Parquet can be used for laying in almost any room. The material is highly environmentally friendly, and can serve for many years. But the service life will directly depend on whether the material is laid correctly. How to lay parquet and how to lay a parquet board yourself?
Parquet is a type of flooring that is made from durable wood of various species. It is a wooden element large sizes, which cover the rough bases in houses, apartments, offices. The material is considered environmentally friendly, durable, beautiful. A special chic can be achieved if the coating is laid with some kind of geometric pattern.
There are several types of parquet on the market.
Now another type of parquet is very popular -. It consists of three layers made of wood and connected in such a way that the directions of the fibers are perpendicular to each other. Thus, it is possible to ensure that the material reacts less to fluctuations in humidity and temperature.
Attention! Parquet is a wooden product, it does not like excessive humidity in the place where it is laid, and also reacts sharply to changes in temperature. Under the influence of these factors, the material can greatly change in size, either expanding or contracting.
The top layer parquet board is decorative, usually made from beautiful and valuable tree species. It is usually varnished and may have a mosaic pattern. The bottom layer is represented by cheaper and simpler wood (for example, coniferous). The length of the parquet board varies between 120-127 cm, and the width can reach 21 cm.
Prices for Tarkett parquet
parquet tarkett
Main selection criteria
The key to a durable and beautiful repair is right choice material. Therefore, the procedure for buying parquet or parquet boards should be treated with special attention. It is important to see how thick the top layer of the coating has - this will determine the duration of the material's preservation of its original appearance. If the layer is thin and of poor quality, then the parquet will quickly scratch and fade, and will often require grinding.
Important when choosing a board is the total thickness of the floor elements. Yes, best of all living rooms use strips with a thickness of at least 13 mm. If the parquet will be laid on concrete, then about 25 mm.
On a note! If the parquet or parquet board will be attached to plywood laid on logs, then you can buy thinner material.
The quality of the processing of materials and the type of wood can also play a role when choosing a parquet. All elements must be smooth, well polished. Curved and swollen boards are strictly forbidden to buy. And depending on the type of wood used in the manufacture of wood products, the hardness, strength, reliability of the material and its reaction to external factors environment.
It also remains important appearance products. It is worth choosing a parquet of such a color that it harmonizes with the interior decoration of the room.. Sometimes it is better to give preference to type-setting types of material that have a pattern, or, conversely, use massive parquet, which will resemble an ordinary board.
Parquet flooring - colors
The time of the appearance of gaps between them will also depend on the quality of the locking joints of the parquet planks. Wood is a breathable, living material, and changes its size with changes in humidity and temperature. This means that if the locks are of poor quality, then cracks will soon form on the floor, which will spoil the appearance of the coating.
Ways of laying parquet boards and parquet
Parquet can be laid in several ways. Often the choice of option directly depends on the type of rough foundation. Consider the basic methods of installation of parquet flooring.
Table. Ways of laying all types of parquet.
| Method | Short description |
|---|---|
| Adhesive components are not used for laying parquet or parquet board, which means that the material does not have a strong connection with the floor base. After finishing work, you do not have to wait until the coating dries - you can immediately move on such a floor. This is the easiest and most economical option for installing parquet. Unfortunately, due to the lack of adhesion of the coating to the base, the material can crumble, or rather, individual planks can fall out, which entails the destruction of the entire coating. Fortunately, modern boards are equipped with locking joints, which hold the material together. The main thing is to lay on a flat and clean base, covered with a special hydro- and sound-insulating substrate. The floating method cannot be used in rooms with a large floor area and high traffic. |
| Parquet elements are glued to the subfloor with a special polyurethane adhesive applied with a notched trowel. In this case, the glue is applied in small areas, as it sets quite quickly. Usually, plywood, OSB board and other leveling materials are used as a rough base. It is impossible to walk on parquet freshly laid in this way until the glue dries well (at least 2 days), so installation always starts from the wall farthest from the exit. With this method, parquet can also be laid on wooden floors that are sanded and have a well-leveled surface. Sometimes self-tapping screws can be used for additional fastening. |
| In this case, the parquet is laid on a base fixed to the logs. This is not exactly a method of laying this material, but still can be considered as such. The lag is installed on a draft base, the base is securely fixed on them, on which then the details of the parquet are laid, fixing in the chosen way. |
On a note! Parquet can also be laid on other types of floor coverings. In this case, the floating method is usually used. But if the material is placed on ceramics, then the adhesive method is used. When installing parquet on a floor heating system, thin material is used (not thicker than 8.5 mm), otherwise the heat from the system will not pass into the room.
Rules for laying parquet
High-quality installation of parquet flooring is impossible without following a few rules. Experienced builders know them, but beginners would do well to get acquainted with them. Additional knowledge will help prevent mistakes, which can sometimes play a decisive role:
- materials for finishing the floor should be stored prior to installation in the same room where they will be laid. So they can acclimatize and get used to the conditions in which they will be operated;
- the material is laid taking into account the direction of the light rays. In this case, the joints between the individual planks will not be so conspicuous;
- Parquet installation must be carried out under the following conditions: air temperature - not less than +18 degrees, air humidity - 40-60%, humidity of concrete screed - no more than 12%;
- if the parquet will be laid on the underfloor heating system, then it must be heated at a level of approximately 2/3 of the total power for 10-14 days. The procedure is carried out even in the summer. Before laying, the temperature drops to 18 degrees;
- after laying the flooring, the temperature of the warm floors should rise gradually. It is also important to ensure that the temperature of the parquet floor is no more than 27 degrees during its use. Daily fluctuations cannot exceed 5 degrees;
- parquet can only be laid on a well-leveled, clean and dry surface. If necessary, the floors are leveled with a screed or plywood sheets;
- if, during the installation of the parquet floor, the planks will be laid with a pattern that implies trimming parts, then the installation usually begins with them;
- it is most convenient to cut parquet with a jigsaw;
- there should be a compensation gap of about 8-10 mm between the wall and the beginning of the parquet flooring. It is convenient to use small wedges for this. If this measure is neglected, then the parquet can go in waves;
- the best option for waterproofing under parquet - coating.
