Mechanized wood processing is carried out with a hand-held electrified tool.- electric planer IE-5708, IE-5701A, IE-5707A.
The IE-5701A electric planer consists of an electric motor that drives the knife shaft through a V-belt drive. The supporting surfaces of the planer are the front movable and rear fixed panels (skis). Two knives are attached to the knife shaft.
In the handle, with which the planer moves along the surface to be treated, there is a trigger. Milling depth up to 2 mm is adjusted with a wedge and screws. Milling width 75 mm. The frequency of rotation of the knife shaft is 12,000 rpm (200 s -1). The planer is vibration-proof, i.e. it is not subject to vibration during operation.
1 - front handle,
2 - cover,
3 - electric motor,
4 - body,
5 - handle with trigger switch,
6 - panel (ski),
7 - belt drive.
Before work it is necessary to check the correctness of sharpening and installation of knives. The blades of the knives must be equally released by 1 ... 1.5 mm and be flush with the fixed rear panel. The weight of the knives must be the same.
Attach the knives to the knife shaft firmly. The angle of sharpening of knives should be 40…42°. The electric planer must be grounded; it can only be corrected or adjusted after disconnecting from the mains.
They work with an electric planer as follows. The plug is connected to the network, after which the electric motor is turned on by pressing the trigger and, when the knife shaft reaches the desired speed, the electric planer is carefully lowered onto the material being processed.
The electric planer must be fed slowly so that when it comes into contact with the wood there is no sharp push, evenly, without much effort on the handle.
The effort of the worker should be expended only on the advancement of the electric planer. The electric planer is advanced along the material in a straight line without distortions, making sure that chips and sawdust do not get under the panels.
"Carpentry and glass work",
L.N. Kreindlin
Shallow holes for screws are drilled with a gimlet (Fig. 28, d) with a diameter of 2 ... 10 mm. Holes for dowels, bolts in details are selected with drills. They also drill knots and then plug the holes with corks. The drill consists of a shank, a rod, a cutting part and elements for chip removal. Feather drills (GOST 7467 - 75) (Fig. 28, e) select holes for dowels of different ...
deep through holes drilled according to the markup on both sides of the part. Before the drill exits to the other side, the pressure on the push head of the rotator must be somewhat loosened so that there is no spalling, flaking, etc. When working, make sure that the axis of rotation of the rotator or electric drilling machine coincides with the axis of the hole. Poor drilling results in defects…
After sawing, the workpieces have risks, roughness, warping. All these defects are eliminated by planing. In addition, when planing, the blanks are given the desired shape. Planing is the operation of cutting wood with knives, in which the cutting path is a straight line, coinciding with the direction of the working movement. Wood is planed by hand or milled with a mechanized tool. Planer is wooden case 1, in which knife 5 is inserted, ...
When repairing, worn parts of the tools are replaced with new ones made from the same wood species as the old ones, with a moisture content of (10 ± 2)%. As a result of constant friction on the surface of the treated wood, the soles of the planer bodies wear out. The front part of the sole has the most wear. The amount of wear of the sole of the body is checked in assembled form with a measuring tool. To align the plane of the sole of the body from a planer, jointer ...
Sherhebel serves for the initial rough planing along, across and at an angle to the wood fibers. After planing with a sherhebel, the surface of the wood is uneven, with traces of grooves in the form of grooves. This is because the knife blade is oval in shape. When working, the knife is released up to 3 mm. Sherhebel Sherhebel: a - general form, b - sear knife. Jointer Jointer:…
Electrified tool for wood milling. It includes manual electric planers (IE-5701A, IE-5708, IE-5707), designed for milling wood along the fibers.
