Do-it-yourself garden planning options. Orchard: rules for planning a garden and choosing trees How to plan an orchard

Many of our compatriots have their own country plots or summer cottages. It is rare that a land owner does not take the opportunity to grow their own crops to indulge in natural food. However, summer residents are not always satisfied with the location of plantings on their acres, which affects the convenience of caring for the garden, and, accordingly, the harvest.

Development of a site project and garden planning on 6 acres

The layout of the garden and vegetable garden on a suburban area is just as important as the correct one, therefore, special attention must be paid to this step on the path to arranging a country dwelling. To successfully design a garden and vegetable garden, it is necessary to draw up on paper.

On the plan, in addition to the house or summer cottage, it is necessary to place all the necessary plantings that are planned to be grown.

There should be a place for fruit trees and shrubs, and for vegetables, as well as for decorative flowers. For the convenience of harvesting and caring for plants, it is recommended to divide the land plot into several parts.

The decorative area should be located closest in order to constantly delight the owners and decorate the house, and the fruit and berry and vegetable area should be some distance away from the house.

Site landscape design option

The layout of the garden and vegetable garden begins with the choice of a suitable place near the house. In order for the choice to be made correctly, it is necessary to analyze some existing conditions:

Choosing a place for fruit and berry crops

Confusion when choosing a place for certain shrubs is highly undesirable, and can lead to a poor harvest, so drawing up a plan for the location of fruit and berry plantations will help to avoid this. When drawing up a garden plan for 10-15 acres, the following should be considered:

Location on the site of ornamental plantings

For many summer residents, a suburban area is not only a place for growing crops. Most city dwellers go out of town to relax from the daily hustle and bustle, so a favorable environment is very necessary for them.

In order for the restoration of strength after a hard week of work to be most productive, you should take a responsible attitude to the layout of the ornamental garden. Consider the key points that you need to pay attention to when organizing a site:

Garden layout

Not a single plot for a country house can do without a garden.

The original version of the arrangement of the garden in the country

Particularly industrious grow on it everything that can be accommodated, while others only provide themselves with fresh greens for the summer table. Be that as it may, when planning vegetable beds, you cannot do without drawing up a plan. Consider the main features of the layout of the garden:

• Given that most vegetables are photophilous, it is necessary to provide them with sufficient light;
• Particular attention should be paid to watering the beds. To do this, it is necessary to provide a system automatic watering, or simply install tanks to collect rainwater;
• It is necessary to think over the location of the plantings in such a way that it is convenient to reach the middle of the garden. Optimal Width- 1.2 meters;
• The distance between the beds should be convenient for movement. As a rule, the width of the tracks is made at least half a meter;
• In order not to litter the area with cut tops and leaves, you should think about creating compost pit.

Most of our readers have a dacha or a plot that we definitely want to keep in order and beauty. Therefore, many begin to set up gardens or vegetable gardens within the boundaries of their summer cottage, as far as acres allow. But in order to do everything beautifully and efficiently, you need to know the rules and features. Some have a developed imagination and are very fond of creative ideas, and, therefore, it will not be difficult for them. What about everyone else? With this we want to help you. In this article you will find tips on how planning is done on your own, what are the rules, how to find suitable plants and how to plant them correctly, how many beds you need and how to place them, taking into account your acres. Also, which ones can be used? decorative elements and is it worth it at all? We will post some photos in the article that you can use to create your ideas.

To begin with, it is worth understanding what planning is and where to start it. The layout is the optimal layout for the site, which will provide the most rational use usable area for crop beds. But where to start? Many owners want to plant fruit trees and plant a garden on their backyard, but the question arises, is it possible to combine all this? You can always combine everything, you just need to know how to do it right. Therefore, we would suggest that you start by creating your own unique garden bed layout idea that seems perfect to you.

In order to create something of your own, look at several options for ideas on the Internet, photos on websites or in magazines on landscape design. You can also find several video tutorials on the basics of design. Please note that you can create everything with your own hands, but if you think that it is difficult and painstaking, then you can use the ideas of designers or their direct services.

