There are supporters and there are opponents of the version of casting stone blocks. Many facts cannot be explained by mechanical processing of rocks, blanks, except for the formation of a liquid or pasty mass, including solid types of stone, crystalline, like granite, basalt. Add fuel to the fire or shift the weight towards the cast technology version.
Previous articles on this topic:
Granite casting. Here are examples from Egypt:
The conjugation of blocks along the vertical is curvilinear. This cannot be achieved by machining. And what are those strange recesses of material on the blocks? More like traces of poorly installed formwork. In principle, accuracy was not needed here.
Basalt. Influxes on the faces of the block. It looks like they've been torn down.
Row of basalt cubes with influxes
What is the point of processing basalt in such a way and leaving such a “visor”?
It seems that the plastic mass was held by flat shields with props. But their area was less than the area of the resulting block
Pairing Blocks Vertically
Horizontally and vertically curvilinear mate
Like dough escaping from a pan.
Here, something was pressed down on top
Granite cladding of the Pyramid of Menkaure
How can you mechanically fit granite blocks of this size?
The edges of the masonry are not completely flattened over the entire area
Here the granite flakes off
I believe that the outer facing (surviving) of the Giza pyramid is block-filled
Facing of the Pyramid of Giza
Concrete granite and basalt floor in Giza
How did these stones get into the granite mass? What will the skeptics say?
Another option is that basalt blocks were laid on a plastic base mass
There are doubts that this is not a block-filled mass? Or skeptics will rest against the fact that such a lower curved surface can be ground to the unevenness of the base?
What kind of grasshoppers are building something?
Although, there are many questions about the basalt floor, and most likely it is made through the mechanical processing of blocks. More about this
But let's continue the topic:
Comparison of rocks under a microscope
***
But how to explain all this from the point of view of casting? In light of many factors that are visible in the photographs, some adhere to the opinion of granite casting. But granite is not concrete, there is no binder and filler. There is one filler (crystals of minerals), which are arranged like puzzles - fitted to each other without voids. Those. it is a polycrystalline. If we take into account that there was a technology that made it possible to knead a granite-like mortar with a filler and a binder, which also turned into a crystalline structure for a short time, then this opens up a huge scope for using this technology. But how to crystallize the binder? In nature, this occurs under pressure and at high temperature.
For those who misunderstood. The binder in concrete is cement. After reaction with water, it polymerizes into a single monolith. But depending on the chemical formula in it, it has different strength and abrasion resistance. To save cement and to make concrete more resistant to abrasion, a filler (sand, ASG, granite chips, etc.) is added to the cement.
And granite is a rock where each crystalline grain of sand is connected to another in a single puzzle. No voids. Quartz in granite has greater strength than cement and fills the rock as a binder in concrete. But quartz is a crystal, not a cement bond polymer.
Those. in order to say with confidence that there was liquid (or plastic) granite, it is necessary to solve the issue of crystallization, petrification. Or softening granite. And it's not at all clear.
But traces, applicants for casting technology can be viewed further:
Now columns can only be made from segments. Plant PetroMramor
Turkey. Peace. Columns. At the base of the granite columns there is a hole with rust from a metal part.
Baalbek. Inside - concrete (crushed stone on the solution)
Cyprus. Inside the stones in the solution
Joint between sandstone blocks. How could they make grains of sand?
Kazan Cathedral. Venetian plaster under granite
A separate topic is poking in blocks, and even more so in granite and other rocks:
After what I saw in the photographs, I no longer have any doubts that many granite massifs in ancient buildings (in particular, throughout Egypt) are casting or molding masses (mixed or softened). Yes, fantastic. But I see no other logic in this.
***
Thanks to readers who in the comments showed a well-forgotten technology that they tried to introduce on an industrial scale in the USSR:
Silicalcite is made from 90% sand of almost any natural quality and 10% lime. The main method of cardinally increasing the physical and mechanical properties of autoclave-hardened silicalite products is undoubtedly the fine grinding of lime and sand by the method of free high-loaded impact using a special grinder - disintegrator:
HORS series disintegrator
Disintegrator basket with chopping fingers.
Using this technology, in the early 1950s, a pilot plant began operating in the city of Tallinn, producing over 35,000 cubic meters. the most diverse range of products, ranging from cellular wall blocks, load-bearing floor panels to tiles and sewer pipes. As a result, from lime and plain sand this factory began to produce products of brand M3000 in mass production, and up to M5000 in pilot production. (And this is half a century ago! Today, M600 grade concrete is considered almost the pinnacle of applied concrete science).