Technical characteristics of manual electric planers
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Maximum milling width, mm |
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The greatest depth of milling, mm |
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Cutting speed, m/s |
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Electric motor: kind of current |
single phase |
three-phase |
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voltage, V |
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Power, W |
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Frequency of rotation of knives, rpm |
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Motor rotation frequency, rpm |
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Overall dimensions (length x |
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width x height), mm |
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Weight, kg |
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The electric planer consists of a built-in electric motor, the rotor of which rotates in two ball bearings. At the end of the rotor shaft, a drive pulley is mounted, which drives the V-belt drive. The rotation of the knife drum (cutter) with two flat knives is carried out by means of a V-belt transmission from the rotor shaft. On the planer there are front (movable) and rear panels (skis) molded together with the body (fixed). A special mechanism lowers and raises the front ski, thereby adjusting the depth of milling (planing). The planer can be used as a semi-stationary machine, fixed on a table, workbench with panels up and installing a removable protective fence that protects hands from getting on the drum (cutter) with knives.
Before work, check the correct sharpening and installation of knives. The blades of the knives must be released in the same way and be on the same level with the back panel (ski). The weight of the knives must also be the same. Before installation, the knives must be carefully sharpened and balanced so that the knife shaft (drum) rotates without wobble. The angle of sharpening of knives should be 40-42°. It is necessary to fasten the knives to the shaft firmly, and the cutting edge must protrude by 1 - 1.5 mm beyond the cylindrical surface of the drum, and the blade of the knives must be strictly parallel to the axis of the drum (shaft).
Electric planer: 1 - casing covering the belt drive, 2 - mobile support, 3 - ring, 4, 7 - handles, 5 - cutter, 6 - electric motor, 8 - fixed support, 9 - cutters, 10 - wedge, 11 - bolt fasteners, 12 - screws
They work with an electric planer as follows. Connect the plug to the network, pull the trigger, turn on the electric motor. When the knife shaft reaches the desired speed, the electric planer is lowered onto the material to be processed, fixed on a workbench or table. Materials to be processed must be free from dust, dirt, snow.
The electric planer must be fed forward slowly so that when it comes into contact with the wood there is no sharp push, evenly, without much effort on the handle. The effort of the worker should be expended only on the advancement of the electric planer. When processing wood of medium hardness, the feed speed should be 1.5-2m/min. During operation, the electric planer is advanced along the material in a straight line, without distortions, making sure that chips and sawdust do not get under the panels (skis).
After the first pass (if it is necessary to start processing along or in the area next to the processed one), the electric motor is turned off and with the electric planer turned off, they return to their original position, after which the electric motor is turned on and starts working again. During breaks, the electric planer is turned off and placed with panels (skis) up or laid on its side.
When the planer vibrates, the balance of the knives is checked, as well as the play in the drum bearings. Upon receipt of an unclean surface, it is necessary to check the sharpening of knives and clean the planer from chips.
When working with an electric planer, it is necessary to ensure that current-carrying parts are reliably protected from accidental contact with them. All electrical connections must be properly insulated. The supply cable should not be laid with large bends.
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Manual electric planers (IE-5701A, IE-5708, IE-5707A).
Tools for mechanized wood processing. Manual electric planers (IE-5701A, IE-5708, IE-5707A) are designed for milling wood along the fibers (Table 2).
Table 2. Technical characteristics of manual electric planers: IE-5701A, IE-5708, IE-5707A.
| Indicators | IE-5701A | IE-5708 | IE-5707A |
Maximum milling width, mm |
75 | 100 | 100 |
The greatest depth of milling, mm |
2 | 3 | 3 |
Cutting speed, m/s |
34 | 32 | 25 |
Electric motor: |
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type of current |
single phase | three-phase | |
voltage, V |
220 | 220 | 220 |
current frequency, Hz |
50 | 50 | 50 |
Power, W |
370 | 750 | 600 |
Frequency of rotation of knives, rpm |
9500 | - | - |
Motor rotation frequency, rpm |
12000 | - | - |
Overall dimensions (length x width x height), mm |
450X215X155 | 440X215X185 | 560X210X195 |
Weight, kg |
6 | 7,5 | 17 |
The planer (Fig. 33) consists of a built-in electric motor 3, the rotor of which rotates in two ball bearings. At the end of the rotor shaft, a drive pulley is mounted, which drives the V-belt drive 7. The rotation of the knife drum (cutter) with two flat knives is carried out by means of a V-belt drive from the rotor shaft. On the planer there is a front (movable) and a back panel (skis) molded together with the body (fixed). A special mechanism lowers and raises the front ski, thereby adjusting the depth of milling (planing). The planer can be used as a semi-stationary machine, fixed on a table, workbench with panels up and installing a removable protective fence that protects hands from getting on the drum (cutter) with knives.
