Types of windows by shape. Varieties of plastic windows - how to choose the right one

Yesterday I had a hard day - a lot of orders, a lot of household chores. In general, at the end of the day the forces were gone. But the visit to one grandmother was very memorable. Her window frame was blown out by a strong wind. Everyone thought it was better for her.
She was more inclined towards the idea of ​​replacing plastic windows, but her neighbors at the entrance told her that they were harmful to health.

Friends, so that you do not have such misconceptions, now I will tell you in detail about the plastic window - what it consists of and what materials are used in the manufacture.

The design of a plastic window - what it consists of, the purpose of the elements

All familiar plastic windows consist of a number of elements, these are PVC profile, double-glazed windows, fittings, sealing contours, glazing beads, drainage, window sill, slopes.

As a result, the device of a plastic window turns out to be very complicated. For example, a PVC profile that looks like a smooth bar (this definition allows GOST 30673-99) hides many complex technical solutions inside.

Construction of plastic windows

Modern PVC window systems are manufactured according to the principle of a designer, which opens up unlimited possibilities in the production of translucent structures of any configuration. The advantages of PVC systems are well known:

• relatively low weight compared to wood, aluminum and wood-aluminum;
• durability and reliability;
• high consumer properties;
• various opening options: rotary, tilt-and-turn, folding, sliding;
• ease of care;
• affordable price.

The debate about which windows are better is unlikely to end in the foreseeable future.

Yes, this happens with a PVC profile, but at temperatures at which any person will be forced to leave the room long ago.

Plastic window - what it consists of

The design of plastic windows includes two main elements - a profile and a double-glazed window. After measuring the dimensions of the opening, a window frame is made by specialists in production. It accounts for about 10% of the total construction area.

Let's consider the window elements consisting of the selected chamber profile:

• frame - a box welded at the corners, which is rigidly fixed in the opening;
• sashes - structural elements that allow part of the window to open;
• impost - a fixed element that divides the box into parts and provides additional rigidity; distinguish between vertical and horizontal imposts.

Inside the profile there are several air chambers, their number varies from three to six.

The width and thickness of the profile also differ. In the main chamber of the profile, during manufacture, a reinforcing insert is laid - a reinforcing profile, which also has different characteristics. The sound and heat insulation properties of the window system, as well as its strength, largely depend on all these parameters.

Other important elements of the window are the glass and the sealing contour. From two or three glasses make a sealed double-glazed window - a translucent part of the structure.

Double-glazed windows differ:

• According to production technology (today standard and “warm edge” are used).
• By the number of chambers: a double-glazed window from two glasses is called single-chamber, from three - two-chamber.

A perforated aluminum or plastic frame (spacer) is installed between the glasses, in which a desiccant or molecular sieve is placed. The double-glazed window is fixed with glazing beads made of additional profile.

According to the types of glass used, which today, in addition to ordinary glasses of different thicknesses, there are many varieties. Manufacturers select glass for the main function of a double-glazed window: noise insulation, energy saving, protection from sunlight.

Note!

By thickness. Manufacturers produce double-glazed windows of different thicknesses, the step is 2 m. In climatic conditions of middle latitudes, it is reasonable to focus on double-glazed windows with a thickness of 32-34 mm.

The device of a plastic window provides for the installation of two or more sealing circuits. Important characteristics of the seal, such as wear resistance and heat resistance. Seals are usually made from vulcanized rubber (rubber), synthetic rubber (EPDM rubber), elastic thermoplastic.

Without high-quality, reliable fittings, there can be no good plastic window. This term refers to the hinges on which the sashes are hung, the mechanisms by which they are opened and closed, handles and much more. Good fittings, such as, for example, Titan AF fittings, should be invisible (except for beautiful handles, of course!) and not remind the user of themselves, creating problems for him.