Silicalcite in all construction and technical indicators is of better quality than concrete. In silicalite, sand and lime particles are combined in much the same way as soda and sand particles in glass. It is impossible to separate them from one another by conventional research methods. In concrete, grains of sand and gravel practically do not take part in the formation of the internal structure of an artificial stone, they are simply glued together with cement.
Does this texture of granite remind you? There, too, particles of feldspar with quartz particles are firmly bonded like a polycrystal.
Details about silicalcite can be read
There were such thoughts as they made masses of artificial stone, and even granite:
They took a mixture of sand and lime crushed into powder (nanopowder) and rammed it with granite chips or the same sand. Next, they were heated in ovens. There is an opinion on silicalcite that it is not even necessary to heat it, it will gain the necessary strength over the years, extracting carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and becoming more and more stone. Maybe it was this technology that was used to build buildings in Egypt, St. Petersburg?
And now they know how to cast Granite and marble, and easily. Look around!
And then only in this way it was possible to solve this problem technologically and a granite column - the highest in the World was cast on Palace Square - the Largest Monolithic Column in the World - the Alexandria Pillar.
And now they are casting balls on the Neva and vases at the Moscow railway station
It is very pleasant to realize that what I have been explaining for five years is gradually reaching everyone!
Here is a repost: the person also realized that it was all cast ... and if the mnenics match, it will soon be like the truth. but how to prove it all - that is the question.
I just know it.
Monolithic steps of the Monument to Nicholas I. This monument could not be dismantled and left.
Writes koparev (koparev) http://koparev.livejournal.com/232491.html
2016-05-24 23:59:00
People in the Middle Ages successfully produced artificial granite and marble, or Megaliths.
The sculpture of this girl is in the Vorontsov Palace (Southern coast of Crimea). What technology was used to create this sculpture? Is it really made from a single piece of marble? How did you manage to get curls on her head? 
Here is a column in Palmyra. It is larger than the columns of St. Isaac's Cathedral. How did the ancients create this miracle? 
Here is the base of this column. How did the sandstone core end up inside the granite column? Is it possible that there were rocks on the site of the quarry? Sandstone, it would seem, is covered with granite, like plaster, which has been carefully polished after it hardened ... Is it possible to make a material like granite soft? 
Is this sculpture created with a chisel and a hammer? This sculpture was CAST. 
Do you believe that the Sphinx was carved from a single rock? Then why is his head darker than his body? Was it cast from concrete mortar?
Of course, it is cast from geopolymer concrete. Several centuries ago, our ancestors already knew what concrete mortar was. Moreover, in the days of "Antiquity" they could create artificial granite and marble.
The fact that in the Middle Ages (and even in "Antiquity") artificial granite and marble could be successfully obtained was written in G. Brodersen's book "Handbook" and A. Iovsky's work "On the Importance of Chemical Research". It is very important to remember that artificial granite is NOT DIFFERENT FROM NATURAL GRANITE. The same can be said about marble. No geochemist, having carried out chemical research, will distinguish artificial marble from natural, since they have the SAME COMPONENTS.
Artificial granite was obtained in Antiquity as follows:
From 42. book. G. Brodersen. Directory.
Artificial marble according to Ostermeyer was obtained in this way:
S. 42. book. G. Brodersen.
S. 41. book. G. Brodersen.
Download book. Brodersen G. G. Handicraft Handbook. Recipes. M., Verb, 1992. - Reprint ed. Brodersen G. Handbook. - M., GI, 1932. : https://yadi.sk/i/XEg0GnAjrwm7d
Download the book by Iovskiy A. On the importance of chemical research. M., AN, 1832. - S. 9.
https://yadi.sk/i/NINR5kZarxojo 
Moreover, silt from the bottom of the sea was used as a building material, which, as a result of a natural disaster, was splashed onto the coast. It has a high content of silica and calcium oxides. Over time, solidifying, this silt, like a concrete solution, TURNED INTO GRANITE. From such a "solution", the caves of Barabar were created.
The seam between the layers of the "solution" is visible.
