In all insects, the body consists of three parts: head, chest, abdomen. The main difference between insects is six legs.
What do you see on the head of a butterfly? (antennae, eyes, proboscis) With the help of a proboscis, a butterfly drinks nectar. What is on the chest of a butterfly? (wings and legs) How many wings does a butterfly have? And how many legs?
Dragonfly and ladybug are also insects. Find the same parts as the butterfly. Count the number of legs.
This is a praying mantis and a grasshopper. They are insects.
How do insects move? Many of them fly - for this they have wings. A dragonfly can reach a speed of 40 km / h. Some insects walk, jump, crawl. A grasshopper can jump up to 20 times its body length. And if he releases his wings, he will fly away, planning even further.
How do insects eat? Some eat plants, others eat the smallest living creatures, others eat both. Some feed on blood.
The jaws of the grasshopper, with which it bites off pieces of grass, act like wire cutters.
The female mosquito proboscis, like a syringe, pierces the skin and sucks out blood.
The fly's mouth organs absorb liquid like a sponge collects water.
The color and shape of the body of many insects depends on where they live. This helps them hide from enemies. Some become invisible due to coloration. In others, the coloring is so bright that enemies do not dare to approach them. Still others release a jet of caustic chemicals with a pungent odor at the moment of danger.
By the number of species, insects are the richest group of animals in the world. Insects vary in size. The largest beetle in the world lives in South America. This is a Hercules beetle. Its length is 16 cm.
The largest beetle in our country is the Ussuri woodcutter, a giant up to 11 cm long.
In front of you is a stag beetle and a spider. Compare them. What is the difference?
Who are these insects? How can they be distinguished from other animals? Name the insects you know. Is a spider an insect? Why?
At the head is mouth - sense organ. There is antennae, some animals have proboscis. The eyes have a special structure: insects are short-sighted, but they perfectly see movement, color. Limbs are located on the chest insects have 6 legs. At the same time, the paws serve not only for movement. Some use them to collect pollen, others for hunting and jumping, and some for swimming or sensing sounds. The abdomen contains internal organs.. There is everything to ensure the life of the body. One of the distinguishing features is the presence wings. Most members of this class can fly.
With the exception of the seas, insects are found almost everywhere: in swamps, meadows, forests, mountains, and even in human habitation. Their diversity is great, but they are distributed unevenly around the world.
Scientists divide insects according to the method of reproduction into 2 groups:
1. when a larva appears from the egg, resembling an already adult insect (Fig. 2);
2. The larva turns into a pupa and then turns into an adult (Fig. 3).
.
Rice. 2. The first method of reproduction ()
Rice. 3. The second method of reproduction ()
Found in nature herbivorous insects. They feed on plants, pollen and plant sap. These insects include. They are lovers of disguise. It is difficult to notice the Stick insect among the trees and foliage. When danger threatens, he can easily lose his leg, a new one will still grow (Fig. 4).
Rice. 4. Stick ()
They feed on plant sap. Their males are the loudest singers among insects. The chirping sounds like the whistle of a locomotive. There are very large cicadas (Fig. 5).
The variety of butterflies is simply amazing. Their wings are like magnificent flowers. They pollinate plants by flying from one plant to another. Nectar is obtained with a proboscis.
Herbivorous insects also include aphids, bees, leaf beetles.
Meet predatory insects. They feed on other insects and their larvae. A prominent representative of predators is (Fig. 6). He can lie in wait for his prey for hours, merging with the terrain. Then instantly attacks the victim.
Who doesn't know ladybug? It turns out that she is also a predator, only useful to humans and outwardly pretty. Destroys aphids, spider mites.
And how the flight of amazing creatures fascinates us - dragonflies(Fig. 7)! These helicopter pilots develop pretty decent speed, they can go on a long journey. The predator likes to eat mosquitoes and other insects.
Rice. 7. Dragonfly ()
Among predators there is a swimming beetle, ground beetle.
It should also be considered omnivorous insects. These animals can feed on vegetation as well as other animals and even their blood. For example, a cricket (Fig. 8) eats leaves, but at a meeting it can eat its rival.
Among the omnivorous insects there are bloodsuckers. They feed on the blood of humans and animals. These are mosquitoes, horseflies, midges.
Others chose the corpses of other animals as food for themselves. They lay their eggs there. These include gravedigger beetle(Fig. 9) , carrion beetle(Fig. 10).
Rice. 9. Gravedigger beetle ()
Rice. 10. Corpse-eater ()
There are even insects that do not disdain to eat the remains of human and animal life. This is a dung beetle (Fig. 11) and a scarab.
Rice. 11. Dung beetle ()
Insects that live in families are called social insects. Who among us has not seen at least once a bee family or an anthill? These insects live in their states, there are their own rules and laws. bee family - this is a well-functioning mechanism, where each individual has his own responsibilities. There is a main queen, drones, worker bees. Each family member knows his place.
Ants- the most famous social insects. Anthills are entire cities in which a real economy is arranged. There is a female, males, worker ants, and also soldiers. Some species of ants keep aphids in their dwellings as dairy cows.
termites also social insects. Their lifestyle is similar. These insects are even confused with ants, although their ancestors are cockroaches.
