The only problem that sail-type wind generators solve is low wind speed. Thanks to its special design, the sail wind generator reacts even to the slightest breath of wind, starting from a speed of 1 m / s. Naturally, this unique feature only has a positive effect on the productivity and high efficiency of these wind turbines.

The blade generator has a significant drawback - it requires a moderately strong or strong wind for efficient operation. For the generators of the sail structure, it does not matter now either the place where it is installed or the height. These undeniable advantages make it possible to generate electricity almost anywhere in the world.

Advantages:

• the minimum allowable wind speed is 0.5 m/s;
• instant response to air flow;
• light blades of the sailing device, which lightens the overall weight of the structure;
• reducing the risk of damage due to the passage of wind load on the sail wind generator;
• high maintainability during operation;
• accessibility to the material, unlike composite plastic;
• the ability to build the entire structure with your own hands;
• variety of designs (vertical, horizontal);
• no radio interference during operation;
• complete safety for humans and the environment;
• ease of installation, compactness;
• the ability to provide electricity to the whole house and the appliances that are in it.

There is only one drawback - the loss of advantage in very strong winds.

How to choose

Today there is huge selection among wind generators of sail type. The type, power, weight of the structure - all this affects the operation and the generated electricity, which means that these parameters must be taken into account when choosing.

Installation of the windmill "Vetrolov"

It is equally important to be able to understand three components:

1. Rotor. The diameter of the rotor affects the performance, and it in turn depends on the speed of rotation and the dimensions of the entire rotor.
2. The weight of the total and individual parts. Huge weight is not needed, but it is necessary that the entire installation has rigidity for greater stability.
3. Blades. The blades must have certain aerodynamic characteristics, as well as be reliably made, since it is they who experience the greatest load.

Installation location

Sailing wind turbines have one indisputable plus - they can be installed in almost any more or less accessible place. However, it would still be better to make sure that the site is as far away from large objects as possible. Buildings, trees - all this not only hinders the flow of air masses, but creates unnecessary turbulence in this case. Turbulence from foreign objects can be avoided by placing the entire structure on a pre-built tower. Its height should be higher near the located building.

The laws of aerodynamics are such that using half the power of the wind, you can get only 1/8 of its energy. And vice versa - by catching the maximum possible flow, you can get eight times more energy. One should also take into account one very important nuance- View from the side of the law.

The legislation of most countries provides for fines with the subsequent seizure of a windmill of any type (including an air generator) if its capacity exceeds the norm. The rate may vary by country and region. Therefore, it is better to study the law in order not to get into an absurd situation - to incur installation costs, and then also in the form of punishment from the state.

What are the varieties

1. Savonius type. Two or more semi-cylinders rotate around an axis. Advantage: constant rotation, independent of wind direction. Disadvantage: low efficiency.
2. orthogonal type. The blades are parallel to the axis and are at some distance from it. Benefit: Greater efficiency. Disadvantage: generated noise during operation.
3. Daria type. Two or more flat arc-shaped bands. Advantage: low noise, low cost. Disadvantage: Requires a start system to get started.
4. Helicoid type. Several (usually three) blades are distant from the axis and have an inclination. Advantage: the design is more durable. Disadvantage: high cost.
5. Multi-bladed type. Two rows of blades around an axis. Advantage: very high performance. Disadvantage: noise during operation.

Most importantly, power

If you decide to make a sail-type wind farm, you need to at least approximately calculate how much power it will provide. There is a universal formula that allows you to do this:

Power (kW) = air density (kg/m3) * blade area radius (m2) * wind speed (m/s) * 3.14

The principle of operation of the windmill

We take into account:

1. The density of air changes as the temperature rises and falls. For example, in summer the air density is approximately 1.1 kg/m3, and in winter 1.2-1.4 kg/m3.
2. Wind speed is a variable.
3. Increasing the radius of the blade proportionally increases the power.

A purchased station or a do-it-yourself one - in any case, this is a savings in the future. Modern world has long switched to, now it's our turn.