|| Basic principles of stairs design || Simple stairs || Stairs with bowstrings || Stairs with stringers || Spiral stairs || Beskosournye (hanging) stairs || Outdoor stairs || Railing for stairs || Finishing stairs || Stair lighting || Repair of stairs || Use of understair spaceElectric circular saws are produced in a very large assortment. Firms produce them complete with carbide discs, which are characterized by two parameters: 1) by the number of teeth; 2) according to the material from which they are made. Discs with a small number of teeth (up to 24) provide high cutting speeds. For cross and clean cuts, it is better to use blades with a large number of teeth. This circumstance must be taken into account when selecting a disk for a particular operation. If you have a need to purchase a blade for an existing saw, then you need to pay attention to the diameter of the mounting hole. In products of different companies, this size may vary. On fig. 4 shows the domestic manual circular electric saw IE-5104.
Rice. 4. Manual circular electric saw IE-5104:
1 - support panel; 2 - movable casing; 3 - saw blade; 4 - fixed casing; 5 - switch handle.
Of the imported saws, most often found in the distribution network, the most convenient are foreign-made saws: SKIL, SKILSAW 1850, BOSH PKS40, SKILSAW 5565 and some other models. All circular saws must be equipped with a protective cover to ensure safe operation. A tool with an electronic soft start system has proven itself well. When using a saw, remember that sharp blades last much longer. Technical characteristics of hand-held electric saws of domestic production are reflected in Table. 1. About possible methods work with electric saw we will tell you when we consider wood processing techniques.
Table 1. Technical characteristics of hand-held circular saws.
| Indicators | IE-5104 | IE-5106 | IE-5107 |
| Saw blade diameter, mm | 200 | 160 | 200 |
| Maximum cutting depth, mm | 70 | 45 | 65 |
| Saw blade speed, rpm | 2400 | 2900 | 2900 |
| Feed rate for full depth sawing, m/min | 1,2 | 1,2 | 1,2 |
| Useful power of the electric motor, kW | 0,6 | 0,37 | 0,75 |
Electric saws unlike circular saws, they have a counter-movement of saw blades. They are used for cutting thick bars and even metal profiles. Some models of electric hacksaws (BOSH PEZ 550 PE), in addition to their main function, can also perform auxiliary operations. To do this, they are equipped with additional devices that easily turn the tool into a rasp for rough wood processing, a rust removal brush, a file, etc. For a home workshop, we can recommend the BOSH PEZ 1200 electric saw, which can be used not only for cutting wooden bars, but also for cutting foam concrete blocks, metal and other building materials.
Electric planers and jointers facilitate the work of the carpenter and help to achieve high quality in processing wooden surfaces. They are light and easy to handle, ensure safety in operation. The electrical power consumption of these tools is much lower than in stationary woodworking machines, which, among other things, require a special room. With the help of an electric planer, you can quite effectively process the bowstring or stringer of the stairs right on the balcony or in the corridor. To do this, you can make a primitive workbench from boards or other auxiliary materials. Electric planers are usually equipped with special tools that allow you to select quarters and perform other woodworking functions. It has proven itself in the work of the IE-5701A electric planer (Fig. 5). The main technical characteristics of electric planers are given in table. 2.
Rice. five. Electroplaner IE-5701A:
1 - head-holder; 2 - cover; 3 - electric motor; 4 - handle with trigger switch;
5 - base (ski); 6 - body; 7 - belt drive.
