) and dressmakers. He studied first at an elementary city school, then at a Trade School, where, among other things, they taught commercial sciences, merchandising, and shorthand. In 1911 he dropped out of school (according to the poet, he graduated from school) to help his poor family. He entered the Main Maritime Economic Directorate as a scribe.
In 1915 he was drafted into the army, where he served in the hussar regiment. In 1918 he joined the Red Army and was demobilized in 1922.
N. S. Tikhonov began writing poetry early. The first publication dates back to 1918. In his youth, the poet was a follower of Gumilyov, and also experienced the powerful influence of Kipling's work. In the 1920s, the poet joined the literary association “Serapion Brothers” and published the poem “Themselves”.
The first collections of poems (“Horde” and “Braga”) were published in 1922. The ballads from these collections aroused the greatest reader interest: “The Ballad of Nails”, “The Ballad of the Blue Bag”, “Deserter”. Throughout the 1920s, Tikhonov remained one of the most popular Soviet poets. Lines from his “Ballad of Nails” became famous:
Since the late 1920s, the poet traveled a lot around the country, in particular to the Caucasus. He carefully studied the life and history of the peoples of the Caucasus. He was engaged in translations of Georgian, Armenian, Dagestan poets. Member of the board of the Writers' Publishing House in Leningrad.
In 1935, he went to Western Europe for the first time with the Soviet delegation to the Peace Congress in Paris. Repeatedly makes political statements supporting the line of the Soviet leadership.
Participant in the Soviet-Finnish war of 1939-1940. He headed a group of writers and artists at the newspaper “On Guard of the Motherland.” During the Great Patriotic War he worked in the Political Directorate of the Leningrad Front. He wrote essays and stories, articles and leaflets, poems and appeals. Poems from this period were included in the book “The Year of Fire” (1942), the most famous work of the war years is the poem “Kirov is with us.”
In the post-war period, Tikhonov wrote less, which was due to significant social pressures. In May 1947, as part of the fight against cosmopolitanism, Nikolai Tikhonov criticized I. M. Nusinov’s book “Pushkin and World Literature”, published back in 1941, accusing the author of making Pushkin “look like just an appendage of Western literature” , in admiration for the West, in oblivion that only Russian literature “has the right to teach others a new universal morality,” calling the author “a passportless tramp in humanity.”
Since 1949, Tikhonov was the chairman of the Soviet Peace Committee, and in 1950 he became a member of the SCM Bureau. He visited a number of countries in Europe and Asia as part of Soviet delegations. In 1944-1946 he was chairman of the board of the USSR SP, and since 1946 - deputy general secretary of the USSR SP. Member of the USSR Supreme Council of the 2nd-9th convocations since 1946, the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR and the Moscow City Council. Deputy Chairman of the Committee for Stalin Prizes in the field of literature and art.
In 1966, he was the first among Soviet writers to be awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor.
Tikhonov Nikolai Semenovich, whose biography is connected with Soviet poetry, devoted his entire life to serving not only the Muse, but also his state. For some reason, literary critics classify him as one of the “second echelon” of Russian lyricists, while the poet has his own voice and many creative successes and merits.
Childhood and family
On November 22, 1896, Nikolai Tikhonov was born in St. Petersburg, whose brief biography can be described in one word: “Poet,” and with a capital letter. His origins did not foreshadow the choice of such a path in the future. He came into a very simple and poor family. His father was a simple hairdresser, and his mother was a dressmaker. The family's income was more than modest; there was barely enough money for necessary needs. They lived in the famous house on Morskaya Street, where Pushkin and Herzen once visited. But in Tikhonov’s time it was a house for the poor: small, dark rooms, squalid furnishings. The atmosphere in which the future poet grew up was in no way conducive to the formation of a love for art. Parents literally scraped together pennies to give their children at least a minimal education.
Studies
Tikhonov Nikolai practically learned to read and write on his own at the age of seven. Then the parents found an opportunity and sent the boy to study at a city school on Pochtamtskaya Street. He loved to read, and was especially interested in history and geography. He was then able to continue his education at the Trade School, but at the age of 15 he had to leave it because his family was in dire need of help and he had to go to work. He never had the chance to return to school again. In fact, Tikhonov was self-taught; he drew his knowledge from books; it was fascinating works about distant countries and adventures that pushed him to begin literary activity.
The beginning of the way
After school, Nikolai went to work as a scribe at the Marine Economic Administration. At the age of 19 he went to military service, for three years he served in a hussar regiment, the poet took part in the battles of the First World War. In 1918, after the October Revolution, Tikhonov joined the ranks of the Red Army and for three years defended the rights of the new Soviet state.
Nikolai Tikhonov writes his debut poems very early; at the age of 18 he composed his first works. His first publication appeared when he was 22 years old. In 1922, Nikolai was demobilized from the army and made the fateful decision to become a writer. At this time, he joined the avant-garde and became a member of the Serapion Brothers association together with such authors as V. Kaverin, M. Zoshchenko, K. Fedin, M. Slonimsky. During his formative years, Tikhonov was strongly influenced by Acmeism and N. Gumilyov.