This section presents various designs sail wind turbines. Sailing wind turbines, although they do not have a high utilization rate of wind energy, in other words, efficiency, they have good torque at low wind speeds, which, in combination with a large-diameter wind wheel, allows squeezing good power out of the generator through the multiplier.

Often such wind generators are used for heating or lifting water directly with a mechanical transmission directly to the pump. As a rule, such wind turbines are not built small and the normal diameter of the wind wheel starts from 5 meters. Here, the low KIEV is compensated by the large propeller area, and the low revolutions are converted by the multiplier into those necessary for the operation of the generator.

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Project history Sailing windmill part 1

Project history Sailing windmill part 2

It all started with the construction of a working model of a sailing wind generator in order to study and understand how it all works, and then the wind generator began to be embodied in metal, the first blades were sewn from sheets.

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Sailing windmill - "Vodokachka" for lifting water

Sailing wind generator for lifting water. The design is as simple as possible, the pump for lifting water is completely self-made, membrane type. The windmill is made as simple as possible, so to speak, to check the performance of a wind pump, it roams about 10 liters in a wind of 6m / s in 15 minutes.

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Sailing wind generator with your own hands.

Do-it-yourself wind generator, sailing wind generator in photographs. A small photo report on how the windmill was made and mounted, there are no special data. It is known that the maximum power at a load on the lamps reached 4 kWh. While the wind generator is charging a 155Ah 12V battery.

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Sailing wind generator 4kv.

A small photo report and description of the creation of a sail-type wind generator for charging batteries. The windhead is assembled from a multiplier and two 24 volt car generators. The drive from the multiplier shaft is belt, for each generator separately. The diameter of the windmill is 5 meters, the sails are made of banner fabric.

A rather interesting design was chosen by the author of this wind generator. This is a sailing wind generator with a truss-type mast and a power of up to 4 kW per hour.

Materials and parts used in the construction of this wind turbine:
1) details from the bridge and rims
2) profile pipe
3) winch
4) DC motor on brushes and magnets, 1971 release

Let us consider in more detail the design of this wind generator.

Under the base of the mast, the author dug a hole and filled it with concrete. Mortgages are made in concrete for screwing the mast onto bolts. Thanks to such a thorough approach to fastening, there will be confidence in the reliability of the mast in any winds.

Then the author proceeded to manufacture the rotary axis of the wind generator. The axle was made from parts from the bridge and rims. The total weight of the structure turned out to be about 150 kilograms.

To lift and install parts on an already installed wind turbine mast, the author used a simple winch.
Thus was first raised swivel design, and then the generator itself.

At the same time, he worked on the design of the wind turbine.

Then sails were put on the frame of the wind wheel.

After that, the installation of the wind wheel on the generator mast began. The lifting was carried out using the same winch. After that, the wind wheel was installed in its place and secured with bolts.

In this form, the wind generator has already started to work and gave out the necessary energy to charge the batteries.

In this picture you can see wiring diagram ballast regulator.

The charging and power take-off controller was also made.

And the wind wheel itself was equipped with stronger sails.

The author built this wind generator as an experiment. As a result, this experimental sample proved to be excellent. At the end of these upgrades, the wind generator was used complete with a 12 volt 155A battery. The design was supplemented with a standard 12 \ 220 volt inverter, thanks to which the author could use a TV, laptop and other household electrical appliances from wind turbine energy. In the future, the author plans to make a converter, a Tesla coil for transmitting energy without wires, that is, to continue experimenting.

Dedicated to those who like to discuss KIEV!!!

In domestic aerodynamics, considering (sometimes) the issues of wind energy utilization, the definition is absolutely unreasonably introduced by cunning (that's right) entrepreneurs - KIEV wind energy utilization coefficient ...