You can see the crumbling and flaking of the "concrete" at the top of the structure. The builders left traces of some kind of mechanism.
http://s.fishki.net/upload/post/201505/16/1534238/15.jpg
From myself, I note that the walls of Petropavlovka and kilometers of round curbs on the Neva and, in general, granite embankments on the Neva are naturally cast from Granite. as a designer then going. I saw in the picture even blast furnaces at Petropavlovka. And in Ruskol there is a factory for the smelting of marble sculptures. You will not say that they were made by hand in every museum of the World
And why now all the streets are dressed in natural granite, I'll never know ... 
Probably just sawing the budget, Or do they really not know??
Then this post is for them!
There are supporters and there are opponents of the version of casting stone blocks. Many facts cannot be explained by mechanical processing of rocks, blanks, except for the formation of a liquid or pasty mass, including solid types of stone, crystalline, like granite, basalt. Add fuel to the fire or shift the weight towards the cast technology version.
Previous articles on this topic:
Granite casting. Here are examples from Egypt:
The conjugation of blocks along the vertical is curvilinear. This cannot be achieved by machining. And what are those strange recesses of material on the blocks? More like traces of poorly installed formwork. In principle, accuracy was not needed here.
Basalt. Influxes on the faces of the block. It looks like they've been torn down.
Row of basalt cubes with influxes
What is the point of processing basalt in such a way and leaving such a “visor”?
It seems that the plastic mass was held by flat shields with props. But their area was less than the area of the resulting block
Pairing Blocks Vertically
Horizontally and vertically curvilinear mate
Like dough escaping from a pan.
Here, something was pressed down on top
Granite cladding of the Pyramid of Menkaure
How can you mechanically fit granite blocks of this size?
The edges of the masonry are not completely flattened over the entire area
Here the granite flakes off
I believe that the outer facing (surviving) of the Giza pyramid is block-filled
Facing of the Pyramid of Giza
Concrete granite and basalt floor in Giza
How did these stones get into the granite mass? What will the skeptics say?
Another option is that basalt blocks were laid on a plastic base mass
There are doubts that this is not a block-filled mass? Or skeptics will rest against the fact that such a lower curved surface can be ground to the unevenness of the base?
What kind of grasshoppers are building something?
Although, there are many questions about the basalt floor, and most likely it is made through the mechanical processing of blocks. More about this
But let's continue the topic:
Comparison of rocks under a microscope
***
But how to explain all this from the point of view of casting? In light of many factors that are visible in the photographs, some adhere to the opinion of granite casting. But granite is not concrete, there is no binder and filler. There is one filler (crystals of minerals), which are arranged like puzzles - fitted to each other without voids. Those. it is a polycrystalline. If we take into account that there was a technology that made it possible to knead a granite-like mortar with a filler and a binder, which also turned into a crystalline structure for a short time, then this opens up a huge scope for using this technology. But how to crystallize the binder? In nature, this occurs under pressure and at high temperature.
For those who misunderstood. The binder in concrete is cement. After reaction with water, it polymerizes into a single monolith. But depending on the chemical formula in it, it has different strength and abrasion resistance. To save cement and to give concrete greater resistance to abrasion, a filler (sand, ASG, granite chips, etc.) is added to the cement.
And granite is a rock where each crystalline grain of sand is connected to another in a single puzzle. No voids. Quartz in granite has greater strength than cement and fills the rock as a binder in concrete. But quartz is a crystal, not a cement bond polymer.
Those. in order to say with confidence that there was liquid (or plastic) granite, it is necessary to solve the issue of crystallization, petrification. Or softening granite. And it's not at all clear.
But traces, applicants for casting technology can be viewed further:
Now columns can only be made from segments. Plant PetroMramor
Turkey. Peace. Columns. At the base of the granite columns there is a hole with rust from a metal part.
Baalbek. Inside - concrete (crushed stone on the solution)
Cyprus. Inside the stones in the solution
Joint between sandstone blocks. How could they make grains of sand?
Kazan Cathedral. Venetian stucco under granite
A separate topic is poking in blocks, and even more so in granite and other rocks:
After what I saw in the photographs, I no longer have any doubts that many granite massifs in ancient buildings (in particular, throughout Egypt) are casting or molding masses (mixed or softened). Yes, fantastic. But I see no other logic in this.
