Natural increase The population as of January 1, 2009 is 2889.8 thousand people. Population density 1.2 people/km² (2009), The birth rate in January-July 2008 was 21.3 thousand people. (an increase of 9.6% compared to the same period in 2006), mortality amounted to 23.7 thousand people. (an increase of 3.4%), the migration increase amounted to 751 people (in January July 2007, 8 people). The population as of January 1, 2009 is 2889.8 thousand people. Population density 1.2 people/km² (2009), The birth rate in January-July 2008 was 21.3 thousand people. (an increase of 9.6% compared to the same period in 2006), mortality amounted to 23.7 thousand people. (increase by 3.4%), migration increase amounted to 751 people (8 people in January July 2007). 2009 2009 Birth rate January July mortality 2009 2009 Birth rate January July mortality
In July 2008, the birth rate exceeded the death rate for the first time since 1992: 3,513 people were born (+ 12.2% compared to July 2007), 3,285 people died (- 1.2% compared to July 2007), thus, the natural increase was 228 people (in July 2007, the natural decline was 194 people). In July 2008, the birth rate exceeded the death rate for the first time since 1992: 3,513 people were born (+ 12.2% compared to July 2007), 3,285 people died (- 1.2% compared to July 2007), thus, the natural increase was 228 people (in July 2007, natural decline was 194 people). 2008
Age and sex structure The age and sex structure of the population is formed under the influence of natural and mechanical movement over the past years. The age and sex structure of the population is formed under the influence of natural and mechanical movement over the past years. The process of population aging is accelerating due to falling birth rates. The process of population aging is accelerating due to falling birth rates. Until the age of 40, men predominated in the population, especially among children. Until the age of 40, men predominated in the population, especially among children. For every thousand women there were 930 women. For every thousand women there were 930 women.
O A sharp drop in the birth rate in the 90s led to a decrease in the proportion of children under 5 years of age in the population. o The age structure bears the consequences of the Great Patriotic War. o The consequences of the modern demographic crisis are reflected in the population structure throughout the 20th century. o Natural population decline will play a decisive role in reducing the number.
National composition of the population of the Krasnoyarsk Territory Nationality Number (persons)% of total Nationality Number (persons)% of total Russians % Russians % Ukrainians % Ukrainians % Tatars % Tatars % Germans % Germans % Azerbaijanis % Azerbaijanis % Belarusians % Belarusians % Chuvash % Chuvash % Persons who did not indicate nationality, 53% Persons who did not indicate nationality, 53% Armenians % Armenians % Mordovians % Mordovians % Dolgans % Dolgans % Mari % Mari % Evenki % Evenki % Khakass % Khakass % Estonians % Estonians % Kyrgyz % Kyrgyz % Bashkirs % Bashkirs % Moldovans % Moldovans % Latvians % Latvians % Tajiks % Tajiks % Udmurts % Udmurts % Nenets % Nenets % Uzbeks % Uzbeks % Kazakhs % Kazakhs % Poles % Poles %
Urban and rural population Accelerated industrialization in the region during the Soviet years was accompanied by rapid growth of the urban population. Since 1989, the share of city residents has stabilized at 74% (73% in Russia). Accelerated industrialization in the region during the Soviet years was accompanied by rapid growth of the urban population. Since 1989, the share of city residents has stabilized at 74% (73% in Russia). Urbanization is also reflected in the growth of the non-agricultural population in rural areas. Urbanization is also reflected in the growth of the non-agricultural population in rural areas.
The national composition of the Krasnoyarsk Territory is distinguished by extreme diversity and great diversity, which are the result of complex ethnocultural, demographic and political processes.
Before the arrival of the Russians, predominantly Turkic-speaking and, to a lesser extent, Samoyed- and Keto-speaking tribes lived in the Yenisei Siberia. Most of them were still at the stage of ethnic consolidation. At the end of the 16th - beginning of the 17th centuries. As part of the first Cossack detachments, the Yenisei lands were developed by people from Ukraine, Poland, Lithuania, and the Volga region. By the beginning of the 18th century. local indigenous peoples were already inferior in number to the newcomer Russian population. In the first quarter of this century, many Swedish prisoners of war ended up in the Yenisei region.
In the 19th century The national representation of the Yenisei province expanded due to exiled settlers: Poles, Germans, Jews, and Baltic peoples. Special settlements were created for Lutherans (Estonians, Latvians, Finns) in the Minusinsk district. In parallel, peasant migration developed, especially in the post-reform period. Among the settlers there were many Ukrainians, Tatars, and Mordovians.
In 1897, the first general census recorded 570 thousand inhabitants on the territory of the Yenisei province. The non-Russian population accounted for 97 thousand people (17% of the total), half of which were represented by indigenous ethnic groups (northern peoples - 9.4 thousand people, Yenisei Turks, or Khakass - 37.7 thousand people). Among the “newcomers” peoples, the most numerous were Ukrainians - 21.4 thousand people (3.75%), Tatars - 6.0 thousand (1.05%), Poles - 5.9 thousand (1.04%) , Jews - 5.1 thousand (0.88%), Mordovians - 3.8 thousand (0.66%), Latvians and Estonians - 1.4 thousand each (0.25%), Germans and Gypsies - 1 thousand people each (0.16%).
With the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway and the beginning of the Stolypin agrarian reform, a huge stream of immigrants poured into the Yenisei province, including many Belarusians, Ukrainians, Tatars, Poles, Estonians, Chuvash, Latvians and Latgalians. With the outbreak of the First World War, a large number of refugees from the front-line territories of Russia (Ukraine, Belarus, the Baltics), as well as representatives of European peoples from among prisoners of war in Germany and Austria-Hungary, many of whom took part in the Civil War, ended up in Siberia.
To change the national composition of the Yenisei province in the early 1920s. influenced by the repatriation of foreign prisoners of war, the option of Russian citizens to the newly formed states - Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Poland and Finland, as well as a large influx of “hunger refugees” to Siberia from the national regions of the Volga region, affected by severe drought.
By 1926, the non-Russian population of the Krasnoyarsk Territory numbered 185 thousand people, of which only a third (62 thousand) were autochthonous peoples. By this time, more than 3.6 thousand ethnic villages existed in the region, excluding the Turukhansk Territory. Thus, the Khakass lived in 434 uluses; 313 villages, hamlets and settlements were owned by Belarusians, 119 by Ukrainians, 71 by Tatars, 33 by Mordovians, 26 by Chuvash, 34 by Baltic peoples. Two-thirds of the national villages were hamlets, widespread among Latvians and Latgalians, Estonians, Poles, and Lithuanians. In places of their compact residence, national village councils, districts, districts (Taimyr and Evenki in 1930), and an autonomous region (Khakassk in 1930) began to be created.