Bumblebees and wasps are considered social insects.
Among insects there are those that benefit. The man has been breeding for a long time silkworm, it produces silk threads (Fig. 12).
Rice. 12. Silkworm ()
Also, a person is engaged in breeding domestic bees to collect honey.
Lacquer bug can produce natural resin and paint.
Among insects, there are pollinators of plants that contribute to the reproduction of plants, and hence a good harvest.
Some Insects are beneficial in that they destroy garden and garden pests. This firefighter beetle(Fig. 13), fly- hoverfly(fig. 14), lacewing(Fig. 15).
Rice. 13. Firefighter beetle ()
Rice. 14. Hoverfly fly ()
Rice. 15. Goldeneye ()
There are insects that are involved in the formation of soil. They loosen the earth, helping it to be saturated with oxygen.
Insect orderlies process the remains of animals and plants.
Many of the insects are food for other animals.
There are outright pests in the world of insects . These include mole. Its larvae eat wool, which means they spoil things (Fig. 16).
Many insects damage and destroy crops. This locust(Fig. 17) , Colorado potato beetle(Fig. 18) , leaflet(Fig. 19). Dealing with their invasion is quite difficult.
Rice. 18. Colorado beetle ()
Rice. 19. Leaflet ()
Destroy buildings, spoil furniture grinder beetle(Fig. 20) , barbel beetle(Fig. 21) .
Rice. 20. Grinder beetle ()
Rice. 21. Barbel beetle ()
Interesting Facts from their life.
For example, one of the smallest insects is North American featherwing. In this bug, the body length does not even reach 1 mm.
The longest is tropical stick insect. Can have a body up to 36 cm.
Some night butterflies have a wingspan of 32 cm. They are also record holders.
Or the sea water strider, is perhaps the only insect currently known that lives in the sea (Fig. 27).
Rice. 27. Water bug ()
The largest beetle on the planet - titan beetle from South America (Fig. 28). It can reach the size of a hamster. Body length is up to 22 cm.
Rice. 28. Titan beetle ()
Tiny stinging insects woodlice flap their wings at an incredible rate of 62,760 times per minute.
dragonflies are the fastest flying insects. The speed of their movement can reach 50 km / h.
In the southern United States there is seventeen year old cicada. Its larvae burrow into the soil, where they live and grow. And only after 17 or 13 years they are born.
Did you know that ants never sleep? Butterflies taste food with their hind legs. Crickets have ears on their front legs.
A female cockroach can lay over 2 million eggs in a year. In addition, a cockroach can live for 9 days without a head.
The list of interesting facts from the life of animals can go on and on.
The following lesson will help you get an idea about the topic “Pisces. Signs of fish. On it we will consider animals for which the water element is their home. We learn the features of their structure, habitats and distinctive features of fish.
Bibliography
- Samkova V.A., Romanova N.I. The world 1. - M.: Russian word.
- Pleshakov A.A., Novitskaya M.Yu. The world around 1. - M .: Education.
- Gin A.A., Faer S.A., Andrzheevskaya I.Yu. The world around 1. - M .: VITA-PRESS.
- Mir-nasekomyh.ru ().
- Maaam.ru ().
- Micromirok.ru ().
Homework
- Describe insects. Name the representatives.
- Describe the structure of insects.
- What interesting facts do you know about insects?
- * Prepare a report on the topic: What is the most voracious animal? Wolf, goat, dragonfly. Prove it.
Subject: What are insects?
Target:
To form ideas in children about the class of insects, their diversity and significance for nature; highlight their essential and distinctive features;
Tasks:
–develop logical thinking (synthesis, analysis, classification, generalization);
Develop communicative qualities of speech;
Equipment: presentation, picture of insects, cards for individual work.
During the classes
I. Organizational moment. Every day, always, everywhereIn the classroom, in the game.
Feel free to speak clearly
And we sit quietly. II. Checking homework. What did we talk about in the last lesson? - Who are the fish? - What river fish do you know? - Give examples marine fish - Today at the lesson we will continue our acquaintance with animals. III. New material. - Our Ant invited the wise Turtle to visit his friends. Let's guess who it is?
1. A violinist lives in a meadow, wears a tailcoat and walks galloping (grasshopper)
2. Stands on one leg, stares into the water.
Pokes his beak at random, looking for frogs (heron) in the river
3. Above the pond is a flexible vine,
Hung on her...
(dragonfly)4. The housewife flew over the lawn,
Pat over the flower and share the honey (bee)
5. Flies, squeaks, drags long legs,
The case will not miss, sit down and bite (mosquito)
6. The flower was sleeping and suddenly woke up -
I didn't want to sleep anymore.
Moved, stirred
It flew up and flew away.
(butterfly)7. Small in stature, but a hard-working and real hunter,
Collects a house from needles, saves a forest from caterpillars (ant)
8. Winter has gone to distant lands, a shaggy buzzed over the meadow: (bumblebee)
Who is out of place here? (heron) Why? (bird) (picture)
- And what do you think, what will we talk about today at the lesson? (about insects)
III. Topic message.
- As you may have guessed, the topic of our today's lesson is: Who are insects! - But what tasks we will solve today in the lesson, let's read in the textbook on page 32.
