Overheating in the sun is especially dangerous for patients with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, the elderly and young children.

In babies under one year old, the thermoregulation mechanism has not yet been formed, so overheating in the sun can significantly damage their health.

A comfortable body temperature for a person is maintained using natural thermoregulation. In other words, two balanced processes are continuously going on in our body - heat generation and heat transfer.

Sometimes under the influence external factors the balance is disturbed, and the body begins to produce more heat than it can give. Most often this occurs as a result of overheating in the sun, the consequences of which can be sunstroke and heatstroke.

Symptoms of overheating in the sun in a child

A child can suffer from sun or heat stroke even in relatively cool weather. Problems arise if the baby has been exposed to direct sunlight for a long time without a hat or was dressed too warmly. Sometimes the cause of overheating is a lack of drinking in the heat or a long stay in a car standing in the sun.

The first signs of overheating in children are fever, red spots on the skin, rapid heartbeat, nausea, in some cases vomiting and loss of consciousness.

If first aid is not provided in time, then the process proceeds to the next stage, which is characterized by cyanosis of the skin, heart rhythm disturbance and the appearance of convulsions. In this case, urgent medical assistance is needed, since the health and life of the child is in serious danger.

How to treat overheating

A person who has suffered from overheating should be transferred as soon as possible to a cool place and laid on his back, placing a roll of towels or clothes under his head. It is better to get rid of outerwear in order to be able to attach a sheet moistened with cold water.

When overheating, compresses from ice cubes, which are applied to the forehead of the victim, also help well. In case of loss of consciousness, the most effective remedy is to let a person inhale vapors of ammonia. After the patient's condition stabilizes, you need to give him plenty of chilled salted water to drink. Alcoholic beverages, coffee and tea are strictly prohibited.

How to avoid overheating in the sun

Overheating is a frequent companion beach holiday. In order not to get heat or sunstroke in the very first days of your vacation, you should sunbathe for no longer than half an hour.

Staying in the sun should alternate with resting in the shade and swimming in a pond. It is best to sunbathe in motion, and not lying under the sun, and at the same time be sure to cover your head with a light-colored scarf, hat or cap.

You need to drink plenty of fluids - regular and mineral water, chilled green or herbal tea. And finally, a universal recipe: it is best to sunbathe and swim before ten in the morning and after three in the afternoon - at this time the sun's rays are not so active and cannot harm.

The hot summer is not only a carefree holiday, a chocolate tan and the aroma of ripe apricots, it is also a real danger to your health, among which is overheating in the sun.

If you stay during the day in a cool room and find yourself on the street only with the sunset, then overheating does not threaten you. Otherwise, we strongly invite you to read the information on how dangerous the symptoms of overheating in the sun can be, ways to avoid this summer misfortune and first aid rules.

Heat sickness can happen to anyone

Your body always wants to be as close to 6 degrees Fahrenheit as possible, and it generally does a pretty good job of regulating its own temperature. When your body loses its ability to self-regulate, you risk developing heat sickness, one of them. Heat sickness most often occurs in people who exercise exercise outdoors for a long time, the elderly, and people taking medications that increase sensitivity to high temperatures.

Symptoms and degrees of overheating in the sun

Under normal conditions, the human body is protected from overheating by thermoregulation. Overheating occurs in the event of a malfunction of this mechanism. This is due to heavy sweating, thickening of the blood and impaired water-salt metabolism, difficulty in blood flow and as a result of a lack of oxygen in the brain.

Heat dissipation vs. thermal shock

However, given the right conditions, it can happen to anyone. Here are the signs you should look out for. When your body has to work very hard to cool you down, you can develop heat exhaustion. During heat exhaustion, the body's core temperature is usually less than 104 degrees Fahrenheit, but it's low and the heart doesn't pump blood as efficiently as it should.

Bergeron describes intense heat stroke as "a clear medical emergency affecting multiple body systems" that usually occurs when the body's core temperature rises above 104 degrees. Heatstroke disrupts the central nervous system. It can also damage the brain, heart, liver, kidneys, spleen, and muscle tissue. "Your body loses its ability to thermoregulate, so it's much harder to cancel itself at this point," says the doctor.

There are four degrees of overheating of the body. Each of them has its own characteristics:

1. The initial, first degree of overheating, appears at ambient temperatures up to 40 C. Heat transfer occurs through breathing and perspiration on the skin, body temperature remains normal. A person may experience lethargy, unwillingness to work, drowsiness.
2. The second degree occurs at an ambient temperature of up to 50 C. The heat load is not compensated by sweating, as a result of which heat accumulates in the body. In this case, an increase in body temperature up to 38 degrees can be observed, a person is tormented by a feeling of heat, and the pulse accelerates by 40-60 beats.
3. The third degree occurs if the temperature rises above 60 C. The body temperature in this case increases to 40 C, the heartbeat rises to 160 beats. There is reddening of the skin, severe sweating. A person may feel a severe headache, a feeling of tightness in the temples, arousal.
4. The fourth degree of overheating is called heat stroke. The activity of the nervous system and the heart is sharply disturbed, the person needs urgent medical care.

Warning signs: cramps, nausea or headache

Watch out. “If you play tennis for hours but you drink between sets and you take regular bath breaks and your urine is clear enough, that’s a sign that you are hydrating well,” Dr. Shearer says. But if you go in for a long time and you don't urinate much, and when you go it's very dark and concentrated, it's a sign that you're dehydrated. This means you won't be able to efficiently release heat through sweat and evaporation, putting you at risk of overheating.

Warning Signs: Weakness, dizziness or collapse

Heat fatigue often causes people to stand up, feel the need to sit down, or even move away for a moment. Something like good, says Bergeron; "That is to say, it stops your body from continuing before you run into more serious problems."

Heat stroke severity

It must be remembered that getting a strong heat stroke is possible even at a temperature of 40 C, if a person is in an unfavorable environment for a long time. Available the following symptoms overheating in the sun in the fourth degree of severity.

• The mild form is accompanied by rapid breathing, headache, tachycardia and nausea.

• The average form is characterized by nausea and vomiting, fever up to 40 degrees, headache, fainting.

• The severe form threatens with a strong fever, arrhythmia, confusion, delirium; may even lead to coma.

Act Now: First Aid

At the slightest suspicion of heat stroke, emergency care is needed.

Warning signs: no sweating

The hotter it goes outside, the more common these symptoms are. But Bergeron says it's important to remember that for people doing strenuous exercise, severe heat sickness can also occur in relatively cool conditions. When the body reaches a certain core temperature, its natural defenses - like sweating that generates heat - begin to shut down. "If the person has been outside and their skin is completely dry, that's a red flag," the doctor says.

Warning signs: confusion, seizures or coma

However, Bergeron says, it's not always the case that a person stops sweating when they enter a danger zone, so don't assume that just because someone sweats a lot that it's okay. If heat stroke progresses far enough, you can damage your brain. You begin to experience confusion and delirium, says Dr. Shearer. "And it's really dangerous, because when you're confused, you won't do normal things to cool down, like looking for shade or getting water."

You should be attentive to others: in the heat, people often feel bad on the street or in public transport; your intervention in this case can save a life.

If you see that a person is pale and weak on his feet, holding his head or heart, ask if he needs help.

Necessary:

The main symptoms of this pathology are

In the most severe cases of heat stroke, fainting and convulsions can occur. The symptoms of a fever are not always as obvious as they might seem. “In fact, with the development of overheating, possibly leading to intense heat stroke, one can feel chilled even in the heat,” says Bergeron.