This conventional unit (for the model of flat winds) is designed to replace the usual efficiency. This "indicator" is drawn into the theory of weak flows by the ears (by analogy and method - the Carnot cycle)

The mathematically correct logic of thermodynamic processes is designed to describe cycles that have a finite (base) potential of available energy and allows you to determine the following: if you have a heat engine with a capacity of 100 hp. (with an efficiency of 30%), then actually useful work accounts for only 30 hp. Otherwise: these 30% are the full (100%) - available (actually available) power for this design.

For thermal engines, there is no better toolkit yet.

Otherwise, everything is in practical aerodynamics. To determine the pressure difference (above the wing and under the wing), the amount of motion is used, which is defined as the speed of the object when moving in the air, or (the movement of the air in which the object is located). Therefore, the statement long postulated by Mr. Bernoulli, about the dependence of pressure on speed, is appropriate here, which means that ultimately the aerodynamic K - depends on the pressure difference - that is why the object moves from the area of ​​​​high pressure to the area of ​​\u200b\u200blow pressure. Let's look at atlas (any) of aircraft airfoils, and pay attention to the flow velocity around the airfoil at which the pressure drop is maximum. They (velocities) all, without exception, lie in an area located much HIGHER than the speed of the available daily wind (3m / s).

Is it possible to use this method in a sane range of winds (flow velocities) without real blowing results? It turns out that it is “possible” - having a flat wind model in service, “theorists” of various ranks prove that bladed wind turbines more fully utilize the energy of small winds. Will the “blade” rotate at all in light winds? Of course not, as there is no reason to even think on the use of blades in the CIS as alternative sources energy utilizing weak streams - it is known from practice that the blades do not work on everyday CIS winds, they never worked and will not work. To do this, you must forcibly rotate the bladed wind wheel, or ... wait for the Almighty to send a strong wind

Sailboats operate - in the entire range of winds.

Designers of (powerful) bladed high-speed wind turbines make good use of winds. Starting from a speed of 10m/sec. - the butt (wide) part of the blade - moves the blade (like a sail), and in the presence of a strong wind, the end profiles (reaching high speeds) use the already high flow velocities that have already appeared. Quite reasonable. Quite practical. Exactly on high speeds flow around and it is necessary to profile and "twist" (in span) the blade. That's just the available power - (energy of the air flow) coming to the ENTIRE swept area is distributed as follows: the central part of the impeller is the engine, and the peripheral part is the energy converter of (already high) wind speeds into torque on the generator shaft.

Double conversion of available energy - allows excellent use of wind energy from 10-12 meters per second (at the same time solving the problem of high-speed generators). The task of a sailing wind wheel is to use all the available power coming to the swept area. Since useful work can only be produced by real forces (generated when a pressure difference is triggered, then “debriefing” must be done with tools familiar (???) for aerostatics than for aerodynamics.

Agree, a telegraph pole standing under the pressure of the wind does the work. Work - by REJECTION of the flow coming to it. The energy for this work is supplied by the same wind. If this pillar is sawn, the work will be done in an OBVIOUS way, the pillar will simply fall. If the sail is pulled on two poles (and filed), EXPLICITLY MORE work will be done. If these pillars are fixed on the SHAFT of the reducer, work will already be done both on the deviation of the air flow and on the rotation of the shaft. And if you also optimize the design approximately as the sail wind wheel is made (top left) - you will have a wind turbine for small winds.

But back to the "analyzes" of sailing wind wheels (wandering on the Internet). The mathematical apparatus deserves attention, but the common misfortune of armchair theorists is the distortion of the physical picture of the process. Indeed, applying to our reasoning quite correct (2.1.1) - for a fixed plate, and making a short digression into the annals of general aerodynamics together with the author, already in (2.1.4) we get the exact price - for ... firewood.

The fact is that the plate (sail) does not “run away”, as it were, i.e. - it moves (with the flow) along the flow - but quite realistically is in the flow, and moreover, it deflects the flow beyond the limits of the wind wheel, shifting in a plane perpendicular to the axis wind turbine rotation.