Tough political events of the 1930-1940s. significantly redrawn the ethnic map of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Exile and deportation, initially on social and then national grounds, led to the appearance in the region of tens of thousands of Poles, Germans, Kalmyks, Latvians, Estonians, Lithuanians, Greeks, Ingrian Finns, Bulgarians and other peoples. In 1953, there were over 140 thousand special settlers from among non-Russian peoples in the region.
After rehabilitation, most of them returned to their homeland, and the rest replenished the existing ones or laid the foundation for new diasporas that were not typical for the Krasnoyarsk Territory (Greeks, Kalmyks, Koreans, Chinese, etc.).
In the second half of the twentieth century, new trends can be traced in the sphere of ethno-demographic development of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. On the one hand, since the 1950–1960s. a stable decrease in the number of a number of old-time ethnic groups begins: Jews, Germans, Poles, Mordovians, Finns, and Baltic peoples. On the other hand, immigrants from labor-abundant areas of Central Asia, the Caucasus and other regions are beginning to arrive in large numbers. So, in the 1950s. Quite large diasporas of Azerbaijanis, Georgians, and Armenians are appearing in the region; in the 1960s - Uzbeks and Moldovans.
This flow is significantly increasing due to the increasing demand for labor resources in the construction and development of regional industry giants. In the 1970–1980s. Large groups of Tajiks, Kyrgyz, Ossetians, Chechens, Ingush, and some peoples of Dagestan (Lezgins, Avars, Kumyks, Dargins) appeared in the region.
In general, throughout the twentieth century. The share of the non-Russian population in the Krasnoyarsk Territory remained fairly stable - at 13.5%, with the exception of artificial growth in the 1940–1950s.
Serious and rather controversial changes in the national composition of the region occurred in the difficult 1990s, which were accompanied by tough reforms in the political and socio-economic spheres, a sharp rise in national self-awareness and the formation of sovereign states in the post-Soviet space, increased migration activity of the population and a crisis in demographic development .
Krasnoyarsk is the youngest million-plus city in the Russian Federation. The anniversary resident was born on April 10, 2012. At the beginning of 2015, the population of the city of Krasnoyarsk was just over 1,052,000 people. For the first time in many decades, since 2009, there has been a positive dynamics in the birth rate, that is, the number of births is greater than the number of deaths over a certain period. However, the basis for the rapid growth of the population of the regional center is still labor migrants.
History in numbers
Krasnoyarsk is a rare example when an ancient Siberian fort, founded by pioneering Cossacks and merchants in 1628, was reborn into a modern metropolis. Other settlements founded in the 16th and 17th centuries - Tobolsk, Mangazeya, Okhotsk, Verkhoturye, Narym, Tara and others - were destined to either disappear or lead a quiet provincial life.
However, the city did not immediately become a major industrial center. For two centuries since its founding, the population of Krasnoyarsk did not exceed 3,000 people. Only by the middle of the 19th century did it increase to 6,000, when the settlement became the administrative center of the Yenisei province, formed in 1822.
Since the 1830s, the area and its natural resources began to be actively developed by large industrialists. In 1833 the Znamensky glass factory was erected, and in 1853 - a faience factory. The organization of shipping along the Yenisei, the construction of the railway (1895), and the development of gold mines attracted thousands of migrants from other Russian provinces. By the beginning of the 20th century, the population of Krasnoyarsk exceeded 30,000 inhabitants.
With the advent of Soviet power, there was a sharp increase in the industrial potential of the capital of Krasnoyarsk. If in 1923 there were 60,000 residents living here, then in 1939 there were already more than 180,000. It must be recognized that the population of Krasnoyarsk increased sharply during the Great Patriotic War. Being located deep in the rear, the industrially developed region became a convenient “safe haven” where large enterprises were evacuated from the west of the USSR. Many workers who arrived remained to live in the city. Over the next 15 years, the number of city residents almost doubled - to 328,000 in 1956.
Modern times
By the end of the Soviet era, Krasnoyarsk became one of the largest Siberian centers, second only to Novosibirsk and Omsk. The birth of the millionth resident was expected by 1990. However, the ensuing economic depression led to a sharp outflow of residents. The city had never seen such a mass exodus: in five years, the population of Krasnoyarsk decreased by 40,000 (to 869,000 in 1995).
The gradual improvement of the economy, the discovery of new mineral deposits, and socio-demographic projects made it possible to increase the population: the population of Krasnoyarsk reached 900,000 in 2002. Ten years later, in the spring of 2012, the millionth resident was registered.
Population dynamics by year
- 1856 - 6400 people.
- 1897 - 26700 hours
- 1923 - 60400 hours
- 1939 - 186100 hours
- 1956 - 328,000 hours
- 1967 - 576,000 hours
- 1979 - 796,300 hours
- 1989 - 912600 hours
- 1996 - 871,000 hours
- 2002 - 909300 hours
- 2009 - 947800 hours
- 2015 - 1052200 h.
Forecast for the future
The Department of Social Protection of the Population of Krasnoyarsk has compiled a demographic forecast for the medium term. According to officials, the urban population will continue to grow, but will decrease slightly. According to the master development plan, in 2033 the number of residents should reach 1,300,000 people - mainly due to movement from other areas of the region.
Work migration
It is no secret that the explosive growth in the number of metropolitan residents over the past 10 years is explained by labor migration. Moreover, the largest flow of migrants comes from other regions of Krasnoyarsk. As a result, despite the steady population growth, there is an acute shortage of personnel in the regions. For example, 600,000 people are not enough to develop the resources and settle the Lower Angara region! The richest reserves of hydrocarbons have been explored here, large factories are being built (pulp and paper, production of MDF boards, aluminum), but there are not enough. Obviously, no matter how much you persuade the population of Krasnoyarsk to move for permanent residence to Lesosibirsk, Kodinsk or Boguchany, people will prefer the more comfortable living conditions of the regional capital.
There is a migration of immigrants from the CIS and Baltic countries to the territory of the region. In the mid-90s, the leadership was held by residents of Ukraine, and since the 2000s, the largest percentage of migrants came from Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan. From January 1, 1992 to January 1, 2004, the total increase in migrants from abroad amounted to 64,500 people in the Krasnoyarsk Territory.
Mostly migrants settle in large cities. Thus, the largest number of migrants live in Krasnoyarsk, Sharypovo, Achinsk, and Lesosibirsk. Among the districts, Emelyanovsky and Berezovsky are the leaders, which is explained by their territorial proximity to the metropolis.
Krasnoyarsk region
While the main city of the region is growing steadily, the population in the Krasnoyarsk Territory as a whole has not yet reached the levels of the early 2000s. Demographic statistics are as follows:
- 1959 - 2,204,000 people.