Table 2. Technical characteristics of manual electric planers.
| Indicators | IE-5701A | IE-5707A | IE-5708 |
| Maximum milling width, mm | 75 | 100 | 100 |
| Maximum milling depth, mm | 2 | 3 | 3 |
| Electric motor power, kW | 0,6 | 0,37 | 0,75 |
| Frequency of rotation of knives, rpm | 9500 | - | - |
Electric planers
Electric hand planers (GOST 8306 - 86) are designed for planing wood in the manufacture of various wooden structures.
Electric planes are made for work in a temperate climate: version V, category 2, protection class II.
Electric planers are powered from the mains alternating current voltage 220 V and frequency 50 Hz. The presence of double insulation ensures the safe operation of the operator and eliminates the use of grounding and protective shutdown devices.
The IE-5701B electric planer is produced in two modifications: for industrial and domestic use. Electric planers for industrial use must not be included in the lighting electrical network due to the creation of additional radio interference that exceeds the standards established for household equipment. In electric planers for domestic use, an additional capacitor is installed in the filter to suppress radio interference.
The design of the electric planer provides the possibility of smooth adjustment of the planing depth from 0 to 2 mm with fixation of the set position.
Rice. 1. Electroplaner IE-5701B
1 - front movable support; 2 - body; 3- mechanism for regulating the depth of planing; 4 - additional handle; 5 - electric motor - 6 - switch trigger; 7 - retainer; 8 - main handle; 9 - protective tube; 10 - belt tension mechanism; 11 - knife; 12 - cutter; 13 - drive pulley; 14 - armature shaft; 15 - belt; 16 - cutter shaft; 17 - driven pulley
The device of the electric planer IE-5701B (Fig. 1). The electric planer consists of a single-phase commutator motor, a flat-belt transmission, a cutter with inserted flat knives, a planing depth control mechanism, an electric planer body, a handle, a front movable support, a power cable with a plug.
The body of the electric motor is attached to the body of the electric planer. The double insulation of the electric planer is carried out due to the plastic case and the insulation of the armature shaft of the electric motor. Cooling of the electric motor occurs due to the suction of air by the fan through the slots of the cover, its passage through the electric motor and ejection through the windows of the intermediate shield.
The cutting body of the electric planer is a cutter with two flat knives fixed with a wedge and bolts. The cutter rotates in two ball bearings pressed into the body and cover of the electric planer. The rotation of the cutter comes from an electric motor using a belt drive. The belt drive consists of a driving and driven pulley connected by an endless belt 2 mm thick and 15 mm wide.
The planing depth of 0-2 mm is adjusted by turning the additional handle, as a result of which the movable support moves along the guides of the electric planer body.
The electric motor, the main and additional handles are mounted on a common plate. By moving the plate with adjusting screws, the drive belt is tensioned. The deflection of the belt should be within 2-4 mm.
The main handle contains a switch with a latch and a device for suppressing radio interference.
The design of the IE-5708 electric planer provides the possibility of smooth adjustment of the planing depth from 0 to 3 mm with fixation of the set position and the possibility of stationary installation.
The device of the electric planer IE-5708 (Fig. 2) is similar to the device of the electric planer IE-5701B.
The principle of operation of electric planes. The torque from the motor shaft through the drive pulley with the help of a belt for conoidal gears is transmitted to the driven pulley mounted on the cutter shaft, as a result of which the cutter receives rotation and the protruding flat knives during the translational movement of the electric planer forward planing in the capture zone, cutting the wood to a given depth.
Rice. 2. Electroplaner IE-5708
1 - mechanism for regulating the depth of planing; 2 - additional arm; 3 - planing depth indicator; 4 - body; 5 - electric motor;
handle-indicator of the depth of planing; 4 - body; 5 - electric motor; 6 - latch; 7 - switch; “- the main handle; 9 - rubber tube; 10 - fixed support (rear ski); 11 - flat belt transmission cover; 12 - drive pulley; 13 - strap; 14 - strap tension mechanism with tension roller; 15- cutter; 16 - knife; 77 - driven pulley; 18 - front movable support
Checking the serviceability and preparing electric planers for work. After a long period of storage, check the condition of the motor collector. To do this, remove the motor cover from the collector side.