Otherwise, unlucky opponents are not too lazy to consider JUST a sail raised on a boat that sails under the influence of the wind in the direction where it blows.
There is clearly expressed love for N.E. Zhukovsky, with his article that was never accepted in practical aerodynamics
“Windmills of the NEZH type. Article 3".

A sail-type wind wheel generally has a different flow pattern. It's called CONIC. And the wind wheel as a whole is an annular endless slotted wing of which 95 years ago (at the time of writing the article) did not exist even in a sick imagination. This is now the joint work of the slat with the wing - it is well described for high flow velocities and is understandable. But there is no serious work on ultra-small air flow around. And it cannot be, because physical quantities such as PRESSURE (before the sail, the wind speed fell, the pressure increased) are also considered in AEROSTATICS. Therefore, marine terminology is more suitable for me, speaking of a tandem STAXEL and GROT.

It was the yachtsmen who were the first to practically appreciate what the cabinets encrypted - KIEV (I have nothing against the "blades" - these machines worked and will work in strong winds (regardless of the cues) - for the benefit of man.

The figures above show a sailing wind wheel and, - "propeller". As you can see, the diameters of the swept areas are equal. But the working bodies - differ not only in design. They differ primarily - in size, and hence the working area. In the theory of screws, it is voiced - the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe working bodies. And the ratio of the swept area to the total area of ​​​​the working bodies is called the fill factor of the screw. If it’s much easier to explain, then the “propeller” superimposed on the swept area (mentally) will cover approximately only 10 percent of the entire swept area. A sailing wind wheel in similar conditions will cover almost the entire swept area. Need comments?

If we consider the pattern of the flow around a bladed wind turbine in a specific (any) AZIMUTAL position, then we can easily guess that an elementary stream of air passing BETWEEN the blades DOES NOT PERFORM even useless work. A trickle passes through a sieve ... With a sailing wind wheel, such a number (sorry) will not work - coming to the swept area, an elementary trickle of air stumbles (may the experts forgive me) on SAIL. Then everything is simple - it deviates by 90 degrees (if you hold the wheel) and goes out (to the periphery) - OUTSIDE the swept area (accelerating). turn will transfer USEFUL energy to the generator shaft. And if we completely abandon pseudo-scientific analysis and turn to practice, then - at the training ground one often sees such a picture, a sailing wind turbine of a wind turbine 10.380 (cx) with a wind of 5 m / s. can't keep a whole group of students from spinning.

A paddle windmill should not be held in such a wind. Because it doesn't spin at all. But back to our opponents. In all kinds of opuses, we find that “... if the plate is stationary, then the useful power is zero. If the plate moves at the speed of the wind, then it does not experience pressure and the power is also zero ... "- This, of course, is from a great mind. According to the authors, a boat moving in the wind with a raised sail is an unrealistic picture due to its uselessness. Anchored, but with a raised sail, it seems to be a real picture, but the useful power is again equal to zero.

A naive fallacy lies in a complete misunderstanding of how a sail works. The fact is that the sail does work both when it moves and when it stands, resisting the wind. In the latter case, ALL the power of the incoming flow is converted into the work of the sail by deflecting the air flow coming to the swept area. It takes a little - to direct this work in a useful direction (anchor, - or remove the windmill from the brake). The blade, installed on the boat instead of a sail, will require a very strong wind for these purposes. The same is true for a bladed windmill. But the sail moves the boat (turns the generator) even in small winds. In bigger winds, it simply produces MORE. useful work. To be convinced of this, it is enough to strengthen a BLADED wind wheel on a boat and a sail wind wheel on another boat, the results of the "experiment" are clear ... In the "scientific works" of opponents it often sounds "... That is, to achieve maximum KIEV, the speed of the plate should three times less than the wind speed." - I leave it without comment, as it is clear - the sail reacts to ANY wind and creates the necessary pressure drop. Everything else is from the evil one.