***
Thanks to readers who in the comments showed a well-forgotten technology that they tried to introduce on an industrial scale in the USSR:
Silicalcite is made from 90% sand of almost any natural quality and 10% lime. The main method of cardinally increasing the physical and mechanical properties of autoclave-hardened silicalite products is undoubtedly the fine grinding of lime and sand by the method of free high-loaded impact using a special grinder - disintegrator:
HORS series disintegrator
Disintegrator basket with chopping fingers.
Using this technology, in the early 1950s, a pilot plant began operating in the city of Tallinn, producing over 35,000 cubic meters. the widest range of products, ranging from cellular wall blocks, load-bearing floor panels to tiles and sewer pipes. As a result, from lime and simple sand, this factory began to produce products with the M3000 brand in mass production, and up to M5000 in pilot production. (And this is half a century ago! Today, M600 grade concrete is considered almost the pinnacle of applied concrete science).
Silicalcite in all construction and technical indicators is of better quality than concrete. In silicalite, sand and lime particles are combined in much the same way as soda and sand particles in glass. It is impossible to separate them from one another by conventional research methods. In concrete, grains of sand and gravel practically do not take part in the formation of the internal structure of an artificial stone, they are simply glued together with cement.
Doesn't this remind you of the structure of granite? There, too, particles of feldspar with quartz particles are firmly bonded like a polycrystal.
Details about silicalcite can be read
Interesting comment pavell743 in repost:
Feldspar consists in chemical analysis consists of oxides of sodium (potassium) aluminum oxide, and silicon oxide. The pH of spar is close to 9-10. This is an alkaline structure. The structure consists of 4 oxides. sodium oxide, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide and hydrogen oxide (water). We have a classic hydro sodium aluminosilicate.
If you look at modern Portland cement, it replaces potassium with calcium. And the first of the brothers responsible for strength is tri-calcium aluminosilicate. When hydrated, it forms a water-insoluble crystal. PH of concrete 12-14.
What happens to concrete when you add caustic sodium or potassium to it?
And the following will happen. The pH will shift to 14. And the formation reaction will begin, following the example of feldspar. (Sodium, silicon, aluminum and water).
Now let's look at the chemical composition of simple ash from coal or firewood.
Silicon approximately 30%, aluminum up to 50%, calcium 2-10%, potassium and sodium up to 1-2%.
Doesn't it remind you of anything? The composition is almost ready feldspar. Only in the ash the particles are melted and they are round under the microscope.
With the joint grinding of ash and sodium hydroxide in a ratio of 1/10, a dry reaction begins by activating silicon and aluminum with sodium. When water is added, hydrolysis occurs and the pH tends to 16, causing the formation of sodium hydrosilicon aluminates.
The temperature for firing and obtaining clinker is not needed. Grinding and activation is needed as at the final stage of obtaining Portland cement.
This is called alkaline concrete.
Well, a video about industrial production geopolymer cement in Chelyabinsk:
Look at the tankodrome from the 70s of the last century.
Read Glukhovsky's books. And you will understand that you can get an almost transparent astringent.
Regarding silitcalcite, there is one minus that activation is needed and that the pH is constantly shifted to the alkaline side, the stronger the better. It is difficult to obtain a long-lasting alkaline pH on lime; for this reason, silite-calcite requires autoclaving and sand activation (knocking down the husk from the quartz grain).
In the modern construction industry, there are many ways to obtain stone. This and the technology of rigid concrete is when the water-cement ratio is low and the strength is high, but the mixture is difficult to fit. And with a large w / c ratio of the code, we fill it like sour cream.
Lots of technologies. There are self-compacting and self-compacting mixtures. It is difficult to movable with small cone shrinkage. But when vibrating current.
The problem of modern cement is that it is just a glue and it does not react with the aggregate, while for alkaline binders the aggregate reacts forming a spatially rigid structure with a constant growth of bonds, until all potassium or sodium with water.
The strength of slag mixed with water without binders lies in the range of 20-30 kg/cm squared. In the presence of only 1% of the active alkaline part. Yes, and that carbonized one. When heated or fired, the carbon dioxide part leaves and we get clinker, if it is ground and mixed, we get a binder.
If we add just caustic sodium to the ashes, we will also get an astringent.
Alkali binds quartz and clay. basis of ceramics.
Acid fluffs clay, alkali knits.
basis of ceramics.
Alkaline concrete recrystallizes during calcination and heat-resistant systems are obtained. Since there is almost no free water, caustic lye devours it, then there are no problems with vapor and gas breaks in the structure.