These animals live everywhere: on water and under water; on the ground and underground; v thick grass;
and in the old stump.
How can we recognize an insect? - Look carefully and tell me who is shown in the picture? - What do you think, who is the insect here? - And to make sure who was right, let's figure out who these insects are? - The main features that only insects have will help us find out.
2) Determination of signs of insects
- Guys, look carefully at the blackboard, you high school students have prepared material that will help us highlight the main signs of insects. -Let's call who is drawn here (children call and show) - Look carefully and say what the same parts are in all insects.
As the signs are determined, signs with the inscription of the sign are placed on the board.
1 sign
"6 legs"
At different types Insect paws serve a variety of purposes. For example, bees and bumblebees use their paws to collect pollen in "baskets" on their hind legs. Praying mantises use their front paws to hunt, pinching their prey with them. Grasshoppers and fleas make powerful jumps to escape the enemy, and water bugs use them to swim
So how do insects differ from other groups of animals? (the presence of legs)
Let's take a closer look and count how many legs insects have. (We count together with the children)
So how many legs did we count? (6 legs)
2 sign
But not only this distinguishes insects from other animals. Let's try to name the body parts of insects.
What body parts of the insect do you see? (head, chest, abdomen...)
Signs are displayed.
"head"
"breast"
"abdomen"
- what do you see as a feature of the structure of the body of insects? (body divided) So, the body of an insect consists of 3 parts.3 sign of insects (presence of antennae)
- Let's take a closer look at what insects have on their heads, but other animals don't? (antennae)
Why do you think insects need antennae?
What do night butterflies eat? (nectar).
And how do they find at night desired flower? After all, night flowers are dim. They bloom at dusk, when the color is hard to see. (Smell helps.)
But insects do not have a nose, they catch smells with the help of antennae.
tendrils feature many insects, which helps them to eat (a sign appears on the board).
Antennae are a characteristic feature of many insects.
And what do insects eat? (plants, larvae of other insects, pollen)
Look, I have a sponge, a syringe, wire cutters in my hands. What do you think these items have to do with insect nutrition? (similar to how insects eat)
And now let's check your assumptions and determine what relation these objects have to insects. .(The story is accompanied by a show)
The jaws of the grasshopper, with which it bites off the grass, act like wire cutters.
The female mosquito with a proboscis, like a syringe, pierces the skin and sucks out blood
Mouth organs flies soak up liquid like a sponge
This is how insects eat.
4 sign (presence of two pairs of wings)
Consider the insects again and answer the question, how else do insects differ from other animals? (6 legs, two pairs, there are antennae, the body structure is different)
What helps them move? (wings)
Animals of which group also have wings? (Birds) How many? (Pair)
How many wings do insects have? (4 wings)
The sign "two pairs of wings" appears
But do all insects have wings? There are those who do not have them (ants, cockroaches and others).
Now list all the signs of animals that belong to the group "insects" (head, chest, abdomen, 6 legs, antennae, 2 pairs of wings)
IV
. Fizminutka "Grasshoppers"
We raise our shoulders
Grasshoppers are jumping
1.2 sat down,
We ate grass
Quiet, quiet high
Jumping on toes easily
V. Work on the topic of the lesson
1) Work with the textbook p.32 figureLet's go back to the picture in the textbook and see, already knowing the main signs of insects, who is the insect here?
Why other animals are not insects
Whiteboard work
Let's see if all insects have the signs that we have identified? (in several insects we determine these signs at the blackboard, the children come out and show)
Individual work on cards. Game "What is missing"
Look carefully, you have cards on the tables with an insect drawn on them.
Who can say what is the name of this insect?
Look carefully, your insect is missing some part, identify this part and draw it with a pencil. (Completing a task)
Now give your work to a neighbor and check how you coped with the task. If necessary, correct the neighbor's mistake with a pencil.
VI. PHYSMINUTKA
We got up, I will now check who is attentive with us, I will name the animals. If it's an insect, then you're showing what it does.
Bee, ant, crucian carp, grasshopper, butterfly, sparrow, dragonfly, cockroach.
Well done, you were very attentive, and now we sit down quietly.
VII. Work on the topic of the lesson.
1) Whiteboard work
What other insects do you know that live in our area?
Yes, the world of insects in our area is diverse, let's look at the picture on the board and say which insects live in our area.
2) Generalization So, we got acquainted with a new class of animals - the class "Insects". The body of the insect is covered with stripes, as if notched. Therefore, they are called "insects", from the word "notch", "notch".They are called the masters of the planet Earth. This is the largest group of living organisms on Earth. Insects live alone and in large families. Insects eat differently. Among them are plant lovers and predators, bloodsuckers and eaters of wool and fabric.
Insects have excellent hearing, sight and smell. They can defend themselves, bite, sting, pierce the skin.
Insects include both beneficial and harmful insects.
Name the harmful insects (Colorado potato beetle, mosquitoes, tsetse fly, cabbage butterfly, aphids, moths)
Name beneficial insects. (bees, ants, beetles, butterflies).