Consider a small (upper rightmost) “cinema”: here is a working sample of a sailing windmill from the Baltics, created specifically to test the capabilities of a sailing windmill. The designer did not acquire the drawings, he used the PPP method (floor, finger, ceiling) and intuition, but it’s still worth talking about the efficiency of this wind turbine. It is higher than that of a blade (of the same diameter), in the entire RANGE of winds, starting from 0.5 m.sec. These are the conclusions comparative analysis crafted by the craftsman. But we are interested in all the delights of a sailing wind wheel, which can be tracked on this specimen.

It is clear that the approach of the wind (to the swept area) is carried out from the back side. The sails are filled with the wind in our direction, and slightly at an angle. For a specialist, it is clear that the wind, slowing down in front of the wheel and having done the work, is released through a slot (the rear unsupported edge of the sail). Agree, through these slots, already exhausted air leaves (supported by newly arriving portions of air). More scientifically, Mr. Bernoulli described this by postulating the following: when As the flow rate decreases, the pressure increases. As a result, we have an increased pressure on the WIND side of the wind wheel and a DISCHARGEMENT on the lee side. It is the actuation of the energy of this pressure difference that quantifies the operation of the windmill. A bladed wind wheel never dreamed of such a thing ... Remember - between the blades the wind freely penetrates to the opposite side of the wind wheel - EQUALIZING pressure. Is that bad.

If there is no pressure difference (difference), then what kind of WORK can we talk about at all? Consequently, the main disadvantage of a bladed wind turbine (for small winds): the area outlined by the ends of the blades (swept) is used to the utmost POOR. This statement can only be refuted by a fool. Argument: if the opposing subject is forcibly forced to jump out of a flying plane by offering a choice (instead of a parachute) of a paddle and sail wind wheel, I bet - the unfortunate person will INTUITIVELY choose a sail rescue vehicle.

By the way, the serial MD-20 hang glider with a “turntable” (instead of the standard wing) successfully completed the season in aerial chemical works, showing excellent results - with a wind of 5 m.sec, the takeoff run with a standard 100 liter chemical tank was 20 (!) Meters, rate of climb - 4m. Let's return to our cinema. Since the windmill was raised above the ground by only 1.5 m. The turbulent surface layer of air (see in which quadrant of the swept area the “flaterite” trailing edge) fills the sail no matter. But raised above the ground (checked!) To a height of ONE diameter - the sail wind wheel is fully included in the work. And then - even more interesting: leaving working area the exhaust air (supported from behind), getting into the conical socket, accelerates again (remember the pressure from the windward side). We note an important thing - the acceleration vector is directed TANGENTIALLY to the wind wheel. If we recall the law of conservation of momentum, then half of the energy of the kinetic movement of air (we are talking about the second, additional acceleration) goes - again to the same sailing wheel. For the gap is nothing more than a conventional jet nozzle that creates a propulsive force.

The increase in the reactive component, at 10m.sec. is equal to 40 percent of all wind energy coming to the swept area. It is no longer necessary to talk about the fact that the starting moment is more than the working moment (the blades are resting). For especially militant opponents, I will try to explain the essence of the difference between a sail and a blade on the basis of molecular-kinetic theory, without resorting to a mathematical apparatus. Experts often write (it's a shame what exactly - experts) citing the following argument: (concrete) energy.

The nature of the origin of the "argument" is simple. In the well-known formula of kinetic energy, density and velocity (relative to what?) are substituted squared. Then all this pleasure is divided into 2. But sawing firewood is still better with a saw than a planer ... I recommend referring to the process of DEVELOPING this formula. In order for the body to move (fly, run ...) it is necessary to give the same amount of energy to the body with which, what moves (flies and jumps) INTERACTED to obtain the required amount of movement. That is why there is NO fractional line in the potential energy formula. And in the kinetic - there is.

In the case of a wind wheel (of any type), we work with the full energy of the flow in the same way that it was not WE who set the air flow (wind) in motion. And back. Considering the wing of the aircraft (helicopter propeller), we must be guided only by KINETIC energy (divided by 2) since WE ourselves make the body (aircraft) move in the air and not vice versa. And the entire supply of energy must be carried with you in the form of fuel. Otherwise it just won't fly.