Tools and materials
For the installation of parquet flooring, the following tools may be required:
- finishing crutch, which is necessary for a tighter connection of individual planks;
- finishing plank, which can be replaced with a regular softwood block;
- mallet;
- building level, tape measure, marker, corner - to change the necessary data and apply markup;
- a jigsaw is useful for cutting parquet if necessary;
- wedges used to provide a gap between the coating and the wall.
Polyethylene film can be used as a waterproofing substrate for parquet. It is overlapped by at least 20 cm if the room has such an area that one strip of material is not enough to cover the entire base. good thermal insulation will provide a thin substrate of cork. Upon completion of the work, the parquet can be varnished.
If the coating is glued, then polyurethane glue is purchased. For additional fixation, you can buy self-tapping screws. They will be "driven" into the places where the lock joints of the slats are located.
Preparatory stage of work
Any work, and especially such a responsible one as laying parquet, begins with preparation. And, first of all, the draft base is subjected to the preparation procedure. It is carefully leveled - for this you can use self-leveling mixtures that are poured into the screed. The easiest way to level a wooden floor is with plywood sheets.
On a note! The permissible level of curvature of the subfloor cannot exceed 2-3 mm. It is easy to determine it - it is enough to lay a long building level in different places of the base, finding out if there is a gap between it and the floor, and what size it is.
Also, the subfloor must be cleaned of debris and dried. Otherwise, the floors will eventually creak, “walk”, and excess moisture will spoil the coating itself.
Laying parquet board
Step 1. A layer of waterproofing film is laid on a carefully prepared (cleaned and dried) base. In this case, the material is brought onto the walls by about 10 cm, and in the case of laying individual strips, the overlap is about 30 cm. It is best to glue the joints with adhesive tape.
Step 2 A soft but thin substrate is laid on the surface of the waterproofing. Here it is important to make sure that the individual strips lie butt-to-butt, and not on top of each other, so that there are no bumps.
Step 3 The final decision is made regarding the laying pattern of the parquet board. It is best if it is mounted in the usual order in rows with a shift of the boards (in this case, the beginner will not make a fatal mistake). The direction of the rays of light is taken into account - the parquet board is located perpendicular to the window.
Step 4 The first board is laid along the wall in the far corner of the room. A gap of 10 mm is formed between it and the wall. Wedges may be used for convenience.
Step 5 Boards are stacked in rows. The next one is placed from the end of the previous one.
Step 6 It is important to make sure that the locking connection snaps into place (until it clicks).
Step 7 The remaining space is measured from the already laid boards to the wall. Dimensions are transferred to the whole board. Cut according to measurements right size piece of parquet board.
Step 8 The cut board is laid last in a row.
Step 9 A cut board can be used to start laying the next row if it is of sufficient length (at least half of the original). Now the boards are installed at an angle of 45 degrees on the boards of the first row (this is necessary for joining the locks). Next, the board gently lowers to the floor until it clicks. When laying the joints of the boards of the first and second rows should not coincide.
Step 10 The next board in a row is installed according to the same principle. The locks should snap into place on both the long and short sides of the board.
Step 11 Doorjamb cut to board height. The resulting debris is removed with a vacuum cleaner.
Step 12 To install the threshold required to form a joint between two coatings in the area of the doorway, part of the substrate is removed. A metal bar is installed in its place, it is attached to the floor with dowels.
Step 13 End-to-end with this bar, the laying of the parquet board continues.
Step 14 The threshold itself is installed after the completion of the installation work on laying the floor.
Step 15 The last row of boards is laid. If necessary, they can be cut to the required width. Lock connections from the side of the wall are cut off.
Step 16 It remains to install the skirting boards and remove the excess waterproofing film. The parquet floor is ready.
Video - How to lay a parquet board
How to lay piece parquet?
Step 1. The traditional preparation of the rough foundation is in progress. Works are being carried out on applying coating waterproofing and drying this layer. Next, the adhesive for parquet is kneaded in accordance with the instructions. The best mixing can be achieved using a construction mixer.
Step 2 On the small plot the floor is applied with a wide notched trowel. It is impossible to coat the entire floor, since it will be impossible to move along it, and the adhesive mass sets quite quickly.
Step 3 The first parquet boards are laid along the far wall in accordance with the selected pattern. At the same time, a small gap of 10 mm remains between the coating and the walls.
Step 4 Parquet planks are laid in accordance with the selected pattern. When laying on glue, they are well pressed to the base. During installation, make sure that there are no gaps between the planks.
Step 5 Thus, the parquet floor is laid out over the entire area. It is important to ensure that the glue does not get on the material itself - in the event of such a disaster, it must be removed immediately.
Video - Laying strip parquet
Installing parquet flooring is a painstaking task. It is important to avoid mistakes when laying the coating, then it will delight residents with a beautiful appearance for many years.
It is difficult to argue with the opinion of the masters who claim that a real wooden floor can only be made from parquet or parquet boards. Traditionally, parquet is laid out on a prepared substrate or on logs. The modern quality of the multi-layer parquet board allows you to lay the material even on concrete. The pleasure is not cheap, but the quality of the coating is very high. The outer surface of the flooring is lined with hardwood inserts traditionally used for the manufacture and arrangement of parquet. Therefore, the floor turns out to be beautiful and durable, but on one condition, the master who took up the laying must perfectly understand how to lay the parquet board on the concrete floor.