Years of success
In the early 1920s, Nikolai Tikhonov, whose photo often appears in Soviet newspapers, was one of the galaxy of talented and very popular poets. He publishes the poem “Sami”, the collections “Horde” and “Braga”. His “Ballad of Nails” literally breaks down into slogans and quotes. Since the late 20s, Tikhonov has traveled a lot; he has visited the Caucasus, Ukraine, Belarus, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan. He became friends with many poets of the fraternal republics and during this period he made many translations of Georgian, Dagestan, Belarusian, Uzbek, and Ukrainian lyrics. In 1935, he was sent to France to attend the “In Defense of Peace” congress. Since the poet actively supports the line of the party and government, he manages to publish a lot, travel, and speak to the public. In 1939, Tikhonov re-enlisted in the army; he participated in the Russian-Finnish war as the editor of the newspaper “On Guard of the Motherland.” During World War II he worked in the Political Directorate of the Leningrad Front. At this time he wrote a lot of prose and poetry, as well as journalism.
Post-war period
After the end of the war, Nikolai Tikhonov, a poet with a strong civic position, devoted more and more energy to social work. Since 1949, he has headed the Soviet Peace Committee, and then the World Peace Council. At this time, he makes a lot of foreign trips to European countries and China. Since 1944 he has worked as chairman of the Writers' Union of the USSR, then entered the senior ranks of the leadership of this professional union. Since 1946, for many years, he was a deputy of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR and the Moscow City Council. During this period, Tikhonov wrote much less; a lot of his time was spent fighting opponents of the party line. In 1947, he actively joined the fight against cosmopolitanism, criticizing the book “Pushkin and World Literature.” Gradually, his passion for meetings, congresses and performances takes up all his time, obliterating the poet in him.
Poetic heritage
Tikhonov Nikolai Semenovich, whose biography is closely connected with the Soviet regime, left a not very rich, but interesting poetic legacy. He has more than 10 poems in his baggage, the most famous of which are “Sami” and “Vyra”. He created 10 original collections of poetry. The most notable were “Twelve Ballads”, “Braga” and “Shadow of a Friend”. The works of recent decades were too colored by ideology, which greatly reduced their penetration and artistic value. His poetry was always characterized by patriotism; civic pathos was expressed vividly and effectively in them. In the post-war years, he chose the main theme of his work - the life and experiences of the common man. A soldier, a fisherman's son, a peasant - the poet strives to talk about their feelings, love for the Motherland, awareness of involvement in the formation of a great state of people's power and justice.
Prose by N. Tikhonov
In addition to poetry, Nikolai Tikhonov wrote a lot of prose, and some stories and essays surpass his lyrics in terms of talent. His prose is a definite return to childhood dreams and impressions. Thus, the story “Vambery” tells about the adventures of an orientalist and traveler. Some of his stories and stories are reminiscent of R. Kipling. Tikhonov strives to talk about other countries, about the struggle for justice, which is why his works have such great educational power and are often read in schools. During his lifetime, seven collections of short stories and novellas were published, the most notable being “Oath in the Fog,” “Leningrad Stories,” and “Double Rainbow.” In the last decade, Tikhonov has been writing memoirs; they were published in the book “The Writer and the Epoch” in 1972. His journalistic heritage is of great interest. The works of the war period in the collection “Nomads” talk about the heroism of ordinary people, about overcoming themselves in the name of an idea.
Awards and achievements
Nikolai Tikhonov was repeatedly awarded by the USSR government for his patriotic activities. He is the only person who, besides L.I. Brezhnev, was awarded the Lenin Prize and the International Lenin Prize “For Strengthening Peace Between Nations.” In 1966, he was the first writer to receive the honorary title of Hero of Socialist Labor. He was awarded three times and was marked three times with the Order of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner, the October Revolution, the Patriotic War, and the Red Banner of Labor. Nikolai Semenovich was also a laureate of many awards, including international ones, and twice received State Prizes.
Public position
Nikolai Semenovich Tikhonov was an active defender of Soviet power all his life. He advocated its ideals in his lyrics, as well as from various public platforms. He supported the party line, but at the same time did not support the accusations against Akhmatova and Zoshchenko, and paid for this with the post of chairman of the Writers' Union. But in 1973, he, along with other writers, signed a letter that supported accusations against A. Sakharov and A. Solzhenitsyn of anti-Soviet actions.
Personal life
Nikolai Tikhonov, whose biography was marked by creative ups and downs, lived a completely prosperous life, managing to avoid many of the troubles that beset other poets on their way to literature. He managed to go through four wars without even being seriously injured. He was friends with many modern writers; even after disgrace, he could always come to his house and find friendly participation there. Maria Konstantinovna Neslukhovskaya became the poet’s faithful companion. She was an artist and worked in a puppet theater for many years. His wife had a strong influence on Tikhonov’s development; in fact, she was involved in his development and education, which he was unable to receive. The couple lived together for more than 50 years. The couple had no children. In 1975, Maria Konstantinovna died, and four years later Nikolai Semenovich also left. The poet is buried in the cemetery in Peredelkino. A street in Makhachkala is named in his honor.
Nikolay Tikhonov
Polonskaya and Tikhonov are the only poets among the Serapions (there is no talk about the young Posner and N. Chukovsky). “Horde” and “Braga” have many things in common with “Signs” and “Under the Stone Rain” - balladry, Gumilev’s poetic roots, concrete details, clarity of verse, romantic worldview. Before Serapion, Polonskaya studied at the Gumilyov Studio, and Tikhonov was part of the “Islanders” group; Having become Brothers, they became friends - they were united by the order, the passion for travel (Tikhonov’s was more exotic and ardent), and the similarity of poetic principles. The twenties are the golden time of their friendship, the time of the best books and unclouded hopes.