When the body experiences physical or thermal stress, it defends itself by producing inflammatory proteins. But these proteins can also interfere with the body's thermoregulation, leading to symptoms such as chills, goosebumps, or cold, clammy skin.

• place the person in a well-ventilated room or shade, providing the victim with plenty of fluids. It is important to lay the victim strictly on his back;
• it is recommended to release a person from narrow and tight parts of clothing or even from all clothing;
• if possible, the victim should be immersed in cool water, wiped with water or wrapped in a wet sheet;
• a fan or fan can be used to help cool down the victim, and frozen food or ice packs can be placed around the victim.

You may not realize that this is happening to you.

Even if you're feeling overheated, nauseous, or a little "out of it", it can be difficult to stop what you're doing and take a break, especially if you're in the middle of a killer workout that involves racing. That is why it is so important to recognize the most early symptoms heat illnesses and address them while you still can.

What to do: Listen to your body

The challenge is that an overheated athlete is often the worst person to objectively evaluate, says Bergeron. "When the body and brain heat up, the brain's cognitive ability and objective reasoning are often compromised." Most of the body heat is generated internally, from muscular exertion. So in hot, humid conditions, it's wise to reduce the intensity of your workout and take precautions beforehand, such as carrying and drinking plenty of fluids.

Overheating of the body is especially difficult for obese people, the elderly and children. The condition of children requires special attention, because a small child will not be able to clearly describe his feelings.

How to prevent overheating?

To reduce the risk of heat stroke, follow these guidelines:

• if possible, wear light-colored clothes made of natural fabrics that do not restrict movement, remember about hats;
• it is necessary to reduce physical activity in hot weather in the air, especially during the day. It is worth moving intensive sports training to the morning or evening;
• You should drink as much liquid as possible, but at the same time reduce the consumption of carbonated drinks, coffee and strong tea. In the heat, it is desirable to completely exclude alcohol;
• it is better to eat food often, in small portions;
• you need to keep changes in body temperature under control - if it rises above 37 degrees C, then the body tries to cope with overheating;
• It is strictly forbidden to leave the elderly, children and animals in a closed car.

Causes of sunstroke

If you still feel like you're starting to overheat, stop doing what you're doing, says Bergeron. In fact, any significant deterioration in the performance or signs of a fight should be grounds for taking a break, he adds.

What to do: Get out of the sun

One of the most important things you can do for yourself or anyone else who may be suffering from heat sickness is to get them out of the sun. If you can, get to an air-conditioned area, but anywhere with some shade can help. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, a place that is bathed in direct sunlight can have a heat index value up to 15 degrees higher than a shaded spot next to shade.

This summer in the capital made everyone and everyone sweat a lot. The sun does not always give us warmth and good mood, at a temperature of thirty-seven degrees there is a very high risk of overheating, especially a weak body or a child is prone to this. How to avoid overheating in the sun and what to do if it still happened that you got a heat stroke - says Feelgood.

What to do: Increase air circulation

One way to cool the body is by convection, the process of air or water flowing over the skin and transferring heat. You can help this process by increasing air circulation and air exposure to the skin, says Dr. “If someone is overheating, you can loosen up their clothing – make sure nothing is too restrictive, or remove items they don’t need,” he says. Placing them in front of a fan, either manual or electric, can also help them lose some of their excess body heat.

Symptoms of overheating in the sun

Overheating in the sun should not be confused with sunstroke. Both are unpleasant phenomena, but overheating is very insidious. Going outside from a cool, air-conditioned room, you can earn heat stroke in just one hour. Especially when it comes to hot climates. In addition, prolonged exposure to a hot, stuffy room, dehydration, and exercise on a hot, humid day can also lead to overheating. At first it seems that this is just weakness, but soon the person begins to experience clouding of consciousness, convulsions and other symptoms. Other symptoms include:

Blood flow throughout the body can be compromised during heat sickness, so sitting or lying down with your feet elevated about 12 inches can help prevent swelling in your legs and improve blood flow to your brain. It can also protect you from falling and injury if you feel weak.

What to do: Drink cold water and use it to cool your body.

If the person is conscious and able to swallow, have water or a sports drink containing electrolytes drink. You can also make your own electrolyte solution by mixing a teaspoon of salt into 1 quart of water. This will help replenish the sodium that a person has lost through sweat. Drink half a glass every 15 minutes until you feel better.

• when overheated, a person is conscious, body temperature is usually 37-40 ° C
• pale moist skin;
• heavy sweating;
• rapid pulse;
• weakness;
• headache;
• nausea;

After overheating, heat stroke often occurs. The symptoms of heat stroke are:

• nausea, pallor;
• vomit;
• muscle spasms, twitching;
• dilated pupils;
• hallucinations, delusions;
• unstable work of the heart;
• dizziness and fainting.

First aid for overheating and heat stroke

You can also use cold water or ice directly on the skin. For someone whose body temperature has reached dangerous levels, total immersion in an ice bath or a cold body of water is the most effective method to bring it down quickly, says Bergeron. Applying ice or cold water-soaked body towels may also help.

The groin and armpits are particularly effective spots for cooling, the doctor says. This is the neck, although he cautions against placing ice packs directly in this area, since the carotid artery supplies blood to the brain. If a person shows signs of heat stroke, seek immediate medical attention. They must have blood pressure, temperature, heart and respiratory rate, and the state of the central nervous system is monitored closely, even when they begin to feel better.

If a person has overheated, but it has not yet reached the point of heat stroke, he urgently needs to be moved to a cool ventilated place or to fresh air in the shade. The upper body must be freed from clothing and the person should be placed on their back with their head on a cold compress (if it is not possible to make a compress, a bottle of cool water will do). The body must be sprinkled with cold water, especially the wrists, neck, armpits, groin and back.

On the other hand, heat exhaustion may not require professional attention. "If it's a person who's young and healthy and they're sweaty and think clearly, they're likely to be fine after cooling down and resting," says Dr. Shearer. "It's really people who are older or have other health issues - heart disease, diabetes - you want to go to the hospital to be safe."

In fact, anyone experiencing heat sickness should take the rest of the day off from physical activity, he adds, even if your symptoms go away and you feel 100% better. "Better rest and recover more fully, and live to play another day."

If the person is conscious and breathing without difficulty, let him drink a few sips of lightly salted water - one teaspoon per liter - half a glass of water every 15 minutes. If vomiting occurs, do not drink.

If heat stroke still occurs and the person is unconscious, bring ammonia to his nose. If breathing has stopped, begin chest compressions and artificial respiration. How it's done - .

Protect yourself next time

Heatstroke can be dangerous, even fatal, and difficult to treat once it sets in. That is why it is important to prevent it in the first place. Avoid situations that put you at risk: Don't push the heat too hard when you're recovering from an illness involving vomiting, diarrhea, or fever, while taking medication that can make you more sensitive to heat or the sun, or of course, it's really great . Gradually build up your workouts over several weeks to acclimatize your body to warmer temperatures and can also protect you during the summer.

Take care of yourself, during rush hour, when the sun is especially dangerous (between 11 am and 5 pm), try to spend less time outside. wear clothes light colors thin fabrics, drink plenty of water and shower several times a day if possible. Avoid prolonged severe physical activity in the open sun during hot weather. If necessary, take rest breaks from time to time, drink more fluids.