We hope we were able to briefly explain what the window consists of. Finishing the enumeration of the elements of the window structure, we must not forget to mention:

• shtulp - an element that allows you to tightly cover the sashes without an impost;
• slopes - plastic panels covering the walls around the window on three sides;
• drainage - a cornice that protects the structure from atmospheric precipitation;
• window sill - a favorite place for housewives to place flowers and seedlings, is mainly made of MDF board or PVC profile.

source: https://www.fabrikaokon.ru/iz-chego-sostoit-plastikovoe-okno.html

Each sandpiper praises his swamp or what a plastic window consists of

No matter how managers of ANY window company assure you that their windows are the best, all plastic windows are essentially the same (may the window manufacturers forgive me))).

Any plastic it consists of three components:

• plastic frame (inside which a reinforcing profile is installed);
• double-glazed window (which consists of several glasses);
• fittings (opening mechanism).

Everything else is nuance! Well, or features.

For those who are interested in the features of our windows, below will be described in detail about them. Now I want to “on my fingers” explain to people those moments that usually confuse a simple person (managers like to assume importance, explaining themselves in terms).

So, I'll start.

Plastic frame (profile). This is the part of the window that is made of plastic - the frame or sash.

To be completely clear, let me explain:

• The frame is the fixed part of the window
• The sash is the movable part of the window (opening).
• A profile is that part of a window that differs from manufacturer to manufacturer. The profile is produced by many companies and then sold to window manufacturers.

Therefore, any manager will definitely tell you the following phrase: “We work on a profile” ... - and here the name will be pronounced (VEKA, KBE, BRUSBOX, REHAU, GEALAN, PROPLEX ...) there are a lot of manufacturers, so you can list them for a very long time.

Each manufacturer has its own profile geometry - it can be rectangular, rounded or have beveled corners. But the principle is the same for everyone. If you look in section at any of the profiles, you will see that they all have a thicker outer contour and many internal jumpers. These bridges form air chambers inside the plastic profile. And the more of these cameras, the warmer the windows. And managers will gladly and proudly tell you this at the consultation: "We offer windows from three-four-five-six chamber profiles."

Inside each PVC profile, a metal profile (reinforcement) is necessarily placed, which holds the geometry of the finished window and gives it rigidity. Reinforcement is U-shaped or closed (square pipe). Of course, closed reinforcement is much more preferable, because. more rigid (the window is less prone to deformation during installation).

Useful advice!

Yes, I almost forgot! All profile systems have grooves in which the sealing gum is installed.

I will not explain why it is needed - the name speaks for itself. I can only say that the rubber bands are those that press the double-glazed window (they do not allow cold and moisture to penetrate through the connection into the apartment), and those that work on the pressure (so that there is no blowing and freezing between the frame and the window sash).

Well, everything is quite simple here. A double-glazed window is several glasses connected to each other. A distance frame is installed between the panes, which forms an air chamber and prevents the panes from sticking together. The frame can be of different thicknesses, so the double-glazed windows are obtained in different thicknesses.

Double-glazed windows are single- and double-chamber.

• A single-chamber double-glazed window is when there are 2 glasses and one air chamber between them.
• Two-chamber, respectively - 3 glasses and 2 air chambers.

In residential buildings, single-chamber double-glazed windows are installed only in entrances, basements, or when glazing balconies. The apartments are ALWAYS double-glazed windows.

Three-four-five-chamber double-glazed windows DO NOT HAPPEN! And if the manager tells you: “We have five-chamber windows,” this means that the window uses a five-chamber profile and a double-glazed window.

I want to say a few more words about the heat-reflecting coating (TOP). TOP is a coating on the inside of one of the glasses in a double-glazed window, which has a double effect: in winter it reflects part of the heat from the glass and saves it indoors, and in summer it reflects part of the sun's rays, which significantly reduces the heating of the room (relevant for those with windows facing south).

Accessories. Those who lived in the Soviet Union probably remember the old wooden windows. The fittings on them were limited to two canopy hinges and a rotary latch handle. (Oh yes, sorry! I forgot the latch on the balcony door! A work of art!)))) sic0818

On modern PVC windows, fittings are a complex mechanism that is placed around the entire perimeter of the sash, and mating parts are installed on the frame. And the better the fittings, the more reliable your window will be. The fittings provide a tight clamping of the sash to the frame ALL OVER THE PERIMETER. It is also responsible for the safety of your window (a window with good fittings is quite problematic to break open from the outside).