What do you know about these insects?
Children's story.
Benefit:
bees - the main pollinators of almost all flowering plants. But they are also the benefits brought by bees in the fight against various harmful insects in the fields, orchards etc. The fact is that by choosing from the flowers all the nectar that harmful insects could eat, the bees deprive the latter of the possibility of existence.
The redhead is considered the leader in the extermination of harmful insects. ant. When they dig underground passages, they loosen the soil, enrich organic fertilizers, mixing the ground and spread the seeds.
ladybugs and their larvae feed on aphids. Dung beetles and their larvae, eating manure, are a kind of orderlies.
Benefit butterflies and that they are food for birds. Among butterflies there are also domesticated forms. These are oak and mulberry silkworms. Which a person uses as a raw material for silk production.
Harm .
colorado potato beetle attacks on the bushes of potatoes and tomatoes, eating the leaves. As a result, fruits are not formed, and bush dies.
Some mosquitoes carry such diseases as: malaria, mosquito fever, amuhi - causative agents of gastrointestinal diseases.
mole, and especially its caterpillars, are the main agricultural pest: it eats apple trees and cabbage. But we are most familiar with the domestic moth, which eats fabric and fur.
But, despite this, all insects are important.
VI. Reflection
Who are these insects?
Let me know if you enjoyed today's lesson. If yes, then draw a smile on our emoticons, if not, then draw a sad face.
VII. Lesson summary
- Let's slap ourselves. What good fellows we are today. We coped with everything. And as a memento of our lesson, you get a sticker with an insect. - Thanks to all. The lesson is over.Class: 1
Lesson type: discovery of new knowledge.
The purpose of the lesson: create conditions for the formation in children of ideas about the distinctive features of the structure of insects and show their diversity and beauty.
Lesson objectives:
- Educational:
- create conditions for the formation of children's ideas about the concept of "insect";
- create conditions for the formation of the ability to see, compare, generalize and draw conclusions;
- Developing:
- develop cognitive interest in the world around us by attracting entertaining material, creating problem situations;
- develop logical thinking, imagination, perception, speech;
- Educational:
- educate interest in the world around;
- promote the education of respect for nature, readiness to follow the norms of environmental behavior;
- cultivate the ability to listen to others.
Expected results.
As a result of the lesson, students will be able to:
Subject educational results:
- compare body parts of different insects;
- recognize insects in riddles, from drawings;
- give examples of insects;
- use the sign of insects to determine whether an animal belongs to a given group;
- write a continuation of a fairy tale;
- work in pairs and groups, using the information provided to obtain new knowledge;
Meta-subject educational results:
- regulatory:
- accept and maintain the goals and objectives of educational activities, seek means of its implementation;
- carry out self-examination;
- answer final questions and evaluate your achievements in the lesson;
- cognitive:
- to master ways of solving problems of a creative and exploratory nature;
- master the logical actions of comparison, analysis, classification by features;
- put forward hypotheses and justify them;
- communicative:
- listen to the interlocutor and conduct a dialogue;
- recognize the possibility of the existence of different points of view and the right of everyone to have their own, express their opinion and argue their point of view and assessment of events;
- personal:
- accept and learn social role student;
- understand the motive learning activities and personal meaning of the doctrine;
- be respectful of other opinions.
Forms of study: frontal, individual, work in pairs, work in groups.
Equipment: textbook "The world around" (A.A. Pleshakov); multimedia projector; Presentation for the lesson "What are insects?" (POWER POINT environment); "TRAFFIC LIGHT" to evaluate their achievements; costume Ant Question; yellow, red and green chips to complete the test; images of insects for guessing riddles that are scattered on the walls of the classroom; cards "Who is not an insect?"; collections of insects; chamomile and butterflies for reflection.
DURING THE CLASSES
I. Self-determination for activity (organizational moment)
Target: contribute to the psychological mood of students for the lesson.
The lesson begins by reading the following lines of poetry:
Teacher. Guys! Ready for the lesson?
Children. Yes!
Teacher. I hope for you, my friends.
Children.
We are a good friendly class -
Everything will work out for us!
Teacher.
Sit down please girls.
Sit down please boys.
II. Actualization and fixation of an individual difficulty in a trial action
Target: check the knowledge of children on the material covered by testing (choosing the correct answer from several).
- In the last lesson, we learned a lot of new and interesting things with you. What was the topic of the previous lesson? ("What are needles?")
- I propose to test your knowledge with the help of the test. Listen carefully to the questions, and post the answers using the colored circles.
1. How to correctly name a leaf of a coniferous tree?
a) thorn;
b) a needle;
c) needle. ( Presentation . slide 2)
2. Which of the coniferous trees sheds leaves for the winter?
a) pine;
b) larch;
c) cedar. (Slide 3)
3. Which tree is not coniferous?
a) larch;
b) bird cherry;
c) spruce. (Slide 4)
4. Which tree is not deciduous?
a) cedar;
b) birch;
c) aspen. (Slide 5)
5. This is a tall coniferous tree. It has long sharp needles.
a) pine;
b) larch;
c) spruce. (Slide 6)
Let's check your results.