There's a reason why you're looking for shade in the summer, and it's not just a matter of comfort. Our internal organs thrive at a core temperature of 6 degrees Fahrenheit. When the ambient temperature is 73 degrees, your body hums in neutral; your core temperature is left with no extra work. But when the ambient temperature soars, it shifts the base temperature with it, causing a feedback loop to reset the internal reading. Find out why these changes happen here and learn how to stay cool from head to toe.

The child's body is extremely sensitive to the influence of environmental factors. Unfortunately, we often forget about this and expose our beloved child to a completely unjustified risk. One such place could be the beach, where most cases of heat stroke in children occur. What to do if your child overheated in the sun and what first aid should be given to him?

Severity of overheating

The symptoms of heat stroke can vary depending on its severity. The first sign that a child has overheated in the sun is his moody behavior. He becomes lethargic, constantly crying and acting up. If the child has symptoms such as heat, vomiting and headache, then you should sound the alarm - perhaps it's a sunstroke. With such symptoms, you should immediately contact the nearest medical center or call ambulance.

When diagnosing overheating, you should immediately take the child into the room. A bath with cool water and compresses will help well. In the room, it is desirable to turn on the air conditioner or fan at low power. Do not create sudden temperature changes.

After a heat stroke, a child's body requires a significant amount of moisture. If he refuses to eat - it's okay, it's better to offer him to drink mineral water, cool hibiscus or juice.

Rules for protecting a child from overheating in the sun

To protect against overheating, sun or heat stroke, simple sun protection rules must be followed. And this applies to both the smallest representatives of mankind and adults.

1. Do not allow the baby to be in open space during the period of greatest solar activity. Starting from 11 o'clock in the afternoon until 4 o'clock in the evening, the child must be taken into the shade.

2. Don't forget to wear a hat. No matter how opposed your child is to a cap or panama, you should convince him not to take it off throughout the game, on the beach or in the yard. In addition to protection from the sun, the visor of the cap will protect the retina from the bright sun. When a child bathes not far from the shore, the headgear may not be removed from the head. It is advisable to use children Sunglasses with a good UV filter.

3. For long walks under the sun, you need to protect your skin from UV exposure. It is preferable to use light, light-colored clothes with a long loose sleeve for this. It should be remembered that bright clothes protect the skin from the sun better than clothes in pastel colors.

4. Do not forget to dry yourself after swimming - everyone knows that every drop of water on the body acts like a lens, multiplying the effect of the sun's rays.

Use of sunscreen

For a child, creams with the strongest degree of protection are best suited. These are creams labeled SPF 40 and SPF 50. If you are near a pond or pool, then the cream should be applied after each bath. When using a protective cream, be sure to check the expiration date of its expiration date. Expired UV protection cream is very dangerous and can lead to skin cancer.

Sunstroke

Sunstroke is a consequence of prolonged exposure to sunlight on the uncovered part of the head. With its manifestation, the child may experience vomiting, headache and even lose consciousness. Even if you know what to do if the child overheats, it would be better to call an ambulance.

It is important to prevent sunstroke in children. To do this, you always need to put on a hat for the baby when you plan to let him go for a walk outside in the summer.

What to do if you experience symptoms of sunstroke

Sunstroke has the following symptoms:

Dizziness, weakness, headache and partial loss of orientation in space

Nausea, vomiting and sudden fever

Frequent uneven pulse and nosebleeds

When the above symptoms appear, the child must be immediately taken into the shade and pour cool water on his head. You can make a cold compress from gauze or any other fabric. If possible, put the child on a bed or blanket and call a doctor.

So that the child does not overheat and does not receive a sunstroke, it is necessary to remember to constantly wear a hat and do not forget to drink while walking.

sunburn

It is not possible to determine whether your child is sunburned in the sun or not immediately. Sunburns are insidious and appear on the body within a few hours. Most often, children burn on various bodies of water when they swim on air mattresses. It must be remembered that sunburn can be obtained even with strong winds.

Children's skin is very sensitive, and it is much easier for a child to get a sunburn than for an adult. Redness appears on the skin, the child experiences pain and burning in the damaged areas.

Therefore, first of all, it is necessary to moisten the damaged areas with water. The water should be cool, but by no means cold. When evaporated, the moisture will cool the skin and relieve pain. You can put a compress on your shoulders from a towel moistened with cool water, after which you need to treat the burn with Panthenol or other special medicines.

As can be seen from the above examples, the most important protection for a child from overheating is the constant guardianship of his baby. So be careful and stay healthy!

This, in turn, leads to adverse consequences and disruption of the usual rhythm of life.

Overheating in the sun: symptoms

After a long stay under the direct influence of ultraviolet rays, one should not be surprised at a significant deterioration in well-being. Usually a person throws it into the heat, then into the cold. He is constantly thirsty, dizzy. Under such conditions, the victim may lose consciousness. As a rule, in the hot summer people lean on ice cream and soft drinks. However, overheating in the sun weakens the body's immune defenses, creating favorable conditions for the development of bacteria and microbes. That is why after such walks we often get sick. One form of overheating is sunstroke. Then there are bouts of nausea and vomiting, a terrible pain in the head, drowsiness. These symptoms require an adequate response: it should be in without fail provide assistance and, if necessary, call a doctor.

Overheating in the sun: treatment

To begin with, the victim must be provided with comfortable conditions. Ideally, you need to take him home or to a cool room. If this is not possible, then it is enough to move into the shade or under a canopy, cover the person with a wet towel, and apply a cold compress on the head. Then we help the body cope with stress, a glass of water (slightly cool, but not from the refrigerator) is suitable for this. Will not harm a natural sedative such as valerian tincture. You need to wait a bit, soon the patient will feel better, then it will be possible to transport him home, where a shower at room temperature will finally bring him to his senses. If the victim only gets worse: the temperature rises sharply, it gets dark in the eyes, the heartbeat quickens, then the overheating in the sun was too strong. You should immediately call a doctor or immediately take the person to the hospital. Young children are very susceptible to the effects of sunlight, so they need to be protected from aggressive exposure. In case of damage, it is necessary to wrap the baby in a wet diaper, make an enema with water at room temperature and give him water every hour.

Overheating in the sun: you should be careful

Some people should not sunbathe and stay under direct sunlight for a long time. The risk category includes those people who have experienced a traumatic brain injury, as well as patients with epilepsy and neuropsychiatric ailments. Any weakening of the vital forces of the body provokes an exacerbation of the disease, and therefore causes unpleasant consequences. People prone to depression should also avoid the sun, as overheating stimulates irritability, fatigue, and sleep disturbance. Even healthy person you should take a bottle of chilled water and a hat with you to the beach. You can only sunbathe until 11 am or after 4 pm. When the sun is at its zenith, it is better to stay at home and not go anywhere.

What to do with sunstroke or heat stroke, providing the right care at home

Prolonged exposure to extreme heat, stuffiness, and also in the sun can lead to overheating of the body, resulting in heat or sunstroke. Both of these conditions are critical and, if left untreated, can lead to serious consequences, including death. In this article, we will talk about how to protect the body from heat and sunstroke, and what to do to alleviate the condition of the victim.

What is the cause of these conditions?

The skin is actively involved in heat transfer. If the external environment has a high temperature, the vessels of the skin expand, enhancing heat transfer. At the same time, heat is lost through sweat. At a low temperature of the environment, the vessels of the skin spasm, preventing heat loss.

Thermoreceptors are involved in the regulation of this process - sensitive "temperature sensors" located in the skin. During the day, under normal conditions, a person loses up to a liter of sweat, in the heat this amount can reach 5-10 liters.