The fact is that the wind energy generated as a result of gravitational interactions is for ordinary citizens 100 percent (full energy) that the blade must remove from a given (specific) area. Required. But, - it cannot physically - the dimensions of the blade are incomparable with the cross-sectional area of ​​the jet. Considering the air flow (in the light of the MKT), we find that the wind is a directed (ordered) flow of air molecules. Each molecule carries energy (it doesn't matter who gave it energy - it is important how to remove it correctly) - and we suddenly put a blade in its path.

Having ricocheted, the molecule gave up part of the energy and, having rounded the obstacle, briefly changed the direction of its own movement (turbulized the flow) and, picked up by its neighbors, carried away further, taking away its momentum - and hence the energy. Reference: any change in the direction of motion of a material point by ANOTHER subject of the physical world is an ENERGY EXCHANGE process. The angle of change in the direction of movement of the molecule determines the Amount of energy transferred to the second body. Stopping a molecule by an obstacle completely means 100 percent transfer of energy to the obstacle.

By slowing down, or rather by deflecting more molecules, we get more energy. Guess which of the two wind turbines under consideration will slow down more molecules? Right. But the "blades" (if they are forced) to rotate will collect (reject) these same molecules. And the greater the angular velocity of rotation of the blade, the more molecules they will collide with (remove energy), and at high speeds, aerodynamics will also be connected ...

The sail wheel does not need to be rotated at all for these purposes. It immediately contacts with all molecules coming to the area swept by it. And receiving energy from many molecules at the same time, it simply spins along with the gearbox shaft.

Are all the benefits of a sail wheel presented here? Of course not. I will open one more "secret". A sailing wind wheel does not scatter elementary streams of air in different directions, but carefully collects them in its flexible cones (working bodies), and releases them through jet slots outside the swept area. And wherever a trickle of air hits - to the edge of the sail or to the center, it will be stopped, redirected, accelerated again (by suitable jets - pressure) and released through the jet gap, giving up all the initial energy and half (now exactly kinetic) energy received during acceleration time in the "chute" of the cone.

This is already a theory built on a VOLUME model of air. Where did this second kinetic energy for acceleration come from? Well, if the wind has not been canceled - from the pressure created by elementary streams of air arriving at the swept area.

Well, they are like that - trickles.

Vladimir from Taganrog

Impact on the RAO UES of Russia-MicroHPP and sailing windmills Without energy, no activity of each individual and of humanity as a whole is possible. In fact, any human activity is an economic activity, since the economy is the process of exchanging portions of energy between people or their informational reflections in the form of the so-called cost, because the cost is information about the energy spent on the production of goods or services. Over the past 30-35 years, energy consumption in the world has doubled every 10 years, which confirms that scientific, technical and economic development is, first of all, energy development.

There will be an increase in energy - there will be an increase in GDP, the lack of energy is reflected in the so-called financial and economic crises. People try to find the cause of such crises in everything, but only a small number of economists and politicians understand the role of energy in the economic and financial upheavals of the last 20 years. Those who do not understand the role of energy decide economic problems the destruction of the "extra" population in military conflicts. The one who understands a lot about energy solves economic problems through scientific and technological development, an important integral part which is the development of the energy complex. Read completely

On the picture:Low-speed sailing windmill manufactured by CJSC "Yurtek", TAganrog.

Sailing windmills have two design options: with a vertical and horizontal axis of rotation of the wind wheel. Even though sailboats don't look very attractive compared to today's bladed wind turbines, they can generate electricity in light winds. It is enough to move air at a speed of 3-4 m / s for a sail wind generator to generate power, while a bladed wind generator stands motionless under such conditions.