In the presence of oxides or blackening of the collector, it is necessary to clean:
- turning the anchor by the fan blades of the electric motor, wipe the collector through the windows with a cloth soaked in white spirit or gasoline, and blow it with air;
- if the sparking has not disappeared, clean the collector with sanding paper, and then thoroughly blow it with compressed air to remove conductive dust;
- close the lid and turn on the electric planer at idle to burn in the brushes for 2-3 minutes.
Upon receipt of the electric planer from the warehouse and when preparing it for work, they check:
- compliance of the voltage and frequency of the current in the network with the passport data of the electric planer;
- reliability of fastening of parts and tightening of threaded connections (tightening of fasteners is carried out with the electric planer disconnected from the network);
- the condition of the insulation and serviceability of the current-carrying cable;
- the clarity of the switch by several repeated turns on idling;
- smooth rotation of the cutter by turning it by hand;
- the correct fastening of the knives (with proper sharpening and installation of the blades of the knives, when turning the cutter, they should touch the working edge of the ruler pressed against the fixed support of the electric planer along the entire edge);
- belt tension (the required tension is set by turning the tension roller after removing the cover and loosening the roller fixing screws);
- the presence of vibration during idle starts (during vibration, it is necessary to check the mass of knives with fasteners - the difference in mass should not exceed 0.5 g);
- setting the required planing depth by turning the additional handle to the appropriate scale division;
- installation (if necessary) of a cutter for removing the fold, for which it is necessary to turn the protective strip of the cutter by 180 ° and fix it.
If no faults were found, and the detected ones were eliminated and adjustment work was carried out to prepare for the performance of certain operations, you can start working.
Before starting work, the material to be processed should be cleaned of nails and other objects, remove foreign inclusions and clean of dirt.
To operate the electric planer in a stationary position, turn it 180 ° and fix it on a workbench or table using the accessories included in the kit.
Methods and procedure for performing work. The material prepared for planing is fixed on a workbench. The electric planer is plugged into the mains with a plug and taken right hand for the main, and the left - for the additional handle. The electric motor is turned on and fixed immediately before the electric planer is lowered onto the material being processed (Fig. 3, a).
Planing is carried out by uniform movement of the electric planer along the fibers of the treated wood at a speed of about 3 m/min. If the width of the processed wood exceeds the width of the knives, a second and subsequent planing passes are made.
When the electric motor stops or the cutter stops rotating during operation, it is necessary to turn off the electric motor and disconnect the electric planer from the mains with a plug and eliminate the malfunction.
In the process of performing work, it is necessary to monitor the serviceability of the electric planer, checking the presence of sparks in the collector brushes, the degree of heating of the electric motor housing, the degree of tightening of bolts and other threaded connections, to prevent overloading the electric motor, protect it from shock and damage, follow the rules for protecting the cable from damage, as well as labor safety requirements.
During stationary use of the electric planer, the material being processed moves evenly along the base of the body and the front support to the cutter, while the material must be held so that the hands are not above the cutter. When planing short bars and at the end of planing, long ones, it is imperative to use an additional bar to press and advance the material being processed. The worker must always be to the left of the electric planer, and not behind the material being processed.
Rice. 3. Planing with an electric planer (a, b)
An important condition for ensuring the normal planing of wood is the sharpening of knives. Sharpening is carried out only along the back surface of the knife at an angle of 40 ° ± 2 °, avoiding overheating - the appearance of tint colors. To avoid annealing the knife during sharpening, it must be periodically cooled with water or a special emulsion. To extend the life of the knife, it is necessary to remove the minimum necessary layer of metal during sharpening. The cutting edges of the knives must be straight and sharp.
After completion of work, the electric planer is disconnected from the mains with a plug, cleaned of chips and dust, the power cable is wiped with a rag, the entire set is placed in a case and deposited. If malfunctions are found during operation, the electric planer is handed over to the repair shop. They also clean up the workplace. Processed and unprocessed materials are stacked separately in piles or indicated places, garbage, chips and trimmings are removed to the place provided for this.