At a high external temperature, the body, in order to function normally, is forced to accelerate the process of heat transfer and sweating increases. If no cooling measures are taken, then such measures become insufficient and thermoregulation fails due to overheating.

Heatstroke can be caused by:

• physical stress, fatigue,
• high air temperature or high humidity,
• eating habits (predominance of fatty foods in the diet increases the risk of temperature shock)
• environmental factors (high temperature conditions of the environment against the background of high humidity),
• the use of certain drugs that block sweating, and hence the cooling of the body
• airtight clothing.

Heatstroke can happen not only under the rays of the scorching sun. If a person is in a stuffy, unventilated room, the threat of overheating is just as high.

Cause of sunstroke is the effect of ultraviolet rays of the sun on the open head of a person. To protect yourself from the sun, remember to wear a hat and stay out of the sun for more than 4 hours. It is necessary to take breaks and cool off in cool rooms or in the shade.

How to recognize: heat and sunstroke?

Heat stroke is a critical human condition that occurs with prolonged exposure to high temperature regime or direct sunlight.

Sunstroke is a special case of heat stroke that occurs due to prolonged exposure to infrared radiation directly on the brain area, which promotes the release of active vasodilators.

Sunstroke and heatstroke are often compared and sometimes confused due to the similar clinical presentation, however, in the first case, the health consequences are much worse and the body needs to recover much longer. How to recognize these 2 states, consider the table below.

What to do with heat stroke?

Excessive overheating during prolonged stay of a person in a humid and poorly ventilated atmosphere, during muscular work in rubberized or synthetic clothing also leads to a change in the regulation of heat generation and heat transfer processes in the body. What to do in such a situation?

1. First of all, you need to call a doctor at home or an ambulance;
2. The victim must be moved to the shade or to fresh air, open windows and doors in the room;
3. Unbutton the collar, undress to the waist. Clothes made of synthetics, dense fabrics - be sure to remove
4. If the victim is at home, he should take a bath or shower (this can be done with heat stroke, if the person's condition is more or less satisfactory). When body temperature drops to 38 degrees water procedures should be stopped.

If the patient's condition remains unchanged for half an hour, it is necessary to seek medical help.

What not to do with heat stroke?

If you have heat stroke, don't put the person in an ice water bath, put ice on them, or give them very cold water to drink, as this can cause convulsions or stomach cramps (vomiting). Also avoid drinking caffeinated and alcoholic beverages.

What to do with sunstroke at home?

As with heat stroke, the victim must be moved to the shade, provided with air access and freed from squeezing clothing.

1. Call an ambulance immediately. If help is not provided at this stage, then loss of consciousness, disturbances in the work of the heart, including a heart attack, as well as respiratory failures, are possible.
2. The person must be taken to the shade, put on his back and slightly raise his head.
3. You can cool the body by covering the victim with a damp cloth, or by lightly spraying him with a spray bottle. Place a wet compress on your forehead.
4. Water should be given at room temperature in unlimited quantities.
5. In case of loss of consciousness, you need to bring the person to life with the help of a cotton swab dipped in ammonia.

These actions can save the victim from big trouble. The main thing is that first aid should be quick.

What to do with sunstroke if a person is very overheated? In this case, the victim is recommended to immediately send to the hospital. This is the only way to help him with a severe form of this condition.

In any case, even if the condition of the victim improves, it is necessary to call an ambulance. The medical staff will evaluate his condition from a medical point of view, if necessary, provide transportation to a medical institution.

What can not be done in such a state?

• It is impossible to close the patient in a stuffy room - it is necessary to ensure oxygen access as much as possible, which means that windows and doors should be opened, improvised fans should be built.
• It is dangerous to try to fill the lack of fluid with beer, tonics, any alcohol - this can aggravate the condition by adding toxic damage to the brain edema.

That is, we can say that sunstroke is partial thermal, but occurs only due to prolonged exposure to direct sunlight, while thermal occurs during a long stay in hot rooms.

Overheating of the body is accompanied by increased sweating with a significant loss of water and salts by the body, which leads to thickening of the blood, an increase in its viscosity, difficulty in blood circulation and tissue hypoxia.

After receiving a sunstroke, a sick person needs:

• Bed rest at home;
• Plentiful drink (cool water without gas, compotes, fruit drinks, natural juices);
• Regularly ventilated area;
• Wet cleaning and elimination of dust in the air;
• Hot food is prohibited for 2 days;
• It is recommended to give warm, light food that is not capable of causing nausea.

Who is at risk?

Sunstroke and heat stroke easily occur in children, adolescents and the elderly, because due to their age their body has certain physiological characteristics, the system of internal thermoregulation of their body is imperfect.

Also at risk are people who are unaccustomed to the heat, who are obese, who have cardiovascular and endocrine diseases, or who abuse alcohol. If you belong to one of these groups, do not wait for the sun and heat to literally hit your health.

Prevention measures:

1. Restriction of human exposure to the sun from 11 am to 5 pm.
2. In summer, especially when the weather is clear and hot, it is necessary to wear a hat to protect your head from direct sunlight.
3. When working in hot conditions, use overalls to protect against elevated temperatures, and when working in the sun, be sure to use hats.
4. All those working in hot conditions should have access to a source of potable water and drink plenty of fluids. In the heat, due to intense evaporation, the body loses it in huge quantities, which leads to thickening of the blood, and this can lead not only to impaired thermoregulation, but also to the occurrence of strokes and heart attacks. To ensure a normal salt balance, it is better to drink mineral water or special water-salt solutions.
5. When carrying out activities in conditions of heat and in the sun, it is necessary to systematically take short breaks for rest, it is advisable to equip a special room with air conditioning for this.
6. Limit yourself from being outside at lunchtime, as during this period the sun is directly overhead and warms with maximum force. Try to be more and rest in the shade.

Discussion: there is 1 comment

Thanks for the information. The other day they saw a man at sea who had lain in the sun for a long time and received a strong sunstroke. People called him an ambulance and gave him first aid.

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Overheating - how it manifests itself and what to do

Dear readers, we all know the desire to enjoy every summer day, especially if it is warm and sunny. We strive to spend more time outdoors. Sometimes, instead, you have to work in stuffy offices. However, despite the big difference between these two pastimes, they are equally likely to lead to unpleasant consequences - to overheating. Therefore, you should know what to do in case of overheating, what measures to take to alleviate the condition.

The difficulty is that overheating is quite difficult to recognize. This, in fact, is a heat stroke, but people cannot always adequately assess their condition and suspect not overheating, but problems with blood vessels, heart and gastrointestinal tract.

Overheating in adults - symptoms

Under the hot sun, people overheat, first of all, the head. A few hours in the open air, and, unfortunately, a sunstroke is quite likely. If a person has been in a stuffy room for a long time and the whole body has literally overheated, then he can get a heat stroke.

Overheating is quite possible in hot weather outdoors, and when elevated temperatures in the bath, fitness centers, transport, etc. - especially in combination with high humidity. In such extreme conditions, the body can no longer cope with the loads and cannot maintain normal thermoregulation. Accordingly, the temperature rises, and very quickly, and because of this, the processes of heat generation are accelerated. That is, a person is downright “burning”, since his heat transfer has decreased.

The first symptoms of overheating:

All of them can appear unexpectedly. However, if you take your condition seriously, you can avoid further overheating and recover. You need to sit in the shade or go out into the fresh air, start drinking a lot (it is best to drink 4 glasses of lightly salted water with 15-minute breaks), take a cold shower.