What is parquet board
The classic version of the type-setting from a small-sized parquet board is quite rare today, primarily because of the high price of the material. A plank 400-500 mm long and 40-50 mm wide was cut from solid oak or elm massifs, carefully finished and sorted by pattern and surface texture. As a result, high-quality oak parquet cost an astronomical amount of money, in order to lay a parquet plank, it was necessary to find an intelligent master. Material required daily care, periodic grinding, sanding and polishing with wax.
Modern parquet is much easier to use. It is produced in two versions:
- In the form of a solid thick parquet board made of solid oak or beech wood;
- In the form of a lamella, glued from a pine base, with an external insert made of hardwood.
For your information! The dimensions of a parquet board are several times larger than the dimensions of a classic parquet fragment, it is much cheaper and easier to handle, it is quite possible to lay the board on a concrete floor with your own hands.
Solid wood parquet is much more expensive than a three-layer coating, so it is used as a finish for expensive repairs, offices, apartments and representative premises. At the same time, glued parquet boards, even those with expensive types of wood on the outside, are becoming more and more popular due to their relative affordable price and the ability to lay the material with your own hands.
The parquet board is produced in the form of lamellas up to 250 mm wide, 2200 mm long, 12-14 mm thick. The top layer of oak or beech may have an additional oil or varnish coating that prevents the most sensitive part of the parquet from absorbing moisture and subsequent warping. On the sides of each lamella, a spike and a groove are cut out, allowing you to lay parquet boards in one rigid flooring.
Laying a two-layer parquet board, laying technology
There are several ways to lay a parquet board on a concrete floor:
The most terrible enemy of parquet boards is open moisture and water condensate, so craftsmen prefer not to lay parquet directly on the concrete floor, even if there is an intermediate layer of primer and protective film. A cold, damp concrete surface always becomes a place for condensation of water vapor, causing swelling and warping of the supporting surface of the parquet board.
Experts recommend laying parquet on a wooden, plywood or cardboard base for two reasons. Firstly, in this way it is possible to additionally compensate for surface defects for parquet laying, and secondly, the adhesion of the base of the parquet board to the concrete floor base is improved.
Before making a choice how to lay a parquet board, it is necessary to bring the quality concrete surface to the most even state, without cones and humps.
Preparation of the concrete floor surface for laying parquet
High-quality preparation of the concrete floor, before laying the parquet, requires great patience, a significant investment of time and effort. Assembling flooring from parquet boards is often much easier than leveling a concrete base. But getting it right is very important. The parquet floor is not even a laminate or linoleum, which can be laid on almost any concrete screed. On a base with small flaws, with depressions and a slope, you can lay a laminate flooring, and then, if a high-quality substrate is used.
Why is it so important to lay parquet on a perfectly flat and rigid base surface? The fact is that the behavior of a parquet board is fundamentally different from a classic parquet board. Relatively rigid parquet board of large sizes on uneven surface will definitely begin to “play” under your feet or under the weight of furniture. As a result, the joints between the parquets will automatically work in shear and fracture, which will eventually lead to the destruction of the lock and delamination from the adhesive base.
To qualitatively lay a parquet board, which will last a couple of decades, you must do the following:
If the error is within the normal range, you can lay parquet, if during all the manipulations it was not possible to level the concrete surface, that is, it makes sense to perform a bulk self-leveling floor that will allow you to lay parquet without a base or with a minimum thickness of lining material.
If the concrete floor is on the ground floor, and the height allows another 20-25 mm of leveling mix to be laid, then it would be more rational to use a self-leveling base. Otherwise, it will be necessary to lay the gasket material from OSB, waterproof plywood or very dense corrugated cardboard. The thickness of the lining is selected as ¾ of the thickness of the parquet board.
Laying parquet board
Before laying the plywood sheets, the concrete is treated with a thin layer of acrylic primer. In order to lay the plywood lining as firmly and accurately as possible, the consistency of the adhesive must correspond to thick sour cream. It is applied to concrete with a brush and rubbed with a wide steel spatula.
After that, you can put sheets of lining material. The procedure is quite laborious, but you should not rush. As in the case of leveling the concrete surface under the parquet board, when laying plywood, you should try to get the most even horizontal surface. The sheets are laid in a chessboard or in a "run-up", the seams are sealed with an acrylic-based sealant. After about two days, the seams and the plane of the underlay are checked with a horizontal level and sanded with a belt sander.
Installation of a parquet board on an adhesive basis
If the concrete base has been leveled with the required surface quality, then it makes sense to lay the parquet board with glue directly on the concrete. With this solution, it will be possible to lay the package faster and better than using a wooden substrate.
For sticking parquet, two types of glue are used - on acrylic resin and on a two-component polyurethane basis. Both types of glue allow you to lay parquet with high adhesion quality, so you do not need to buy the most expensive brands of glue. Previously, parquet and linoleum were laid on a concrete floor using bitumen-styrene mastic used for waterproofing roofing. The quality and durability of this option were quite high.
Before laying the first two rows, restrictive wedges are installed along the wall, providing a gap of 10-12 mm between the first row and the vertical surface. The glue dries quickly, so it is prepared in small portions, if possible, used immediately. The adhesive layer is applied with a notched trowel, as in the photo, only on an area the size of a single board, after which the first parquet is laid out with a spike to the wall. In addition to the supporting surface, the adhesive must be laid in a lock so that the joints between the parquet boards are also glued.
Each subsequent row must be cut and laid so that the end seam between the boards is displaced by 1/3 of the length relative to the previous row. Each board must be properly closed with the previous row, and most importantly, carefully aligned in a horizontal plane and knocked out.
After laying, excess glue is removed, and the seams are rubbed with acrylic sealant. After 4-5 days, you can start finishing the parquet.
