Hoya (wax ivy): we grow a plant with magical and fragrant flowers. Hoya leaf reproduction

Plants can not only ennoble and decorate your room, make it cozy, but also bring happiness. It is popularly believed that each indoor plant carries a certain energy that can affect a person's life. It may even depend on him whether a person will feel happy or not. One of these plants is beautyHoya, hoya, wax ivy - an ampelous plant for vertical gardening of a room.This plant should bring you great family happiness, especially if you put Hoya in the bedroom.

Hoya, hoya (Hoya), wax ivy is an evergreen liana from the family Asclepiadaceae. The Hoya genus, named after the English gardener Thomas Hoy, has about 200 species. Under natural conditions, hoya is found in South China, Australia, and India. In nature, these creepers creep on rocky slopes, in forests on tree trunks.

There are among them hanging and curly, some species have antennae with which they cling to a support. The leaves are oval and heart-shaped, most species are dark green, but there are also two or three colors, with spots and specks. Hoya compacta has twisted leaves.

At home, one species is most often found - the fleshy Hoya (Hoya carnosa). This is an ampelous plant with shoots up to 6-7 meters long. The dark green leathery leaves of the hoya are arranged oppositely. The surface of the leaf blade seems glossy, as if rubbed with wax, which is why the plant is called wax ivy.

Hoya is one of the few curly indoor plants blooming at home. Its flowers are graceful, white, pink, yellowish stars, collected in umbellate inflorescences. Hoya has a fleshy white corolla with a red center and about 24 flowers per inflorescence. Hoya is amazing beautiful flowers- marshmallow-caramel from which sweet nectar oozes. The scent is amazing - amazing!

Mature plants in good light and proper care bloom very long and profusely.

In an apartment for hoi, an east or west window is suitable; it grows well in winter on a south window. In the summer heat, on sunny windows, the leaves can lighten and dry out, the growth of the plant slows down from overheating.

Hoya compacta Hoya macgregorii Hoya limonica

Wax ivy is often used for vertical gardening of offices and apartments. Also used as a ground cover creeping plant in well-lit areas of the winter garden.

Hoya unpretentious plant: if you don’t remember about it often, don’t move it from place to place, rarely water and replant, then it will delight you with long and abundant flowering. That is why wax ivy can often be found in office premises, sometimes this vine braids the entire wall with its shoots.

Hoya imperialis

Hoya incrassate	Hoya linearis

Hoya bella

Much less common in homes are such species as the majestic Hoya (Hoya imperialis), the beautiful Hoya (Hoya bella) and the long-leaved Hoya (Hoya longifolia), although they are not particularly capricious, and caring for them does not require any special knowledge.

Hoya beautiful (Hoya bella) is a small evergreen, branched shrub with small leaves with hanging shoots up to 30-50 cm long. This is an epiphytic plant, it settles on the branches of tropical trees. Requires very moderate lighting, high humidity and uniform temperature throughout the year.

Hoya majestic (Hoya imperialis) has pubescent creeping shoots, its oval leathery leaves up to 15-20 cm long. The flowers are collected in hanging umbrellas on pubescent short pedicels, dark red, yellow on the outside, with a pleasant aroma.

Hoya longifolia

General rules for caring for wax ivy.

Hoya is not a capricious plant, does not require high humidity and frequent watering, grows well in poor soil, does not need frequent transplants.

Temperature. During the period of active growth, the optimum temperature is 17-25 C. winter period 15 degrees is enough. Hoya can spend the whole winter even at 10 C. Hoya is beautiful, more thermophilic and can lose leaves during cold wintering.

Lighting and location. Wax ivy prefers bright light, but does not like direct sunlight in summer. It grows well in the south room, braiding the walls like an ampelous plant.

The location cannot be changed - due to the rearrangement, the hoya can lose all the buds and even drop the leaves. This plant is a permanent place, therefore it is not suitable for summer landscaping of balconies.

Humidity. Humidity is not significant. Only Hoya beautiful grows better in a humid room. In summer, it is advisable to spray hoya.

Watering. Water moderately, after the soil dries out, in winter time scarce. The plant perfectly tolerates the lack of moisture. For good flowering in winter, water a little.

Fertilizer. Fertilizer is applied 2 times a month during the entire growing season, starting in March. In winter they do not feed.

Bloom. Hoya blooms only in good light. For successful flowering, it is important to properly maintain this plant in winter. Wax ivy should grow in winter in a bright and cool (10-15 C) room, water it very little.

To stimulate flowering, the pot is immersed in warm water for 2 hours, and the whole plant is sprayed with water heated to 30-40 C.

After flowering, flower stalks are not cut off - on next year new inflorescences appear on them.

The soil. Hoya is not demanding on the soil, in nature it grows on scree or on trees. It grows well in almost any land, you can prepare a mixture of leafy, soddy soil, humus, peat and sand in equal amounts or from clay-turfy, leafy and greenhouse soil (2:1:1).

Good drainage is installed at the bottom of the pot so that the earthen ball does not become waterlogged and the roots do not rot.

Transfer. All hoyas are transplanted quite rarely, once every 2-3 years, sometimes less often. To stimulate abundant flowering, crockery is used. To achieve good shoot growth, it is better to choose a larger pot.

Be sure to have a hole in the bottom and good drainage.

Reproduction. Hoya is propagated by seeds, layering, but most often by cuttings.