***
There were such thoughts as they made masses of artificial stone, and even granite:
They took a mixture of sand and lime crushed into powder (nanopowder) and rammed it with granite chips or the same sand. Next, they were heated in ovens. There is an opinion on silicalcite that it is not even necessary to heat it, it will gain the necessary strength over the years, extracting carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and becoming more and more stone. Maybe it was this technology that was used to build buildings in Egypt, St. Petersburg?
Marble is considered one of the most attractive materials in terms of aesthetic and technical performance. However, the use of this stone is accompanied by difficulties in processing and transportation. And this is not to mention the high cost of a natural mineral. Actually, the same situation is observed with a number of other rocks, including granite. To get rid of such shortcomings, the technology for the production of artificial analogues allows. In particular, cast marble is more affordable price and allows you to get the desired shape of the final product even at the manufacturing stage. It can be an interior item, purely decorative element garden decoration or panels for cladding. Of course, in the case of composite materials, there is no need to talk about complete similarity with the natural prototype, but the imitation justifies itself in terms of the main characteristics.
What is cast marble?
This is a material that is created on a polymer basis with the inclusion of fillers. The production technology itself implies ample opportunities for changing the aesthetic properties of this stone. Compared to natural marble, the composite analogue makes it possible to use any color shades without being limited by the size of the product. It should also be noted the difference from the classical technology for the production of artificial stones. Unlike materials created using cement, cast marble involves the use of polymers as a binder additive. It is thanks to this technological feature that high operational properties. Among them are noted: solidity, moisture resistance, optimal thermal conductivity, etc.
Manufacturing technology
Despite providing a wide range of positive qualities, the manufacturing process of marble is quite simple. For this purpose, enterprises use special matrix forms, which contain a pre-prepared raw material base. The formation of the final product takes place by casting - the container is filled with a mixture with filler and additives, which subsequently hardens. At the same time, there are several methods by which cast marble is produced. Technology in standard scheme involves the use of polyester resins. Due to the introduction of this component, the output is a product that can be used in the design of a home environment. It is by this technology that details and full-fledged interior objects are produced. In practice, the operation feature cast marble felt even with a normal touch - the material gives off heat. This quality distinguishes the stone from natural marble and granite.
Forms for products
Much as an implementation technological process depends on the equipment used, the main element of which is the mentioned form, that is, the matrix. There is ready-made equipment on the market, but in most cases, manufacturers purchase matrices by special order. The fact is that the molds for cast marble determine what the final product will be. Therefore, we are not talking about the standards for the execution of such equipment - each manufacturer strives to make its products unique, therefore, matrix sketches are developed as author's ones with unique sizes and textures. Another thing is that in each case high requirements to the mold material. A composite material is usually used, similar in characteristics to plastic, but, of course, much stronger and more durable.
Raw materials for cast marble
In addition to the form, such products also differ in composition. The standard set of components includes the addition of filler, polyester resin and gelcoat. The basis is the filler, which, by the way, is the most affordable component of the raw material set. Usually this component of the mixture is stone or concrete waste. As for the gelcoat, it belongs to specialized additives. Thanks to this element, high strength and moisture resistance are achieved - properties that high-quality cast marble possesses. The production of the material also involves the introduction of polyester resins. This is an important component, due to which the product acquires the durability of the structure and optimal viscosity. 
Products based on cast marble
The flexibility of the manufacturing process allows you to diversify the shapes and sizes of the resulting products. For this feature, the material is appreciated by lovers of original design solutions. Experts identify three main areas in which manufacturers of these products work. The first group includes materials intended for cladding: tiles, facade panels, stone boards, etc. The second group is represented by products made of cast marble in the form of interior accessories and furniture. These can be countertops, flowerpots, candlesticks, kitchen surfaces and other objects. but the greatest interest true connoisseurs of cast marble call for products that decorate staircase structures. Manufacturers form entire series in which you can find steps, handrails, balustrades and other accessories.
Features of industrial cast marble
This type of artificial marble is also called polymer concrete. Its peculiarity lies in the absence of decorative qualities and the increased properties of vibration and chemical resistance. These characteristics determined the scope of the material. It is usually used in structures that require protection from physical influences. In particular, cast marble for industrial use is used in the manufacture of platforms for machine tools and equipment, containers for chemical compositions, breakwaters, drainage structures, etc. It must be said that in terms of durability and impact resistance, this material significantly exceeds traditional concrete structures.