The sail-type wind generator is the heir of the ancient Cretan wind wheel, various variations of which continue to be used in many countries, such as windmills. If we compare the blades of classic mills with sailing ones, we can see that sailing blades are much easier to manufacture and operate, as well as to repair, which is important. So, the sail, unlike the classic blade, instantly adjusts to the direction and strength of the wind. This makes it possible for the sailing windmill to work both in conditions of low winds and during storms.

In the design of a sailing wind generator has many positive qualities. These designs differ from bladed wind systems in absolute environmental friendliness, low cost, the ability to use the energy of weak winds, and vibrations, sound disturbances and other negative phenomena of traditional wind turbines are not observed here.

What does a sailing windmill look like? you should be clear from the photos. Without going into the wilds of aerodynamics, we can say that a sailing windmill is one of the simplest, but at the same time one of the most inefficient windmills in existence. KIEV of a sailing windmill cannot be higher than 20% even theoretically. This means that you will receive only 1/5 of the power of the wind flow that hits the blades of a sail windmill. For example, if the wind blows at a speed of 5 m / s, and your windmill is 5 meters in diameter, then the power of the wind flow will be approx. 1500 watts. You can really take off only 300 watts from a windmill (at best). And this is from a five-meter structure!

Fortunately, only a low KIEV (wind energy utilization factor) disadvantages of a sailing windmill are limited. Then there are the merit.

Sailing windmill is the slowest windmill. Its speed rarely approaches 2, and is usually in the range of 1 to 1.5. And all because of its monstrous aerodynamics.

On the other hand, a sailing windmill is one of the most sensitive windmills. It works from the very bottom of the wind speed range, starting literally from calm, from 1-2 meters per second. And this is an important factor in the conditions of central Russia, where the wind rarely exceeds 3-5 meters per second. Here, where faster windmills mostly beat the buckets, a sail windmill will at least give out something. Although, as you probably know, Russia is not famous for windmills, this is not the seaside Holland and the winds do not indulge us. But there were many watermills.

Another advantage of a sailing windmill is the amazing simplicity of its design. The shaft of the windmill, on bearings, of course, on the shaft - the hub. "Masts" are attached to the hub, usually from 8 to 24. And from the masts depart oblique sails of durable thin matter, usually synthetic. The other part of the sail is fastened with sheets, which act both as a sail angle regulator and as a storm protection. Those. the most primitive sailing equipment, simpler than on the simplest yacht.

It is this simplicity of design that does not allow sending a sailing windmill to the archive of the technical achievements of mankind. For a portable, transportable, camping, emergency version, a sailing windmill is a fairly decent design. When assembled, it is a package no larger than a tent. The sails are folded, the masts are folded. Even a 2-meter sailing windmill in a wind of 5 meters / sec will give the right 25-40 watts of energy, which is more than enough to charge batteries and communication and navigation equipment, and enough for a simple lighting system with powerful LEDs.

The low, by definition, power of a sailing windmill suggests the use of a stepper motor of similar power (30-40 watts) as a generator. He also does not need high speeds, 200-300 per minute is enough. Which is perfectly consistent with the speed of the windmill. After all, with a speed of 1.5, it will give out these 200 revolutions already with a wind of 4-5 meters per second. Using a ready-made stepper motor, you thereby save yourself from quite a serious hassle for the manufacture of an electric generator. Since the presence of a gearbox or multiplier is initially implied, it is easy to coordinate the speed of the sailing windmill and the generator.

If you make a variant with rigid (plastic sails), then it will be possible to slightly increase the speed, though at the expense of some decrease in mobility. When disassembled, the windmill will take up more space.

Therefore, if your ambitions to harness wind to your cart are limited to a power of a couple of tens of watts for charging small and medium-sized batteries (up to 100 Ah), organizing simple lighting using an inverter up to 220 volts and energy-saving lamps, then a sailing windmill is very, very worthy option. It will be, though not the most efficient in terms of the use of wind energy, but a very budgetary and quickly payback option. A 2-3 meter windmill will give you up to 1 kW of energy per day.

As a camping windmill, a sailing windmill will be cheaper than the cheapest gasoline generator and will pay for itself initially.