- 1970 - 2516000 hours
- 1989 - 3,027,000 hours
- 2000 - 3,022,000 hours
- 2100 - 2828000 hours
- 2015 - 2858000 hours
At the moment, natural population growth is observed in most regions of the region with a coefficient of 0.1-0.2 per 1000 people. It is gratifying that positive dynamics are also observed among the majority of indigenous peoples.
National composition of the region
According to the results of the All-Russian Census of 2002, 2,966,042 people lived in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, which is 2.4% less than in 1989 (including 39,786 people living in the territory of Taimyr, 17,697 in the territory of Evenkia).
From 1989 to 2002, the share of Russians in the region’s population decreased slightly (by 0.8%) and amounted to 88.9%, or 2,638,281 inhabitants. In most districts and settlements (with the exception of places of compact residence of ethnic communities), the Russian population constitutes the overwhelming majority. In Taimyr and Evenkia their share reaches 58.6% and 61.9%, respectively. The share of the non-Russian population in the Krasnoyarsk Territory by 2002 (compared to 1989) decreased from 12.4 to 11.1% (from 378,051 to 327,761 people).
At the same time, the number of nationalities represented in the population structure of the region increased from 128 to 137. The results of the 2002 census draw attention to the significant increase in residents who did not want to indicate their nationality: their number increased 3.6 times (from 4395 to 15822 people).
National composition of Krasnoyarsk
City statistics differ little from regional statistics, which is natural. The latest 2010 census did not reveal any significant deviations from the 2002 data. The administration collected information about 974,591 people, including determining their number by national composition. The population of Krasnoyarsk was distributed as follows:
Number |
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Ukrainians | ||
Azerbaijanis | ||
Belarusians | ||
other nationalities |
Due to the difficult situation in Ukraine, refugees from Donbass and Luhansk region are being accommodated in the region. There are no statistical data yet on how they affect the composition and structure of the population. Among the newcomers there are many women and children, and it is unclear whether they will stay in the city forever or return to their homeland after the resolution of the military conflict.
Conclusion
The population of Krasnoyarsk at this stage of development is rapidly increasing. This is the fastest growing million-plus city in Russia. This phenomenon is facilitated by several key factors: the presence of a developed industry and relatively high positive dynamics of the birth rate, a favorable average age of the population - 37.7 years (according to the 2010 census), external and
According to experts, Krasnoyarsk is attractive for labor migrants for several reasons. Firstly, the city is characterized by the development of the construction industry, which predominantly employs migrants. Secondly, an important role is played by the active work of the relevant national-cultural associations, whose tasks include immigrants.
There are many visitors from neighboring regions and republics. Most migrants come from Khakassia, Tyva, Buryatia, Irkutsk and Kemerovo regions. First of all, they are attracted by the favorable socio-economic situation, the amenities of the city, the availability of programs to support immigrants, and the availability of jobs. Krasnoyarsk is a modern city where both local residents and visitors feel comfortable.
KANSK, a city in the Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk Territory, located in the Kansk forest-steppe, on the left bank of the river. Kan (tributary of the Yenisei River), 247 km east of Krasnoyarsk. Kansk-Yeniseiskaya railway station. Road junction. District center. Population 107.5 thousand people (2001). Founded in 1628. City since 1782.
Main industries: forestry and woodworking (woodworking and building materials factories); mechanical engineering and metalworking (plant of paper-making equipment, metal structures); biochemical plant; light (cotton mill, Kantex LLC, Kanva, tannery). Food industry enterprises: mill and meat processing plants, distilleries and breweries.
In 1628, near the Komarovsky rapids, the Kansky small fort on the Kan (now the village of Komarovka) was founded, 43 km below the modern city. In 1640 the fort was moved to its current location. Russian settlers arrived here at the beginning of the 18th century. From the middle of the 18th century. Kansk played a significant role in transit trade due to its location on the Moscow Highway. At the end of the 19th century. Most of the residents of Kansk were engaged in agriculture and cattle breeding; in the summer, many went to the gold mines.
The city has a drama theater and a local history museum.
In Kansk there are 14 archaeological monuments under state protection.
Main industries: oil refining (JSC Achinsk Oil Refinery), production of building materials (JSC Achinsk Alumina Refinery - processing of nepheline ores, production of finished alumina, soda products, cement; JSC Stroyindustriya, Stroymaterialy, asphalt plant); light (sewing software; factories: shoe factory “Alleg”, furniture factory, fur products, etc.). Factories: woodworking, mechanical, wax, brick, electrical repair, etc. Food industry: JSC "Achinskkhleboprodukt", LLC "Meat Processing Plant", JSC "Achinsk Dairy Plant", LLC "Achinskaya Confectionery Factory", brewery, etc. Near Achinsk there is coal mining (Kansk-Achinsk fuel and energy complex). Deposits of limestone, manganese, brick and refractory clays, sand and gravel mixture, and building stone have been discovered in the area.
Founded as the Achinsk fort on the White Iyus River. After the fire, 1683 was moved to the bank of Chulym at the confluence of the small river Achinka.
Educational and cultural institutions: branches of Krasnoyarsk institutes (non-ferrous metals and civil engineering). Drama Theater. Museum of Local Lore.
Among the architectural attractions: the Kazan Cathedral (1832), the building of the former synagogue (1907), the building of the former women's gymnasium (1912), the former House of Public Meeting (now the Drama Theater), etc.
10 km from Achinsk is the Aydashinskaya cave, 2 km east of Achinsk is the Achinskaya Paleolithic site.
MINUSINSK, a city in the Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk region, is located in the central part of the Minusinsk Basin, 661 km south of Krasnoyarsk. A pier on the right bank of the Yenisei, 12 km from the railway station. Highway (Usinsky tract). Airport (45 km, Abakan). District center. Population 70.0 thousand people (2001). Founded in 1740. City since 1822.
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Main industries: electrical engineering (PO "Minusinsk Electrotechnical Industrial Complex": factories - cable, high-voltage equipment, electric heating devices, etc.); furniture, clothing and glove factories. Food industry enterprises: dairy plant, confectionery and pasta factory, vegetable canning, brewery and distillery, etc.
The village of Minusinskaya arose in 1739-40. at the confluence of the Minusa River into the Yenisei channel. From 1810 the village, in 1822 the city of Minusinsk. At the end of the 19th century. The main occupations of the residents were agriculture, cattle breeding, gardening, leather dressing, sewing, sheepskin coats and fur coats, and felting. In the 19th - early 20th centuries. Minusinsk is a place of exile.