(Test evaluation criteria:
no errors - yellow traffic light;
1-2 errors - green traffic light;
3 errors or more - red traffic light.)(Slide 7)
- Well done, who did not make a single mistake. And what can you advise to those who still made a mistake?
III. Statement of the educational task (identification of the place and cause of the difficulty).
Target: formation of motivation to search for a solution to the problem (task).
- Put your head on the table, close your eyes and imagine that it's summer. The bright sun shines. And we ended up on a green lawn. Our friends live here, get to know them. (The recording of the sounds of bees in the meadow turns on.)(Slide 8)
- Who is this?
What is the name of these animals in one word? (Insects.)
What kind of animals do we call insects? By what signs do you determine that this is an insect?
- State the purpose of the lesson. (Learn which animals we call insects.)
– In the lessons of the world around us, the heroes of the textbook help us to study the world. Check out one of them:
Working from morning to night
Builds a very tall house.
Anthill - warm house,
Millions of rooms in it.
Who is building? Tell me quickly!
This is a tiny... (ant.)(Slide 9)
- Meet Question Ant. (The Question Ant enters the class and says:
- Guys, I met the Wise Turtle on the way, and she told me that I was an insect. And who are these insects?
“Let’s help Questioner figure this out.” Sit down with us Ant, be careful, the guys and I will try to help you.
IV. Fizminutka "Bees"
(One of the hands is on the table, leaning on the elbow, the fingers are spread out (the image of the Christmas tree). On the second hand, the fingers close into a ring (the image of the beehive). The “beehive” is pressed against the “Christmas tree”).
Small house on the tree
(Children look into the "hive").
Home for bees, but where are the bees?
Gotta knock on the house
(They clench their fists, knock each other with them.)
One, two, three, four, five.
I knock, I knock on the tree,
(Bang fists against each other, alternating hands)
Where, where are these bees?
They suddenly began to fly:
(Shrug their arms, spread their fingers and move them (the bees fly))
One, two, three, four, five! )
IV. Discovery of new knowledge about insects. Research
Target: create conditions for independent search for signs of insects.
1) Determination of signs of insects.
- Look carefully at the slide and name the animals that are depicted on it. (Bee, dragonfly, ant.)(Slide 10)
What are the same parts of all these animals? ( Signs are considered as children define them. As signs are identified, signs with the inscription of the sign are placed on the board.)
- So, insects are those animals that have wings, antennae, three parts of the body, 6 legs. Only insects have such signs. Let's test our hypotheses. We need to highlight the most main feature by which the insect can be identified.
2) Examination of the first hypothesis: "Insects are those who have wings."
"Wings"
Why do you think insects have wings?
Insects use wings mainly for flight. Most insects have four wings, but some orders have only a pair of wings (mosquitoes, flies).
Everyone knows that many insects can make sounds: some buzz, others creak, whistle and even sing ... Many insects are able to "talk" with their wings, vibrating them at different frequencies. For instance:
- butterfly swallowtail makes 5-6 strokes per second;
- the cockchafer buzzes, making 45-50 wing beats per second;
- ladybugs in flight flap their wings up to 100 times per second;
– bees work their wings even more actively – up to 450 strokes per second. Mosquitoes are rightfully considered record holders for "pattering wings" - 500-600, and for some - up to 1000 strokes per second. At this frequency, the emitted sound becomes unpleasant for our ear.
Remember how we are annoyed by the nocturnal itching of a flying mosquito.
But are insects the only ones with wings?
- So, this sign cannot be considered the main one. (Slide 11)
3) The study of the second hypothesis: "Insects are those who have antennae."
- What are your guesses, why do insects need antennae?
The antennae of an insect are the sense organs with which it perceives smells and distinguishes between tastes. The longer the antennae, the more sensitive they are. Some insects feel the surrounding objects with their antennae, as we do with our fingers.
Do only insects have antennae?
- So, this sign cannot be considered the main one. (Slide 12)
4) The study of the third hypothesis: "Insects are those whose body consists of three parts: the head, chest and abdomen."
"The body is made up of parts: head, chest, abdomen."
“But is it only in insects that the body is divided into such parts?” In crustaceans and arachnids, the head and thorax are interconnected, and there is also an abdomen. (Slide 13)
5) Study of the fourth hypothesis: "Insects are those who have three pairs of legs."
- In different types of insects, the legs serve different purposes. For instance:
- the bees have special baskets on their forelimbs, in which they put pollen;
- the water beetle has a kind of oars on its hind legs, special hairs have grown on them, with which the insect makes rowing movements;
- praying mantises use their front paws for hunting, pinching their prey with them;
- Grasshoppers and fleas make powerful jumps to escape from the enemy.
Are there any other animals with three pairs of legs? So this is the main feature of insects?
- So how do insects differ from other groups of animals? (The presence of three pairs of legs.)(Slide 14)
V. Primary fastening. Game "Recognize the insect"
Target: check the assimilation by students of the acquired knowledge about the representatives of the group of insects.
- Now let's check how you know the representatives of the insect group and play the game "Know the insect." Pay attention to the main sign of insects, is it respected?