Each cutting must have at least two pairs of leaves. Cut off the stem between the nodes. Hoya cuttings are rooted in water or in a mixture of peat and sand. Roots appear after 3-4 weeks at a temperature not lower than 20 C.

Stem layers allow you to get flowering plant in the year of planting. To do this, a small incision is made on the shoot of an old plant, covered with wet moss and covered with plastic wrap. When roots appear, this part of the shoot with roots is cut off and planted in a pot. You can lay out part of the stem on the soil in a new pot and fix it on the surface, covering it with wet moss. After rooting, separate from the mother plant.

For reproduction, it is advised to take parts of only adult, already flowering plants.

Crown formation.

For branching, plants are pinched after the formation of the 4th leaf. Too long shoots are cut off, which contributes to intensive flowering. The stems need support. Threads are often used to secure the plant to a window or wall.

You can use a wire ring, the ends of which are simply placed in a pot. The pot should be heavy enough so that the plant does not turn over.

Diseases and pests. All common types of hoya are resistant to pests and diseases, but with poor care (very heat, too dry air) can be affected by scale insects, red spider mites. It is necessary to treat the plant with Actellik or another insecticide.

Hoyas are also affected by the root nematode. Land for transplantation must be steamed.

Possible problems.

Leaves fall - excessive moisture or simply moved the plant to another window. "Leaf fall" also happens when the soil is very cold in winter (for example, standing on a cold window or watering in the summer heat with cold water).

Spots on the leaves - lack of light or vice versa, sunburn.

Hoya does not bloom - insufficient lighting or too warm wintering. You can try a warm shower for stimulation.

The leaves are too light, curl or dry out - the sun is too bright, it is better to shade the plant.

Flower buds and flowers fall - moving plants or very dry and hot air.

Slow growth, leaves turn pale green - lack of nutrients in the soil. The plant needs to be repotted.

Hoya is an incredibly interesting plant. Botanists and flower growers got acquainted with this miracle in the middle of the 18th century. And for more than two hundred years, hoya (often called wax ivy) has been holding the attention of professionals and amateurs. Articles and books are devoted to this flower, it gathers its fans in clubs and communities. And what is curious is that interest in hoya does not weaken over the years, but, on the contrary, increases. Scientists began to investigate the impact of hoya on the environment and its practical use. And amateur flower growers have reached such heights that at home they grow plants that were previously cultivated only in greenhouses. What is the attraction of wax ivy? Firstly, these are unusual, like toys, flowers. Secondly, bright, one-color or variegated, lush greenery on flexible stems. Thirdly, easy character. Among the hoya, of course, there are capricious beauties. But even a novice grower can make friends with a plant.

The long history of the showy flower called hoya

Hoya's homeland is southeast Asia, northeast Australia and the islands between these continents. She was born in the humid and sultry tropics, grows mainly in sunny light forests or on the edge of the forest. Wild hoya stems, covered with thick leaves, grow up to 10 meters, for development they need support: a tall tree or a rocky wall. Some species lead an epiphytic or semi-epiphytic lifestyle. That is, they can live without soil or, having settled at a height, take down roots and grow into the soil. Wild hoyas are good honey plants. Their flowers are attractive and exude a strong fragrance.

It is believed that Malaysian sailors helped spread the flowering liana. They transported not only cargo, but also useful and beautiful plants, including hoya.

Hoya was first described in the 17th century by the Dutch missionary Guernius. He spoke about a plant with juicy and smelly flowers.

However, then hoya did not fall into the hands of scientists. It happened more than a hundred years later, partly thanks to the famous traveler James Cook. His ship landed on the northeast coast of Australia. There, scientists Solender and Banks discovered an original plant with fleshy leaves and fragrant clusters of flowers that seemed to be made of wax. They delivered a strange plant to Europe, marking the beginning of "hoyemania", which continues to this day.

Long time new tropical plant did without a generic name, it appeared only in the 18th century. Varieties of the flower were given the names of famous scientists, but in the common name "hoya" the name of a simple English gardener Thomas Hoya is immortalized. He worked in the greenhouse of the Duke of Northumberland and managed to tame many exotic plants. They say that a brilliant gardener intuitively guessed the whims of his green pupils.

Over 200 types of hoya are now grown in indoor floriculture. These representatives of the tropics have adapted well in northern latitudes. But the study and selection of hoya is not completed. And the best breeder is nature itself. Scientists are discovering new varieties of hoya in Borneo, the Philippines and into the 21st century.

Hoya is often referred to as wax ivy. Its leaves and flowers seem to be covered with a wax coating. And the long stems resemble ivy lashes. However, hoya has nothing to do with real ivy. Ivy, unlike the beautiful impostor, never blooms. The only thing that brings them together is the form. These plants are vines and need a support or hanging planter to thrive.

Different types of hoya are quite different from each other. But they all have common features. These are long well leafy shoots with aerial roots. The leaves can be quite large (on average 10 cm) shiny and fleshy or small (2.5 cm) dull and thin. The coloration is monochromatic dark green or variegated, with contrasting spots, dots or a border.

The flowers are juicy, collected in inflorescences, umbrellas or balls, almost always resemble an asterisk. But its tips can be flat, strongly bent or concave. And the surface of the flower is glossy and smooth or fluffy. The shades of the inflorescences also vary. From classic white-pink to chocolate-burgundy. Almost all hoyas smell. Opinions about their flavor vary widely. Some people find it pleasant, while others find it repulsive. Well-groomed hoya blooms for a long time, and sometimes several times a year.