Here, in general terms, is all that I wanted to tell you about PVC windows. Now you can safely call various window companies (if you don’t mind your time), and confuse managers who are less savvy than you!

source: http://gladion.ru/okna/iz-chego-sostoit-plastikovoe-okno

What are plastic windows made of?

The main elements of PVC windows are the frame, sash, fittings and double-glazed windows:

The frame is the fixed plastic part of the window on which the sashes are attached.

A sash is the part of a window that opens.

Double-glazed window - in a special way hermetically bonded glass. Depending on how many glasses are used, single-chamber (two glasses and one camera between them) and two-chamber (three glasses and two cameras) double-glazed windows are distinguished.

Fittings - handles, latches, locking mechanisms and other devices that ensure the opening of the valves, their fixation in any position or locking.

Window designs are made from a set of standard profiles.

Usually there are several main types of profiles:

Frame profile - used to create the main structure (frame), usually follows the contour of the entire window.

Sash - sashes and other opening elements are made from it. Impost - a profile of the box, which serves for the vestibule of sashes and hinged sashes in three or more casement windows.

Bead - a plastic rail that holds the double-glazed window in the window. Outflow - a flat and wide profile, installed outside the window and designed to drain rainwater from the window.

A slope is a flat and wide profile used for neat finishing of the side surfaces of a window opening.

source: https://www.proplex.ru/windows/structure/

window profile. Double glazing. accessories

It is interesting for any customer of plastic windows to know how a plastic window is arranged. This is necessary in order to understand which elements of plastic windows are important, and you should not save on them in any case. And what elements are of secondary importance, and you can choose them cheaper.

A double-glazed window is inserted into the profile. The necessary fittings (handles, locks, fasteners) are used in the double-glazed window so that the double-glazed window sashes can perform their useful opening and closing functions.

window profiles

The window profile is long plastic whips 3-5 m long, from which the window frame is welded, taking into account all the sashes and vents to fit your size. That is, the so-called plastic frame, inside which a double-glazed window is then inserted. There are also air chambers inside the window profile. It is the air chambers that allow the profile not to release heat from the apartment to the outside. And the tightness of the profile due to dense plastic does not allow moisture and precipitation to flow onto the window sill. Treat the window profile as the foundation of everything that a plastic window consists of.

German profiles Rehau, Kbe, Veka, Montblunc, Deceuninck, Gealan and others are leaders in the production of good and even better quality plastic profiles. Unlike them, Russian profiles Brusbox, Proplex, Brusbox, or made in China (R&K, Plast) or in Turkey (Wintech, PENSA) often crack and turn yellow after 2-3 years of installation.

At a cost, plastic windows made of German profiles start at 15,000-18,000 rubles for a standard double-leaf window. Plastic windows from a Chinese profile start at 12,000 rubles for a double-leaf window.

As you already understood, it is not worth saving on a window profile, because then the investment will be completely unjustified. 70% of the total cost of plastic windows is just a profile. Therefore, if you make a mistake with the window profile, and your windows leak, blow and cause condensation on the glass, the window will have to be replaced completely.

The standard window profile for central Russia is a profile with 3-5 air chambers. This profile is suitable for regions where the temperature in winter does not fall below 25 degrees. A more expensive premium window profile contains 6-8 air chambers. It is designed for detached houses, that is, cottages of country houses and summer cottages.

Double-glazed windows

The double-glazed window contains several glasses that are connected along the perimeter. The space between two glasses is called an air chamber, there are usually one, two or three such chambers. The more cameras your double-glazed window will have, the warmer it will be in your apartment where you plan to install a plastic window. Single-chamber double-glazed windows are well suited only for glazing balconies, loggias and gazebos - that is, not fully insulated rooms. If, however, you plan to make a residential zone comfortable in terms of temperature on the loggia, it is better to order a double-glazed window.

Sometimes the chambers are filled with argon instead of air - then the double-glazed window has even more heat retention properties. In this case, the inner side of the glass is coated with silver ions, which also has a positive effect on the climate in the room at any time of the year.

PVC window fittings

PVC window fittings include many useful mechanisms, such as handles, locks, closers, ventilation scissors, dampers, levers, hinged locks, blockers and other details.