Step-by-step instructions for planning

We want to help you properly organize the planning work on your summer cottage so that there are no unaccounted for moments. If you decide to make a complex of vegetable and fruit plantings, then you should start with planning.

• Create an outline of your initial idea that reflects common features that you want to see on the site. You can make a color scheme in two versions to see at once what your site will look like in the spring and autumn periods.
• Calculate the size of the plot in advance, find out how many acres are in it (most often there are plots of 4 and 6). You should know not only the general dimensions, but also some features, among which are the sizes that plants can grow to, planting should not be very tight.
• Think about where you can place your garden. We want to say that many gardeners advise to have everything on the south side. If this is not possible for you, then try to make your place sunny, but with periods of shade.

Plan where is the best place to make beds

• Write a list of plants that you would like to see in your area. It can be both vegetable beds, fruit trees, and ornamental plants and flowers. Later we will talk about the most common schemes that exist at the moment.
• Consult with experts or read for yourself to see if the plants you choose are compatible with each other. To do this, you need to study the soil and fertilizer requirements for each type of plant. As well as the frequency of their watering, the need for solar energy and more.
• Find out what the acidity of the soil is, whether there is groundwater, what is the relief, the orientation of the area relative to the sun.
• Estimate how many beds you can create. Think in advance which processes you will carry out with your own hands, and in which you will need help.
• Plant plants in a specific order. Seedlings cannot be in the shade, and bushes and low plants should be closer to the sun.
• It is necessary to find out the terms of fruiting of all trees and shrubs. And place all the plants according to their maturity.
• Take a photo of your work.

What should be indicated on the diagram, which plants to use?

What should be indicated on the diagram

The planting scheme should be developed as correctly as possible and it can be easily done with your own hands, without the help of experts. In order for you to take everything into account and not forget anything, we decided to develop special recommendations for you.

1. To start planting, you should always have a photo of the site with you. Since you can not always be in close proximity to it, and your circuit will often require it.
2. Put on the diagram the location of the house, if the site is not yet built up, then the estimated size and location.
3. Designate not only the sizes personal plot, but also its distance from the site boundaries. If you decide to combine several types of plantings into one composition, then it is worth indicating what size each of them will be and at what distance they will be located.
4. Pay attention to painting everything with colors. This is only important for decorative look. Thanks to this, you will be able to see from a new point of view.

What plants can be used in the garden?

For the garden, you can use any plants that you need:

• cabbage,
• carrot,
• potatoes,
• cucumbers,
• tomatoes,
• greenery,
• beet,
• eggplant,
• pumpkin.

What are the site planning models?

In order to outline only the main points of planting, we decided to show you three main options for planning a garden and including a garden. It is worth noting that the choice should be influenced not only by the “liked” factor, but also by the relief of the site, the number of acres, the estimated number of beds.

1. Decorative model. This model is designed exclusively for lovers of unpretentious site management and assumes the presence of ornamental plants and plantings. Most often, such a model is embodied in the form of a circle. Inside there are plantings of flowers and only ornamental plants (preferably tall ones to show all the beauty). Outside, a kind of “frame” is created from fruit plantations (currants, raspberries, strawberries). Very often buy low shrubs that will not hide decorative flowers too much. If the site allows, then fruit trees are planted in the back in a semicircle (their number depends on the size of the model). For example, you can see a photo of landing on the Internet.
2. Rectangular model. Its peculiarity lies in the fact that here you make both a garden and a vegetable garden at the same time. Most often, a square shape is used for giving. The peculiarity is that you plant several beds of vegetables (as far as the acres of the plot allow). Nearby are several beds of berry bushes (currants, raspberries), selected according to your taste. For best view fruit trees are also planted, but a little further away. The peculiarity is that, with all the abundance of species, a square or rectangular shape is preserved.
3. Arbitrary model. Here, the shape and size depend solely on acres and on your capabilities. The scheme is the same: combine several vegetable and berry beds with fruit and ornamental trees. As you can see in the photo, only your imagination plays a role here.