Hoya despite his exotic look, - not the most difficult plant to care for. At home, this flowering vine has been successfully grown for more than one century. During this time, flower growers have accumulated vast experience. It is only important to take into account the characteristics of individual types of hoya. What is good for a plant with succulent leaves is not always suitable for a small-leaved variety. This applies to lighting, humidity and winter conditions. There are several subtleties associated with hoya flowering. But they are easy to do. So hoya can be recommended even to inexperienced flower growers.

Matilda, optimist, megalaster, kerry, bella and description of other species

Those who started a hoya fall in love with this plant seriously and for a long time. They replenish their collections with new specimens. From the variety of hoya, each grower can choose the one that fascinates him. And almost everyone has their favorites. After all, hoya is a many-sided plant. Let's get acquainted with the brightest representatives of this beautiful family.

Hoya kerry is the most commercial variety. It is sold not only in flower shops, but also in souvenir shops. Rooted heart-shaped leaves in decorated pots go on sale on the eve of Valentine's Day. They have become a symbol of living, unfading love.

• Hoya kerri has been known in floriculture since the beginning of the 20th century. The plant was named after its discoverer. Professor Kerry discovered a creeper in the Thai tropics. Hoya Kerry has large (up to 15 cm) dense, glossy, heart-shaped leaves on 2-meter stems. Because of this, the plant was nicknamed valentine or hoya in love. And the flowers of this variety are small, in inflorescences of 15-25 pieces, painted in the traditional pink-white color and can be yellow-lemon. The shade depends on the lighting and the age of the plant.
• Kerry variegata - a variety with variegated foliage. Green heart-shaped leaves may have a white, yellowish or cream center. Its borders are blurred, as if the paint was carelessly erased. Or the middle is green, and the edges are colored. There are varieties with leaves, on which strokes and specks are randomly scattered.
• Hoya fleshy (carnosa) is often referred to as wax ivy. It has long grayish shoots and fleshy, shiny leaves. They are medium in size (up to 10 cm), in the form of a pointed oval, emerald green, sometimes with barely noticeable lighter spots. The flowers, which have a pleasant smell, are pale pink, glossy in the form of a star, and in the middle there is a red corolla star. This variety has earned the recognition of flower growers for the unpretentiousness of growing at home. In nature, hoya carnosa is common in Japan, China, India, the Pacific Islands and Australia.
• Hoya beautiful (Bella) comes from Indonesia and India. This is a compact plant that is often grown as an ampelous plant. She has matte small (2.5 cm) and thinner, compared to other varieties, leaves. Flowers are sometimes odorless, they have a classic hoya structure: on a larger white star there is a small bright transparent red.
• Hoya bogor is a liana with narrow, hard, slightly variegated leaves. Its inflorescences consist of flowers, which have a larger lower "asterisk" with slightly curved lobes wavy along the edge.
• Hoya red buttons - a variety of vines with large (up to 14 cm) narrowish leaves and fleecy inflorescences. Asterisks, covered with small pile, up to 2 cm in size, red-purple in the center and pink-gray to the edge.
• Hoya Matilda is a creeper with slightly pubescent shoots and leaves, which are also colorfully colored. The flowers are white and fluffy, in the center crowned with a ruby-red star with a yellowish center. The inflorescences smell strongly, the aroma is similar to a tulip.
• Hoya optimistic is distinguished by dense and silky foliage and unusually colored flowers. They are juicy and glossy, bright red along the edge, gradually turn yellow towards the center, and the corolla is with a reverse color: the very middle is ruby, the edges are yellow.
• Hoya Megalaster - unusual view plants. On long tender stems, large elliptical leaves are rarely located. They are dark green with well-defined veins. But the most interesting are the flowers. They are wine-red, and the outer star, even in a fully opened flower, is directed with the tips inward. So the pinkish underside is visible. The smell of hoya megalaster resembles a lily.
• Hoya retuza is a very delicate plant, grown in the form of an ampel. On long stems, thin and narrow leaves, like blades of grass, grow in cascades. The flowers are solitary, small, classic star-shaped and white-calling color.
• Hoya multiflora (multiflora) is not a vine, but a bushy plant common in Southeast Asia. On an upright stem are large thin leaves. Hoya actively and rapidly blooms. In inflorescences of several tens of non-typical forms. It does not look like a star, but like starships or satellites with antennas strongly bent back. According to flower growers, this variety of hoya is undemanding and easy to care for.
• Hoya caudata is a liana with very large (palm-sized) fleecy and variegated leaves. There are white-green, yellow-red varieties. The flowers of this hoya are traditional in shape and color, but shaggy. They are covered not just with villi, but with fluffy hairs.
• Hoya concave (lacunose) is common in Malaysia. The leaves of this vine are small, diamond-shaped. In small flowers, instead of a star, there is a fluffy ball with yellow center. By all accounts, lacunose has a pleasant aroma, reminiscent of a good perfume.
• Hoya cystianta - the liana blooms with bell-shaped lilac, pale pink or vanilla flowers. They have a pleasant citrus scent. This is a fairly rare variety.