Manufacturers
Domestic enterprises are still only mastering this technology, relying on the experience of foreign companies. However, on the market you can find quite good-quality products. The high level of technical and operational indicators of their products is demonstrated by such manufacturers of cast marble as Sanola, Avstrom and Decorlit. Also, a rich assortment is offered by the Royal Cream Stone company, which has its own enterprises in Kazakhstan and Europe. A feature of the proposals from these manufacturers is the possibility of cooperation on individual orders, which allows you to acquire unique in shape and texture products made of cast marble.
It is also worth noting that the production of marble using casting technology is also available to private craftsmen. The purchase of raw materials is the minimum share of the total cost of the product. According to some calculations, standard sizes the countertop has a cost of 500-600 rubles. Of course, for its manufacture, in addition to raw materials, special equipment in the form of the same matrix will be required. Therefore, one should count on such an enterprise only in the case of regular use of technology.
Many questions arise when examining the majestic temples and cathedrals of St. Petersburg. Lots of information and thoughts. The bust of Montferrand, the decoration of St. Isaac's Cathedral, its columns, the Kazan Cathedral and its columns, the Alexandria pillar, the Babolovskaya bath, the Kolyvan vase, Atlantes and many other incredible evidence of stone work. All this unites the period 1800-1850. And all this skill in stone processing also suddenly disappeared as it appeared.
But was it the vaunted Russian skill in working with stone? My friend threw me a couple of links with keywords, thanks to which a whole layer of history was opened, which for some reason is hidden from the Russian Internet. Those. the information is not secret and is quite understandable, but it is avoided in every possible way with us. After some study of the facts and comparison with the existing thoughts, I finally formed an opinion - and how they made all that granite, including the steps from the Petrovsky Dock, which I thought about almost all the time after the trip.
First, I will repeat those, mostly other people's thoughts (with which I agree). They have been dazzling on the Internet for many years, and I have selected only a small part that will allow you to visually develop the idea.
Bust of Montferrand
According to historians, it was created by Foletti Anton Yegorovich in 1850. from the debris of the remains of the construction of St. Isaac's Cathedral, namely: "hewed out of white Carrara marble, hair - from gray bardillio marble, uniform - from gray granite, uniform collar - from slate, cloak - from Shoksha raspberry quartzite, sash - from green marble, and orders - from yellow Siena marble and crimson quartzite. The pedestal of the bust was pink Tivdia marble."
Foletti Yegorovich, yes ... I personally have a dissonance with just one last name. Moreover, such a talented artist and top-class master (based on how the bust was made), and such a "no" biography, read for yourself:
"A student of the Imperial Academy of Arts, he studied in it under the guidance of Professor Vitali and received awards for his work: 2nd silver medal - September 27, 1849 for the bust of the architect Montferrand (former at the academic exhibition of 1849 in plaster casting, and in 1850, already made of multi-colored marbles); 1st silver medal - December 23, 1852 for modeling from life (a bust of Professor Vitali, located at the Academy of Arts), and 2nd gold - September 24, 1853 for executed according to program a statue in the growth of "resting Adonis", after which he was erected on September 28. 1859 to the rank of artist of the 14th class. mater. for history. Imp. Acad. Hood." Petrov, vol. III, and Yundolov's "Index" to him.
Did you know that Yandex knows only a little more than 60 mentions for the entire Runet? Or maybe there was no Foletti, well, which Yegorych? But all this is unimportant, the important thing is - how does it all hold together, since such a heterogeneous material was used? Glue hasn't been invented yet. So then how is it done? I'm interested in listening to the tour guide.
And now we are accelerating and remembering what has been noted repeatedly:
Atlanta The Hermitage have incredible detail and workmanship, also polished granite (1840). And somewhere in the same place in the comments there were photos of how Atlanta is now cracking
Alexandrian column (1834). There are questions about how such a heavy column was generally able to be delivered to the installation site (not to mention the very moment of installation)
St. Isaac's Cathedral with its columns (Built in 1818-1858) from http://sibved.livejournal.com/185868.ht ml - photo from here
All inconsistencies with the official history are described in great detail on such resources as kramola.info, sibved.livejournal.com, kadykchanskiy.livejournal.com. Yes, a lot of places. Information wagon and small cart. I have no purpose to copy here all the calculations that have already been made by many before me.
And the casket just opened.