Layout is a very important thing, so we would like to give some tips for those who will do everything by hand. To begin with, it is worth noting that it is necessary to take into account all the natural and geographical factors of the site: size, lighting, temperature changes. If you have a small area for a garden, then use the method of vertical beds more, cucumbers, beans, peas, tall tomatoes, etc. feel great on grids and supports. Always pay attention to the compatibility of garden plants, their need for lighting. Also, that you should not use old trees for the site, seedlings are quite suitable for you. If some process has become incomprehensible to you, then we recommend that you look at the photo on the Internet, where you can also find instructions on the optimal number of beds and the correct calculation of acres. Planning on your own is very painstaking, but after you dive into the process, you will love it!

Making arrangements land plot you need to take full responsibility for its planning. This means not only determining the location of the future home, but also planning the future garden and vegetable garden.

The best option would be drawing up on paper. When drawing up a garden plan, it should be remembered that hearth trees, berry plants, vegetables, ornamental shrubs, and flowers will be grown on the site.

On the plan, it is better to immediately designate separate zones: decorative, fruit and berry and vegetable. The decorative site should be located in close proximity to the residential building, and behind it you can arrange orchard and vegetable garden.

Choosing a site for an orchard

In order to choose the right place for laying the future orchard, to make the right selection of species and varieties of trees, it is necessary to take into account the natural conditions on the site:

1. The depth of groundwater should not exceed 1.5 m. Otherwise, to lower the groundwater level, you will have to dig special channels or lay drainage pipes. Trees planted on a site with high groundwater, grow poorly, give a small crop, are often subject to fungal diseases and do not withstand winter frosts well.
2. The acidity of the soil will help determine the plants growing on the site. Those places where cereals and legumes, wild rose, mountain ash, maple, wild pear and apple, oak grow are well suited for laying a garden. If your site has a lot of buttercup, horsetail, sedge, sorrel, this means that the soil is acidic. High acidity can adversely affect the normal growth and development of fruit trees. It can be reduced by adding lime to the soil.
3. The garden must be protected from cold northern winds.
4. Study the terrain carefully. The south-western slopes are considered the best for the garden, and the northern ones are the most undesirable. In addition, you should not place the garden at the lowest point of the site, because it is there that cold air will accumulate, which can damage many plants.
5. Decide on the orientation of the garden relative to the cardinal points. Plantings should receive the maximum amount of solar heat and light and should not be in the shade of buildings or other plantings on the site.

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Planning of fruit and berry plantations

A well-planned orchard and berry garden plan is the key to providing good conditions for plant growth and abundant harvests. When making a plan, you should pay attention to the following points:

1. You need to choose the types of trees and shrubs taking into account the climatic zone, so it is best to buy seedlings in nurseries located in the same area. In such farms, tree varieties are grown that are zoned for this region.
2. In order to determine the number of seedlings of each variety, you need to study their yield.
3. To ensure cross-pollination, it is better to plan next to plant varieties with approximately the same ripening time - this will ensure a good harvest.
4. To draw up an approximate scheme for planting plants, you need to know what the approximate life expectancy and how long the period of productivity of the selected plants lasts.
5. When arranging tree varieties, one should take into account the exactingness of a particular fruit tree for illumination. If we arrange the most common species in descending order of need for sunlight, we get the following row: apricots, cherries, pears, apple trees, cherries and plums.
6. When drawing up a plan for an orchard, you need to determine the distances between the trees necessary for their normal growth. For example, for trees on a seed rootstock (apple, cherry, pear), these distances are 5-8 m between rows and 4-5 m between trees in a row. For dwarf varieties, these distances are 3 m between rows and 2 m between apple trees in a row.
7. By choosing tall trees, the space between them can be temporarily filled with vegetable beds, berries or shrubs, the duration of which is about 10 years of productivity.