The inscriptions on Tikhonov’s books, then presented to Polonskaya, confirm this. I will give just a few.
On "Braga" (1922):
“To my dear friend and poet Elizaveta Grigorievna.
Where clouds thunder and collide,
If not over our heads.
N. Tikhonov."
On "Twelve Ballads" (1925):
“To my dear sister Lisa Polonskaya. Please take these 12 “venyas” and hide them away... N. Tikhonov.”
On "Reds on the Araks" (1927):
“To the oldest friend Red Lisa on Aragva -
With extraordinary love - Old Devil, Living in Rest Nick. Tikhonov.
1927 IV 15. Leningrad."
On "Risky Man" (1927):
“To Lisa Polonskaya from the possessed dervish, with love - don’t be scared, Lisa, he’s just pretending to be scary. In the year of the prophet's flight, 1305.
N. Tikhonov."
On "The Hero's Quest" (1927):
“Monna Lisa, the heroine of “Under the Stone Rain” from the hero of “Search” with love N. Tikhonov. 1927 16/X"…
And here is Polonskaya’s characteristic inscription on her book “Stubborn Calendar”:
“To my dear friend without time and change - Nikolai Tikhonov, with tender love. Ate. Polonskaya 24 / XI - 28"
In the 1930s, the times, the situation in the country, and in literature changed dramatically. On June 3, 1934, Shaginyan wrote to Polonskaya about Tikhonov:
“I read Kolya’s speech in Literary Newspaper. It is good in that it showed our philosophical leaders what poetry is (they don’t know), but it is not nearly as good as I expected from him. And I was very angry with Kolya for not mentioning you. I consider this such rudeness, in general, on the part of Leningraders, that there is nowhere else to go.”
Speaking at the First Congress of Soviet Writers, Tikhonov corrected himself and mentioned “women in leather jackets, with rifles” - in the poems of E. Polonskaya, but at the last moment E. G. herself was deprived of even an advisory voice at the congress. What happened next was such that the former literary and human friendship of the poets seemed incredible... When Emma Vygodskaya died in 1949 and her son remained unsettled, Polonskaya informed Shaginyan that her friends “want to write to Tikhonov to help in Emma’s memory, but I, despite all my weakness for Nikolai, I don’t believe that he would want to do anything, even if he could.”
This is what you have become, my dear:
Indifferent, gray, angry.
But I was friends with you. -
With the daring, brave, young... -
this is how the poem began, written by Polonskaya in January 1957 in Peredelkino... And Tikhonov continued to write her cheerful, carefree letters and congratulate her on all official holidays...
Glorious and wonderful
Your letter about St. Petersburg arrived on time, just in time. Looks like we found out what you did there. How is this so? Flood - in broad daylight! How many manuscripts did Misha get wet? Did Ilya, who was the first Khvostov to describe the “element”, drown? remember:
Already sang in immortal verses
The misfortune of the Neva banks.
Has Tiflis been reflected in your work? - Reflected - what to do here. I'm stuck in Novorossiysk now. I think 1-2 to move to the North. Enough - the grapes here are disgusting, the melons are gone, the peaches are rotten, everything is expensive, only cheap heat - even at night; You can't sleep - it's stuffy.
I write with coolness. I wrote a long poem about the Araks, our border river, you know? Now I really miss Peter, you, Kostya Vaginov (what’s wrong with him) his book needs to be brought to light in the fall at all costs, what about the Union of Poets, I wonder? Did he drown too or is he still floating?
I think there's a lot of things to do there. I’m writing a small poem now, very small - there’s a little bit of everything. I have developed essays - there will be 3-4 sheets of paper.
The names alone are worth it:
Zages and around,
Geghard - todzor - (spear gorge),
Gardens and orchards, etc.
But I won’t get rich from the essays, because they will partly go towards my Moscow advances.
You certainly thirst for the truth about Armenia. Please: Armenia is a magnificent country, you can breathe there. Between you and me, this is a desert. "A ruin covered with coffins." But you can really walk and run through the ruins.
The crowd there is funny. I saw Saryan, Chalkhushyan, Charents, the famous Arshaluys, Ararat, gardens, melons with a camel's head, camels, nomads, fences, cemeteries, miniatures of the 9th century and monasteries of the 12th.
I walked 100 miles through the mountains - then returned to Tiflis, after your heroic retreat from it, and covered the Georgian Military Road. Instead of a ship to a ball: 200 miles by car refreshed my hot head a little. From there - devil take my feet - with great difficulties, through Vladikavkaz and Krasnodar, I ended up in Novorossiysk.
Tell Misha, I was in Gelendzhik - it was the monkfish that took me there, not the land devil. 40 versts in the water on a boat with a fever. In Armenia, even snakes have malaria. I ate 100 grams. Hina. In the end I got so used to it that I sprinkled it on my bread and ate it.
I traveled with an Englishman, Mr. Norcott, the dirtiest man in the world. Relatively, of course. He destroyed all ideas about the English as clean. I really wanted him to return to Erivan without trousers, but he still came in rags.
Adding up all my trips I get a minus for a minus - in algebra this gives a plus. And thanks for that. How are you doing, wonderful? I hope to receive answers orally in St. Petersburg. We will operate the St. Petersburg flood together.