In a similar way, you can lay a parquet board on a plywood or pressed fibreboard lining.
Free laying parquet
Parquet boards can be laid on a high quality wooden lining without the use of nails or adhesives. Typically, such a coating is laid for small rooms, in which the temperature and humidity differences can reach significant values. For example, a glazed terrace or a living room.
In this case, the parquet fabric is assembled from individual boards, similar to a laminate flooring. Such parquet is held on the surface of the lining layer only due to the adhesion of the locks, which allows it to expand freely when heated or when the air humidity increases.
Conclusion
Before starting laying the flooring, the parquet material must spend at least a week in the room where it is supposed to be laid. The boards will gain the required level of moisture, and the floors will not creak or deform due to excess or lack of moisture. After laying the parquet, it will be necessary to sand the joints and pre-grind the surface. Then it remains only to process with mastic or apply a varnish coating.
Diagonal parquet flooring
Installing tiles on underfloor heating
How to properly lay a parquet board
Underfloor heating installation under tiles
Among the modern coatings that are designed for the floor, the parquet board occupies a high place. When decorated like this finishing material the premises acquire beautiful view, and this speaks of the good taste of the owner. Previously, parquet was an expensive material and its installation also required experience and skills. But, with the development of new technologies, all processes have become easier. At the moment, you can do this work yourself. It is enough to be able to use the tool and study the installation instructions well.
The most important factor in this process is the choice quality coverage- wood. It is better not to chase cheap material, but to opt for a well and properly dried coating with good geometry. Another important factor is the quality of the adhesive composition. It would be good to give preference to an already proven option so as not to spoil the final result.
Preparing for installation
In order to properly prepare the surface for assembling the laminate, it is important to decide what type of base will be chosen. The installation technology is the same in all cases, only the base can differ significantly.
If the coating is laid on concrete slabs, then it is necessary to level it with a concrete or cement-sand screed.
It is not recommended to mount the laminate on a fresh screed, it is necessary to withstand at least a month, and it is best to wait for the surface to dry completely. The degree of drying can be checked. To do this, cut off a large square from the laminate and secure it tightly to the plane with adhesive tape. You can also take a regular jar and put it upside down on the floor. After at least 40 hours, the square must be disconnected and checked for condensation. If not, then you can start assembling the parquet board, and if there is, then you should still give time to dry. You can try some method to reduce the humidity in the room. Requirements that are put forward to the screed:
- It is better if the residual humidity reaches no more than 5%;
- Differences on the surface should not exceed 2 mm;
- At high humidity wait until there is a norm;
At this stage, it is necessary to have a laser level and a moisture meter in order to determine the residual moisture or use the above advice.
When preparing the base for the laminate, no matter what material will be used, it is necessary to lay a waterproofing layer.
To do this, you need roofing material, ordinary, but dense polyethylene or specially made for this waterproofing film. The prepared strips of this material should be laid on a concrete base with an overlap of 15 or 20 centimeters. The joints can be joined together with mastic or adhesive tape. If the room is located in such a way that the humidity level is often elevated, experts advise making two layers of insulation: a waterproofing layer, as well as bituminous mastic. Some cases also involve the installation of a layer of sound insulation and thermal insulation. If plywood will be used for covering, the insulation should be made of foamed polyurethane or polyethylene. If logs are used between them, it is necessary to use a special insulation made of mineral wool.
Plywood is laid to concrete with screws, as well as dowels. But, before that, you must first drill holes for them of the appropriate size. It is necessary to attach plywood from the middle of the sheet.
Before laying the laminate, it is necessary to fix the plywood sheet in approximately 32 places. Its thickness must be at least 2 centimeters. During fixation, it is important to ensure that the seams are not splayed.
If there are beams on the surface, before laying the parquet board, a subfloor should be made. If the beams are far apart, it is necessary to equip the logs. The distance between the lags should be approximately 50-60 centimeters.
The beam, which will be used for logs, must be pre-treated with an antiseptic. But, if they are made of larch bars, this process can be abandoned. This material is very high quality and does not rot. You need to put it on a special cork gasket to provide sound insulation and roofing material to perform waterproofing. It is necessary to lay out this material around the entire perimeter, without gaps.
To lay high-quality parquet, the surface must be perfectly flat.
If you look from the bottom up, you can see such a "parquet cake" consisting of layers:
- Ceiling made of concrete mix;
- waterproofing layer;
- Self leveling agent;
- Primer;
- adhesive;
- Plywood is moisture resistant;
- Parquet glue;
- Parquet board.
As a waterproofing, you can use not only a polyethylene film, but also a foil-wrapped polypropylene armored film.
Purchased goods in packages should be opened in advance so that the material can adapt to room temperature. This process is best done a few weeks before the start of installation, but, in last resort, within 48 hours. The installation of the board is not permissible if the concrete screed has a difference of more than 2 cm, but suddenly this situation was found to be corrected by using a self-leveling mixture.
Installation of parquet on a wooden floor
Savings must always be justified. It is important to check before assembling the laminate how existing wood flooring suitable to be as a basis for subsequent material. It must be durable and withstand certain loads. But how to find out? What are the conditions for a rough wood flooring?
- Check the slope of the wooden floorboards, and two running meters it should be no more than 2 mm.
- When walking, the boards should not creak;
- There are no significant differences;
- When moving, the boards do not move and are well fixed;
- Make sure that all boards of the old coating are tongue-and-groove.
If there is even the slightest doubt, you can ask a professional for advice, and also not take risks, but dismantle the old wooden floor yourself. But, if everything is good and the coating is suitable, then you can begin to prepare the base for the installation of parquet.