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Ornamental Garden Planning

Turning the space near your home into an ideal place to relax is the dream of many. In order to get such a desired result, doing landscaping on your own, you must definitely draw up a plan for the future garden. In doing so, you need to know:

1. First of all, determine the style in which the decorative garden will be designed.
2. Next, you should choose plants based on the size of the allotted area, lighting conditions, soil, etc. of course, personal preference.
3. Based on the specific conditions of this site, you need to choose one of 4 types of layout in order to achieve the desired result.
4. For lovers of simple, clear lines, rectangular motifs are perfect for planning a garden. They will create the impression of a classic, help to divide the territory into clear zones with different landscape details and plantings. Rectangular motifs are most appropriate to use on elongated long sections.
5. The second type of planning involves the use of round motifs: flowerbeds, lawns and lawns, playgrounds. The difficulty in implementing this layout lies in combining round elements into one composition. Such a plan is very well suited for square or rectangular plots.
6. A small area can be visually enlarged by using a diagonal layout for this. When drawing up a plan, it is necessary to apply a grid of diagonal lines to it, located at an angle of 45 degrees to the fence or wall of the house. In the future, ornamental shrubs and flower beds should be arranged parallel to these lines.
7. If you want to preserve the natural relief and existing plantations, you can use the free one. Wherein the main task consists in the arrangement of plants that create a picturesque composition that has a finished look.
8. For greater decorativeness, you can use gazebos, arches, pergolas, garden sculptures, benches, fountains, artificial ponds and other elements.
9. Significantly increase the colorfulness of the landscaped area of ​​​​the flower bed and with properly selected perennials.
10. When drawing up a plan for planting plants, it is necessary to pay attention to ensuring that they have the maximum good conditions illumination and optimal planting density.

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garden planning

Most people would like to start at least a small garden on their site, so that they always have fresh herbs and vegetables on hand. For its device, it is better to draw up a plan that will help rationally organize space and save money and effort in the future, taking into account the following requirements:

1. The area allotted for growing vegetables should be well lit, as these crops are predominantly photophilous.
2. Vegetables need regular watering in hot weather. Therefore, it is better to immediately think about how you will do it - with the help of automatic watering, using a regular hose or by installing several water containers near the garden.
3. Having decided on the shape of the garden, you need to consider the location of the beds. A rectangular shape will be optimal, the width of the beds should be approximately 1.2 m, so that you can reach its middle with your hand.
4. Equally important are the paths between the beds. The width of a regular path should be at least 60 cm, which will make it possible to move freely along it with a garden wheelbarrow.
5. In order to avoid problems with the disposal of tops, leaves and cut grass, a compost pit or container can be provided near the garden.

A rare owner of a private house prefers not to plant fruit trees on his plot. Everyone usually wants to have a fruit garden - in spring, trees delight with wonderful flowering and aroma, and fruits and berries from your own garden always seem much tastier than those bought in a store or market, besides, you know that these are environmentally friendly products. In the art of Feng Shui, the image of a blooming orchard is a symbol of abundance and prosperity. The layout of the garden is a responsible matter, their growth and ability to bear fruit will depend on how correctly you plant the trees, so this task must be treated with great attention.

If you want to grow vegetables in your garden as well, the layout of the garden and vegetable garden must be considered together. It is better to take a place for beds at the southern border, from north to south, this is better for crops growing in the middle lane. Some gardeners recommend placing beds from east to west. Behind the vegetable and strawberry (strawberry) beds are located fruit bushes- currant, gooseberry. Trees are planted behind the bushes, a light shade from the trees will not harm the berry bushes, and the vegetable beds should be in the sun.

An example of the design of vegetable beds - they do not have to be square or rectangular, the original beds resemble flower beds

What do you need to know before planning?