Photo: varieties of beautiful ivy

Hoya caudata Hoya bogor Kerry variegata Hoya concave (lacunose) Hoya fleshy (carnosa) Hoya kerry Hoya matilda Hoya megalaster Hoya multiflorous (multiflora) Hoya optimistic Hoya red buttonons Hoya retuza Hoya beautiful (Bella) Hoya cystianta

Video: different types of hoya

Hoya is an inhabitant of the tropics. And at home, she retained the habits acquired in nature. She still tends to the sun, prefers more humid than dry air and a fairly high temperature. Just about the winter temperature for hoya, flower growers often do not agree. The traditional point of view is that hoya prefers a cool wintering, + 12–16 0 C. But practitioners assure that hoya spends the winter well at moderate 18–20 degrees and even higher. Most likely, both are right. For some varieties, such as carnoses with succulent leaves, coolness will be useful. Only then should the humidity be low. And the gentle hoya bella wants to live in warmth even in winter. So when creating a climate for your hoya, consider the natural conditions to which she is accustomed.

Table: conditions for hoya

Season	Lighting	Humidity	Temperature
Spring	bright, the best place- western and eastern window sills, on the southern ones a little shading is required. Most of all light is necessary for motley forms. Uniformly colored varieties grow well in partial shade, but then there may be problems with flowering.	High, 60–70 or more. Humidify the air with everyone accessible ways(double pot, pallet with expanded clay or moss, indoor fountains, electric humidifiers). Spray the leaves and stems more often. During flowering, stop spraying so that the buds and flowers do not fade.	Moderate, not less than +18 0 С. Keep away from drafts.
Summer	Bright, scattered. Protect from midday sun.		Moderate, increased is acceptable, optimally + 20-25 degrees. Can be placed on a warm balcony or veranda. Do not take out to fresh air. The stems can be damaged by the wind. And do not touch the plant that laid the buds. Hoya doesn't like changing places at this time.
Autumn
Winter	Bright, with a short light day needs artificial lighting. If there is enough light, it will bloom in winter.	If the temperature is low, it does not need to be moistened. The warmer the room, the higher the humidity should be. Spray the plant, humidify the air in other ways.	For varieties with succulent leaves, it is cool, 12–16 0 C. For more tender ones (bella) - moderate + 18–20. When the temperature drops, it can throw off the foliage.

Florists advise twice a year, before and after flowering, to bathe hoya. A large container is filled with warm (about 40 degrees) water. The plant is dipped along with the pot and kept in water for up to 40 minutes. As they say, after taking a bath, hoya blooms better, and the autumn procedure hardens the plant.

Transfer

Young hoyas are usually transplanted every year. But the plant is not too fond of changing the pot. Therefore, adult 3-4-year-old specimens should be transplanted only when the need is ripe. The roots braided the whole earth and sprouted into drainage holes, and the flower stopped developing.

In nature, hoya leads an epiphyte or semi-epiphyte lifestyle, so at home it needs a very airy and porous soil substrate. So that the roots receive enough air and do not suffer from stagnant moisture. Hoya soil options:

• ready-made soil for orchids or succulents, loosening components can be added;
• equally peat, perlite, coconut fiber and tree bark;
• one part of soil for succulents, perlite, cut sphagnum and pine bark and half of vermiculite with the addition of charcoal;
• into two parts of leafy land in terms of turf, peat, sand and humus;
• in equal parts a mixture of peat soil, perlite, crushed bark and coconut fiber.

Both plastic and ceramic pots are suitable for hoya. But in favor of ceramics - good evaporation and high stability. Hoya - the plant is quite weighty and often overturns the pot. For long and high-quality flowering, a container is needed close, and more spacious for green growth.

How to transplant hoya?

1. Decontaminate all components of the planting substrate. Boil the bark and chop. The rest is calcined, steamed or treated with a fungicide.
2. Pour drainage (small expanded clay, pebbles, brick chips) at the bottom of the pot with holes. Some soil on top.
3. Remove the hoya from the old container without disturbing the earthen clod. Install it in a new pot. If the support for the creeper is in a pot, put it right away.
4. Pour the substrate between the wall of the pot and the earthy clod, tamping a little. Pay attention to the strengthening of the support.
5. Water the plant, you can spray it, put it in diffused light or in partial shade.

Support chores

Most types of hoya stretch fairly quickly. At first, its stems are elastic, but over time they become brittle. They are easy to damage. Therefore, from a young age, Hoya needs a reliable support.

Ideally, it should be installed during planting or transplanting the plant right in the pot. To do this, you can use arches made of vines or lattices made of bamboo and other materials.

External supports, twine stretched nearby, or a net, a wooden grate on the wall, will also do. Do not prepare something to cling to, the hoya itself will find support. Most likely, these will be nearby plants.

Sometimes, especially at first, you will have to tie or wrap the stems around the support yourself. Many flower growers complain that hoya does not always accept such care with gratitude. Strives to climb in the other direction or the shoots grow worse. When tying the hoya stems, be careful, especially bending the shoots. They are very fragile.

Hoya lovers have noticed that the plant, which wraps itself around the support, makes turns counterclockwise. This trick can be used. Wrap the stems in this direction to help them adapt better.

Some types of hoya - bella and multiflora - do not need support at all. The first is grown as an ampelous form, and the second is an upright bush. True, during flowering it is better for him to rely on something.

Video: hoya transplant

Hoya: home care

Hoya is considered easy to grow. But still, flowering vines have some requirements. One of them is cleanliness, this is especially important for forms with fleshy leaves. They should be wiped with a damp cloth so that the plant breathes better, in order to increase humidity and decorative effect. For small-leaved forms, a warm shower will be useful. Just rinsing the hoya, cover the soil with a film so as not to overmoisten it.

