The coffee tree is the passion of many home gardeners, lovers of a hot aromatic drink. The taste of coffee brewed from the fruits of a home-grown tree cannot be compared with most purchased varieties. To show off the result of your labors, grow a coffee tree with your own hands and get fruits, you will have to try at least 3 years. And how disappointing it is when the leaves of the coffee tree, in the development of which so much effort has been invested, begin to lose their color, brown spots appear on them, a dry edge. The leaves begin to curl, dry out and gradually fall off.
DIY coffee tree. There are spots on the leaves.
The most common adverse factors that can occur when growing coffee at home, as a rule, affect the health of the leaves. The main difficulty lies in the fact that it is quite problematic to quickly localize them simultaneously. The solution to one problem provokes the emergence of another. Consider the main violations of the care of coffee seedlings and their consequences.
The leaves of the coffee tree are falling.
Falling leaves can provoke a variety of factors that are typical for most indoor plants. But I especially want to highlight one that should not be forgotten when resuscitating a sick tree.
Coffee is essentially a tree. And like any tree in nature, it is not characterized by a change in the direction of the light source. Therefore, even a slight turn of 30-40 ° relative to the axis can provoke massive leaf fall. That is why the coffee tree does not tolerate transportation, transplantation, or simply rearrangement in the apartment. This feature must always be taken into account.
Leaves change color and fall off.
The following reasons that can also cause leaf fall are traditional: drafts and hypothermia. In this case, the leaves may turn yellow, brown, blacken. It all depends on the degree of hypothermia and the time of exposure to an adverse factor. But the result is the same: the plant will quickly lose part of the foliage.
But due to the above described features of the coffee tree, it is desirable to protect it from these adverse factors on the spot. Provide additional heating and eliminate the causes of drafts with insulation and sealing materials. Check the absence of cold drafts from the window, window cracks, etc.
The leaves turn yellow.
The leaves of the coffee tree lose their rich color and evenly turn yellow. Coffee likes to have a lot of light. Ideally, bright diffused lighting, but not direct sunlight. The weak color of the leaves with pronounced yellowness may be the result of a lack of lighting.
Most often, these problems occur in winter time of the year. It is necessary to organize additional illumination of the plant.
The leaf becomes yellow with pronounced green streaks.
This is the effect of a catastrophic lack of iron and trace elements, the so-called chlorosis. As a result - a violation of the formation of chlorophyll in the leaf plate, a decrease in the activity of photosynthesis.
Other signs of chlorosis are twisting of the leaf plate, a general decrease in the size of the leaves and drying of the apical shoots.
If the causes of chlorosis are not eliminated, the disease will continue to develop and lead to a complete loss of foliage.
One of the preventions of the appearance of chlorosis is the acidification of carbonate soils. It is imperative to fertilize the plant with iron chelate.
Rolling leaves on coffee.
Dry indoor air will cause the leaves of the coffee tree to dry out and curl. When the leaves dry, a brown border appears on them, not to be confused with brown spots. If you notice the first signs that the leaves at the edges have begun to dry and curl, then urgent measures must be taken to increase humidity. The easiest way is the obligatory daily spraying of the foliage. How else to provide the plants with the necessary humidity, read here.
Leaves dry at the edges.
Drying of the leaf edge of a plant can also signal problems with the root system. Occur most often when drying out, excessive watering or an overdose of fertilizers.
In summer, at abnormally hot temperatures, you want to give the tree a good drink, but the opposite effect may occur. In the heat, the moisture in the soil warms up, the roots are steamed and cease to function. Compensate for the lack of moisture in the heat with additional spraying.
Brown spots on the leaves of the coffee tree.
Perhaps the main ailment that prevents you from growing a full-fledged coffee tree with your own hands is brown spots on the leaves. Very often, this phenomenon is associated precisely with the transplantation or transshipment of the plant. This exotic plant loves slightly acidic soils pH = 5.5 - 6.5, which is often forgotten by many, even experienced flower growers. It is the insufficient acidity of the substrate that most often leads to the appearance of brown spots on the leaves of the plant.
If you are preparing the soil for indoor plants yourself, then exclude wood ash and other elements that have alkaline properties from the composition of the substrate.
The acidity of the soil is gradually washed away even with normal watering, especially if hard water is used. Therefore, for irrigation it is necessary to use filtered, well-settled water in open containers. Periodically, when watering, it adds elements that increase the acidity of the soil.
Red spots on a green leaf.