Preliminary work with the base
All boards that move slightly must be firmly fixed. Then clean from dust and dirt, as well as polishing. After the wooden floor is prepared, it should be treated with an antiseptic. Wooden old boards must be covered with glue and moisture-resistant plywood, the thickness of which is 12 mm, is laid out on top. It is also important to leave expansion joints of about 2 mm between the sheets. Then fix the sheets with screws with a distance between them of 20-25 centimeters. Fixing should be carried out so that the head of the self-tapping screw goes into the sheet by about 3 millimeters. To remove defects and irregularities on plywood, it is necessary to grind the surface with a special machine.
There are some rules that must be observed when installing laminate on a wooden surface.
- All rough work in the room must be completed;
- During installation, it is important to comply with the established temperature regime, as well as the percentage of humidity;
- The temperature in the room should not be more than 24 degrees;
- Humidity in the room is not more than 60%.
- Humidity of the base on which the parquet will be mounted is not more than 6%.
Laying process
Masters give advice on laying laminate flooring: the boards must be assembled in a different direction than the wooden floor, it should be laid transversely or diagonally. The parquet is fixed with an adhesive. It must be applied to the base and attach the board so that the maximum contact of the segments is obtained. Boards can also be pulled together, if necessary, with wooden wedges. Leave a compensatory gap between the walls and the parquet.
The boards that are located in the first row should be oriented towards the wall with a groove. Self-tapping screws should be placed so that after installation they can be hidden with a plinth floor. A parquet board with a width of more than 15 centimeters must be front side fix additionally. This step can be performed as an element of decor and drive a self-tapping screw 1 cm deep and cover the hole with a wooden colored cork.
How to properly lay the parquet board on the logs?
This process does not contain wet and dirty steps, you will not need to perform cement mortars. This method is practical, since it is possible to lay various wiring, cables or pipes between the lags, and you can also lay an insulating layer.
It is not necessary to allocate time for drying the screed, which significantly reduces the installation time of the floor covering by less than a month.
Leagues are pieces of dry timber, which is pre-coated with an antiseptic. It will perfectly serve as protection against harmful influences and the occurrence of fungus and mold, which can reduce the life of the surface.
Lags must be laid so that they are perpendicular to the parquet board and fasten them together. It is important to level them up. If there are some irregularities, they can be corrected by tapping. And then attach special wedges to them.
Instead of regular lags, you can use adjustable ones. They are the same as wooden bars, only they have through threaded holes into which plastic stand bolts should be screwed, which are firmly fastened to the ceiling. The height of these racks is regulated by a special key. At this moment, the logs can rise or fall, exposing the surface to the level.
Layers of plywood must be laid on top of the lags. First, the first, which is fastened with self-tapping screws, and then the second - on glue, and then also on self-tapping screws, the caps of which should not be deepened by more than 4 mm. Plywood with a total thickness of at least 20 millimeters. Large sheets can be sawn into even pieces to relieve internal stress. The uppermost layer must be sanded and only then a parquet board should be laid on it.
It is possible to mount the parquet board on the old parquet flooring. This process should be performed only if it is still strong enough, does not creak. In this case, careful sanding must be carried out in order to achieve a perfectly even surface of the parquet. It should be driven by a drum grinder to remove defects and irregularities. Then the surface must be puttied. For this, you can use fine parquet dust, which was obtained in the process of grinding and a special liquid.
After the sanding process, the parquet must be varnished three to seven times using a roller.
The first layer is a primer, which impregnates the pores of the board. Before applying the last coat, the previously applied varnish must be sanded to remove wood fluff. It rises from the impact on the wood of previous layers of varnish.
The very last step in this process is the installation of a parquet plinth, which can perfectly mask all the irregularities of the wall, as well as veil wires or cables.
To learn how to lay a parquet board with high quality, it is recommended to watch this video:
Parquet is the choice of those who want to show their good taste, status and wealth. It has many advantages: environmental friendliness, quality, durability and decent appearance. Also, the process of laying a parquet board will not be difficult if you follow all the recommendations and rules.
Material types
Before you buy flooring, you need to find out what types of parquet exist today.
- 1-strip board It is made of a solid array and does not have big differences with a massive board. Its cost is much higher than other types of coatings. A single-strip board is used, mainly for rooms with a large area.
- Also suitable for such premises two-strip board because it is wider. It consists of two planks. They can be integral or consist of separate parts - modules.
- For spacious rooms, it is of great relevance board three-strip. It consists of several narrow planks, which are made of various types of wood.
- Four-strip boards are also made from different breeds. They are the narrowest. Their cost is very low. This coverage has many disadvantages. Such a coating is poorly restored and polished, since it has a thin layer of wood, is highly susceptible to moisture and contains harmful substances.
- Massive parquet board larch is one of the most sustainable materials. Differs in durability, beauty and resistance to water. Coniferous breed is very demanded.
Technology features
In order to lay the parquet board yourself, it will be enough to follow right technology styling to avoid mistakes.
Before carefully prepare and adhere to a certain technology. First, pay attention to the surface of the floor. It should be smooth, strong, without damage and cracks. If present, these deficiencies must be corrected.
Since the parquet board is not suitable for rooms with high humidity, it is not recommended to lay it in a toilet or bathroom. Also, the temperature in the room should not be lower than 19 degrees.
First you need to decide on the flooring. It can be various substrates, heaters. Another feature in laying this coating is that it must be laid in the direction from the wall so that the shadow does not fall on the joints.
Mounting methods
There are many methods for installing a parquet board with your own hands.
The parquet board can be laid using the “floating floor” method. With the help of this technology, the dies are fastened to each other in a locking way along the joints, and are not attached to the base. This technology is suitable for laying laminated parquet. The glueless connection method is performed by cutting specially designed fasteners - grooves and locks that are easily and quickly connected to each other.