German accessories Roto, Fuhr, Siegenia are much superior in quality to Russian and Chinese ones. What are the advantages of European fittings, you ask?

— 30,000-40,000 opening and closing cycles against 10,000-12,000 cycles of Russian fittings;

– special coating against corrosion, scratches and natural wear;

- different ventilation modes for winter and summer;

- anti-burglary mechanisms.

Note!

Of course, you can save on fittings by ordering Russian or Chinese, but be prepared for the fact that the handles may fail in 2-3 years and they will have to be replaced.

So we have listed all the main things that a plastic window consists of. In conclusion, we want to offer you to choose for you several options for plastic windows with different window profiles and double-glazed windows. To do this, leave a request on our Portal, and within 20 minutes the operator of the window company will call you.

In your application, you can specify any of your requirements, for example, a German profile and a double-glazed window or simply “the cheapest plastic windows”. Depending on your requirements, we will select a window company for you. If you have any questions or doubts about profiles or double-glazed windows, you can discuss them by phone with the operator.

source: http://www.oknazavr.ru/voprosy/iz-chego-sostoit-plastikovoe-okno/

Production and installation of plastic windows

The main elements of a plastic window

A plastic window consists of many components, each of which performs its own function.
In the design of a plastic window, each element performs its function. Each part has its own name and purpose. When ordering PVC windows, you need to understand the vocabulary of window company specialists in order to choose the optimal window configuration.

Main elements of the window

Profile. One of the important elements is the plastic window profile itself. The profile consists of polyvinyl chloride, inside which a reinforcing rod passes. Reinforcement performs the function of strengthening the structure. It can have a closed design or be U-shaped.

It is thanks to the reinforcement that the window frame can withstand a large mass of the entire window structure.

The polyvinyl chloride profile is responsible for the thermal and sound insulation of the window structure.

It will depend on what atmosphere will be in your home, so special attention should be paid to its choice. Profiles are distinguished by the number of chambers: they can be three- or five-chamber, as well as by the mounting width of the profile: it can be 58 mm, 70 mm or more. Accordingly, the more chambers in the profile and the greater its mounting width, the higher the noise and heat insulation characteristics it has.

The profile can be either classic white or colored. To do this, it is covered with a lamination film of your chosen color.

Frame and sashes. The frame and sashes of the window are made from profiles. The frame of the window profile is attached directly to the window opening. And already window sashes are attached to it, which are also made of PVC profile. The sashes can be deaf or opening (swivel or tilt-and-turn). In turn, a double-glazed window is installed in the window sash.

Impost is another element that is made of PVC profile. This is a vertical or horizontal bar that divides the frame into sashes. There is also a false impost (it is also called shtulp).

Bead. This is a window element, thanks to which the double-glazed window is held in the sash. It is located along its inner perimeter.

Double glazing. It provides the window with tightness, translucency, and, like the profile, performs the functions of thermal and sound insulation. Modern double-glazed windows for windows are made of two or three sheets of glass interconnected.

Modern double-glazed windows can be single-chamber (2 glasses and 1 air chamber) or two-chamber (3 glasses and 2 air chambers).

Between the panes there is a special perforated aluminum frame. Inside the frame are special granules of glass dryer. Thanks to them, the glasses do not fog up, and the air in the chamber remains dry. Air chambers are located between the panes, which also affect the level of thermal insulation in the room. In the space between the panes there is ordinary rarefied air. But at the request of the customer, it can be filled with argon.

The glasses themselves in a double-glazed window can be very diverse: classic, energy-saving, tinted, shockproof, triplex, reinforced. The thickness of the glass also differ and are: 4, 5 or 6 mm. Thicker glass is chosen for installation in windows with an increased area.

Accessories. These are mechanisms that provide opening of the sash in various planes. The convenience and durability of the operation of the window will depend on its quality. The basic package of windows of the company "Seven Square Meters" includes anti-burglary German fittings Winkhaus. We can also offer various additional fittings that will help protect your home from unauthorized entry.