Stationary sailing windmills are initially built large precisely because of their low KIEV. At least 5-6 meters in diameter, otherwise there is no point. Such a windmill will already consistently produce up to 2-3 kW of energy per day. And with its prudent use, they can be turned into 3-5 kW of lighting energy (for example, for lighting a greenhouse or greenhouse). And when using a heat pump - 5-6 kW of thermal energy, which will allow heating a small garden house at 20-30 sq. meters and seriously save fuel.

Sailing windmills - powerful power plants designed for heating dwellings and outbuildings. The photo shows a typical sailing windmill for a rural resident of the Far North. The windmill is made - in a handicraft way according to our technical documentation and our online design support.

Many and very many entrepreneurs are increasingly turning to design bureaus for help in supplying their enterprises with energy. Below is just about one such entrepreneur:

Wind-powered plant launched in Magnitogorsk

Sailing generator extracts electricity from the air

While the Ministry of Energy is puzzling over how to stop the growth of electricity tariffs, an entrepreneur from Magnitogorsk, Ravil Akhmetzyanov, independently solved the energy problem. He developed an autonomous source of electrical energy for his enterprise.

The mast with a wind wheel on top is visible from afar. Not everyone will be able to recognize a powerful wind generator in this structure. Because of the triangular green bologna sails, it looks more like a giant weather vane.

Akhmetzyanov's enterprise manufactures metal tags for MMK. The workshop works around the clock and consumes electricity for 20-30 thousand rubles. monthly. “Why throw money away when you can make the wind work for you?” - Akhmetzyanov sensibly reasoned and set to work ..
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Many craftsmen acquire drawings or consult at the Forum and reproduce Sailboats of Vladimir from Taganrog - quite wisely:

The power of this wind generator is rated at 4 kW / h, it works to charge batteries 24 (28) volts. The basis of the wind generator is two automobile generators, two generators from MAZ 4001-3771-53 were used here. Wind wheel with a diameter of 5 meters, 6 spokes from a pipe with a diameter of 48 mm, sails are made of banner fabric.

Torque is transmitted from the wind wheel through a multiplier with a gear ratio of 1:45. On the output shaft there is a double pulley for belt transmission of torque to the generators, for two flat belts of the 6P standard with a diameter of 135mm. The generators themselves are fixed below the multiplier shaft one after the other with a shift. It also provides the possibility of tensioning the belts as in a car. The entire windhead is covered from above with a casing from precipitation (rain and snow).

All elements of the wind head are assembled on a pipe with a diameter of 210 * 9mm, 1.2m long. The mast for this wind turbine was made collapsible so that it could be quickly disassembled and packed for transportation. Stretching from steel galvanized cables with a diameter of 6 mm. The height of the mast is 9.5 m, guy wires are installed at two points along the height of the mast, at 5 m and at 7 m. Pipes for the mast were used galvanized with a diameter of 160mm and a wall thickness of 4mm. From generators without slip rings, there is a four-wire wire of the PVS 4 * 4mm brand. There is no twisting of the wires. After six months of operation, there were no problems with twisting. Read completely

Sailing wind turbines - a new generation

Sailboats of Vladimir from Taganrog of the last generation.
The photo shows a two-kilowatt herryachok supplying electricity to the cottage and garage.

DIYers - skillful hands and bright heads!

Sailing wind generator - "Vodokachka" for lifting water

Homemade wind generator sail type, made to pump water. Below in the photo general form wind turbine designs. The blades-sails are sewn from canvas fabric. The design is very simple, the hub is made on the brake disc. Eight tubes with an inner diameter of 30 mm are welded to fasten the spokes of the wind wheel. The tubes are cut from a water pipe. The inner diameter of 30mm just fit under the wooden handles that are sold in stores for hoes and rakes, those that are thinner. The thread pulling the sail is made so that when a hurricane wind breaks it and the sails become flags, so to speak, protecting the windmill from a strong wind.