The main advantage of this method is that over time, strength is not violated. Mounts are resistant to any changes in temperature and humidity in the house and heavy loads such as heavy furniture. When using the glueless method of joining boards, it is hard to make a mistake, so if you are laying a parquet board for the first time, you don’t have to worry much about it.
After you varnish the coating, the joints will not stand out much, the boards will lie in a single sheet, even if you laid it opposite the light source.
This type of connection allows the dismantling of parquet boards without taking into account the direction in which they were laid, if they are damaged or deteriorated.
The glueless method is, of course, the most technologically advanced. However, adhesive laying is important when the rigidity of the base is required, as well as when the room is large, since the parquet boards are completely glued to the surface of the base.
Glue is used special, designed for gluing parquet boards.
It is not recommended to use a water-based adhesive, as such a coating can be deformed. The lower grooves of the parquet board are glued and connected to each other. For more reliable gluing, the adhesive can be applied in two layers.
There are also longitudinal and diagonal laying methods. These types of installation differ in that they begin to be laid in a longitudinal way from the wall opposite the entrance, and in a diagonal way they are laid from one corner. The diagonal way looks decent, but you will have a lot of extra trimming, the work will be more difficult and not economical.
Another way to lay parquet boards is deck. This technology is relatively simple: one board is laid next to another board.
Laying along the direction of the light is the most comfortable method of all, as long seams do not cast shadows and the surface looks completely even and solid. But it is in demand only for those rooms where the windows face one side. If light penetrates from all sides, then such an effect of integrity will not work.
Installation across the direction of light is suitable when it is necessary to make the room visually more spacious. This method is suitable for a corridor or a narrow hallway.
With straight laying, the boards are laid parallel to the wall. This method is the most economical, as it leaves very little extra cut boards.
When laying diagonally, the boards lie diagonally. It takes a small amount of boards to trim. The method is perfect for wide rooms, where a special coating will attract attention. But do not lay the parquet board diagonally if you plan to furnish the room.
It is very easy and convenient to prick the floor with one board, as it takes less time to work. The boards are first fastened along short seams, and then the whole strip is laid on the base. It should be noted that there should be a gap between the parquet board and the wall, since the tree tends to expand and contract depending on the temperature in the room.
If the coating is designed for a long period of use, it is better to cover it with a second layer of varnish. The joint of the boards filled with this is protected from water ingress during wet cleaning. In this way, you can extend the life of the coating.
Oddly enough, but the parquet board can also be mounted on the ceiling. It is necessary to start from the corner that is opposite the door near the windows. You can lay the parquet board on the ceiling parallel to the light that falls from the windows. An important condition for laying the coating is leaving a small gap of a few millimeters between the wall and the parquet board.
Foundation preparation
Before laying the parquet board, you need to make sure that the base is solid, even and dry. These qualities will be inherent in the concrete screed and adjustable floors from wood. For rooms that do not have high ceilings, a screed is suitable. And under the floors of wood, you can lay the necessary communications.
An uneven floor surface with large differences will creak strongly and can deform the parquet covering. That is why surface leveling is so important. You can use the hydraulic level to monitor bumps and height transitions. Also, the screed can be made using special self-leveling mixtures. But in order for such a base to dry completely, it will take two or three weeks. Moisture-resistant plywood flooring also has its advantages. Aligning such a base is much easier to perform.
If on concrete floor irregularities are pronounced, it will be reasonable to level it with the help of a self-leveling floor and self-leveling mixtures.
First, the surface is primed and poured, and then special devices are used to roll out this mixture. Such a floor is not afraid of moisture and it will never leak, and you can also achieve a perfectly flat surface.
Concrete
If you decide to lay the flooring on a concrete base, then you should check it for cracks, large drops, pits and depressions. Such a surface can be poured with a special mixture and allowed to harden, leaving for several days. But if the concrete is in very poor condition, then you should completely get rid of the old concrete screed and pour a new surface. And only when it is completely dry, it will be possible to lay the parquet board.
Wooden
In order to prepare a wooden floor for laying a parquet board, it is necessary to carefully check it. After all, it can have dips, cracks, large differences between the floorboards. Such a floor should be well leveled. First you need to putty all the cracks and then sand the wooden base. If the floorboards strongly creak and stagger, then they can be attached to the logs with self-tapping screws. But if they have completely become unusable, then it is better to disassemble the floor and replace the unusable boards with new ones.
Which underlay is best?
There are many options for flooring underlays. Before making a choice, you need to find out why it is needed and which is better, as well as what is its compatibility with different types parquet.
It should be noted that for a parquet board or for a wooden floor installed on logs, soft substrates. For example, cork or made of polyethylene foam. Such substrates are very relevant, because they are easy to install and have a low price. In addition, they have good thermal insulation, especially in combination with aluminum foil, and great resistance to moisture. But they can quickly sag and succumb to the influence of sunlight.
Styrofoam backing suitable for any floor, both for wood and for linoleum and parquet. It is distinguished by its thermal insulation properties, environmental friendliness, does not deteriorate from water and time, keeps its shape and is not affected by insects and other pests.
The polystyrene foam substrate is convenient to lay and it has a fairly affordable price.
Another variety is coniferous substrate, which appeared on the construction market not so long ago. Its main advantage is environmental friendliness. Although it is made from natural ingredients, it is water resistant. Its structure allows to increase sound insulation, while smoothing out the imperfections of the surface on which the flooring will be laid. It also allows you to create a suitable microclimate under the floor. Its thickness varies from 2 to 5 mm, which is perfect for apartments and houses. The disadvantage of such substrates is the occurrence of various fungi and mold under them, as well as the high cost.
Cork backing well suited for parquet boards. It masks unevenness and cracks well, has high sound insulation. The parquet board will not creak and deform when walking.
Such a substrate is divided into several varieties:
- The technical substrate is not susceptible to moisture.