If this is not done, then even greater weakness and increased heart rate, reddening of the face, increasing headache with vomiting, stupor, heaviness in the body, uneven gait, dilated pupils may occur. The skin becomes hot and dry. Seizures are possible.

When the temperature rises above 40°C, the person's breathing becomes frequent and noisy. At this stage, hallucinations and delusions occur. Sometimes victims of the heat lose consciousness and even fall into a coma. Mortality in severe cases reaches 30%.

Sunstroke is a type of heat stroke. The difference is that during a sunstroke, only the head overheats, and not the whole body. We have already talked about the causes and symptoms of sunstroke on the blog, read the article on this topic - Sunstroke.

What to do in case of overheating

First of all, an overheated person should be at rest, in a horizontal position, in a cool, well-ventilated room. You can smell ammonia. It is worth applying cold compresses or ice to the head, neck and chest, or wiping the body (especially the groin and armpits) with cool water. However, in no case should you douse yourself with such water!

Take overheating seriously. Even with mild symptoms, see a therapist. In a serious condition, the more you need to go to the emergency room or call an ambulance. Doctors will take measures to further cool the body, inject saline and intravenous glucose solution - in accordance with the rules of professional dehydration.

Keep in mind that overheating symptoms may recur a few hours after the person seems to be getting better. In addition, after overheating, you can feel jumps in body temperature for several weeks and a predisposition to such situations will remain.

You can also read about how to help yourself or give support to someone close to you in the article Sunstroke and heatstroke.

How to avoid overheating

Prevention is simple. If you are hot, then carefully monitor your condition. Take action, even if something just seems weird. Better to be safe than to overheat anyway.

In order not to overheat, try to be in a cool place on hot days and drink plenty of water. Get in the shower regularly.

It is worth walking in the open air during cool hours, that is, in the morning and in the evening. And even in this case, wear a hat - preferably white (this color reflects solar radiation as much as possible).

Wear clothes from natural materials. Apply sunscreen. Eat less fat.

Have mint candies on hand - they will not save you from severe overheating, but at the first, slight signs of sun or heat stroke, they can help you.

Remember that at risk are people with chronic diseases, hormonal disorders, allergies, as well as those who are overweight and weather sensitive. Those who take diuretics or tricyclic antidepressants, or are under the influence of alcohol or drugs, also become victims of overheating.

Overheating in children

With the onset of summer, parents of young children should be especially vigilant. A child cannot always tell about his state of health, and this is all the more dangerous, because the transition from one stage of overheating to another passes quickly. The younger the child, the faster and more acute the symptoms appear!

A child, just like an adult, may not be under the sultry rays, but still overheat.

Symptoms of overheating in children

The first wake-up call for parents, indicating that the child has overheated in the sun, a change in the color of the skin. The baby's skin can turn very pale or turn red sharply and even become blistered.

Dehydration is another sign of a physiological failure in the body.

Often children, especially very young ones, sweat noticeably in the heat. This is fine. However, when they overheat, on the contrary, sweating stops.

The child may also have a fever. There is a headache, nausea and dizziness. They are supplemented by shortness of breath, palpitations and blue lips. Darkness in the eyes. Lethargy and weakness appear, the baby stops frolicking, is naughty and tries to lie down.

What to do if the child is overheated in the sun

If you notice the slightest hint of overheating in a child, take him to a cool room and take off his clothes. Give him brackish water - it will restore the water-salt balance in the baby's body.

You can not pour cold water on the child, but you can let him take a bath at room temperature, let him sit in it for several minutes. After that, lay the baby horizontally.

Wipe the child with a wet cloth or cotton. You can also apply a cold compress to your forehead. Hold the ice in your armpits, on your elbows and knees.

An elevated temperature can last for several days, because the child had a failure in the process of thermoregulation. Dehydration can also make itself felt. Therefore, the child needs to drink more.

How to protect children from heatstroke

• do not go out for a walk when it is too hot (especially from 12 to 16 hours);
• be sure to cover your head;
• give your child more to drink;
• dress according to the weather, do not wrap;
• discard dark-colored clothes and synthetics;
• do not leave your child alone in the car - and do not leave him unattended at all!

Also watch a video on this topic from Dr. Komarovsky, who offers simple and effective solutions.

Let's hope that neither you nor your children will face such a nuisance as overheating, and we wish you good health and positive emotions!

And for a bright summer mood, listen to Lara Fabian, performing a positive song about the sun.

your feedback

11 comments

Overheat…. but I have another problem - I’m freezing (((Even in the heat I have cold hands and feet and it’s difficult to warm up ((I sleep under 3 blankets, in warm socks even in summer .... Now I remember how I laughed at my grandmother in my youth that she the heat went in a warm coat and felt boots ....

Nonna, you have problems with blood vessels. I think that's right .. I advise you to do a contrast shower and disperse the blood - it would be nice to do active sports or dances .. with age, we have very little movement .. and nutrition must be monitored. There are more living things..

In our apartment, from the heat at night, the dog had a heat stroke. The dog (cocker spaniel) lost consciousness. The first time we encountered this, we barely brought it to our senses. Now we take the heat more seriously

Yes, it turns out that overheating or the so-called “heatstroke” can also happen to an adult. Once my friend got so hot in the sun that she spent the whole summer in treatment.

And on my girlfriend, the clothes got so hot in the sun that they even self-ignited. Barely managed to put it out. But the burns on the skin remained. Now a friend has been taught by this grief and in the midst of hell, this is when it is more than 40 degrees, she never leaves the house again

Alevtina, well, how is this possible .. I'm talking about clothes that spontaneously ignited ... well, I don’t believe in this ..

Is this really possible...

Finally, it has become warmer and the summer air temperature is normal for the region, as it should be and always has been in past years. Now it costs +42 in the shade. Charm, this is our wonderful southern summer!

For those who need it, splits are used from overheating in the premises, but “behind the gate” are long-term pleasant water procedures - in pools, and on the river, and on the sea.

Thank you, Irina, for your helpful tips; they will definitely come in handy

Oh, Victor ... this is a shadow .... this is a wonderful southern summer .. it’s also not easy to withstand such heat ..

Irina, and we are like those petunias. Probably adapted, acclimatized here for many years. They grow and bloom beautifully in our flower beds in this heat under the direct sun (where it is over 50 degrees!) Even on dry soil - everything can withstand

We now have 34 degrees in the shade, and your advice will help both us and our children.

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Symptoms of sunstroke in adults: temperature and treatment

Signs and therapy of sunstroke are described based on the analysis of the course of hyperthermic syndrome. With this definition, doctors explain the excessive and rapid increase in heat, which the body cannot cope with.

The biological significance of temperature rise is the acceleration of physiological mechanisms and metabolism to combat the cause of nosology. With fever, the rate of formation of antibodies increases, the flow of phagocytosis (killer cells of microbes) accelerates to the focus of penetration of bacteria. To eliminate viruses, spirochetes, pathogenic microorganisms, the launch of inflammatory and allergic reactions is required. The faster the defenses are activated, the less pathological changes in the internal organs will be.

The danger is the excessive depletion of compensatory mechanisms. Human resources are not unlimited.

The hyperthermic syndrome that occurs after overheating by the sun's rays goes away on its own with a mild degree. Dizziness, moderate headache will disappear after the person takes a horizontal position, cools the skin, drinks a lot of liquid.