Mosquito nets are an additional, but very important element of the window. They protect your home from mosquitoes, as well as from debris or, for example, poplar fluff. They consist of a dense mesh, which is stretched over a thin aluminum profile. At the same time, the mesh does not prevent the penetration of light and air into the room. If necessary, they can be easily removed (for the winter).

Elements without which the window will not have a complete look

The quality of a window depends on the elements it consists of. That is why our company offers windows that consist only of reliable components from trusted manufacturers. An important role is played by the assembly of these elements, from which a reliable plastic window is ultimately obtained.

In order for the window to acquire an aesthetic appearance, as well as to make it convenient to use, it is necessary to finish the window opening.

An important part is the window sill. It blocks the window sill space and makes it more functional. Window sills are also predominantly made of PVC. They can be matte or glossy, white or laminated.

Slopes perform an aesthetic function. Thanks to them, the window opening acquires a neat appearance. They block the ends of the walls in the window opening, and also close the seam connection between the window and the opening. High-quality slopes are made of warm sandwich panels.

Note!

Drainage is installed from the outside of the window opening. Its function is to divert water to the street.

Drainage pipes are made of galvanized steel. At the heart of such drainage is a steel sheet up to 1 mm thick. Further, a special coating is applied to it (in industrial conditions). Its outer surface can be painted white or any other color. To ensure noise-absorbing properties, a special tape is applied to the inside of the drainage system (so raindrops will not “drum” too much on the metal).

Today, most buyers in our country choose plastic windows. This is due to the high functionality of the design and reasonable cost. Today, there are many options for plastic windows on the market for such products. In order for the selected structures to last for a long time, it is necessary to choose them correctly.

There are many types of plastic windows. They differ in a number of characteristics. To select the appropriate option, you need to consider the existing proposals. This will help you choose the best variety.

Peculiarities

Windows with wooden frames have been replaced by plastic windows. The types of windows (the photo is presented below) of this category are diverse. To choose the best option, you need to find out for what purpose the replacement is being made.

For many buyers, the aesthetic appearance of the product is almost the only criterion. However, such structures should be characterized not only by beauty. It should be understood that it is through the glass that most of the heat from the room passes into the environment. It is for this reason that it is important to pay attention to the technical issue of creating a structure.

Windows should be functional and easy to use. They should be easy to wash, open for ventilation. Also, such structures significantly reduce the noise from the street, providing a good rest for the owners of the house.

Number of leaves

Considering the types of plastic windows for a private house or apartment, you should consider their design. On sale are models with one or more doors. When choosing, it is important to consider where the window will be installed, what exterior the structure is characterized by and other nuances.

For small openings, single-leaf structures are selected. Their width does not exceed 1 m. If the opening is characterized by large dimensions, it is advisable to purchase a window with two or even three wings. In this case, double-glazed windows are characterized by a significant area.

If the opening is large enough, it is required to make vertical racks between the wings. They must be massive enough to ensure the stability of the entire structure. It should be noted that in the presence of racks, the weight of the window increases, and the light transmission decreases.

Sash opening

The types of opening plastic windows also differ. There are several types of mechanisms on sale. The sash may not open at all. Such windows retain heat best, but they are very difficult to clean. Even on the first floor, most likely, you will need to use a stepladder.

There are sashes that open thanks to the rotary mechanism. They can only open to the inside. Owners of houses and apartments in which windows are large in size can combine types of sashes. For example, for a three-section design, you can choose a swivel mechanism on the sides. At the same time, there may be a blind sash in the center.

Also on sale there are sashes with a folding mechanism. Such sections rotate along the horizontal axis from the bottom of the structure. This function is necessary for high-quality ventilation of the room. Most often, the folding mechanism is combined with rotary systems.

Profile making

Not only the types of adjustments of plastic windows are an important issue when choosing. One of the main indicators of the efficiency and reliability of the design is the type of profile. The cost of construction largely depends on the quality and technology of its manufacture.

The profile is made of a polymer, which is created on the basis of ethylene and chlorine. Various components are added to it, which increase the resistance of the material to mechanical stress, climatic conditions. The dry powder is subjected to high pressure during the manufacturing process. The result is the basis of the future frame.