Scientific, educational and cultural institutions: permanent geological exploration and experimental mechanical expedition. Department of the Moscow Electrotechnical Institute. Drama Theater.
Among the architectural attractions: the Church of the Transfiguration (1803-1813, rebuilt in 1904), the building of a former almshouse (early 19th century), the former Gostiny Dvor, Government places (rebuilt), Belova’s house (1854), etc.
YENISEISK, a city in the Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk Territory, located on the Yenisei Plain, on the left bank of the river. Yenisei, below the confluence of the river. Angara, 39 km from the Lesosibirsk-I railway station, 338 km north of Krasnoyarsk. River port. Airport. District center. Population 21.2 thousand people (2001). Founded in 1619. City since 1678. Until 1678 Yenisei fort.
Main industrial enterprises: mechanical plant, meat processing plant; JSC “Yenisei-mebel”, JSC “Nizhneeniseyskaya SEC”, etc.
Arose from several winter huts. It was called the Tunguska, Kuznetsk, and then the Yenisei fort. At the end of the 17th century. Yeniseisk is the center of Siberian icon painting. By the 18th century a major trade and transport center on the Tobol - Irtysh - Ob - Ket - Kem - Yenisei - Angara waterway. He was famous for his blacksmith's products, including the production of agricultural implements and various iron crafts. After the discovery of a gold deposit, Yeniseisk turned into a center for supplying prospectors with equipment and food.
The city lost its administrative and economic significance due to the construction of the Moscow-Irkutsk highway, and then the Trans-Siberian railway. The decline of the gold industry and the fire that destroyed 3/4 of the city in 1869 caused significant damage to city trade. Trade in fur goods, mainly squirrel, has been preserved.
The city has a pedagogical institute, a theater, and a local history museum.
Numerous architectural monuments have been preserved in Yeniseisk: Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery (founded in 1642), Epiphany Cathedral (1738-64), Resurrection Church (1735-47), Trinity Church (1772-76), Assumption Church (1793-1818), building Yenisei Museum of Local Lore (1747-53), etc. Stone buildings of the late 19th - early 20th centuries. On the outskirts of the old town, former wooden manor houses still stand, some from the late 19th century.
ILAN, city (since 1939) in the Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk region. Railroad station. Population 17 thousand people (2002). Enterprises of railway transport, light industry, etc.
UZHUR, a regional center in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, 339 km southwest of Krasnoyarsk. Located between the Solgon Ridge and the western spurs of Kuznechny Alatau, on the Uzhurka and Chernavka rivers. Railway station on the Achinsk - Abakan line. Population 29.1 thousand people (1992; 22.9 thousand in 1959; 27.4 thousand in 1979).
Founded in 1760, until 1822 it was a small village (ulus) inhabited by Khakassians. Since 1822 - the center of the Uzhur volost of the Achinsk district of the Yenisei province. A stone church was built here in 1857. In 1890 a telephone exchange appeared. In 1914, construction of the Achinsk-Minusinsk railway began. The city - since 1953. The development of the city is associated with the development of nepheline ore deposits in Goryachegorsk and Kiya-Shaltyr. U. is the center of an agricultural region with food industry enterprises (meat processing plant, fish factory, dairy plant). Production of building materials (factories - reinforced concrete, brick, asphalt). Museum of Local Lore. The city is divided by the railway into western and eastern parts.
In 1922, writer A.P. Gaidar (Golikov) served in the military and worked on the book “In the Days of Defeats and Victories.”
40 km from Uchum is Lake Uchum, on the southern shore of which there is a mud and balneological resort that has been operating since the beginning of the 20th century. The resort is surrounded by low mountains, on its territory and in the surrounding area there are birch and pine groves. The main natural healing factors - mineral spring water, brine and sulfide silt mud - are used to treat nervous, gastrointestinal and musculoskeletal diseases. The quality of the mud is superior to that from Lake Saki in Crimea. The first literary information about the lake dates back to 1864, the scientific description of its medicinal properties dates back to 1909.
UYAR, a regional center in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, 132 km east of Krasnoyarsk. Located in the foothills of the Eastern Sayan, on the Moscow highway. A railway station on the Trans-Siberian Railway, from here the Sayanskaya - Klyukvennaya branch departs. Population 17.0 thousand people (1992; 20.6 thousand in 1959; 17.2 thousand in 1979).
It dates back to 1760, when retired soldier Ivan Talaleev from the Simbirsk province set up his hut on the bank of the river. Uyarka near a clay ravine (hence the name). A postal station and a Yamskaya hut were then located not far from his house. The settlement grew due to immigrants arriving here from Latvia, Ukraine, the Volga region, and the Oryol province. In 1874, 1060 people lived in the village. At the end of the 19th century. A railway station was built in Ukraine (on the Trans-Siberian Railway). In 1897, the Uyarskaya railway station was renamed Olgino, and from 1906 - Klyukvennaya (named after the track engineer). Gradually, the station and the village of Uyar merged into one settlement. The city of U. - since 1944. In 1973, Klyukvennaya station was renamed U.
A brick factory was opened in Uzbekistan in 1922, in 1926 - the Klyukvensky refractory plant (based on open deposits of refractory clays), in 1948 - a mica pinching shop, then the Uyar mica factory, in 1958 a reinforced concrete structures plant was built, and in 1975 - an asphalt concrete plant.
In modern Ukraine: factories - reinforced concrete products and structures, ceramics, dairy; mica factory; A meat processing plant is being built. People's Theatre.
IGARKA, city (since 1931) in the Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk region, port on the river. Yenisei (accessible to sea vessels). Population 9.5 thousand people (2002). Timber mill, etc. Research permafrost station of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
NORILSK, a city in the Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk Territory, is located on the Taimyr Peninsula, 300 km north of the Arctic Circle, in the forest-tundra zone, on permafrost, near the river. Norilsk (flows into the Kara Sea under the name Pyasina) and the Norilsk Mountains (northwestern tip of the Central Siberian Plateau), 1.5 thousand km (north) by air and 2 thousand km by water from Krasnoyarsk. Connected by railway and highway with the cities of Talnakh, Kayerkan and the port of Dudinka (on the Yenisei). Alykel Airport (40 km to the west). Population 138 thousand people (2002). Founded in 1935. City since 1953.
One of the northernmost cities in the world.
Main industries: non-ferrous metallurgy (RAO Norilsk Nickel, produces nickel, copper, cobalt, selenium and other metals, in concentrates - precious metals: gold, silver, platinum, palladium, iridium, etc.; OJSC Norilsk Mining Company ); gas production (JSC Norilskgazprom); metalworking, chemical, food and other enterprises. Hydroelectric power station on the Khantaika and Kureyka rivers.
Norilsk. Evening illumination of Leninsky Prospekt.