Safety measures during work. The presence in the electric planer of rotating sharp knives and electrical equipment require strict compliance with labor safety requirements. Violation of the instructions and rules of operation can lead to accidents and accidents.
Periodic technical services, detection and elimination of minor malfunctions and repair of electric planers are carried out by specialists with a qualification group for safety measures not lower than III.
In the process of working with an electric planer, the following rules must be observed:
- monitor the serviceability of the insulation of the current-carrying cable and the reliability of connecting its ends to the switch;
- it is possible to adjust, replace knives and troubleshoot only after disconnecting the electric planer from the mains with a plug;
- during a break in work, when moving from one place to another, at the end of work or a shift, disconnect the electric planer from the network;
- prevent cable twisting, as well as cable laying through access roads and in places of storage of materials, in last resort the cable must be reliably protected from damage by hanging it or covering it with boards;
- do not allow cable tension when working or moving with an electric planer from one place to another;
- prevent overheating of the motor housing above 60 °C;
- in case of interruption in the supply of current or jamming of moving parts during operation, the electric planer must be disconnected from the mains;
- turn on the electric planer immediately before starting work;
the material intended for planing must be securely fastened;
when stationary using an electric planer, the material to be processed should be held so that the hands are not above the cutter;
- when planing short beams, it is imperative to use an additional block of wood to push and push the material, while the worker must always be to the left of the electric planer, and not behind the material being processed.
Safety rules prohibit: to work with an electric planer in rooms with an explosive, as well as with a chemically active environment that destroys metals and insulation, in conditions of drops and splashes, as well as on open areas during rain and snowfall; ground the electric planer;
leave unattended an electric planer connected to the mains;
transfer the electric planer for work (at least temporarily) to other persons who do not have the right to use it, disassemble it and repair it on their own;
direct contact of the cable with hot * mi and oily surfaces.
The operation of the electric planer is prohibited if at least one of the following malfunctions occurs during operation:
- damage to the plug, cable or its protective tube;
- damage to the brush holder cover;
- fuzzy operation of the switch;
- sparking brushes on the collector, accompanied by the appearance of a circular fire on its surface;
- the appearance of smoke or smell characteristic of burning insulation;
the appearance of increased noise, knocking, vibration;
- breakage or appearance of cracks in the body parts of the handle;
knife damage.
To comply with hygiene standards for noise levels at the workplace, organizations operating an electric planer must use building and technical acoustics.
In the absence of such means, personal protective equipment should be used if the duration of the electric plane exceeds 1 hour per shift.
The corrected sound power level of the electric planer, taking into account the coefficient of intra-shift use, meets the requirements of GOST 12.1.003-83.
The vibration level of the electric planer is significantly lower than the permissible level according to GOST 17770-86.
Testing and verification after repair and disassembly of the electric planer are carried out in a special repair shop.
Maintenance and lubrication of the electric planer is carried out in order to maintain the electric planer in good technical condition and readiness for operation.
Maintenance services are: daily and periodic.
Every shift maintenance is carried out daily and includes cleaning the electric planer from chips and dirt and wiping the cable with rags after work is completed, tightening threaded connections and knife fasteners, checking and wiping the strap from grease, checking the insulation of the current supply cable, conducting an external inspection and identifying externally definable faults.
Periodic maintenance is carried out after 50 hours of operation of the electric planer, but at least once every 3 months.
Periodic maintenance includes:
- Carrying out work on shift maintenance;
inspection of brushes and, if necessary, their replacement (brushes less than 9 mm long must be replaced);
- removal of coal dust from parts of the electric motor by blowing with compressed air;
- replacement of grease in bearings in accordance with the lubrication chart when performing incomplete disassembly of the electric planer (grease No. 158 is used as the main lubricant, CIATIM-221 grease is allowed).
The bearings of the electric motor, cutter and control roller are subject to lubrication.
During long-term storage of the electric planer in the warehouse, the metal parts are coated with conservation grease.
TO Category: - Manual machines for construction work