(Children standing up listen to the riddle, guess it and show the image of this insect in the class.)(Annex 1 )
He circles the room.
Evil squeaks, itches, buzzes.
He sat quietly on my forehead.
I slap him with a swing!
He dodged the fight.
Getting ready to attack again.
Turns the night into a nightmare
This little one …(Mosquito)(Slide 15)
– Who was in Usinsk? Have you seen the monument to the mosquito there? On October 12, 2012, the mosquito became the hero of the monument, as it is the most common living organism that lives in the northern tundra.
In the meadows and on the edge,
In the midst of green grass
Disguised skillfully
Long-haired cheerful!
his chirping,
Often cuts ears
He doesn't trust anyone
Do you want no? And listen!
Legs are long at the shoulders
Well! Learned? He... (Grasshopper)(Slide 16)
Who is a little light already in flight
From flower to flower
Covered in pollen, all day at work
And it buzzes for sure!
Who gives us fragrant honey:
May, lime, radiant,
So that you don't get a cold?
Who hurts? (Bee)(Slide 17)
That cow doesn't moo
No horns, hooves, tail,
Doesn't give us milk
Lives under the leaves.
Red cloak with black dots
wears a beetle. Plants - the guardian.
Deftly fights with harmful aphids
this... (ladybug)(Slide 18)
Everyone gets bored of her
And flies through the rooms
It rises and frolics again,
She does not sit comfortably.
Everything flies and buzzes
Sitting on the window glass
gilded belly,
Guessed? This - ... (Fly)(Slide 19)I watch the flight
I need a helicopter.
Who are you? Well, wait.
long ponytail blue
Wings, as if in a cobweb,
Very thin ice cubes.
And huge eyes.
Who is this? (Dragonfly)(Slide 20)
- So, do all the insects presented in the riddles have 6 legs?
VI. Independent work in pairs with verification according to the standard
Target: organize the performance of the task in pairs using new knowledge about insects, their verification according to the STANDARD.
- And now I invite you to test your knowledge on this topic in pairs. You must find on the cards animals that are not insects and cross them out. (Children do the task.)(Appendix 2
)
Let's check the result of your work. (Pairs express their point of view, and then check their work against the standard.)(Slide 21)
VII. Independent work in groups.
Target: organize independent performance of tasks using new knowledge about insects.
- I suggest you become scientists and identify the essential features of the animals that you have in your collections. They all belong to the same group.
(On the desks of each group of the insect collection.)
- Look carefully at the collections, determine what unites these animals in one group.
– Begin your answer with the words: “We have explored ….”
VIII. Creative work "The role of insects in nature and human life"
Target: to develop the ability to logically complete a fairy tale, the ability to comprehend what is perceived and correctly complete a thought in order to cultivate a caring attitude towards insects.
“And now we will try to compose a fairy tale together. I will start and you will continue. Listen carefully, try to understand what it is about?
Fairy tale "Animal Dispute"
All the animals gathered in a circle and began to argue who is the most important and who needs to be removed from the insects.
The bear says "" There are a lot of insects on Earth, there are more of them than all animals together. Let's leave only useful insects, otherwise these mosquitoes and flies only bite and carry infections, and wasps rob bees, steal my honey. Let's just leave the bees and butterflies."
And the frogs and birds answer: “These are mosquitoes and flies, wasps interfere, but if there are none, then we will die. After all, it is our food. We feed on these insects."
Then the animals decided ...
- Continue the story. What did the animals decide?
Conclusion:"Insects are all needed."
How should a person treat insects?
- And now, guys, I will show the conventional signs, and can you guess what they mean? (The teacher shows conventional signs: “Do not catch butterflies, bumblebees, dragonflies and other insects”, “Do not destroy insects”, “Do not ruin anthills”)(Slide 22)
IX. Reflection of learning activities in the classroom.
Target: to help students develop the capacity for introspection.
- You have done research and found out what kind of animals we call insects. Determined the main feature by which you can identify the insect.
- Ant, do you understand why they call you an insect?
– Tell us about your life.
(Ant Questioner reads a poem)
Ants live in families.
How many of them, oh-oh-oh!
The house in the forest stands among the trees.
From dry grass, needles,
Small branches and earth.
Everything they could bring.
This fabulous mound
Settled in a pine forest.
Ants, there are soldiers.
Very brave guys.
The house is bravely defended,
And the enemies are not allowed.
There are hard workers.
They get tired, poor things.
They work all day
About your housing in care.
Entrances-exits are digging,
Rubbish is removed from the nest.
Food is brought in reserve
They hide supplies for the winter.
The female will lay eggs
Neatly folded into nests.
Take the kids out of them
Red, lively ants.
Ants in the forest are useful -
Save from diseases.
They eat harmful midges
That trees protect.
So that in summer and spring
The forest rustled with its foliage.
Autumn is a wonderful time.
Get it together, kids
In the forest for berries, mushrooms,
Avoid bushes and bumps.
Don't break the anthill.
Protect from trouble.
Thanks Ant!
- I suggest you evaluate your work in the lesson with the help of multi-colored butterflies:
YELLOW BUTTERFLY - coped with all the tasks in the lesson, I know the main sign of insects.