In the 1860s. In the vicinity of modern Norilsk, the Dudin merchants Sotnikovs built a shaft furnace where they smelted blister copper. In 1919, geological studies of the area began under the leadership of geologist N. N. Urvantsev. In 1935, a decision was made to build the Norilsk plant. Since 1939 - a workers' settlement, since 1953 - a city. In 1935-55. the main workforce was made up of prisoners from Norillag and those released from it (a memorial was built on the site of the camp cemetery). Among those who passed the camp (over 500 thousand people): N. N. Urvantsev, chemist academician A. A. Balandin, writers E. Ya. Drabkina, D. N. Kugultinov, actor G. S. Zhzhenov and others.
Norilsk. Nickel plant site.
Scientific, educational and cultural institutions: a number of research institutes (far North agriculture, polar medicine), polar cosmophysical testing ground of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Norilsk Industrial Institute, Norilsk Economic Institute, branch of the Moscow Institute of Entrepreneurship and Law. Drama Theater. House of Technology with a museum of the history of the exploration and development of the Norilsk industrial region. Art Gallery. Sports Palace "Arctic".
ZAOZERNY, city (since 1948) in the Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk region, on the river. Barga. Railroad station. Population 13.6 thousand people (2002). Mica, furniture factories. Plant "Sibvolokno". Near Zaozernoye there is coal mining. Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power station-2. Originated in con. 17th century
DUDINKA, a city in the Russian Federation, the center of the Taimyr (Dolgan-Nenets) Autonomous Okrug, is located beyond the Arctic Circle, on permafrost, on the right bank of the river. Yenisei, near the mouth of the river. Dudinka, 2021 km north of Krasnoyarsk. Seaport in the lower reaches of the Yenisei (outport of Norilsk). Railroad station. Population 26.8 thousand people (2001). Founded in 1667. City since 1951.
The northernmost electrified railway and highway on the globe connects Dudinka with Norilsk (96 km) and Alykel airport. Main industrial enterprises: fish factory, ice-free seaport.
Founded as a tribute winter hut by the Streltsy chief Ivan Sorokin. Since 1930, the village of Dudinskoye, the center of the Taimyr Autonomous Okrug. In 1936 the first sea pier was built. In 1937, construction of the Dudinka-Norilsk railway began. During the Great Patriotic War, the seaport serving the Norilsk Mining and Metallurgical Combine and other facilities was expanded. In 1969, the Messoyakha-Dudinka-Norilsk gas pipeline was laid across the Yenisei. The city is home to the permanent Taimyr geophysical and Lower Yisei oil exploration expeditions. Museum of Local Lore.
NAZAROVO, city (since 1961) in the Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk region, on the river. Chulym. Railroad station. Population 62.7 thousand people (2002). Mechanical engineering, food industry; production of building materials. GRES. Museum of Local Lore. Near Nazarovo - brown coal mining.
DIVNOGORSK, a city in the Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk Territory, located in the spurs of the Eastern Sayan, on the right bank of the river. Yenisei, 40 km southeast of Krasnoyarsk. Pier. Railroad station. Highway. Population 29.1 thousand people (2001). Founded in 1957. City since 1963.
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Main industrial enterprises: low-voltage equipment plant, reinforced concrete products plant, mechanical repair and woodworking plants. Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power station.
Since ancient times, on the banks of the Yenisei, at the mouth of the Filaret Stream (named after the hermit Filaret), there existed a small monastery or monastery. In 1888, on the site of modern Divnogorsk, Hieromonk Filaret founded the Krasnoyarsk Znamensky Monastery (closed in 1920). During the Soviet era, a decision was made to build a powerful hydroelectric power station on the Yenisei. In 1957, two villages of construction workers of the Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power station merged into one under the common name Divnogorsk (the name from the Divnye Mountains, located on the opposite, left bank of the Yenisei). The village received city status in 1963.
The Institute for Advanced Training of Forestry Workers is located in the city; There is a Museum of the history of the construction of the Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power station and the city.
Near Divnogorsk there are unique natural monuments: Monk Rock, Filaretov Stream (a ski resort is located here), and individual rocks of the Stolby Nature Reserve.
Sharypovo
Sharypovo, in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, regional subordination, regional center, 414 km west of Krasnoyarsk. Located in the foothills of the Kuznetsk Alatau, on the river. Beresh (Chulym basin). Railway station on the branch from Achinsk on the Trans-Siberian Railway. Airport. Population 41.8 thousand people (1992; 6.0 thousand in 1979).
On the site of the modern city there was a village (after 1760 - a village) Sh. (Sharypovskoye). At the end of the 19th century. There was a hospital, a 2-class school, a library, and a bank in the village. The city - since 1981, in 1985-88 was called Chernenko in honor of the General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee K. U. Chernenko, a native of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Sh. is growing in connection with the formation of the Kansk-Achinsk fuel and energy complex (KATEK). The city is built up with multi-storey buildings, individual cottages with garden plots are being built. Berezovskaya GRES-I and Berezovsky coal mine (19 km north of Sh.).
Turukhansk
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Turukhansk, village, regional center in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, 1474 km north of Krasnoyarsk. Located at the confluence of the river. Lower Tunguska to Yenisei. Population 8.9 thousand people (1989; 200 people in 1897).
Founded in 1607 as a fortified point at Novaya Mangazeya. In 1782 it was appointed a district town of the Tomsk region. Since 1925 - a rural settlement.
Timashevsk
Timashevsk, a regional center in the Krasnodar Territory, 73 km north of Krasnodar. Located on the Kuban-Azov lowland, on the river. Bricks. A junction of railway lines (to Krasnodar, Krymsk, Primorsko-Akhtarsk, Bataysk) and roads (Yeysk - Krasnodar, etc.). Population 47.8 thousand people (1992; 38.9 thousand in 1979).
City - since 1966. Modern T. is the center of an agricultural region. Food, mainly sugar, industry. Factories: feed mill, hemp, brick, asphalt. Greenhouse plant, agricultural production association; railway transport enterprises.
Talnakh
Talnakh, in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, subordinate to the city administration of Norilsk, a satellite of Norilsk, 24 km north of it. Located in the eastern part of the Kharaelakh mountains, on permafrost. Connected by rail and highway to the city. Norilsk, Kayerkan, Dudinka, with Alykel airport, Dudinsky port on the Yenisei. Population 64.7 thousand people (1992; 35.1 thousand in 1979).
Founded on the banks of the river. Talnakh in 1960 as a village in connection with the beginning of the mining of copper-nickel ores for the Norilsk Metallurgical Plant. The village was transformed into a city in 1982. The largest mines in Russia, Mayak (since 1964), Komsomolsky (since 1965), Oktyabrsky, and Taimyrsky, operate in Tashkent. Obage fabric. Small enterprise "Sayany" (pig breeding, growing crops). At the entrance to T. from Norilsk there is an obelisk “First” in honor of the first builders of the city and mines.