Red spots on the leaves of the coffee tree are the result of a sunburn. If the tree is under direct sunlight, then the leaf is gradually dehydrated, becomes lethargic and gradually dries out. To save a tree, many flower growers begin to spray it abundantly right under the scorching sun, which causes even more damage to the leaf plate.
The drops formed on the leaf play the role of natural lenses. The sun's rays, repeatedly amplified, directly burn through the surface of the foliage of the coffee tree. Red spots form on the leaves.
Advice. As I have already noted, the coffee tree does not tolerate moving and changing lighting, but sometimes this measure, in the conditions of growing an exotic plant in an apartment, is simply necessary. So the best option for winter, a warm and humid kitchen can become, and in summer, moving to a balcony.
As you can see, often the same consequences can cause a variety of adverse factors. It is necessary to experiment carefully, gradually changing the conditions of care and carefully looking at the reaction of the coffee bush, guided by the signs described above. The principle, today I will put it on the balcony to dry it, and tomorrow I will transfer it back, is absolutely unacceptable for a coffee tree.
I wish you to grow a coffee tree with your own hands at home!
DIY coffee tree. Spots, turn yellow and leaves fall updated: January 15, 2017 by: Elena
1. At the coffee tree (3 years old), the leaves turned yellow at the same level and the sides are all brown. The leaves dry up at the ends, then turn yellow and fall off;
Answer: Most likely, insufficient air humidity, but there may also be a problem with the roots. If there is a lot of peat in the ground, then I advise you to transplant it. Peat holds moisture very strongly, and in appearance it seems that the earth is completely dry, although inside the water can stand upright ...
2. The edges of the lower leaves began to dry out. It stands on the windowsill, it’s very light, but there is no direct sun, I don’t water it much and spray it regularly, every day. But why do the lower leaves dry?
Answer: Old leaves should dry out, and the rest may be from drafts, or from irregular watering. The lower leaves, indeed, turn yellow and fall off over time (especially if the tree is already large) - in my opinion, just from old age, because the leaves also have a limited lifespan. If only the lower leaves turn yellow and fall off, then nothing can be done about it, this is in the order of things. But if the rest, too, then you need to look for what the problem is.
3. Bought a nice coffee tree two years ago, transplanted, stands on the sunny side, but not under direct rays. After a while, his leaves began to dry out and fly around. This happens even in winter, when the sun does not shine on it at all. Watering and spraying regularly. The top didn't pinch. Grows badly. Please tell me what to do?
Answer: coffee requirements are pretty simple. You need a very bright place, but not direct sunlight. In partial shade, the plant simply will not develop! The problem with the leaves is most likely caused by overlays with watering. This beast is capricious, does not like either overdrying or waterlogging. The soil for it must be selected very carefully, it must be not only acidic, but also moisture-intensive and permeable at the same time. The way out is to use an "empty" peat substrate and constantly feed it with fertilizer without calcium salts. Coffee leaves dry from lack of light and moisture. Just in case, inspect the tree and the ground, preferably under a magnifying glass. Due to pests, it may also not grow.
4. Black spots appeared on the leaves, which then dried up. As a result, my young tree looks very skinned. New and old leaves do not grow at all, but there are buds (they have not changed for a long time). Everything shows that the plant is alive, but unhealthy. no improvement, no deterioration for 2 months.
Answer: about spots. They appear on most trees, especially on the lower leaves. Perhaps this is the result of moving and drafts. Protect your tree from drafts and water-spray with warm water. The leaves do not need to be trimmed, you can carefully trim the speck along the edge of the sheet. My coffee already has large leaves, it branches, but the first small ones are all stained, although this does not harm the plant. And yet - feed it with Emerald, the tree really likes it.
5. A brown border appears on the leaves of the coffee tree (dry up?). I have seen on other coffee trees that this happens often. Why is this happening and how to deal with it?
Answer: Coffee is an unpretentious tree, but it loves moisture (the earth ball should not dry out) and is afraid of drafts. If the brown spots are dry, then the likely cause is lack of water. Spray the leaves with warm water as often as possible. If you have time and desire, wash the whole tree (cover the ground with foil). In addition, coffee loves fresh air. Ventilate the room more often. And yet - and the leaves turn yellow, and blacken from lack of light. Well, it is impossible to create a summer sun at home in winter! You can fight this only by lowering the temperature while moving it to the brightest place. And there may also be potassium starvation (unless you violate the water balance and do not overdo it with a large dose of fertilizer).