Before you start planning your garden, you need to take into account the following important factors:

• What is the size of the area can be allocated for an orchard. For trees with spreading crowns, a distance of 4 sq.m.
• terrain. For an orchard, flat terrain or a gentle slope would be ideal, cold air lingers in the hollows, excessive moisture, these areas are unfavorable for fruit trees.
• Soil analysis of your site. Fruit crops have a powerful root system, the soil must be fertile to provide it good food. Stony, clay, sandy soil is not suitable for a garden. The proximity of groundwater negatively affects the growth of trees.
• Presence of heat and light. For most fruit trees, it is important that there is plenty of light and heat; in the shade, they grow and bear fruit much worse. It should be said about the area with a constant strong wind - the wind interferes with normal pollination, dries the soil, often damages crops and breaks tree branches. A high fence or green spaces can partially protect against winds.

Planning starts with a blueprint on paper. If there is already a house on the site, you need to start planning from it. A map of the site, the contours of the house and other buildings, as well as places where trees already grow, are applied to the paper on a scale.

This site is protected from the wind by trees planted around it, which have already grown enough to provide protection.

If the site is not built up yet, a place for building a house is applied to the scheme. The layout of the garden on the site suggests the presence of a front garden. The house should face the street, in front of it there is a strip of land for the front garden. Its size depends on the area of ​​​​the site - for someone it is only a meter, for someone it is 6-8 meters. In a small front garden, flowers, raspberries and berry bushes are usually planted, in a large one - ornamental trees, flowers or several fruit trees at the discretion of the owners.

For large fruit trees - apple trees, pears, take a place in the northeast side of the site, between them and fruit and berry bushes - a place for smaller trees - cherries, plums.

An example of the layout of the garden and vegetable garden - the site is divided into two parts. In the first - a house surrounded by a front garden and beds with vegetables, the second half - an orchard with trees planted in rows

In general, it will be convenient to draw a site plan, put on it all the existing buildings, the proposed location of the garden and vegetable garden. On the site you need to mark the holes for planting trees. Try to plant trees at a distance so that as they grow, they do not obscure each other. Heap-growing bushes and trees in the garden do not grow well, in addition, conditions are created for diseases of horticultural crops. In fruit trees, the root system is powerful, it should develop freely.

Advice. If your site is overgrown with wild shrubs, there are stumps on it that need to be uprooted, do necessary work and burn the wood residues. Collect the ashes in a dry place, it will come in handy when creating fertile beds.

Usually, the layout of an orchard involves planting trees in such a way that they do not obscure the neighbors' plots, but it is not uncommon for a tree to grow near the fence itself, providing both owners and neighbors with fruits, while no one has any complaints.

Today it is fashionable to give the beds an original shape, for example, a pizza garden. The highlight is that from the round beds in the center, the rest diverge like slices of pizza, forming a circle.

At the borders of the site, raspberries, blackberries or berry bushes are usually planted, which also bear fruit well in shading.

Landscaping and regular planning

Below we give examples of garden planning for lovers of order and clarity of forms and for those who like it when plants in an orchard are also planted according to the scheme, but give the impression of natural areas.

Landscaping involves the arrangement of trees and other crops in a free order, close to natural. In such a garden, in addition to fruit crops, decorative ones are also widely used.

An example of a free-plan garden - vegetable beds on the left and top, fruit trees planted in groups in the center and on the right

With regular planning, trees and shrubs, as well as vegetables in the garden, are planted in strict rows at the same distance. The landing pattern also has a strict geometric shape - a square for sections whose length and width are almost equal, and a rectangle for sections whose length is much greater than the width.

An example of a regular layout of a garden with a vegetable garden is a clear geometry, the site is divided into regular squares, rectangles, plants are planted in rows

Where are the best crops to plant?

These are trees and shrubs that grow well and bear fruit in your latitudes. For middle lane these are pears, apple trees (it is desirable to plant several trees of different varieties), different varieties of plums and cherry plums, cherries. Cherries and apricots will ripen in warm latitudes. Berry bushes - all varieties of currants, gooseberries, blackberries, raspberries. With a small area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe plot, shrubs are conveniently located around the perimeter.