Sosnovoborsk
Sosnovoborsk, in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, regional subordination, 20 km northeast of Krasnoyarsk. Located on the right bank of the Yenisei, 30 km from the Bazaikha railway station on the Trans-Siberian Railway. Population 30.9 thousand people (1992; 12.9 thousand in 1979).
Founded in 1971 as a workers' settlement in connection with the construction of the Krasnoyarsk plant of automobile and tractor trailers and semi-trailers. Since 1973 it has been called S. (after the pine forests growing in the area). The city - since 1985. In modern S. - thermal power plants, food industry enterprises, etc. A monument in honor of the 40th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45.
LESOSIBIRSK, in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, regional subordination, 458 km northwest of Krasnoyarsk. Located in the southwest of the Transangar plateau, on the left bank of the Yenisei, near the mouth of the river. Angara. Railroad station. Leningrad is connected by a railway line with Achinsk (274 km) on the Trans-Siberian Railway, by a road with Krasnoyarsk and Yenisei, and by water communication along the Yenisei with Krasnoyarsk and Dudinka. River port, transshipment base for cargo from the railway to river vessels and back. Population 69.9 thousand people (1992; 56.4 thousand in 1939; 16.2 thousand in 1959; 56.4 thousand in 1979).
Leningrad is a large center for processing Siberian timber (hence the name). On the site of L., the village of Maklakov Meadow existed since 1640. In the 19th century The village of Maklakovo is the center of the volost. In 1915-17, a small sawmill operated in Maklakov. After the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45, large sawmills were built in the Maklakov area to process Angara pine into lumber for export, and the workers’ settlements of Novomaklakovo and Novoyeniseisk were built. In 1975, the city of Leningrad was formed from the villages of Maklakovo and Novomaklakovo. In 1989, the working settlement of Novoyeniseisk was included in the composition of Leningrad.
In modern Latvia there is a timber and wood-chemical industry: railway sleepers, fiberboards, fastening timber, rosin, etc.). Plants: mast impregnation plant, rosin-extraction plant. Combines: timber handling, wood processing, etc. Pedagogical Institute - a branch of Krasnoyarsk University, a branch of the Siberian Technological Institute. Museum of Forest and Timber. In Leningrad, the taiga adjoins its southern, western and northern quarters. Stacks of wood, lumber and production waste are stored near sawmills.
In Maklakovo in 1903-05, P. A. Zalomov lived in exile, who served as the prototype of Pyotr Vlasov, the hero of M. Gorky’s novel “Mother”.
KRASNOYARSK-45(Zelenogorsk), regional subordination, is located in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, on the left bank of the river. Caen, 180 km from the regional center. A railway station on a branch line from Zaozernaya station on the Trans-Siberian Railway. Population 64 thousand people (1991; 48.7 thousand in 1979; 9.2 thousand in 1959).
Founded in 1956 on the site of the former village of Ust-Barga (known since 1735). In 1840-50, a small ironworks was built on the outskirts of the village. In 1896, for the first time in official documents, mention of the old-timer village of Barga on the river appeared. Kan, Rybinsk volost of Kansky district, which had 68 male residents and 71 female residents, had a chapel and a drinking establishment. In 1898, the Barginsky resettlement site was created in the village of Orlovskaya, and at the beginning of the 20th century. the village of Barga became part of the Trinity-Zaozernovskaya volost. In modern K.-45: electrochemical plant, PA "Sibvolokno". GRES. Branch of the Krasnoyarsk Polytechnic Institute. International Youth Space Center. Museums: art, military glory, environmental, firefighting. Stele in honor of the 30th anniversary of the Victory.
KRASNOYARSK-26(Atomgrad), in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, 64 km north of Krasnoyarsk. Located on the banks of the small rivers Kantat and Baikal, flowing into the Yenisei. A railway station on a branch from the Bazaikha station on the Trans-Siberian Railway through the Sotsgorod station to the industrial facility of the Mining and Chemical Combine. Population 97.5 thousand people (1991; 86.2 thousand in 1979).
In the early 1950s. The government of the USSR decided to build uranium-graphite reactors for the production of plutonium-239 (material for atomic bombs) in Siberia, in the area of the middle reaches of the Yenisei, as far as possible from the borders of the USSR. A group of surveyors from Leningrad carried out engineering surveys on the territory of the future city. In the 1950s The Directorate for the Construction of Iron Mines of the Ministry of Internal Affairs was created (later renamed the Construction Directorate "Sibkhimstroy"), a construction and installation office (later - the trust "Sibkhimmontazh"). At the same time, the first camp departments were organized to use prisoners as labor in the construction of industrial facilities (they were completely disbanded in 1958). In 1954, the residential settlement received the status of a city instead of post office box 9 and was named K.-26, according to secret documents - Zheleznogorsk. In 1958, the mining and chemical plant came into operation. In 1959, a large industrial enterprise appeared - the Research and Production Association of Applied Mechanics, which creates Earth satellites.
In modern K.-26, in addition to the mining and chemical plant, there are NPO applied mechanics, the construction and industrial joint-stock company "Sibkhimstroy", and the trust "Sibkhimmontazh". Krasnoyarsk branch of the Research Institute of Integrated Energy Technology, East Siberian branch of Ipromashprom, branch of the Krasnoyarsk Polytechnic Institute, educational and consulting center of the Krasnoyarsk Polytechnic Institute.
The city gained world fame in 1989 in connection with the construction of the so-called site-27 - an enterprise for the processing and disposal of spent nuclear waste. Similar “storages” exist only in France and Sweden.
In K.-26: Operetta Theater named after K. S. Stanislavsky; puppet theater "Golden Key". Museum of the History of the City. Zoo. Park of Culture and Leisure named after S. M. Kirov. In the development of K.-26, the building of the Palace of Culture named after the 40th anniversary of the October Revolution at the mining and chemical plant in the neoclassical style (1950s, designed by architect B. G. Mashin) stands out.
KODINSK, in the Kezhemsky district of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, 735 km northeast of Krasnoyarsk. Located on the Angara plateau, 12 km from the river. Angara (pier), 264 km from the Karabula railway station on a branch from the Trans-Siberian Railway. Airport. Population 15.4 thousand people (1992).
It emerged as a village in 1977 in connection with the construction of the Boguchanskaya hydroelectric power station. It got its name from the village of Kodinskaya Zaimka, founded in 1930 as a settlement of “special settlers”. Since 1978 - the working settlement of Kodinsky, since 1989 - the city of K. In modern K.: a large-panel house-building plant; forest industry enterprises. Branch of the Kezhemsky Historical and Ethnographic Museum.