Watering and feeding

When watering hoya, follow the rule: underfilling is better than overfilling. Hoya is able to survive a short drought, but waterlogging of the soil almost always leads to disease or even death of the plant.

Between waterings, the top layer of soil must dry out so that air can penetrate the roots. In the summer, water as soon as it is discovered, most likely 2-3 times a week. In winter, take a break: 2-3 days of dryness will be appropriate, especially when the air is cool. If the hoya is kept warm, you need to water a little more. And be sure to drain the water from the pan. Excess moisture at the roots will not lead to anything good.

For irrigation, prepare soft (thawed, filtered, aquarium, settled) water. Hoya does not like cold moisture. Irrigation water should be slightly warmer than the temperature in the room.

Flower growers advise using peat to soften water. Take a piece of about 100 grams, wrap in gauze and immerse in a container of water (about 2 liters). After a day, remove the peat, the water for irrigation is ready.

When the hoya is actively growing and blooming, it must be fed twice a month. But you don't have to worry about food. Some nutritional deficiency is more useful than its excess. When applying mineral complexes (by the way, fertilizers for flowering succulents are suitable for hoya), dilute them a little more than in the instructions. Pour the nutrient solution only on moist soil to prevent root burns.

flowering time

Some varieties of hoya bloom a year after rooting, others will need 3 years. Separate types bloom 2-3 times a year, bloom even in autumn and winter. But sometimes time goes by, but there are no flowers. What's the matter?

The most important condition for the full flowering of hoya is bright and sufficiently long lighting. If the vine grows in partial shade, it will feel good, but you will not see flowers. Try to move it to a lighter place, but it is better to put a backlight next to it. Hoya is not good at moving. It takes a long time, and sometimes painfully, to settle down in a new place.

Do not touch the hoya if buds appear on it. It can not only be rearranged, but even rotated. The stress of change will cause the hoya to drop flower buds.

Another reason why there is no flowering is that last season you removed old flower stalks. Hoya prefers that wilted inflorescences remain on it. All that is needed, she will throw off on her own. Therefore, do not touch it after flowering is over so that it blooms in a year.

Sometimes hoya postpones flowering due to too poor soil. Try to feed her. And pay attention to the capacity where the plant lives. If you planted a hoya in a voluminous pot, it will grow roots and leaves, and only after that it will take up the flowers.

Hoya flowering is a beautiful phenomenon and almost always odorous. There is no unequivocal opinion about its smell, someone likes it, and someone can’t stand it. But the aroma is strong and can cause malaise or allergies in a person - this is an individual reaction. If you do not have it, blooming hoya can even remain in the bedroom. Do not believe the superstitions about this flower. In the East, hoya is considered a plant that strengthens family ties and refreshes marital relationships. And Feng Shui masters give her a place in the bedroom.

Video: hoya flowering secrets

Winter and illumination

There is an opinion that a cool (12–16 degrees) dormant period in winter is necessary for the development and high-quality flowering of hoya. But, as practice has shown, this is not true for all types of tropical plants.

Succulent-like hoyas may be happy with the chill of winter. But then significantly limit watering and humidity. And heat-loving varieties (Bella, Retuza) prefer high temperatures all year round. They get sick in the cold.

Many practicing gardeners claim that hoya does not need winter rest. Of course, she, like other plants, stops growth at this time. But if, with the help of artificial lighting, the daylight hours are increased to 14–16 hours, the hoya will also grow and sometimes bloom. Ordinary incandescent lamps are not suitable for illumination, it is necessary to install simple fluorescent or special phytolamps (Flora, Reflux). Illumination is especially important for rooting cuttings in autumn and winter.

Is pruning necessary?

Hoya, growing in the form of a vine on a support, does not need formative pruning. And sanitary involves the removal of dried stems and leaves. But sometimes the vine is reluctant to branch, then pinching the tops and light pruning will help the growth of side shoots. Carry out the procedure before flowering or after. But be careful: do not remove old flower stalks, so as not to deprive the hoya of future flowers.

Care errors - table

Manifestation	Cause	Correction
Yellow spots on leaves.	Too much sun, burn.	In spring and summer, shade your hoya at noon. Too intense sun in the heat burns the leaves.
Hoya sheds leaves.	Waterlogging of the soil, possibly in combination with low temperatures.	Keep watering, let the soil dry out. The colder the room, the less moisture the flower needs.
The growth of the stems has become slower, the leaves turn pale.	Nutrient deficiency.	Transplant your hoya to a new, more nutritious substrate or fertilize regularly.
Leaves shrivel and die over time.	The plant has been refrigerated. Another reason is frequent watering with cold water.	Move the plant to a warm place, water it with water just above room temperature.
The tips and edges of the leaves dry out.	Too hot and dry air.	Spray the plant (if it does not bloom), moisten the air. In winter, do not keep near heating appliances.

Hoya diseases and pests

Table: who harms?