6. Growing coffee from seeds.
Answer: If you have purchased coffee seeds, do not hesitate - sow, because. coffee beans quickly lose their germination. Seeds are sown in a bowl with wet sand and put to germinate in a warm place with a soil temperature of 24-26 degrees (it is convenient to germinate any seeds in the refrigerator). The seed germinates in about 30-40 days. Seedlings are transplanted into 7-centimeter pots with equal parts of leafy, soddy, humus soil with a small amount of sand (or into a ready-made mixture for coffee). After planting, the plant is set for 12-14 days in a shaded place, and then the tree will need sun and fresh air . Water abundantly in summer, moderately in winter, feed every 2 months with fertilizer containing horn flour, they say, this contributes to better growth and flowering.
For me, as a person who is fond of breeding indoor plants, the most important thing in choosing the next specimen to replenish my collection is its exoticism. Of course, the plant itself should be beautiful, but not only. It should also arouse interest among others, because it is always nice to be proud of your pet. And if such a plant also bears fruit, then this is just a real hit! And such a plant in my collection is a coffee tree.
We all know that coffee grows in hot countries, and its main varieties have familiar names: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica and Excelsa. But few people have had a chance to see how coffee looks like in wildlife, only if you go on a tour of a coffee plantation. Well, wouldn't it be great to have a whole plantation of coffee on your windowsill? With these thoughts, I went to the nearest flower shop.
At indoor conditions it is absolutely possible to collect up to one kilogram of coffee, but only from already mature trees from six years old.
Arabica coffee tree, or rather, its sprouts, I purchased in large quantities in a network garden store. About 15-20 shoots 7-10 centimeters high grew in a pot. Bad, weak and damaged-looking sprouts were immediately thrown away, and good ones were planted in pots of two or three pieces. The bushes grew quite quickly and after two or three years they turned into beautiful trees that began to bear fruit.
Coffee berries delighted me for several months. They were green at first and then turned red. They ripened for about 6-8 months, and about five grains were harvested from the first harvest. In fact, under room conditions, it is absolutely possible to collect up to one kilogram of coffee, but only from already mature trees from six years old.
Growing a coffee tree at home
Priming
The ground for the coffee tree must be very light, air and water permeable. In principle, the soil that is sold for tropical plants may be suitable, it will just have these characteristics. If you prepare the soil yourself, then you can take a mixture of peat and humus in a 50/50 ratio as a basis. You can also put a few pieces in the pot charcoal, which will relieve the acidification of the earth. Moreover, the pot for planting must be chosen high, since root system goes down.
Fertilizer
The coffee tree grows all year round, therefore, requires regular top dressing, approximately every ten days. Fertilize with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements. As a nitrogen fertilizer, you can use pomace from peat, biohumus, which can be bought in garden stores. As a phosphorus top dressing, you can use a solution of superphosphate. And from the ashes you can get a good potash top dressing.
crown formation
Small coffee seedlings grow only upwards. As it grows, skeletal branches begin to grow, which are closely connected with the trunk. Accordingly, in order for the crown to develop evenly, the tree must be regularly rotated around its axis so that the plant develops evenly.
Coffee tree care
Despite the fact that coffee is a resident of the subtropics, it is not recommended to put a pot under direct sunlight, since in nature coffee grows in partial shade from large trees. The most best windows in the apartment: eastern or western. Because coffee is tropical plant, it is very important temperature regime, especially in winter. The room temperature should not fall below 15°C. At low temperatures, a black border will appear on the leaves, then the leaf turns black and falls off.
Also in winter, I advise you to put a plank or foam plastic under the pot so that the roots of the plant do not freeze. And finally, coffee categorically does not tolerate drafts. In winter, you should be especially careful when ventilating the premises. If cold air hits the plant, the coffee will immediately freeze.
If the tips of the leaves dry on coffee, this is the first sign of dry air. Solution to the problem: you must either increase the humidity in the room - put a humidifier or a container of water under the battery. You can also regularly spray the bush with a spray bottle. It is very useful to wash the foliage at least once a month with warm water in the shower, so that the water does not flood the pot. With such regular care, the leaves will always be shiny and beautiful.
In addition, regular spraying of coffee will protect against spider mite, the most important pest that can appear at home. The first signal of its appearance are bright dots on the leaves - puncture sites, and, of course, small cobwebs.
If the tips of the leaves dry on coffee, this is the first sign of dry air.
You should also be careful when watering. You can not pour the plant, the leaves will become faded and begin to fall off. And don't overdry. Given that the surface of the leaves of the coffee tree is large, moisture evaporates very quickly. As soon as the earth ball dries up, the leaves will instantly fall off. Therefore, it is extremely important to water the plant with a small amount of water almost every day so that the earth always remains moist, but at the same time the water does not stagnate in the pot pan. Water should be watered at room temperature, settled, soft and without lime.