KAYERKAN, in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, subordinate to the Norilsk city administration, 30 km west of Norilsk, a satellite city of Norilsk, 1560 km north of Krasnoyarsk. It is located in a permafrost zone. The railway and the Talnakh-Norilsk-Dudinka highway pass through K. Alykel Airport (15 km west of the city). Population 28.3 thousand people (1992).
Founded in 1943 as a settlement of miners, builders, and later metallurgists (built by prisoners). Since 1957 - a working village, since 1982 - a city. In modern Kazakhstan there is the Nadezhdinsky Metallurgical Plant (working on local polymetallic ores and coal), open pits and coal mines. Research laboratory of non-ferrous metals. The urban development is distinguished by its peculiar compactness: the inner part of the city is, as it were, protected from the blizzard by 9-story buildings that form a circle and weaken the force of the wind.
IGARKA, in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, regional subordination, 1779 km north of Krasnoyarsk. Located on the banks of the Igarsk channel of the Yenisei, 163 km north of the Arctic Circle. Built on permafrost. The average annual air temperature in the I. region is 10.5 °C. During June - July there is a polar day, in December - January there is twilight and polar night. A large port accessible for sea vessels from the Yenisei Gulf. Airport. I. is connected by water (during navigation) and air communication with Krasnoyarsk, Dudinka and other cities of the region. Population 17.9 thousand people (1992; 23.3 thousand in 1939; 14.2 thousand in 1959; 16.9 thousand in 1979).
For the first time, the Igarskaya (Igorskaya) deep-water channel, protected from storms by the high right bank, was explored and mapped in the middle of the 18th century. participants of the Great Northern Expedition, officers of the Russian fleet Fyodor Minin and Khariton Laptev. There is a version that the city originates from the small village of Igorki, the name of which comes from a distortion of the name of the owner of the hunting and fishing grounds, Yegor Shiryaev. Since 1929, a port was built here. I. arose as a center of the sawmill industry and a port for the export of timber, a city since 1931. In the 1930-50s. I. - a place of political and other exile; The city was built mainly by prisoners. In 1941, a fishing plant and a shipyard were built.
The main enterprise of modern India is a lumber mill that processes pine, larch, and cedar wood rafted along the Yenisei into lumber for export. There is a fish factory. Hydrographic base of the Morflot, geological exploration expeditions. Research permafrost station of the Siberian branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences with the Permafrost Museum. Branch of the Institute of Experimental Medicine (for the study and prevention of scurvy). Museum of the history of development of the Yenisei North.
Arctic explorer O. Yu. Schmidt, polar explorer I. D. Papanin, and actress V. N. Pashennaya (organizer of the People's Theater in India in 1936) visited India.
Most of the city is built up with wooden houses; Sidewalks and pavements were also built from wood. Among the monuments are the Stele of Polar Sailors; obelisk to fellow countrymen who died in battles with German fascists and Japanese militarists in 1941-45.
BORODINO, in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, regional subordination, 186 km northeast of Krasnoyarsk. Located at the northern foot of the Eastern Sayan, 18 km southwest of the Zaozernaya railway station on the Krasnoyarsk - Taishet line. Population 18.8 thousand people (1992; 9.8 thousand in 1959; 11.1 thousand in 1979).
Established in 1949 as a coal miners' settlement at the Irsha-Borodinsky coal mine (Kansk-Achinsk basin). It got its name from the village of Borodino (5 km from the modern city), founded by soldiers of the Semenovsky regiment, participants in the Patriotic War of 1812, who served exile here for the performance of the Life Guards in St. Petersburg in 1820. The city has been since 1981. Brown coal mining (mine "Borodinsky"); mechanical repair plant.
BOGOTOL, in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, regional subordination, regional center, 252 km west of Krasnoyarsk. Located on the northern spurs of the Arga ridge, in their southern part. Railway station on the Trans-Siberian Railway. Population 27.3 thousand people (1992; 27.8 thousand in 1979).
It emerged in 1893 as a railway station during the construction of the railway. It got its name from the village of the same name, 8 km from the railway. Since 1911 - a city in the Tomsk province. In modern Belarus: car repair and tool factories; bakery, creamery; household goods factory. People's Locomotive Depot Museum. It is being built up with multi-storey buildings. Near the city there is a brown coal deposit.
ARTEMOVSK, in the Kuraginsky district of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, 862 km south of Krasnoyarsk. Located on the southwestern slopes of the Eastern Sayan, 12 km from the Koshurnikovo railway station on the Abakan - Taishet line. Population 4.5 thousand people (1992; 9.7 thousand in 1959; 6.9 thousand in 1979).
It arose in 1860 in connection with the beginning of gold mining as the village of Olkhovsky near the mine. In 1939 it was transformed into the city of A., named in honor of the revolutionary Artyom (F. A. Sergeev). In modern A. - PA "Yeniseyzoloto". Along with gold, copper and silver are extracted from ore.
Distinctive features. The Krasnoyarsk Territory is located on the border of Western and Eastern Siberia. This is one of the largest regions of Russia, rich in natural resources, including minerals.
The Krasnoyarsk Territory stretches from south to north, and its length along the meridian is almost 3000 km. He was just a little short of reaching the southern borders of Russia, and then he would have cut through the Russian Federation from the cold shores of the Arctic in the north to the Sayan Mountains in the south.
A feature of the region, associated with its large extent, is the diversity of natural zones, landscapes and climate. In the north is the Taimyr Peninsula, where, with the help of the World Wildlife Fund, the largest Great Arctic Nature Reserve in Eurasia was created, covering an area of 4.1 million hectares.
Taimyr patterns. Photo by s-tyamushev2010 (http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/s-tyamushev2010/)
Other interesting sites are the Stolby Nature Reserve - a Mecca for rock climbers, the Shushenskoye Nature Reserve, where the leader of the revolution Vladimir Lenin once served his exile, the Biryusinsky Caves natural complex, the Putorana Plateau, Anashensky Forest and many others.
Maslenitsa in Shushenskoye. Photo by Yuri Spartak Myagky (http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/red-white-fan/)
Despite the vast territories, the Krasnoyarsk lands have not given Russia many famous people. However, some people can be highlighted. For example, Vyacheslav Butusov, vocalist of the cult rock band Nautilus Pompilius.