Manifestation	Who harms?	What to do?
Hoya stopped growing, spherical swellings are visible on the roots.	Root nematode.	With a knife, remove the affected roots, lower the remaining ones into a container with hot water then sprinkle them charcoal. Treat with an insecticide (Phosfamide, Mercaptophos, Lindane). Prevention: Be sure to sterilize the soil, drainage and pot before planting.
Hard brown plaques on the underside of the leaves and on the stems.	Shchitovka.	Remove insects manually, then treat the plant with an insecticide solution. Repeat the procedure after 2 weeks. Treat until the pest is completely destroyed.
Lumps resembling white fluff on leaves and stems.	Mealybug.	Remove insects with a damp cloth, spray the plant with an insecticide solution.
Part of the shoots becomes soft, stained, rots.	Stem rot is a fungal disease.	The fungus multiplies very quickly and kills the plant. With a strong spread, it is not treated, but destroyed so as not to infect the rest. At the initial stage, try to help, remove the affected tissues, sprinkle these places with activated charcoal. Prevention: do not overmoisten the soil, especially at low temperatures, ventilate the room.
The leaves lighten, turn yellow, white spots appear on them.	This is chlorosis. The process of photosynthesis is disrupted. Infectious chlorosis is caused by viruses and fungi.	Treat the plant with a phytofarm several times with a break of 3-4 days. Feed the hoya, as a rule, weakened plants get sick. To prevent chlorosis, spray the leaves with iron chelate (antichlorosin).

reproduction

Most often, hoya is propagated by cuttings - this is the simplest and most effective method. Propagation by seeds is extremely rare. Hoya does not set fruit in captivity. And you can’t even find them on sale, they have a very short shelf life.

cuttings

1. In the spring, cut cuttings (10 cm each) of hoya from the tops of last year's shoots. Each should have at least 2 internodes, and preferably 3-4.
2. Treat the cut of the cutting with phytohormone (Epin, Zircon, others).
3. Fill the container with a mixture of peat and sand, moisten.
4. Deepen the cuttings, carefully tamp the substrate, leaving no voids.
5. Cover the seedlings with a film, bag or jar.
6. Place in a bright and warm (18–24 0 С) place.
7. Humidify and ventilate plantings regularly.
8. When new leaves begin to appear, transplant the cuttings into small (7–10 cm) pots of hoya soil.

Video: rooting hoya cuttings in different soils

Hoya is an evergreen tropical vine belonging to the Swallow family. In the wild, it is found in the southern and eastern regions of Asia, as well as in Australia and the islands of Polynesia. More than 200 species of this plant have been well studied and described.

Hoya develops well in normal room conditions with good illumination and average temperature readings. For a long time pleases with the beauty of flowering and sweet fragrance. It has a beneficial effect on the home atmosphere, purifying the air from harmful impurities.

Hoya species and varieties photo

- an evergreen liana, in nature reaching up to 10 m. It is covered with long green leaves with silvery spots. It has inflorescences in the form of a hemisphere, consisting of 20 pink-cream flowers similar to double five-pointed stars. Exudes a strong honey smell. Needs light, loose soil and timely watering.

- This plant has long stems and leaves that look like green hearts. Starts hemispherical inflorescences of 15 star-shaped flowers. The coloring is white, yellow, pink, and in the center there is a red corolla. Growing this species, you need to provide it with a bright place and a room temperature of + 25 ° C.

- an evergreen thin liana, from which many shoots grow. Leaflets are rhomboid elongated. Inflorescences consist of seven star-shaped flowers, united in an umbrella. This plant does not like large pots. It is often planted in small hanging planters. Needs light and watering three times a week. The water temperature should be several degrees above room temperature.

- consists of curly stems one and a half millimeters thick. Overgrown with fleshy leaves with silvery patches. It has umbellate inflorescences of 15 double white flowers. It exudes a pungent odor reminiscent of the aroma of tulips. The plant can withstand temperatures down to +10 °C. It is necessary to water with warm water after drying of the top soil.

- weaving vine with fleshy leaves, on which silver blotches appear. It has umbellate inflorescences of 20 double flowers with five faces. The smell of the flowers is pleasant and sweet. The plant is grown in hanging pots with loose soil. He likes a lot of light, so it is recommended to put it next to the window.

Branched species with dense vegetation. The foliage is green, elongated, reddens in sunlight. It blooms with umbellate inflorescences of a golden color. Flowers are small in the form of five-pointed stars - in one umbrella they can grow from 30 to 50 pieces. They give off a faint scent of perfume. Likes frequent watering and moist air.

- consists of branched vines, which are overgrown with dense foliage. All leaves have a curved, twisted shape and variegated colors with a glossy sheen. The flowers are white-pink, united in inflorescences in the form of a hemisphere. It grows in any soil and does not need regular watering. Blooms well in tight pots.

- this variety has weaving vines of a dark purple hue with dense vegetation. Leaves in the center can be painted yellow or reddish, and green at the edges. Inflorescences after blooming buds resemble a hemisphere. Lilac flowers with a dark corolla. Inflorescences bloom and delight with beauty throughout the year.

Plants for growing in hanging pots. It consists of many thin lashes, on which knots of long and narrow leaves grow. Lets inflorescences of two or three white flowers, but more often the buds are single. They emit a very faint and almost imperceptible smell. He likes the soil to be always moist, but not wet.

A plant with long, pointed leaves, which are dotted with silvery patches. These spots turn red in direct sunlight. It has inflorescences consisting of 20 flowers. They are red and white or pink. They emit a faint but sweet smell.

- consists of thin vines, on which variegated rounded leaves grow. Starts inflorescences of 20-30 flowers of light pink color. The central part of the flowers is decorated with dark purple corollas, from which nectar is released. Exudes a sweet honey scent.