Coffee tree resuscitation experience
My plants survived twice clinical death". The first case occurred when the plant was frozen by opening a window in winter at a temperature of -25 ° C. Only the stalk remained of the coffee then, and the leaves instantly fell off. The second case - in my absence, the plant was watered irregularly, and it withered, dropping leaves again. The recipe for revitalization for such nearly dead plants was regular misting with reduced watering. After a few months, the plants turned green again.
Thus, having provided the plant with comfortable conditions, you can admire not only the dark green foliage, but also harvest real coffee with enviable regularity! By the way, you want to know what I did with my first crop? Of course, I immediately distributed it in pots with earth and now I am waiting for a new harvest. Soon I will have my own little coffee plantation on the windowsill, which will be the talk of the whole office and, hopefully, beyond.
About 40 species of plants of the Rubiaceae family belong to the genus Coffee or Coffee trees. These are evergreen shrubs and trees with shiny leathery leaves up to 5 m high. They bloom with white fragrant flowers collected in a brush, their aroma resembles jasmine. After flowering, bright red berries are formed, which rarely ripen at home.
The most popular species in indoor floriculture is the Arabica Coffee or Arabian Coffee flower. Three quarters of the world's coffee production is produced from this plant. Other types of coffee trees differ in the shape and size of the foliage, as well as the color of the fruit. Among them, the most common are: Congolese, Liberian, narrow-leaved, brushy and high coffee. But as indoor plants, they are practically not found.
How to care for a houseplant Coffee at home
Arabica coffee tree adapts well to the conditions of the apartment. It feels best on windows facing south, southwest or southeast. The air temperature should be between +15 and +20 °C. Light until the age of two years is needed diffused, as direct sunlight delays the development of coffee. Even on plantations, this plant is planted in the shade of other trees.
The coffee tree grows very slowly and only in the spring and summer. Blooms at the age of 3-4 years. To speed up the fruiting period, you can graft a branch from a flowering specimen onto a young seedling, as is done with citrus fruits. They do this during the warm season.
During the period of bud formation, coffee is placed in the most illuminated area in the room, and after the fruit is set, it is removed to its original place. The flower lasts for one day, but then the next one opens next to it, as a result of which flowering can continue from spring to autumn. 
Flowering coffee tree at home
In rare cases, coffee blooms in winter. Turn home plant Arabica coffee is not recommended for uniform fouling at this time. Berries ripen during the year, during this period you can harvest about 1 kg of the crop.
Irrigation and fertilizer. For irrigation use warm settled water. Some flower growers recommend acidifying it a little by adding a few drops. lemon juice. Watering for coffee requires moderate watering. The plant is calm about drying out an earthen coma, but in summer it is advisable to water it as the top layer of soil is poured, and in winter - about once a week. The lack of moisture is immediately noticeable by the loss of turgor by the leaves. In summer, the soil can be mulched in order to better retain water.
Indoor plant Coffee tree loves spraying, it is desirable to produce it in the evening. It would be useful to periodically add leaf fertilizers and growth stimulants to the water:, Zircon.
Coffee has practically no dormant period, so it can be fertilized all year round, about once every 10 days in summer and 20 days in winter. Most of all, this plant needs nitrogen, the best source of which is manure. It can be applied immediately when the coffee tree needs to be transplanted.
coffee tree transplant
Young plants need to be transplanted every year in the spring. From the age of 3 years: every 2-3 years. It is best to use the transshipment method so as not to damage the roots. The new coffee container should be no more than 5 cm wider than the previous one. Too much volume will cause increased growth of the seedling and slow down flowering. In addition, the risk of flooding the plant will increase.
The soil is selected with a slightly acidic reaction (pH about 5). Purchased soil is suitable for azaleas, saintpaulias, hydrangeas. You can also prepare the substrate yourself by mixing one part of sand and soddy soil with two parts of leafy soil. For plants older than 4 years, one part of peat and humus is added to the composition. 
Transplanting a coffee tree at home At the bottom of the pot, you need to put a thick layer of drainage, and on top - a layer. Then new soil is poured so as not to cause a burn of the root system, and a seedling is placed on it. Before transplanting, the roots should be inspected and rotten and dry removed. After that, the soil is poured on the sides and top, it needs to be pressed a little and spilled with settled warm water.
Attention: the root neck must not be deepened! It is better to raise it a few centimeters. With subsequent waterings, the coffee will deepen itself. If, after transplanting, the roots in the upper soil layer are exposed, they can be mulched or topped up with a fresh layer of substrate. After waiting a few days, the surface must be carefully loosened.