Kiss Misha and Shura. Hello Serapions. Bow to their Almanac. Hello Sadofiev. I'll bring him a letter.
N. Tikhonov.
In Tiflis I met Yesenin. He wrote 2 balalaika-hero poems - from cannons to sparrows.
Dear Lisa.
For next year or any other - but put Shura in, send Misha somewhere, provide for mom, pay off the servants, say goodbye to friends and wave here. This is not the Caucasus, although it is also disastrous. Here are Timur and Uzbeks and Christians and Basmachi. Here are all the joys and all the pains. Mosques like ours in Leningrad are an architectural miscarriage. Such fruit is a peach the size of an orange. Even eating is unpleasant. They say to you “and selam - alaikum” and you answer: “valei - kum - and - selyam”, you drink green tea, eat ice with bekmess, climb on your stomach into caves and climb mountains, also on your stomach - there are whole deposits of Sisyphus here, no matter what man is Sisyphus, even boring. They blow such trumpets that it’s downright scary - an entire minaret. The beauties are like those in The Thief of Baghdad. There's nowhere else to go.
Hi all. Kiss. Live and have fun.
Nick. Tikhonov.
Dear Lisa.
We were in the abysses of the earth, we climbed to the peaks, we spent the night in smoky cells on the ledges of the mountains, we deceived the natives, we were deceived by the natives, we were almost eaten by octopuses and eagles, we ate “trout” and drank ayran. In a word, we traveled, we were blissful. My back has calluses from the pack, my legs are burned, my hair is black, and my nose shines with all the beauty of a slave.
Now we are lying under the palm trees in Khosta. Our company broke up. Some are no longer there, and those are far away. Kaverin disappeared to no one knows where, Luknitsky - into the sea, on schooners. Marusya and I are going to Batum. Hello Shura. You are the lucky ones. You will see Japanese, Kabuki and so on. Please write to Novorossiysk. Marusya kisses.
N. Tikhonov.
Dear Lisa.
I'm leaving for Turkmenistan with the shock brigade. It’s very unclear what I will do there? “I can’t even imagine the area where I’ll end up, but the urgency is a carriage.” I really regret that I didn’t see you before leaving. Make sure you're on your feet when I return. I was waiting for you, but I never did. I will return at least by May 1, maximum in the second half of May, if you really believe Khalatov and that he will send Sun. Ivanov in the form of a little girl with a pink ribbon and scissors in her hands to cut a lace or ribbon when opening Turksib, as it is written in Litgazeta. One way or another, I disappear. Look, Lisa, take care of your health. Hello Shura and Paparigopoulo.
When I come back, we’ll arrange an evening of memories - I’ll read you a new story, although you’ll read it yourself in No. 3 of the Star. The story is trivial.
Dear Lisa.
Greetings. I am very glad that my house contributed to your good mood, and as for hospitality, your house is full of the same. But I agree with you, we have forgotten how to write letters. The era of radio, telephone, telegraph - nothing can be done.
I received your letter on the eve of departure. Finally, freed a little from endless affairs and literary debts, I’m leaving for Lithuania. I want to take a breath of fresh air, but Marusya asks to go into the forest. Well, Lithuania is a forest kingdom. I don’t have time to get to the Nevka this year.
Now about your Pakistani affairs. It seems to me that you should translate the rest of the poems in this small collection, otherwise it turns out to be a bit of a bummer. The Soviet reader does not know a single line about Pakistani poetry, and 3 poems next to Redza Rowfi’s promising preface will not make the first interesting impression that they should have made. I think technically it’s not difficult to get the rest. Apletin will be happy to send interlinear translations (they are not in Urdu, but in English, as far as I understand).
As for the preface, it needs to be translated in its entirety as a sample of the mood and poetic tastes of today's Pakistani poets. I will return to Moscow on the fifteenth of September and will write to you right away.
How did you manage to receive a fee from Moscow?<овского>Goslitizdat through the Literary Fund? Upon my return, I could not unravel this tangle and did not understand anything from Evgenov’s explanations. It’s as if Sofronov should help you with this. How did it end? How's your novel?
Wait, I’ll do it differently - I’ll write to you from Vilnius when the plan for my vacation is clear to me, so that you can answer me. I don’t know anything now - what will happen. Yes, I will write to you because otherwise I won’t receive an answer from you for a long time.
Marusya and all my children and household hug you. My heartfelt greetings to Shura and Misha and to your entire home.
N. Tikhonov.
Dear Lizochka.
I congratulate you on the New Year on behalf of my entire clan, which you know so well, I wish you, Sasha, Misha and the whole family a good, good year
We passed through years under the rain of stones and saw things that others would never even dream of. Our generation turned out to be strong in the spirit of the era, which is rushing forward with all its might. I wish you happiness in all your endeavors. Marusya kisses you deeply.
Nikolai Tikhonov.
Dear Lisa.
I congratulate you on the New Year, you and your entire clan, starting with Shura and ending with the young generation leaving for the future.
Our entire house, led by Marusya, welcomes you and wishes you and all yours a good, happy year.
I rode until I dropped last year and remembered you more than once in my travels. You translated Kipling and I did not know then that Maulmein, “near the pagoda of Moulmein,” has nothing in common with Mandalay, “Mandalay, where the Ships anchor.” How long ago it was and how everything was resurrected yesterday when I was in Mandalay and saw the Irrawaddy with my own eyes. Now India, Burma, and Afghanistan - my countries - have come into play and I am heartily glad that this is so.