- a plant with large leaves and a hard, straight stem. Grows fast and blooms regularly. Has inflorescences of 15 white-yellow flowers unusual shape. They resemble arrowheads or small rockets. Grows well in large pots with a drainage layer. Prefers to be in a semi-shaded place.

- a plant with long and fleshy leaves, the surface of which is painted with silvery spots. Starts umbrella inflorescences, consisting of 30 flowers. There are varieties with gray-black and pink buds. The plant develops well at a temperature not higher than +25 ° C. You need to water after the soil dries out.

- designed for hanging pots. Consists of long hanging vines, which are covered with narrow leaves. Starts inflorescences of 12 flowers of a pale white hue. Grows well in universal soil with added peat. The plant is moisture-loving, so you need to water often.

A plant with a compact form and long leaves. Starts inflorescences of 25 fluffy flowers. The color of the buds is red with a dark corolla, from which nectar drips. It develops quickly in lighted places with abundant watering. Likes loose soils with drainage.

A variety with flexible and branched vines, which are covered with dense foliage. These leaves have a pleasing color to the eye. In the central part they are green, and at the edges they are yellow-cream. Inflorescences grow on the stalks, consisting of 25 light pink flowers. The plant loves loose soil, moderate watering and good lighting.

- has thin and curly stems with long and fleshy leaves. Lets out inflorescences in the form of an umbrella, which consist of 10-30 flowers. The color of the petals varies from white-cream to light pink. They bloom for ten days, then new buds appear in their place. It develops well at an air temperature of +25 ° C. Likes regular watering, but without waterlogging.

- a plant with thin vines and large decorative leaves. Each sheet has a unique pattern. The glossy surface is variegated or dotted with yellow-green spots. Inflorescences are umbellate, consisting of 10-25 flowers of a white-violet hue. Prefers to grow at +18 °C, but adapts well to higher temperatures.

A plant with powerful vines and fleshy leaves that have a decorative color. Their surface is yellow-green, and the edges are dark green and vice versa. In direct sunlight, they acquire a purple hue. Inflorescences after blooming buds take the form of a hemisphere, consist of 25-35 white flowers.

- consists of thin hanging vines and long leaves with a variegated surface. Once under the direct rays of the sun, the leaves turn pink. Flowers bloom double with a pink hue and a yellow-purple corolla. They are united in umbellate inflorescences of 15-20 buds. Likes to be in bright light in the morning. You need to water 2-3 times a week.

- a plant with strong stems on which large and fleshy leaves grow. They are oval, on the surface there are patterns resembling the pattern of a turtle shell. Lets out umbrella inflorescences, consisting of 20 flowers of a white shade. Needs light in the morning and frequent watering. The content temperature can vary from +18 °С to +35 °С.

- consists of thin weaving vines with fleshy leaves. The leaves have ribbed edges and bumps on the surface, while the color is variegated. The plant produces umbrella-shaped inflorescences, which consist of 6-15 white flowers. Likes frequent watering and moderate light without direct sunlight.

Hoya home care

The flower is easy to grow at home. To do this, you need to provide the plant with a small hanging pot and standard care. Hoya, like any other home plant, needs good lighting, timely watering and the right temperature.

Hoya is a light-loving plant, so it must be placed in a bright place. It can be a well-lit room or a window sill on the east or west side. Avoid direct sunlight, which can cause the foliage to turn yellow and fall off.

Due to its tropical origin, the flower loves warmth. In winter and summer time the ideal condition for the development of the plant is a temperature of +15 °C to + 25 °C. But the flower can easily adapt to lower or higher heat readings.

Stapelia is also a member of the Lastovnevye family. It is grown during home care without much hassle, if all the rules of agricultural technology are followed. You can find all the necessary recommendations for growing and caring for this wonderful plant in this article.

Watering hoya

Watering should be given special attention. Try to moisten the soil in a timely manner, avoiding waterlogging or drying out.

If moisture has accumulated on the tray cup, remove it. In summer, it is recommended to water twice a week, and once in winter. For irrigation, use warm and settled water.

soil for hoya

Hoya is able to develop in any soil, but in fertile soil this process will be faster. Standard soil mixtures for houseplants or for palm trees sold in stores are suitable.

If you want to prepare the soil yourself, use leafy soil, turf, humus and sand. Mix these ingredients well in a ratio of 3:2:2:1. You can also add tree bark to the soil, which will provide good breathability.

Hoya transplant at home

The flower needs to be replanted every 3 years. This procedure is carried out in April. To transplant a plant from one pot to another, use the transfer method. After that, you only need to add soil.

If you plan to completely replace the soil, clean root system from the old earth. Remove dried or rotten roots. Then place the flower in a new pot, carefully filling it with soil.

Hoya pot

Most often, hanging pots are chosen for planting or transplanting. They can be plastic, ceramic or wicker.

If you want your plant to grow well, choose spacious pots. For abundant flowering, use small pots.

Hoya fertilizers

In order for the hoya to develop quickly and bloom profusely, it needs to be fed regularly. Do this every month, starting in the spring and ending in the fall. Do not fertilize during winter.

As a top dressing, use long-acting fertilizer Osmokot - once a month. Also spray the plant with liquid humus, which contains a high content of trace elements - twice a month.

Hoya pruning

Hoya cannot be cut or broken off, especially flower stalks - stems on which inflorescences appear.