In adults, adaptation mechanisms are formed, unlike children, so decompensation from the heart and kidneys is rare. The disease is dangerous for elderly patients with diseases of the central nervous system - epilepsy, encephalopathy, cerebral edema. Against the background of pathology, the formation of convulsions is possible.

Nosology is created due to overheating of the brain. There is a violation of the microcirculation of blood vessels, edema, petechial hemorrhages.

For the development of the condition in an adult, exposure to direct sunlight is not necessary. Hyperthermic syndrome occurs due to being in a hot room, exposure to hot air from a fan, wearing synthetic clothing.

The manifestations of both options are similar, the treatment is also of the same type.

Symptoms in adults

Signs of overheating occur when the sweating systems are decompensated. Under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, the peripheral vessels of the skin expand. This mechanism is aimed at the return of an excess amount of fluid in order to maintain the physiological volume of blood. When the release of sweat occurs more slowly than the violation of blood supply, edema is formed adjacent to the tissues of the vessels. The clinical picture of nosology develops depending on the localization of the lesion. Consider common symptoms in adults:

1. Tachycardia is an acceleration of the heart rate. Physiologically, for every degree Celsius, the heart rate increases to 15 beats per minute;
2. Extrasystole - the appearance of irregular contractions;
3. An increase in pressure with a rise in temperature, a decrease in blood pressure - with a decrease;
4. With the formation of a temperature reaction (40-41 degrees), sweating increases. According to statistics, during the day in such a situation, a person loses 1 liter of moisture;
5. Proteinuria in the urine (transient) occurs due to increased permeability of the renal vessels;
6. Fever enhances the work of the gastrointestinal tract, blocks the secretion of gastric juice, increases intestinal motility;
7. The metabolism in cells increases by 10% with an increase in temperature by 0.5–0.6 degrees.

Other symptoms are due to metabolic acidosis, an excess buildup of lactic acid. Lactate is formed from carbohydrates initially. When the concentration of sugars decreases, the body uses fatty acids to synthesize lactate.

The most dangerous symptom is loss of consciousness. Scientific research established the cause of its formation. Under the action of direct rays in the brain cells, biochemical reactions of the synthesis of interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor are triggered. Substances contribute to the formation of inflammation. The more of them are formed, the more pronounced is the swelling of the tissues with the blockade of blood flow to the brain cells.

Hyperthermic syndrome is characterized by inadequate rapid fever. Physiological complexes cannot instantly cope with it. The result of the condition is the appearance of the following signs of nosology:

• metabolic disorders;
• Microcirculation disorders;
• Dysfunction of internal organs;
• neurological manifestations.

First symptoms and medical treatment

The clinical picture of the condition is specific for diagnosis:

1. Strong thirst, weakness;
2. headache, dizziness;
3. Feeling of pressure in the chest;
4. Aching pains in the back, limbs;
5. Increased breathing and heart rate;
6. Dry skin;
7. Decreased urination;
8. High temperature (39-41 degrees Celsius);
9. Coma, convulsions.

In severe cases, the face becomes cyanotic, the pupils of the eyes narrow, breathing becomes much faster, the likelihood of paralysis of the limbs increases, urination becomes irregular, vomiting and diarrhea may occur due to disruption of the gastrointestinal tract.

These signs of nosology are known to doctors, but common man it is important to know the symptoms of sun (heat) stroke for timely first aid:

• Headache;
• Dizziness;
• Cardiopalmus;
• redness of the face;
• Prostration;
• The temperature rises to 41 degrees.

There are risk groups for patients with the presence of predisposing factors:

1. Excess body weight;
2. Enhanced psycho-emotional background;
3. The presence of obstacles to heat dissipation;
4. Tight clothes;
5. Cardiovascular diseases;
6. neurological problems;
7. The state of alcoholic intoxication;
8. Smoking.

The condition is characterized by rapid development, sudden onset of manifestations, a sharp increase in the clinical picture. Without cooling of the skin in the presence of rapid breathing and heartbeat, a fatal outcome due to coma is possible.

Temperature

The thermometer readings differ depending on the severity of the pathology and the place of measurement.

The classic scheme for taking temperature readings in the armpit is not optimal. The center of thermoregulation is the hypothalamus (cerebral gland). To measure its heating, tympanic thermometers are used, which measure the infrared spectrum near the eardrum of the inner ear. For objective measurements, hold the thermometer for 3-5 minutes. More accurate figures are given by electronic devices.

There are special devices for measuring the heating of the oral cavity. It is enough to hold them in your mouth for 1 minute.

In Europe, patients in a coma use special strips equipped with heat-sensitive squares - indicators with digital marks. Markers gradually change color when heated. It is enough to apply the strip to the forehead for 15 seconds to get accurate results.

During thermal shock, two types of temperature reaction are distinguished:

Fever is a nonspecific protective reaction, accompanied by periodic rises and falls in temperature. Nosology reflects the balance of thermoregulation processes due to a decrease in heat transfer and the production of pyrogens.

Hyperthermia is not controlled by the body, but is the result of a breakdown in protective systems.

The main stages of fever:

At the prodromal stage, the symptoms are slightly expressed, which does not allow establishing a diagnosis and starting timely therapy. If hyperthermia is treated with early stage prevent serious complications (coma, paralysis).

The rise begins when the internal media are heated. Strengthening the tone occurs due to the activation of the sympathetic nervous system. Against the background of pathology, the centralization of blood flow increases, the tone of peripheral vessels increases. During the ascent stage, the following symptoms appear:

• The phenomenon of "goose skin";
• Marble pattern of the skin;
• Shiver;
• Feeling cold, chills;
• The specific "fetal position" of a person. Rolling up allows you to psychologically reduce the feeling of cold.

At the stage of stability, convection is controlled by regulation by the hypothalamus (“pyrogenicity core”). Depending on the severity of the nosology, the temperature reaction may decrease along the critical or lytic pathway. The slow form indicates a high compensatory capacity of the organism. A fast variant develops in people while taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

At this stage, the following manifestations of the disease are observed:

1. Symptoms of a white spot - a significant and rapid decrease in temperature;
2. Drowsiness;
3. lethargy;
4. Lethargy and weakness;
5. Decreased blood pressure.

There are several options for the temperature curve:

• Subfebrile (37.2-37.9 degrees);
• Moderate febrile (38-38.9);
• High febrile (up to 40);
• Hyperpyretic (over 40).

According to the duration of development, the following types of fevers are distinguished:

• Fleeting (several hours);
• Short (less than 2 weeks);
• Long (more than 2 weeks);
• Fever of unknown origin (more than 3 weeks).

According to the nature of the temperature curves, the following types of fevers are distinguished:

1. Constant;
2. Remittent;
3. laxative;
4. intermittent;
5. Perverted;
6. Wavy.

A decrease in the level of the temperature curve is often accompanied by undulations. The rise is followed by a decline. The number of cycles is determined by the intensity of the pathological process.

Principles of treatment

Therapy at the prehospital stage:

• The introduction of seduxen, diazepam intramuscularly;
• Relanium is used at a dose of 1 ml of a 0.5% solution to prevent muscle cramps;
• Analgin - 2 ml 50% sol. intravenously;
• 0.9% sodium chloride 1000 ml for 2-3 hours

Treatment with antipyretic drugs for heat stroke does not have a damaging effect on the body with a gradual decrease in the temperature curve with pharmaceutical agents.