I kiss you deeply and wish you good luck in everything in the New Year.
On behalf of the entire clan
Nikolai Tikhonov.
Dear Lizochka.
Greetings.
If you had not stayed in Peredelkino and were already walking freely, then you would have come to my dacha and looked after me, because an idiotic story happened to me that I could not even imagine in advance.
I, choking on tea, yes, yes, in perfect memory and in a bright mind, jumped up, choked, coughed and fell unconscious, like a Moorish oak or just like a log.
My blood flowed like Kakheti No. 8 from a wineskin, only in color it was more like early Teliani. After the newly-minted Antey came to his senses, after coming into contact with the floor of his dacha, he was 100% unfit for representation.
Then the doctors appeared. Three angels in white coats, hiding their wings in suitcases, attacked me with the fury of the first explorers of an unknown country.
But then they behaved a little quieter and said that I was completely overtired, that I choked on my tea by accident, but it was no coincidence that I could plop down anywhere with such overwork. Having forbidden me all types of mental sports and prescribed rest, a ban on all meetings and conferences, speeches and speeches, they left.
So I stay in Peredelkino, in complete silence, sorting through the archives, reading Sherlock Holmes and playing backgammon.
But still, I think that I will be in Leningrad for the anniversary, and I will tell you different stories if, as you can see, they have a good effect on your health.
Heartfelt greetings from me and Marusya and the whole house, led by Shura and Misha.
I hope that you feel completely well and don’t go to bed anymore.
Be happy and healthy!
Yours, Nikolai Tikhonov.
P.S. They just reported that things are very bad for Volodya Lugovsky in Yalta. This is the real problem. A second heart attack is no joke!
Dear friends Lizochka, Dusya, Misha!
I was very naive, believing that in 9 days I would fit in time so that I would see everything and everyone. Where there!
Now I see that there are still so many more days missing to come to Komarovo and do many more things in the city.
It's terribly addictive. In the morning the avalanche grows and by the evening she hangs there barely alive with the anticipation of a new avalanche in the morning.
Now things have begun to protect the world. Kotov came from Helsinki and yesterday we held a citywide meeting - about 800 people. Then there were various conversations and negotiations. This morning I presented certificates of peace to the “defenders” of the Leningrad Committee and after new meetings and official meetings, we are leaving.
The Dragon of Every Day awaits in Moscow, in this case the Committee for Prizes in the Field of Arts and Literature.
I really regret that I didn’t see you, but I’ll come in about a month, in the second half of March, and then we’ll definitely see each other. I’m still in a hurry to get to Moscow - Marusya has a bad flu and she’s feeling very unwell... I’m sending you my best wishes.
With constant love
N. Tikhonov.
Lisa dear!
I greet you warmly. Marusya too!
I received your memories and read them, transporting myself to long-past, wonderful times. What mountains of time separate us from the easy days of Tbilisi! They are still alive in my memory. You resurrected the already non-existent Tbilisi and the lovely people who grew old with us. I still don’t know if they are alive now or if they can only be met while walking in the Champs Elysees.
I relived our walks again, so young and so impressive. But I forgot something about the last evening. After all, having agreed on the evening, I left for Yerevan before that. In Yerevan, my Armenian friends showed me a newspaper, from which I learned that there was a Menshevik uprising in Georgia, and that there was no talk of any evenings. Only when I returned to Tbilisi did I meet one of the poets and, of course, did not touch upon this topic, but the poet himself said that the evening took place. It took place on the day the state of siege was lifted. Georgian “Blue Horns” and proletarian poets performed, including Russians. “And you,” said the poet, “were replaced by an invited brass band, which played during the break. And everything went well."
I was glad that everything ended so happily. I was traveling along the Georgian Military Road with prosecutor Nemchinov and we had various adventures along the way. I described this road in my poem - “The Road”. The mtsyri we met on Zages also found a place there.
In general, there was a lot of everything and everyone, but in general there was more good stuff.
You wrote freely and easily about Zoshchenko, it’s a pity that it’s not enough.
How do you live? What are you doing?
We somehow live in worries, work, troubles. The frosts have stuck. I like them up to 25 degrees. 30 degrees is too much, over 30 is barbarism and a natural disgrace.
Now I’m spending my days in the city, as the first session of the Lenin Prize Committee is underway. Difficult and tedious - this year is difficult and incomprehensible...
Our people are all healthy, but the cold is not their thing either... They say that in Leningrad there are also severe frosts and piercing winds.
Thank you for your congratulations. February 1 is a good memory, but a sad one. “Which of us will have to celebrate the last day of the Lyceum alone?” There are five of us left - two in Leningrad, three in Moscow. Poor Fedin is busy with his sore legs, he is being treated with injections, Venya seems to be holding on, but he has aged a little, I am still wandering, but I am overwhelmed with business and work and am exhausted. Hold on, dear Lisa, we need to hold on. I don’t know about Misha Slonimsky. At one time he was preoccupied with his eyes?
All around you can only hear the clattering of the dice of anniversaries - some are 60, some are 70, and some are 80. Time keeps a merciless count on its ringing abacus!
When we gather for our writers’ congress, we will see how our ranks have thinned...
We must work and work! Long live the new Spring, which is just around the corner! Long live Life! Let the cold and darkness disappear!