BLUE BUTTERFLY - not all tasks were clear in the lesson, but I know the main sign of insects.
RED BUTTERFLY - I need help, I did not understand anything in the lesson. (Slide 23)
- I suggest you plant your butterflies on a chamomile and comment on your choice. (Children comment on the choice of the color of the butterfly and attach it to the flower.)
- You are great! It was my pleasure to work with you. I saw smart, interested children!
Used literature and materials INTERNET:
- N.N. Chernoivanova. The world. Grade 1: the system of lessons according to the textbook by A.A. Pleshakov. - Volgograd: Teacher, 2015
Outline of the lesson on the world around
in grade 1 on the topic:
"Who are insects?"
Teacher: Vasilyeva Irina Yurievna
MOU secondary school No. 53 of the Adler district of Sochi
Synopsis of an integrated lesson on the world around us in grade 1
on the topic of: "Who are insects?"
The program "School of Russia" edited by A.A. Pleshakov.
The purpose of the lesson:
Introduce students to the characteristics of insects.
Lesson objectives:
Form in children general idea about insects, their distinguishing features;
Use differentiation and individualization of learning;
Raise respect for the environment;
Develop the creative imagination of students.
Equipment:
Interactive whiteboard, multimedia presentation "Insects", pictures depicting insects: bee, butterfly, beetle, grasshopper, dragonfly, ladybug; six circles brown, five green, five blue; appliqué kits (a circle of black paper, two semicircles of red and white paper, six small black circles, a sheet of green cardboard, scissors, glue, colored paper, black marker).
Lesson plan:
- Organizational moment (1 min)
- Introductory conversation (4-5 minutes). "Entry" into the topic of the lesson.
- Disclosure of the topic of the lesson. (10-12 min)
- Work with the textbook (7-8 min)
- Application execution (8-10 min)
- Summary of the lesson (2 min)
2-3 minutes are allotted for physical education sessions during the lesson.
During the classes.
1. Organizational moment.
Long awaited call
The lesson starts.
Guys, hello! Sit quietly in your seats.
2. Introductory conversation.
Dear guys, what time of year is it now (autumn), and more recently it was ... (children's answers are summer). (SLIDE 1)Imagine that it's summer. The bright sun shines. And we ended up on a green lawn. It was here that Ant Question asked us. This is where his friends live.
But who are they? Guess!
It's a lot of fun here at this time. How many bees fly near flowering grasses (SLIDE 2). Smells like honey. Butterflies fly over the flowers (SLIDE 3), bumblebees hum (SLIDE 4), beetles (SLIDE 5), and grasshoppers chirp in the grass (SLIDE 6).
Who can name Question Ant's friends? (Children's answers are bees, butterflies, bumblebees, beetles, grasshoppers, dragonflies.)
What word can we call them? (Insects.)
Who guessed what we will talk about today in the lesson? (About insects.)
How else can we call the Ant? (Insect.)
Solve the riddle. Which insect are you talking about here?
Above the flower flutters, dances,
Waving a patterned fan.
(Butterfly)
Let's pretend that we are beautiful butterflies(children get up).
Fizkultminutka.
The flower was sleeping, (the children sat down))
And suddenly woke up! (get up, stretch)
I didn't want to sleep anymore! (shake head)
Smiled, startled, (waved their hands)
Soared up and flew away! (turn around and sit quietly in their seats)
3. Disclosure of the topic of the lesson.
There are over a million insects. They live everywhere, except for the depths of the sea. Many of them have six legs, a pair of antennae, one or two pairs of wings, and a three-part body. The most important sense organ of insects is the mustache, some of them are shaggy, some are very short, and some are thin like a thread! (SLIDE 7) Long antennae help insects around them to feel objects. The mouth of insects is also different for everyone and depends on the food they eat. The butterfly, which loves to feast on sweet nectar, has a long proboscis. The beetle has very sharp and serrated jaws. (SLIDE 8) Many insects do not see well, and some do not have eyes at all. But the eyes of a dragonfly occupy almost the entire head, and each eye consists of a huge number of eyes, each of which can give its own image. The dragonfly looks in all directions and, without turning its head, grabs its prey with its long paws! (SLIDES 9, 10) Do you think it's okay to kill insects (No). Why? (Everything in nature is interconnected, if people destroy insects, the birds that feed on them die, there will be no birds, then there will be no animals)
4. Work with the textbook. (p.20)
Open your textbooks to page 20.
Children find a butterfly's head, chest, abdomen, antennae, eyes, proboscis, with which the butterfly drinks nectar. The butterfly has wings and legs on its chest.
How many wings does a butterfly have? (Four)
How much do we see? (Two) Why?
How many legs does a butterfly have? (Six)
What insects flew to the butterfly? (Dragonfly, ladybug)
The teacher puts the appropriate pictures on the board. Children look at a dragonfly and a ladybug, find the same body parts in them. The dragonfly and ladybug do not have a proboscis, instead they have jaws, because these insects eat other food.
Count the number of legs on a dragonfly and a ladybug. What can you say? (There are six of them)
Pay attention to the right page (p.21). What insects do you see?