Its increase by more than 6 degrees Celsius does not contribute to irreversible changes in brain structures. When choosing the tactics of prescribing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, it is necessary to conduct a thorough diagnosis of the human condition, focusing on age features organism. Before using pharmaceuticals, physical methods are recommended:

• Limitation of heat transfer by sheltering at a temperature of more than 39 degrees;
• Rubbing the victim with a sponge with warm water (37-38 degrees) for 5 minutes;
• Baths with a temperature reaction of more than 40 degrees Celsius.

At water temperature significantly reduces the effectiveness of antipyretics. Folk recipes with the addition of vodka do not make sense, since there is no increase in cooling. Baths with an increase in temperature reaction over 40 degrees. The water should cool down gradually (at first to 38, then to 36 degrees).

In addition to the above methods, the following treatment can be used:

• Abundant drinking regimen;
• sparing diet;
• Ventilation of the room;
• wrapping;
• Wrap.

Medical methods

There are methods of treatment with antimicrobial and antipyretic drugs. No worse than the reference analogues of generics. They are safe and effective for adults and children. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are common for treatment:

Paracetamol has an antipyretic effect. Recommended for emergency care in patients with hyperthermia. There are separate options for adults and children.

Principles of temperature reduction in thermal shock

For a stable reduction in heat, you should not bring it down to physiological values. According to medical studies, with the normal functionality of the “thermoregulation core”, it is enough to bring down the temperature by 1-2 degrees with conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (paracetamol, ibuprofen). You just need to choose the right dosage of drugs.

There are indications for the use of antipyretics:

• Temperature above 39.5 degrees in children older than 3 months;
• Headache, muscle aches;
• Febrile convulsions on the background of fever;
• severe heart disease;
• Acceleration of breathing;
• Diseases of the central nervous system, lungs.

Antipyretics are used by the course method in case of instability of the thermoregulation center.

With the likelihood of the development of the above complications, immediate hospitalization of the child is required.

A severe degree of sunstroke leads to a violation of natural functions: the duck is fed directly to the bed. The patient constantly needs a nurse, but with quality treatment, the restoration of lost functions occurs in 5-10 days. There is a rich arsenal of medical means for stopping the syndrome. Do not treat sunstroke at home on your own!

While I was reading, I had a sunstroke myself

Overheating in the sun - symptoms in adults

The long-awaited summer can be remembered not only by relaxing by the sea, interesting excursions and trips to picturesque forests, but also by rather unpleasant moments. One of them is overheating in the sun - symptoms in adults appear almost immediately, but they resemble the manifestations of SARS, and for a long time the victim does not even know about violations of thermoregulation. Therefore, the doctor, as a rule, is treated already with the consequences of the pathology.

What are the symptoms of overheating the body in the sun?

The clinical signs of the condition under consideration depend on the duration of exposure to ultraviolet rays and the degree of damage. There are 4 stages of overheating:

1. Lightweight. Thermoregulation is practically not disturbed, so the body temperature remains normal or slightly rises, but not more than 37.5 degrees. A person may complain of weakness, drowsiness, fatigue, low performance, apathy.

2. Average. Heat dissipation deteriorates due to a decrease in the intensity of sweating. Because of this, body temperature slowly rises to subfebrile values, usually it is 38-38.5 degrees. The victim is hot all the time, stuffy and thirsty, the pulse is quickened to beats per minute.

3. Heavy. In this case, when overheated in the sun, symptoms such as fever and diarrhea occur. The thermometer rises to the values ​​of degrees, the pulse is significantly accelerated (about 150 beats per minute). Additionally, the following signs are noted:

• redness of the skin of the face;
• fever;
• intense sweating;
• dry mouth, feeling of constant thirst;
• nervous excitement, replaced by apathy;
• tightness in the temples;
• pain in the epigastric region;
• bloating and rumbling of the abdomen;
• heartburn;
• unpleasant taste in the mouth;
• sometimes - heaviness in the region of the gallbladder.

4. Heat stroke or sunstroke. This is the most dangerous condition, as it is fraught with severe dehydration and oxygen starvation of tissues, including the brain. This pathology can lead to death. Typical signs of heat or sunstroke:

• arrhythmia;
• fever, fever;
• disorders of consciousness (delusions, hallucinations);
• fainting;
• vomit;
• frequent diarrhea;
• falling into a coma;
• cyanosis and pallor of the skin;
• cramps in the muscles of the limbs.

It is important to note that the listed clinical manifestations rapidly intensify, so a mild degree of pathology can quickly turn into a severe one, in just a few hours.

Symptoms of complications and consequences of overheating in the sun

The described problem causes a wide variety of diseases and negative reactions of the body. At best, an excess of ultraviolet radiation will lead to such phenomena:

• sunburn of the epidermis;
• prickly heat;
• dizziness;
• allergic rashes;
• skin irritation;
• dermatitis;
• infection of burns (streptostaphyloderma);
• blockage of the sebaceous glands, comedones;
• headaches.

But there are more serious symptoms after overheating in the sun, requiring qualified medical attention. Among them are the following:

• severe dehydration of the body;
• intoxication;
• oxygen starvation of internal organs and tissues;
• acute circulatory disorders;
• disruptions in the work of the heart;
• damage to the nervous system;
• internal hemorrhages;
• muscle paralysis;
• loss of consciousness;
• shortness of breath or choking;
• mental disorders;
• severe dyspeptic disorders;
• disorientation in space, time;
• visual and auditory hallucinations;
• heart failure;
• stop breathing.

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Overheating in the sun. Sun or heat stroke. Symptoms, causes, treatment.

What provokes / Causes of Heat Stroke:

Heatstroke sometimes occurs in sailors in the tropics, in workers in hot shops, in agricultural work, and in lovers of excessive sun tanning. Sometimes heat strokes occur during military marches on hot days, during hiking trips with improper organization and insufficient training of participants. The occurrence of heat stroke is facilitated by air humidity, irrational clothing, and individual sensitivity to temperature rise. Persons suffering from vegetative-vascular insufficiency, cardiovascular diseases, obesity and other metabolic disorders (in particular, with endocrine diseases) are more prone to overheating. Mortality due to heat stroke is high. So, when the body temperature rises above 41 ° C, up to half of the victims die.

The risk of getting sunstroke increases if the following conditions are present:

• 1. - direct exposure to the sun on an uncovered head;
• 2. - increased weather humidity;
• 3. - the presence of certain health problems, in particular: hypertension, vegetovascular dystonia, endocrine disorders, heart disease, obesity;
• 4. - age-related risks: children under 1 year old, especially newborns, and the elderly. Sunstroke in children and the elderly is the most likely and threatening, because babies still do not have enough perfect natural thermoregulation of the body, and in older people it already functions poorly;
• 5. - overweight, obesity;
• 6. - alcohol intoxication;
• 7. - smoking;
• 8. - stress, nervous tension.

Heat Stroke Symptoms:

There are mild, moderate and severe heat stroke. The onset is usually acute. There is an increase in respiration and heart rate, hyperemia of the skin, an increase in body temperature, sometimes reaching high numbers.

With a mild form of heat stroke, the disorders are limited to headache, nausea, and general weakness.

With moderate heat damage, more severe muscle weakness, severe headache, nausea and vomiting develop. Some general lethargy, staggering when walking, and sometimes fainting are noted. Respiration and pulse are sharply quickened. There is increased sweating. Body temperature rises to 40 °C.