Hello to the whole family!
We remember and love!
Be healthy, safe and please write!
Nikolai Tikhonov.
Dear Liza!
I was very glad to receive a letter from you! And when I returned from Leningrad, I fell ill with the flu and it began to torment me, and only now I have come to my senses and am returning to work.
This year, or rather last year, I didn’t rest at all. One event followed others and gradually I felt as Kostya Vaginov once wrote:
Fatigue in the body
Roams the planes!
This fatigue, along with the flu, brought me down. Now we have severe frosts - 25-26 during the day - 32-33 at night! These frosts hit the flu and it began to wane. Half of Moscow got sick. They say that in Leningrad there is also flu and frost.
Of course, we will still be on our feet and will meet the New Spring and see you in Leningrad and sit differently than at the ceremonial meeting...
Time passes quickly! This summer our Misha Slonimsky will be 70, and in February of this year Fedin Kostya will be 75 years old.
New generations come into the world, and the world is again in a fog of incomprehensibility and surprises.
The Chinese, or rather those who are fighting for power there, can throw out God knows what perverted provocations. We have to start a fight - where? - at the door of the Mausoleum!
We, old people, have already seen so much in our lifetime that nothing will surprise us, but still a lot is unexpected and turns everything upside down.
Well, let’s hope that the most important thing is that we will defend peace, and we will spend this “anniversary” year without any special complications.
Maria Konstantinovna doesn’t tolerate the cold very well, so I don’t take her to Moscow in the cold, but keep her at the dacha, where it can be kept warm and where it’s quiet and it’s difficult to reach us by phone! And in the city there is endless bustle and noise...
In a month I will finish my book of “Asian Stories” and say goodbye to the era of Asia that I witnessed. Now different times are coming - continuous crises... Poor Vietnam! There, apparently, little survived after continuous bombing...
Thank you for your letter!
Be healthy and prosperous!
Hello to your family!
Marusya hugs you. Me too!
Nikolai Tikhonov.
P.S. If you have time and mood, write about yourself and Leningrad, please!
The dedicatory inscription of N. S. Tikhonov to A. G. Movshenson on the book: Nikolai Tikhonov. "Horde". Poems 1920–1921 (“Islanders.” Pb. 1922).
“To dear Shura, who registers in the queue of world writers from Solomon and the Queen of Sheba to Brecht, the author of 1924 brings the most disorganized book.”
Draft of N. Tikhonov’s poem “Draft of Character” (1924).
From the book Memories author Mandelstam Nadezhda YakovlevnaKolya Tikhonov Nikolai Tikhonov, a poet, always spoke with conviction, loudly, and expressively. He knew how to conquer people and was one of the soul catchers and seducers. His arrival in literature was greeted joyfully: Kolya is young, Kolya is alive, Kolya is spontaneous... He is a new person, he
From the book Memoirs of Contemporaries about A.P. Chekhov author Chekhov Anton PavlovichA. SEREBROV (TIKHONOV) - ABOUT CHEKHOV I In the Ural estates of Savva Morozov, they were preparing for the arrival of the owner. The manager of the estate - “Uncle Kostya”, an efficient fat man, similar to Mr. Pickwick, although he was just Morozov’s clerk, for the second week he rushed from one
From the book Circles of Life author Vitkovich VictorN. Tikhonov - not at the table I published a story in 1930 in the magazine “Zvezda”. The editor of Zvezda was Nikolai Semenovich Tikhonov. The editorial office was located in Leningrad, on Nevsky, in the House of Books. For the rest of my life I remembered the lesson that Nikolai Semenovich gave me then. He never
From the book Memoirs of Ilya Ehrenburg author Erenburg Ilya GrigorievichNikolai Tikhonov Outstanding fighter for peace This book, dedicated to the memories of Ilya Grigorievich Erenburg, will tell a lot about the writer, his life and work. I want to limit myself to memories that are associated with his activities as an outstanding fighter for peace. Back in 1935
From the book How Idols Left. The last days and hours of people's favorites author Razzakov FedorTIKHONOV VLADIMIR TIKHONOV VLADIMIR (film actor: “Young” (1971), “Russian Field” (1972), “Colonel Zorin’s Version” (1979), etc.; died in the summer of 1990 at the age of 40. Tikhonov’s early departure from life was predetermined by many circumstances. But the main one is fatherlessness.
From the book Tenderness author Razzakov FedorTIKHONOV SERGEY TIKHONOV SERGEY (film actor: “Business People” (1963), “The Tale of Malchish-Kibalchish” (1965), “Dubravka” (1968); died in the very early 70s. Seryozha Tikhonov was the most popular actor - as a teenager in the 60s. Despite the fact that he starred in only three films, two
From the book Memory That Warms Hearts author Razzakov FedorVyacheslav TIKHONOV The future Stirlitz met his first love in his native Pavlovsky Posad, when he was in high school. It was Yulia Rossiyskaya, she was in a class below Vyacheslav. Stately and beautiful, many guys liked Julia, but her heart was given only to Tikhonov.
