogs on the hut, or steal the faithful horse of Ilya Muromets, or scare away Leshy’s subjects, etc. Vasilisa will also be offended, and all the men present will forever lose her friendship and wise advice. In a word, the situation in the fairytale forest will turn from friendly to hostile. The enmity can end if the fairy-tale characters ask Baba Yaga and Vasilisa for forgiveness, invite them to a feast, and offer them the most honorable places. The winner of the game will be the one who writes the longest and most entertaining story.
Let's check ourselves:
– Make direct and hidden requests to strangers:
● indicate the road to Shkolnaya Street (or another);
● validate your ticket on the bus;
● say what time it is;
● let you through to the exit of the transport;
● show the book you are interested in in the store.
Speech warm-up 7, paragraph 3.
Continuation of the poem by S. Marshak:
King of Diamonds
And I was waiting for pudding for lunch.
Ten of diamonds
Returned the broth
- Of course, the queen or the king could have asked for the diamond, or better yet, demanded that the kidnappers return what was stolen. They could also call an investigator and ask him to find broth and pudding. Or order the court executioner (six) to intimidate the ten and jack.
After returning the stolen goods, the lady and king may have decided to share with their hungry subjects and sometimes invite them to dinner.