A severe form of heat stroke develops suddenly. Motor excitation is often noted, sometimes mental disorders (hallucinations, delirium). Breathing is rapid, shallow, its rhythm is often disturbed. The pulse is speeded up to 120 or more beats per minute, weak. Heart sounds are muffled. The skin is pale, covered with sticky sweat. Body temperature rises to 41–43 °C. Diuresis is sharply reduced. The content of nitrogen and urea increases in the blood with a decrease in the amount of chlorides. Against the background of pronounced vegetative-vascular disorders, disorders of consciousness of varying depth and duration develop. Neurological examination reveals anisocoria, inhibition of the pupillary reaction to light and corneal reflexes, as well as reflexes on the extremities. Often there are motor excitation, vomiting, clonic-tonic convulsions, a coma, against which, in the most severe cases, fatal respiratory and cardiac disorders can develop.

Heat Stroke Treatment:

It is necessary to take measures to reduce body temperature: move the patient to the shade, free from restrictive clothing, put cold on the head, heart area and large vessels. It is necessary to ensure the introduction of a sufficient amount of liquid. In case of preservation of consciousness give cold water, tea, coffee. When excited, chlorpromazine, diphenhydramine are administered, with convulsions - anticonvulsants - sibazon (seduxen), chlorpromazine, phenobarbital, etc. In case of a decrease in cardiac activity, cardiac agents (cordiamin, caffeine, strophanthin) are used. With an increase in intracranial pressure, unloading lumbar punctures are indicated. When oxygen is inhaled, it is recommended to add carbon dioxide. In the subsequent treatment of the asthenic condition, vitamins of group B, iron and calcium preparations are prescribed.

And so, the signs of mild sunstroke are:

• 1. - headache;
• 2. - nausea;
• 3. - general weakness;
• 4. - quickening of breathing and pulse;
• 5. - dilated pupils.

Necessary measures: take out / leave the overheating zone, provide assistance. If there is nausea and vomiting, give the patient such a position that he does not choke on the vomit.

• First aid for sunstroke or heat

Actually, first aid for sunstroke and heat stroke is the same in both cases.

When the first symptoms appear, it is necessary to respond quickly by providing first aid to the victim. Do not forget at the same time that this is first aid, and it is better to call the ambulance team immediately, since it is usually difficult for a person to navigate and correctly assess the severity of the victim’s condition, especially if sunstroke is in children or the elderly.

General first aid rules: eliminate the influence of overheating factors - immediately take the victim to fresh air, always in the shade, or place him in a cool, well-ventilated room, lay him down with his head raised, unbutton the collar, or better undress to the waist. Put a cold compress on your head, spray your body with cold water. Give plenty of cool water to drink. The usual tincture of valerian will help well: 20 drops per third of a glass of water.

First aid for sunstroke:

• 1. - Move or transfer the victim to a shaded place or a cool room where there is enough oxygen and normal level humidity. It is desirable that the space in the nearest radius be open, without a mass stay of people;
• 2. - Without fail, the victim must be laid down;
• 3. - The head and legs must be raised by placing something under the neck and ankles, for example, a bag or a rolled up towel;
• 4. - Release the victim from outer clothing, in particular, squeezing the chest and neck, unfasten the collar, bra, remove the trouser belt, it is better to remove clothing made of synthetic or dense fabric, at least to the waist;
• 5. - Give the patient plenty of water to drink, always cool and preferably mineral, you can add sugar and salt, at the tip of a teaspoon;
• 6. - Moisten the victim's face with cold water, apply a cold wet cloth to the forehead and neck;
• 7. - Wet any cloth with cold water and pat on the chest, you can douse the whole body with water not warmer than 20 ° C, or, if the victim is able, take a cool shower - ° C;
• 8. - Apply to the head, under the back of the head and on the forehead, a cold compress, pieces of ice or a cold bottle;
• 9. - Fan the victim with frequent movements;
• 10. - If involuntary vomiting has begun, be sure to free the victim's airways from vomit, do not let him choke, turn him slightly on his side;
• 11. - The body can be sprayed with cold water or wrapped in a wet sheet;
• 12. - In case of clouding of consciousness, let the patient smell the vapors of a 10% ammonia solution;
• 13. - In case of respiratory distress, slightly moisten a cotton swab in ammonia (it is in any car first-aid kit) and carefully bring it several times to his nose;
• 14. - In case of emergency, if you faint, stop breathing, do not feel the pulse - do not wait for the doctors! Remember what you were taught in school and give artificial respiration to the victim and heart massage until respiratory movements, cardiac activity - be guided by the pulse;
• 15. - Buttermilk or simply low-fat cream - good remedy if you need first aid for sunstroke. It is recommended to drink them at least 2-3 glasses daily until the symptoms of sunstroke are completely gone.

Doctors, as a rule, after a sunstroke suffered by a person, recommend bed rest for several days. This time is necessary for the body to restore the activity of the nervous system, blood circulation, and a number of biochemical reactions. This recommendation should not be neglected, otherwise the risk of a repeated state of shock will increase.

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The summer sun is not only an ideal tanning bed and a source of vitamin D, but also the cause of a fairly common disease - overheating, or sunstroke. Moreover, both a child and an adult can suffer from it.

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We are publishing an important instruction that will help you not to get confused and provide first aid if a sunstroke does occur.

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Sunstroke

Sunstroke is the result of exposure to direct sunlight on an uncovered head. In this case, only the brain suffers from high temperature, and not the whole body, and you can get such a blow only by walking without a cap under the bright sun.

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Symptoms: headache, vomiting, respiratory problems and convulsions. Sometimes an increase in body temperature, nosebleeds and a violation of the pulse.

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Heatstroke

Unlike the sun, you don't have to be in the sun to get heatstroke. It is enough just to be in a stuffy, poorly ventilated room or to drag bags and suitcases in tight-fitting synthetic clothes - the body's thermoregulation mechanism will be disrupted, and it will no longer cope with the situation.

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Symptoms: headache, dizziness, lethargy and fatigue, agitation, disorientation or confusion. In severe cases, convulsions, loss of consciousness, hallucinations. Possible rapid pulse, high body temperature.

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How to distinguish sunstroke from heatstroke?

If the patient walked for several hours under the scorching sun, most likely only the head overheated. If he was in a stuffy room - we are already talking about heat stroke.

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What to do?

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What else can be done?

If sunstroke - you need to put a roller under your head.

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If thermal - put a roller under your feet.

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Doubt? Do both: then the blood will not rush to the head, and it will be distributed more evenly throughout the body, normalizing thermoregulation.

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How to prevent?

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Wear a hat in the sun.

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A hat, cap or kerchief must be white or light in color, otherwise it is practically useless.

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Use sunscreen at the beach.

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While tanning, your body receives not only a huge dose of ultraviolet radiation and darkens beautifully to a chocolate hue, but also a large amount of heat, which not every body can withstand. Of course, no cream will save you if you lie on the beach for hours, but you should not neglect jars with the inscription SPF.

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Drink more water

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If you find yourself in a region with a hot climate, your body needs not 2, as usual, but as much as 3 liters of water per day for normal operation. Therefore, make it a rule to always take a bottle of non-carbonated water with you.

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Wear clothes made from natural fabrics

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Especially if you are going to be in the sun for a long time or lift weights. Choose shirts made of cotton and linen for flights - although they wrinkle, they will not allow your body to overheat from carrying suitcases.

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Don't eat a lot of fatty foods

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Remember that when it is digested, thermal energy is also released, which can overwhelm the "cup of patience" of your body. Try instead of meat and fast food to lean on fruits, vegetables and dairy products. They are easier to digest and add water to your heat-dried body.

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Carry mints with you

From severe overheating, this little trick will not help, but it will save you if you feel a slight malaise.

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