Count the legs of insects.
CONCLUSION (children do it themselves): that all insects have 6 legs.
What does the Turtle explain to the Ant (p. 20)? (All insects have six legs. The ant counts the legs. He is an insect.)
So how do you know which animal is an insect and which is not? (Children's answers: You need to count his legs)
Interdisciplinary connection with the lesson of mathematics:
How many pairs of shoes did Ant bring to Butterfly? (Children answer: three) Why? (Children's answers: A butterfly is an insect. She has six legs or three pairs of legs, in one pair there are two shoes. In two - four, and in three - six shoes. So you need six shoes for six legs).
Find the picture at the top of the left page. Name the animals that are not insects. (Centipede, cancer, spider.)
Why? (Children's answers: because they do not have six legs)
Who knows what this insect is called? (The teacher shows a drawing of a praying mantis in the textbook). And draws attention to the board (SLIDE 11)
Now I will tell you about this interesting insect.
The praying mantis usually stands on four of its six paws and holds its front paws folded in front, as if praying. But don't be fooled! In fact, this predator is waiting in ambush for insects in order to seize an unwary prey with the speed of lightning. Mantis - an insect of the south, many of you have met it. Imagine, the ancient Greeks of the praying mantis in the Middle Ages considered him a weather forecaster or a herald of spring.
Do you want to know more about our most important friend - the Ant? (SLIDE 12)
Ants belong to the class of insects, of which there are about 1 million species on earth (this is half of all animal species on earth). These insects have a society similar to that of humans, with their kings, slaves, workers and soldiers. Plant an ant in a jar, and it will soon die, despite abundant food, and in an anthill, the same ant can live up to two years. Each ant performs a specific function in the family. An alarmed ant assumes a defensive posture and shoots an alarm substance from the gland. Feeling its smell, other ants do the same.
Families of red forest ants are known that have remained in one place for over 100 years, while one female lives on average for about 10 years. This is what gives these insects life in a society or family. There are many different types of ants.
Guys, do you think spiders are insects? (No) This is a special group - arachnids. Unlike insects, they have eight legs and no wings. On the abdomen, spiders have glands, from which a liquid is secreted, which solidifies in the air in the form of a thread - cobwebs.
What animals can be called insects? (who have 6 legs).
IV. The game "Recognize the insect" (Children get up from their seats and represent insects with sounds)
Not a beast, not a bird
Nose like a needle;
Flying - screaming;
Sit down - silent;
Who will kill him
Shed his blood. (Mosquito) (SLIDE 13)
Who is above us
Upside down
Walking - not afraid
Are you afraid to fall? (Fly) (SLIDE 14)
Where it is sweet, there she circles,
Like a bee.
She stings and buzzes
Like a bee.
And gets caught in the compote, like a bee.
That's just honey does not give
Like a bee. (Wasp) (SLIDE 15)
Now cover the name with circles and name the insects again.
Children work according to the textbook (p. 21)
Consider the drawing below. What insects do you recognize? (Grasshopper, bumblebee.)
The wise turtle offers to color the picture. What color should you choose for a grasshopper?
And for the bumblebee?
Read the Wise Turtle's question. Why is the grasshopper green and the bumblebee motley?
The green coloring helps the grasshopper to hide from enemies. It is very difficult for him to protect himself, so he hides. The bumblebee has a sting, it is not afraid of enemies. With its variegated coloration, he tries to warn that he should not be touched, otherwise he may sting.
Children color the drawing.
Fizkultminutka.
In the morning the dragonfly woke up
Stretched, smiled.
Once - she washed herself with dew,
Two gracefully circled,
Three - bent down and sat down,
Four - flew.
Stopped by the river
Circled over the water.
- Application execution
And today we will make with our own hands one very beautiful insect, which is called a ladybug. (SLIDE 16) This almost round bug with red or orange elytra and black dots is called the sun in Ukrainian villages. A small, seemingly harmless bug that slowly crawls along the leaves and trunks of trees, attracting attention with its bright color. Nature has not in vain awarded him such a catchy appearance. This is a warning sign for birds so that they do not want to eat a bug. If you press on it, it immediately emits droplets of a yellow liquid, poisonous and with an unpleasant odor, from the “knees”. If a young bird, due to inexperience, takes a bug in its mouth, it will not bring pleasure to it and next time it will be more careful. The liquid released from the legs is popularly called milk. And naturally, the bug began to be called a cow.
In total, there are more than 2 thousand species of ladybugs on earth.
- So, take a sheet of green cardboard. Flip it color side down. Circle the contours of the leaf according to the template. Cut out.
- Glue a black circle in the middle of the leaflet.
- Glue two semi-ovals of white color, spread them a little to the sides.
- Glue the red ones on top of the white semi-ovals, also spread them a little to the sides.
- Glue small black circles on the wings.
- Draw the paws with a felt-tip pen. How many of you remember how many there should be (6), head and antennae.
6. The result of the lesson.
Guys, answer the question, who are insects? (These are animals that have six legs) What else do they have distinctive features? (They also have wings, antennae). Give examples of insects.
You did a very good job today, well done!