Possible diseases of indoor coffee
The houseplant The coffee tree rarely gets sick or damaged by pests, but there are a few common growing problems. They are mainly associated with a lack of trace elements in the soil:
- At nitrogen deficiency the plant develops slowly, new leaves are small, and the lower ones acquire a yellowish tint. With a similar problem, it is recommended to feed coffee with a solution of rotted slurry, which is diluted in a ratio of 1 to 15. It is also useful to spray a solution of urea (1 g per liter of water) over the leaf.
- Phosphorus deficiency reflected in the fruits. They deform and fall off. Leaves can also curl. This is treated by adding superphosphate, which dissolves in hot water.
- When little potassium in the soil, new leaves grow deformed, may become covered with brown spots. You can try to add a solution of ash to the soil (1 tablespoon per liter of water).
Why can Arabica coffee leaves dry?
Another problem is the so-called leaf necrosis, which begins with browning of the edge of the leaf plate. Then the spots spread throughout the leaf, and it falls off.
Possible reasons necrosis:
- Wrong watering. Necrosis can be associated with excessive moisture or prolonged drying of the earthy coma.
- Sudden changes in temperature and drafts: hypothermia, overheating in the sun, or use cold water for watering.
- Nutritional deficiencies, including potassium.
Propagation of the coffee tree
cuttings
For cuttings, a stem with two pairs of leaves is cut off and planted in a loose substrate, for example, a mixture of perlite and peat. It is necessary to disinfect the soil in advance with a pink solution of potassium permanganate. The cuttings are treated with stimulants and planted to a depth of 2 cm so that the leaf petioles below are under the ground. From above, the container is covered with a bag, making small holes in it, and put in a place inaccessible to direct sunlight. The temperature for rooting needs at least +25 ° C, but not higher than +30 ° C. Remove the package when the cuttings begin to grow.
Seed propagation
The coffee tree can be grown from seed. The soil for this is taken the same as for transplanting an adult plant. It is shed with a pink solution of potassium permanganate. The seeds are treated with the same solution for several hours. Then you need to stratify the seeds in a hot way, that is, lower them into water with a temperature of up to 60 ° C, and wait until the water has cooled to room temperature. After that, you can start sowing. Seeds are laid down with a flat part, watered and covered with a film. The temperature for germination is the same as for rooting cuttings - you can do the bottom heating.
Where to buy a houseplant Coffee Arabica
Small coffee seedlings are often sold at large hardware stores in the houseplant section or ordered from flower sites. Large ones can be purchased at centers that specialize in landscaping and landscape design.
Watch a video about growing a coffee tree at home:
Video: 16. My pears. Diseases of pears
Coffee is a wonderful home plant that can be grown on the windowsill in the apartment. To grow a coffee tree, the length of which can reach 1.5 meters, you need to properly and constantly care for it. The ripe coffee berries of the plant resemble the size of a cherry; each berry contains 2 coffee beans. The plant blooms in summer, it needs space and a well-lit place. In summer, the tree should be watered as often as possible, and fed every fifteen days. If the weather is too hot outside, coffee needs extra care. The plant must be sprayed with water at room temperature.
In winter, everything is much simpler, and the plant does not need frequent watering. Coffee does not like lime, so when feeding your plant, remember that it is recommended to use both water and top dressing with the least amount of lime. In a year, from one small tree you can collect up to 500 grams of coffee.
Coffee loves light and indirect sunlight. V summer time years, coffee can be placed in the shade on the street, avoiding sunlight. In winter, in the room where the coffee tree grows, you should try to maintain a temperature of at least 18 degrees.
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When growing coffee, problems such as brown spots on the tips of the leaves can occur. Coffee leaves turn black as a result of a plant burn from direct sunlight, and dry air in the room leads to leaf curl. If there is excess moisture in the soil, the roots begin to rot. Coffee leaves turn black for several reasons: low temperature and moist soil, improper soil acidity, imbalance between the ratio of mineral salts in the soil. The most common cause is low temperature and excessive soil moisture.
To eliminate blackening, spray the leaves of the plant with zircon or epin, cover with a bag, airing daily. Dilute the epin and spray the leaves well. For 1 glass of water, you need 2 drops of epin. Spray once a week, at night (the property of the drug is destroyed by light). The roots of the plant should be warm, drafts are not allowed categorically. Dry air does not affect the blackening of the leaves. This process is difficult to treat, which is why constant proper care so that this process is prevented and prevented in time.
Attention, only TODAY!
Arabica coffee - indoor plant is a small compact shrub, up to 1m high.
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