Even after the end of the flowering period, they do not need to be removed, because old flower stalks can still produce new inflorescences. Ordinary shoots also do not break off, but put supports for them so that they trudge along them.

hoya bloom

The plant starts flowers two years after rooting or earlier. Flowering begins in June and ends in July, then repeats in the fall. Flowers look like five-pointed, fluffy stars with a corolla. They are combined into inflorescences resembling an umbrella or a hemisphere.

The buds come in various shades: white, red, gray, pink, yellow, and also mixed. They secrete nectar, which has a honey smell. If there are several species in the room, then it is filled with a pleasant fragrance.

Hoya in winter

In winter, hoya needs to provide a lower temperature in the room than in summer. The recommended maintenance temperature is not more than +15 °С.

If the plant is kept warm in winter, few inflorescences will appear in summer.

Reproduction of hoya seeds

Seed material should not be older than one year. Dry the purchased seeds and plant them in loose soil. In order for the soil to absorb moisture well, mix pieces of artificial fabrics into it - felt or burlap. Seedlings will sprout in seven days.

During this period, waterlogging or drying of the soil should not be allowed. Seedlings should be kept in a warm room with good lighting. After three months, when the sprouts get stronger, they can be transplanted into pots.

Hoya propagation by cuttings

Cut short cuttings, which should contain 2-3 leaves and a few nodes. Place them in a jar wrapped in foil to protect from light. Fill with water with a temperature of +22 °C to +25 °C.

Place the cuttings in a shady and warm place. To create greenhouse conditions, the cuttings can be covered with foil. In this state, they will stand for two weeks and take root from the knots. Then transplant them into pots with soil.

Hoya leaf reproduction

This is the longest and most difficult way to grow a flower. Not all leaves, having started roots, become a full-fledged plant. For this method, you will need a root growth stimulator, chemical hormones and light, loose soil.

Wet the leaf stalk with stimulant and plant in a pot with moist soil at a 45° angle. After a month, the roots will begin to sprout. During this period, the leaf must be given a hormone for the development of shoots - heteroauxin. Apply a few drops to the base of the stem and a shoot will appear in a week.

Hoya diseases

Hoya does not bloom - the reason for this frequent phenomenon may be a lack of light, high air temperature in the room during wintering, big size pot, frequent watering, especially in winter.

To make the plant bloom, put it near a window or make artificial lighting. In winter, transfer the flower to a cool room where the temperature is not higher than +15 ° C. Transplant the hoya into a small pot with a diameter of no more than 20 cm. After watering, let the soil dry completely.

Leaves turn yellow - this is affected by a lack or excess of illumination. Some varieties are badly affected by direct sunlight, which burns the foliage. Also, the dampness of the soil affects the yellowing of the leaves.

It will be possible to solve the problem by rearranging the flower in a semi-shaded place. If your variety likes a lot of light, put it in bright room. In summer, water the plant no more than twice a week, and once in winter.

- if new leaves or shoots do not appear on your flower for a long time, check and eliminate the following reasons: the room is too dark, there is not enough nitrogen fertilizer, the pot is very cramped, the flower stalks are cut off.

It is necessary to feed the flower twice a month with fertilizers for indoor plants. For varieties with fleshy leaves, you need to reduce the dose by half. Also transplant the hoya into a larger pot and hang it in a bright spot near an east or west window.

soft leaves

Excess moisture and fertilizer. Both of these factors adversely affect the root system. A lot of fertilizer burns the roots, and dampness suffocates the roots and they rot. Without roots, the plant ceases to receive moisture and nutrients. As a result, the leaves become dehydrated, becoming like a rag.

To solve this problem, reduce the amount of fertilizing by half or stop fertilizing temporarily. Also keep an eye on the soil moisture - it should always dry out after the next watering.

Spots on the leaves - an infectious disease caused by a fungus or viruses. Fungal spots are easy to distinguish from viral ones. To do this, rub the sheet. If the stain has worn off, then it was a fungal attack. If it is visible to the eye that the stain has eaten into the leaf, then this is viral necrosis, due to which the cellular tissues of the leaf die.

These spots are the result of the vital activity of microorganisms that feed on cell sap. Therefore, they can be killed if antibiotics or fungicidal preparations are used.

Hoya pests

Shchitovki - small insects that feed on plant sap. They stick to the foliage or stem, resembling brown or red cocoons. As a result of the actions of pests, the leaves turn yellow and fall off, and the stems develop incorrectly. Insecticides will help to cope with scale insects.

Healing properties of hoya

This flower not only decorates, but also heals. It calms the nervous system, improves mood, relieves headaches, helps with skin diseases and heals festering wounds. Leaves are used to treat all these diseases.

Headaches are treated by putting a leaf to the temple. Skin problems are solved by grinding the leaves to a gruel, which is applied to the damaged area and wrapped with a bandage.

Side effects: The smell emitted by flowers can cause a severe headache. Therefore, people with chronic migraines should avoid this herb. The leaves also cause dermatitis in allergy sufferers.

cooking recipes

Treatment of purulent wounds: crush three leaves of the plant and oat flakes two glasses. Then add water and mix until slurry. Lubricate the wounds with the resulting ointment for ten minutes, then rinse off. Repeat the procedure three times a day for two weeks.

Treatment of boils - crush the leaf of the plant and apply to the inflamed area. Then wrap with a bandage. Change the bandage twice a day. After the condition improves, the number of dressings can be reduced.