- Bitumen-cork is the most durable, as it contains a mixture of various rocks.
- Rubber-cork backing is able to retain heat and moisture.
But the cork substrate has its drawbacks. Under heavy furniture or where there is a lot of traffic, the underlay can become flat. It is undesirable to use it in a room with a warm electric floor, since the thermal conductivity of the cork substrate is very low.
In rooms with high humidity, a substrate containing rubber is suitable. Its cost is quite high in comparison with non-environmental substrates.
Laying plywood under the parquet board is very relevant for those surfaces where there are a lot of irregularities. Plywood has good thermal insulation and keeps the floor temperature at the same level, it also has high soundproofing properties. But it does not have good resistance to moisture, so the room should be dry.
Also suitable for this type of coating is a substrate made of MDVP. It is made only from natural materials, so it is environmentally friendly, keeps heat well and does not transmit sound, is resistant to water and chemical solvents and has a long service life. Unlike cork underlay, it can be used with underfloor heating.
Another type of substrate is duplex substrate from a polyethylene film and a layer of expanded polystyrene granules between them. Perfectly fits under the parquet board. With its structure, the duplex removes condensate that can accumulate under the floor covering, which contributes to its longer service life. Can be used with underfloor heating.
The absence of negative qualities makes it the most demanded in the construction market. At the same time, it has a lower price than that of substrates made from natural materials.
Adhesive backing also often used when laying parquet boards. It is also called elastilon. This material has a porous structure and an adhesive layer with protective film on one side. This allows you to firmly fix the parquet boards. It has good thermal insulation and sound insulation, durability, can correct unevenness on the floor surface.
Step-by-step instruction
First, prepare the base and remove the old flooring. To level the surface, use special mixtures, if necessary. The concrete screed must be primed. Irregularities in the draft wooden floor should be well sanded.
After graduation preparatory work it is necessary to put a substrate that will protect the coating from squeaks, moisture and deformation.
Since the parquet board must undergo acclimatization, the sealed coating must be kept indoors for a couple of days. Recommended before starting repair work turn on the underfloor heating system for 14 days, then turn it off a few hours before laying. This procedure will help create a favorable climate in the room and avoid heat damage to the finish.
Since the tree is natural material, then deviations in its color and texture are likely. You can make a creative drawing from the boards by opening several packages in advance and “trying on” the boards. The length of the boards can also be short and start from 40 cm. Lamellas with a length of 1 m or more are suitable for the middle of the room.
You can put them different ways, but the most popular is the herringbone layout, which creates the effect of different textures.
The next step is to measure the width and length of the room, and plan the installation work. To lay the parquet flooring as evenly as possible, first create a drawing of the future laying on the layout. The dimensions of the final row should not exceed more than 6 cm. In this case, a proportional displacement of the first one is necessary.
Laying using "floating" technology should be carried out according to certain rules. It is made from the longest wall in the room. Expansion wedges are placed diagonally. It is recommended to do this after the assembly of several rows is completed: the finished flooring is shifted with a bracket, and spacers are installed in the formed joints.
It is necessary to start the assembly by cutting with cutters at the first row of planks of the protruding part of the lock, then install the boards and start assembling along the end edge. The edge tiles can also be trimmed if necessary. Subsequent rows are made up of the remains of the previous ones. For a parquet board with a classic lock joint, end fasteners are initially combined, then a tile joint is made along the length with an indispensable knocking out with a shock block.
It is worth saying that it is much easier to work with locking joints. Their docking should occur, if necessary, transversely or longitudinally. For certain types volumetric lock additional adjustment of the plastic insert is not needed. It is enough to accurately fix the plates together. The last row of boards must be carefully sized using scraps, then assembled by locks and inserted into the gap between the wall and the last row. The parquet board should be fixed with a special metal bracket.
If the edge of the bar rests against a pipe or other similar barrier, then draw a line on it where you need to cut off the part and drill a hole with a certain margin of about 15 mm. The board is put in place and the cut is treated with a special solution, then the cut part is attached with glue. Then, after assembly, it is necessary to remove the wedges, connect the “warm floor” system and gradually increasing the temperature, install a decorative plinth and thresholds in the doors. Another important point is that the formation of gaps in the openings between rooms is a mandatory requirement of manufacturers.
When installing a parquet board with an adhesive method, the scheme of work does not coincide with other methods. On a pre-prepared base, apply an adhesive solution and spread evenly with a special tool or spatula. The boards in the first row will need to remove the edge. To make the flooring according to the correct technology, you need to knock it out with a mounting bar and load something heavy on it to better fix the boards. In the same way, the installation or replacement of parquet boards to the base with carnations is carried out. The joint of a tile or laminate must be treated with a special sealant.
Tools and materials
In order to lay the parquet board on the screed, you will need special tools. Usually, when buying this coating, a kit with tools comes with it. You also need to have polyurethane adhesive or sealant, a backing, mounting wedges, a hacksaw, an electric jigsaw, metal staples, a pencil, a tape measure, and a primer. If the question arises of what to cut, then a jigsaw or a circular saw will do.
Of the professional construction tools, you may need a puncher. In order to do the job well, you will need tools designed for long-term operation and heavy loads. Otherwise, a cheap device will quickly fail. For an electric jigsaw, purchase additional saws. And for the puncher, you will have to buy additional drills so that nothing distracts you from work.
These tools are suitable for laying parquet boards with skirting boards. But if there are difficulties in installation, for example, when bypassing pipes, you will need additional tools such as drill, mounting foot.
Parquet board is a traditional material used for flooring. It has many advantages: reliability, durability, noble appearance. But many novice masters do not undertake to mount this type of coating on their own. They just don't know how to lay parquet board. Because there is an opinion that for this you need to have certain knowledge and skills.