From an economic point of view, the Krasnoyarsk Territory is a fairly developed region. It is a center of hydropower thanks to the mighty Yenisei River, on which three hydroelectric power stations are built. In the depths of the region there is a myriad of minerals, including 95% of Russian reserves of nickel and platinum group metals, 20% of gold reserves. In the industry of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the first place is occupied by non-ferrous metallurgy - the production of aluminum, nickel, platinum and other metals. There are also many mechanical engineering, chemical and oil refining industries here.
Geographical location. The Krasnoyarsk Territory is located in Eastern Siberia and, accordingly, is the largest region of the Siberian Federal District. The main river is the Yenisei, one of the largest rivers in Siberia. It is in its basin that the main populated areas of the Krasnoyarsk Territory are located. Another important river is the Angara, its tributary. On the right bank of the Yenisei there is the Central Siberian Plateau, and on the left bank there is a lowland.
View of Krasnoyarsk from the Krasnoyarsk Pillars Nature Reserve. Photo by kgv008952 (http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/kgv008952/)
There are 323 thousand lakes in the region, most of which are on the Taimyr Peninsula.
Thanks to its vast territory, the Krasnoyarsk Territory has many neighbors: in the east - the Republic of Sakha, in the south - the Republic of Tyva and the Republic of Khakassia, in the west - the Kemerovo and Tomsk regions, the Khanty-Mansi and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrugs. From the north, the shores of the Krasnoyarsk Territory are washed by the waters of the Kara Sea and the Laptev Sea.
Population Krasnoyarsk Territory - 2846475 people. The region is characterized by low population density (1.2 people/sq. km) and positive natural population growth (1.6 people per 1000 inhabitants). 88% of the population are Russians, 1.39% are Ukrainians, 1.28% are Tatars. There are also many indigenous peoples living here, albeit small in number. For example, these are the Dolgans and Nenets in the north, or the Evenks in the central part.
Although the Krasnoyarsk Territory is large, the bulk of its population (about 80%) lives in a relatively small area south of the Angara, accounting for 10% of the territory of the region. It is here that the entire life of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, its industrial, scientific and cultural potential is concentrated.
Crime. The Krasnoyarsk Territory, like many Siberian regions, is characterized by a high level of crime. In the ranking of regions by crime level, it ranks 12th, which in the first half of 2011 corresponded to 11.25 crimes per thousand residents.
Unemployment rate in the Krasnoyarsk Territory - 5.55%. The average salary in the Krasnoyarsk region is 27,185 rubles. Maybe this is not a very large amount for Siberia, given the high cost of local products and goods. But in some industries wages are much higher. For example, in the field of extraction of fuel and energy resources - 65,486 rubles, in the production of coke, petroleum products and nuclear materials - 54,912 rubles.
Property value in the Krasnoyarsk Territory it is quite high, although Krasnoyarsk is very far from Moscow or Novy Urengoy. The average price per square meter of housing in Krasnoyarsk is 58,785 rubles. per sq. meter. In the Krasnoyarsk suburb of Sosnovoborsk - 42,618 rubles. per sq. meter, in Divnogorsk - 41,721 rubles. per sq. meter. To buy a normal one-room apartment in Krasnoyarsk, you need to have about 2 million rubles, and for a two-room apartment - 2.5 million rubles.
Climate. There are 3 climatic zones in the region: arctic, subarctic and temperate. Since within each of them changes in climatic characteristics are noticeable not only from north to south, but also from west to east, western and eastern climatic regions are distinguished, the border of which runs along the valley of the Yenisei River.
For those who have no idea what icy hell is, there is the city of Dudinka. Photo by nordroden (http://nordroden.livejournal.com/)
The central part of the region is characterized by relatively short hot summers, long cold winters, and rapid temperature changes. In the south of the region there are warm summers and moderately harsh winters with little snow. It is here that favorable conditions have been created for the construction of resorts, sanatoriums and recreation centers, especially since there are many healing springs and lakes.
The average January temperature is −36°C in the north and −18°C in the south, and in July, respectively, +10°C and +20°C. On average, 316 mm of precipitation falls annually, most of it in summer; in the foothills of the Sayan Mountains there is much more: 600-1000 mm.
Cities of the Krasnoyarsk Territory
- capital of the region. Population - 1,016,385 people. Founded in 1628 on the banks of the Yenisei River as the Krasnoyarsk fort. Since then it has become one of the largest economic centers in Siberia. Krasnoyarsk has more than once received awards as “The best city in the CIS” or “The most comfortable city in Russia”.
You can learn about the character of the city's inhabitants from its coat of arms. It depicts a workaholic lion. In his left paw he holds a sickle, and in his right paw he holds a shovel. That is, the right hand does not know what the left hand is doing. Although, as planned, these tools should symbolize agriculture and ore mining. During the Soviet era, a huge number of factories in a variety of industries were built in Krasnoyarsk, many of which are currently not operating. Despite this, Krasnoyarsk remains the largest industrial city in Eastern Siberia.
The second largest city by population (177,738 people) after Murmansk, located beyond the Arctic Circle. Construction of the city began in 1935 next to the Norilsk Mining and Metallurgical Combine. Now the enterprise belongs to the Norilsk Nickel company. Today it is one of the largest enterprises in the world producing palladium, platinum, nickel and other valuable metals. Unfortunately, Norilsk Nickel’s work has had the most terrible impact on the ecology of the city, which is considered one of the dirtiest in Russia. Another problem is the cold arctic climate: summers are short, winters are long, and there is practically no spring.
The third largest city in the Krasnoyarsk Territory (population - 107,583 people) was founded in 1683. For a long time it was a place where exiles, including revolutionaries, served their sentences. In 1970, the Achinsk Alumina Refinery began operations (now part of Russian Aluminum and called RUSAL Achinsk), which became the largest enterprise in the city. In addition to this, there are cement and oil refineries in the city. However, people prefer to leave Achinsk; besides, Krasnoyarsk is very close.
Kansk(92,575 thousand people) - founded in 1628 on the Kan River. After the Siberian Highway passed through the city, it began to develop intensively and became the center of leather craft. But the main component of the city's economy was agriculture. Under the USSR, the situation did not change radically. Yes, several new factories have appeared. But there are few of them. These are mainly enterprises of the food industry (distillery and brewery - how could we live without them?), chemical, and woodworking industries.
(“Krasnoyarsk-26”) is a small city near Krasnoyarsk with a population of 85 thousand people. It appeared in connection with the construction of a plant for the production of weapons-grade plutonium here in 1950. Having become the main enterprise of the city, the mining and chemical plant is a huge underground complex, comparable in scale to the Moscow Metro. Apart from this enterprise, the situation in the city is quite pleasant: there is a large beautiful lake, wide streets, modern houses in new areas. The only problem is that due to nuclear, defense and space industry enterprises, Zheleznogorsk has the status of a closed administrative-territorial entity.