From the book To the Heights. Chronicle of Soviet mountaineering author Rototaev Pavel SergeevichVladimir TIKHONOV The son of a “star” couple, Vyacheslav Tikhonov and Nonna Mordyukova, was born extremely handsome: he had a slender figure, dark hair and eyes, regular facial features. And the girls began to like Volodya back at school. And when he entered Teatralnoye
From the book The Most Closed People. From Lenin to Gorbachev: Encyclopedia of Biographies author Zenkovich Nikolay AlexandrovichTIKHONOV Vladimir TIKHONOV Vladimir (film actor: “The Path to Saturn” (1967), “Crane” (1968; Sergei Lukonin), “About Love” (Petya Jr.), “Young” (Vadim) (both 1971), “Russian Field” (1972; the main role is the son of the main character, Philip Ugryumov), “Two Days of Alarm” (1974; correspondent Diaghilev),
From the book The Fates of the Serapions [Portraits and Stories] author Frezinsky Boris YakovlevichTIKHONOV Vyacheslav TIKHONOV Vyacheslav (film actor: “The Young Guard” (1948; Volodya Osmukhin), “In Peaceful Days” (1951), “Maksimka” (1953), “We Can’t Forget About This” (1954), “Stars on the Wings” (1955; main role – Oleksa Lavrinets), “The Heart Beats Again” (1956; main role – doctor Leonid
From the book My Life Sold for a Song [collection] author Yesenin Sergey AlexandrovichTIKHONOV Sergei TIKHONOV Sergei (film actor: “Business People” (1963; main role – the Leader of the Redskins), “The Tale of Malchish-Kibalchish” (1965; main role – Malchish-Bad Man), “Dubravka” (1968); died in the early 70s). Seryozha Tikhonov was the most popular teenage actor in the 60s.
From the book The Greatest Actors of Russia and the USSR author Makarov AndreyInstead of a preface. Nikolai Tikhonov Many different books about mountaineering, about its masters and individual ascents, appeared in the Soviet years. But P. S. Rototaev’s book “To the Heights” occupies a special place among them. It's like a small encyclopedia telling about
From the author's bookTIKHONOV Nikolai Alexandrovich (05/01/1905 - 06/01/1997). Member of the Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee from November 27, 1979 to October 15, 1985. Candidate member of the Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee from November 27, 1978 to November 27, 1979. Member of the CPSU Central Committee in 1966 - 1989. Candidate member of the CPSU Central Committee in 1961 - 1966. Member of the CPSU since 1940. Born in Kharkov in the family of an engineer. Russian.
From the author's book9. Last brother Nikolai Tikhonov (1896–1979) Nikolai Semenovich Tikhonov was born in St. Petersburg into the family of a hairdresser, studied at a Trade School, and served as a scribe in the Maritime Economic Administration. As a child, he read a lot of books - a passion for adventure, geography and history overwhelmed him very early.
From the author's bookNikolai Tikhonov From meetings with Yesenin One spring morning I walked with Yesenin along the Moscow streets. We were late and had to hurry. After a sleepless night, when a lot of things were heatedly discussed, we only had ordinary morning words at our disposal. Suddenly Yesenin
From the author's book27. Vyacheslav Tikhonov Vyacheslav Vasilyevich was born on 02/08/28 in Pavlovsky Posad in the family of a factory worker and a kindergarten teacher. At the age of 13 he went to a vocational school, and upon graduation he became a turner at a military factory, but secretly from his parents he dreamed of becoming an artist. After the war
Tikhonov, Nikolai Semenovich- Nikolai Semenovich Tikhonov. Tikhonov, Nikolai Semenovich TIKHONOV Nikolai Semenovich (1896 1979), Russian writer. Poems: “Themselves” (1920) about V.I. Lenin, “Kirov with us” (1941) about the defenders of Leningrad. In the lyrics there is a romance of revolutionary duty (collections... ... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary
Tikhonov Nikolay Semenovich- (18961979), writer, public figure, Hero of Socialist Labor (1966). Secretary of the USSR SP (since 1944). Born in St. Petersburg. In 1911 he graduated from the St. Petersburg Trade School. Served as a scribe in the Main Maritime Economic Directorate.... ... Encyclopedic reference book "St. Petersburg"
- (1896 1979), writer, public figure, Hero of Socialist Labor (1966). Secretary of the USSR SP (since 1944). Born in St. Petersburg. In 1911 he graduated from the St. Petersburg Trade School. Served as a scribe in the Main Maritime Economic Directorate. IN… … St. Petersburg (encyclopedia)
- (1896 1979), Russian writer, public figure. The pathos of life affirmation, the romance of revolutionary duty, the ideals of internationalism in poems about the Civil and Great Patriotic Wars (collections “Horde” and “Braga”, both 1922; the poem “Kirov with us” ... encyclopedic Dictionary
TIKHONOV Nikolay Semenovich- (18961979), Russian Soviet writer, Hero of Socialism. labor (1967). Prev. Sov. Peace Committee (194979). Poems “Themselves” (1921), “Face to Face” (1924), “The Road” (1925), “Kirov with Us” (1941; State Ave. USSR, 1942) and others. Cycles of poems: ... ... Literary encyclopedic dictionary
- ... Wikipedia
- (November 22 (December 4) 1896 (18961204), St. Petersburg February 8, 1979, Moscow) Soviet writer, poet, publicist, public figure. Contents 1 Biography ... Wikipedia
TIKHONOV, NIKOLAY SEMENOVICH(1896–1979), Russian Soviet writer, public figure. Hero of Socialist Labor (1966), laureate of the International Lenin Prize “For Strengthening Peace Among Nations” (1957), Lenin Prize (1970) and State Prizes of the USSR (1942, 1949, 1952). Born on December 4, 1896 in St. Petersburg in the family of a men's hairdresser and dressmaker. Studied at the 1st primary school named after. M.M. Stasyulevich. He graduated from the Alekseevsk Trade School of the St. Petersburg Merchant Society (1911). He served as a scribe in the Main Maritime Economic Administration of Petrograd.