If you plant several apple trees, among which there will be summer, autumn and winter apple trees, the fruits will delight you in different time of the year

Example interesting layout vegetable gardens - paths diverge from the square of slabs in the center, between which there are beds, different crops are planted on each of the beds. Get comfortable with any of them.

On the vegetable beds next you need to plant crops that grow well in close proximity to each other:

• cabbage, cucumbers, peas;
• white cabbage, dill, potatoes, onions, lettuce, celery;
• tomatoes, peas, carrots;
• horseradish, potatoes, beans, onions, cabbage.

When you draw a diagram, decide which plants to plant and in what quantity, you can start marking the garden on the ground, buy seedlings and prepare the soil.

Planning your summer cottage is very interesting, because you can come up with a bunch of all sorts of interesting solutions.

In order to beautifully and efficiently ennoble the territory, you need to have some knowledge.

Our article will help you step by step to complete the basic work and decorate your site.

Where to begin?

Before starting work, you need to make a plan. Reflect your site on it, sketch its shape, display all the buildings and be sure to take into account the terrain, streams can flow in such areas.

Consider also the location of your territory, whether your house is located in a lowland or on a hill. If the cottage is built under a mountain and streams enter the site, then its arrangement will take a lot of time and effort.

The layout of the territory implies dividing it into zones, this is a residential area, a recreation area, a garden and outbuildings. For each building, you need to allocate a specific place and set the area.

The residential area, that is, your house, should take up about 25% of the space of the entire territory, the toilet, bathhouse and barn should fit in 15-17% of the area.

The largest place on the site, as always, is reserved for the garden, which means that you can plant and grow berries, fruit trees, your favorite flowers, build an artificial reservoir, build a gazebo, in general, make the territory beautiful and ennobled.

The first thing that is built on the site is, of course, a house. Everyone builds it in a different place, someone in the center, someone likes the house to occupy the first line, right after the gate.

A gazebo or terrace is built near the house, closer to the garden, so that during the rest you can enjoy the fresh air and the aroma of trees. The playground is also placed closer to the gazebo, it can be at its level or behind it.

The toilet, bathhouse and shed should take place closer to the fence. In this case, they will remain invisible on the site and will not take up space.

There is no single type of landscaping for a summer cottage, since everyone has different territories both in size and shape. The standard lot type is a square or rectangle.

On their territory, summer residents are very fond of creating rockeries from stones, plants and a reservoir.

Site planning is a creative and interesting process, but in order to make the cottage cozy and beautiful, it will not be out of place to look at some of the work of landscape designers.

We draw a diagram

After you have decided on the place of buildings on the territory, mark them on paper and sketch them. So, you will visually facilitate your work, and you will surely imagine what to place where, namely:

• Where the house will stand, from which side of the site the entrance will be.
• Place for outbuildings.
• Where will you put the gazebo and playground.
• Track direction.
• Place for flower beds and a pond.
• Communications.

Strictly observing the sequence of buildings, the main place on the site belongs to the house, then we build a garage, sheds, a bathhouse and a toilet.

Lastly, we choose a place for a gazebo, a barbecue area, summer shower etc. The garden and vegetable garden is given enough space, depending on what you plan to plant there.

Layout of the site depending on the size

Depending on how many acres country cottage area and should design the location of buildings.

If the plot is not more than 6 acres, then with proper zoning of the territory, you can build everything you need. A house on such a site will turn out no more than 20-25 square meters. m., parking - about 7 sq. m., garden - no more than 100 sq. m.

If your plot is large, from 12 to 15 acres, then this has a serious project on which you will have to work properly.

According to the standard plan, everything will be possible to build here, and even large objects, for example, the house here will be just huge, with a summer terrace and a spacious parking lot.

When developing a development plan for your site on your own, consider all the nuances regarding the construction and placement of summer cottages. Use a clear work plan and follow the advice of experienced craftsmen.

Photo of a successful layout of a summer cottage