The structure of the parquet board.
In fact, this work is not much different from the installation of other floor coverings. If you correctly plan the upcoming work, know the secrets and rules of laying, then even an inexperienced person will cope with the task. All you need is a little effort and minimal woodworking experience.
Preparatory stage of work
Many experts disagree on how to lay a parquet board. The most controversial issue is the use of a substrate under the coating. At the moment, there are 4 most common ways to form parquet:
Options for laying parquet boards.
- Flooring by the so-called "floating" method.
- Mounting on the base (logs).
- Laying the board on a plywood base.
- Installation on a rough wooden floor.
Thus, there are no clear rules on how to lay a parquet board. You can mount the cover on any surface. The main thing is that it be even and there are no significant height differences on it. Tolerance should not exceed 2 mm per 1 m running. Therefore, if your wooden floor meets these requirements, then the parquet board can be laid directly on it.
At the same time, it should be borne in mind that parquet is laid on a solid base, having previously lined the mounting surface with a soft substrate. It will also help to comment on some of the irregularities of the base. If the installation takes place on an initially soft coating, such as linoleum, then there is no need for such a substrate.
Technology of parquet laying.
But if the floor in the room is uneven and old, then it is necessary to use sufficiently thick plywood or chipboard. In this case, you can not dismantle the old wooden coating. The plates will also serve as an additional fastening frame. This method will help strengthen the entire floor structure.
Masters do not recommend mounting a parquet board on a concrete screed, even if it is thoroughly dried. As a rule, the flooring laid on the rough base deforms over time and “leads” it. In addition, concrete easily condenses moisture on its surface, and the parquet board "does not like" it.
The surface of the floor must be cleaned of dust and dirt. And this must be done very carefully. Only then can you get a perfectly smooth and reliable parquet. And first, the dust is collected using a sufficiently powerful vacuum cleaner, then wet cleaning is carried out. And after the surface is completely dry, the floor is primed. It is necessary to prime the base at least 2 times, allowing each previous layer to dry completely.
Tools needed for styling
Whatever installation method you choose, you will definitely need the following tools:
Laying parquet on the subfloor.
- a special finishing bar (it can be replaced with a pruning of softwood timber);
- finishing crutch (you can buy it in specialized stores or make it yourself);
- heavy wooden mallet;
- spacers (small wooden wedges with a sting thickness of 0.5-1 cm);
- electric jigsaw or hacksaw for working with wood;
- hammer.
Before laying the parquet board, do not forget to prepare measuring tools. You will need a building level, a square and a centimeter tape measure (with millimeter divisions). Without this inventory, you will not be able to properly form the cover.
Foamed polyethylene can be used as a substrate. Such a material with one foil side will serve not only as a soundproofing, but also as an insulating coating. The cork substrate has higher rates, but it is much more expensive. If you are going to lay a parquet board on a concrete base, then you also need to take care of the vapor barrier. This will increase the reliability of the flooring and allow it to last much longer.
Do not forget that the mounted parquet board must be puttied and varnished. Accordingly, you will need materials for this type of work.
If you properly lay a parquet board, then it will serve you for decades. But for this you need to know the little tricks of experienced craftsmen:
Stages of laying parquet.
- Be sure to store the purchased board in the room where you are going to use it. It should rest at room temperature. Then it "will not lead" during operation.
- Buy only quality material. A parquet board is not something that you can save on during repairs. As a rule, poor quality parquet becomes unusable very quickly. And competent installation will not be able to correct this shortcoming.
- Lay the parquet board parallel to the window. Then the natural light in the room will make the seams almost invisible.
- Place of connection of floor coverings different kind can be closed with a decorative threshold. It comes in tone-on-tone with the floorboard or in a contrasting color.
- If you are going to change the floor covering in different rooms at home and plan to join the parquet board with floor tiles, it is wiser to lay the parquet first, and then take on the finishing of the kitchen or corridor. A layer of tile adhesive is much easier to control. And this will give you the opportunity to align both coatings in height.
If you follow these simple rules, then as a result you will get a high-quality, durable and reliable coating.
Laying parquet board
Scheme of parquet connection.
Installation of a parquet board is usually carried out by a floating method. That is, the dies are connected by a tenon-groove method. This allows the floor to change its area depending on the temperature and humidity in the room. In addition, if necessary, you can always replace the section of the coating that has become unusable.
Calculate how many whole boards you will need. Determine the size of the trimmings that will have to be added to the laid out row. Laying is wiser to start with them. Some of these pieces will be hidden under the plinth, so they will not spoil the appearance of the coating.
There must be a gap between the wall and the floor covering, 1.5-3 cm wide.
It is necessary so that the parquet board can expand.
Installation starts from the wall. In order to keep the gap constant, you need to use wooden wedges. Next to them, according to preliminary markings, the first board is put up. Each subsequent die is joined next to the previous one, knocking them together with a plank and a hammer.
The next row must be laid so that the seams are in a run. That is, they must move relative to each other. Boards can be simply planted or glued in the grooves. This will help form a much more reliable coating. After the floor covering is fully formed, the gaps near the wall must be covered with a floor plinth.
Finishing the floor
In modern stores, parquet boards are sold with and without varnish. If you purchased option 2, then after installing the coating it must be sanded and cycled. In this way, you will remove the top layer of wood along with dirt and damage that may have occurred during transportation and storage.
This work requires specialized equipment, which not only reduces the time required for surface treatment, but also regulates the thickness of the layer to be removed. To perform this task, you can attract specialists or rent the necessary equipment. It makes more sense to use a grinder. belt type. The result of her work is considered optimal.
The coating must be puttied, removing small cracks and chips. To do this, use specialized mixtures. Experts advise adding to them the dust formed during grinding.