During the First World War he volunteered for the front, fought in a hussar regiment (1915–1918), and was shell-shocked. After being demobilized in the spring of 1918, “he was a carpenter, worked in general training, and played as an actor” ( Autobiography), but already in the fall of 1918 he volunteered for the Red Army. He first served in the 1st Soviet company named after. K. Liebknecht, later in the 1st Infantry Regiment named after. M.I.Kalinina. The first publications date back to this time (a poem, a story were published in the Niva magazine Miracle and story Prospectors), although he started writing earlier, his first poem was composed at the age of fourteen. After demobilization from the Red Army (1922), he settled in the “House of Arts” and attended classes taught by N.S. Gumilev. He was accepted into the literary association “Serapion Brothers”, was a member of the literary community “Islanders”, in the organization of which he took an active part.
Fame came to the poet after the publication of books Horde. Poems 1920–1921 And Braga. Second book of poems. 1921–1922(both 1922), and the first was published with the help of another “islander”, S. Kolbasiev, at his own expense (“2 pairs of underwear and 2 saddles”). Imbued with the pathos of creation, pictures of war and the construction of a new world, precise, energetic and dry verse (the main role was given to plot ballads), the joy of existence - all this made Tikhonov one of the leaders of modern poetry, his style was imitated, his intonations colored many poetic works of that time. The poet was one of the first to turn to Lenin’s theme; the most characteristic poems Sami(1920) and Face to face(1924), and the topic was not revealed in a straightforward manner: in the first of these poems, the leader of the Russian revolution is seen through the eyes of an Indian boy, who does not even know how to correctly pronounce the name of the famous revolutionary, and therefore Lenin’s image takes on the mythological features of a defender of all the oppressed.
Tikhonov’s prose is also of interest, for example the story Vambery(1925), the only lengthy description in Russian of the life and works of the famous traveler and orientalist. Tale From sea to sea(1926) the very title itself, borrowed from R. Kipling, who so called a book of essays about a trip around the world, demonstrates Tikhonov’s affections and literary preferences. Tikhonov’s stories about animals, which he wrote all his life, are extremely entertaining, full of amazing details, some of them are included in the collection War horses(1927). But the writer paid the main attention to modernity, the transforming world, which is also the subject of the poetic works in the collection Search for a hero. Poems 1923–1926(1927), and prose works included in the book of stories Risky man(1927). A poem cycle is dedicated to the changes taking place in Central Asia Yurga(1930), Turkmenistan is described in a book of essays Nomads(1930). Tikhonov knows perfectly well what he is writing about: a tireless traveler, mountaineer, he traveled around the entire Soviet Union, and subsequently visited many countries abroad. Special connections connected the poet with Georgian writers; the collection is dedicated to the people and nature of the Caucasus Poems about Kakheti(1935). Tikhonov translated many hundreds of poetic lines written by Georgian poets into Russian (he also translated poems by poets of the USSR and foreign authors). In 1935 he took part in the Paris Congress in Defense of Progress and Peace, reflecting his impressions of a trip to Western Europe in a collection of poems Shadow friend (1936).
A brave man and loyal to comradeship, Tikhonov was not afraid to stand up for repressed writers, interceded for N.A. Zabolotsky, and he himself figured in the case of a counter-revolutionary group of Leningrad writers. He was saved from arrest by the Soviet-Finnish War of 1939–1940, when Tikhonov supervised the work of writers at the newspaper “On Guard of the Motherland.”
During the Great Patriotic War, during the Leningrad blockade, the poet was in the besieged city, worked as a journalist, spoke on the radio, and headed a group of writers at the Political Directorate of the Leningrad Front. Works of this period - poem Kirov is with us(1941), book of poems Fire year, Leningrad stories, essays Leningrad takes the fight(all 1942) - were warmly received by readers and received high praise.
In 1944, appointed chairman of the board of the Union of Writers of the USSR, Tikhonov moved to Moscow. However, already in 1946, after the release of the Central Committee resolution on the magazines “Zvezda” and “Leningrad”, where several very harsh lines were also dedicated to him, he was removed from this post. In general, his life was going quite well. His books were regularly published and reprinted, including a collection of poems Georgian spring(1948), collection of poems Two streams(1951), collection of memoir short stories Double Rainbow(1964), collection of stories and short stories Six columns(1968). Tikhonov held high positions and leadership positions: secretary of the USSR Writers' Union (since 1944), deputy of the Supreme Council of the USSR (since 1946), chairman of the Soviet Peace Committee (1949–1979), member of the World Peace Council. For his social activities he was awarded numerous prizes, including the Indian J. Nehru Prize.
The influence of Tikhonov’s work on Soviet literature is undeniable. One of the most well-read Russian writers, the owner of a unique library that was destroyed in a fire, which contained books on Eastern mysticism and philosophy published in several languages, he was also an unsurpassed oral storyteller. Poems written shortly before his death, combined into a cycle Songs of every day, a kind of poetic diary, are distinguished by their simplicity and natural intonation.
