Sawing logs on a band sawmill. How to saw correctly on a band sawmill

Choose the right cooling solution
Numerous experiments conducted by American researchers led them to the conclusion that it is wrong to use water as a lubricant when operating band saws. There is no need to use lubricant at all until the sawdust begins to “roll” on the saw. In the event that this happens, optimal lubrication should be used: a mixture of 50% diesel fuel and 50% oil for lubricating chainsaw tires.
This mixture should be evenly sprayed on both sides of the bandsaw blade. And in this case, ordinary car glass cleaners work perfectly. There should not be a lot of cooling solution, the operator will easily notice by the characteristic sound when it is time to “cool down”.
Using this lubricant instead of water will also reduce the amount of blooming boards, and extend the life of the belts on the sawmill drive pulleys, since they will no longer “limp” from sawdust and water falling on them.
Relieve tension from the band saw as soon as you stop sawing
In the process of sawing wood, the canvas heats up, and therefore, stretches, increases in length. As the blades cool, they tend to shrink back to their original size. This is where overloads appear, in other words, excess voltage. The canvas also “records in memory” the shape of both sawmill pulleys, which also does not make its life carelessly long. Add to this the inevitable deformation of the belts on the pulleys, which leads to additional vibration of the blade, as well as the “hump” on the belt that buckles over time, which ensures the saw is self-centering on the pulleys.
Band saws - correct wiring
The layout can be considered optimal when a mixture of 65-70% sawdust and 30-35% air is present between the cutting blade and the treated wood. Ejection of 80-85% of sawdust from the cut indicates that your saw is set correctly.
If the saw set is too large, a large amount of loose sawdust will remain on the cut, and, most likely, characteristic scuffs and scratches will remain on the surface of the board.
With a small divorce of the saw, tightly pressed, hot sawdust remains on the surface of the board. You can't imagine anything worse for a saw. The sawdust should feel warm to the touch, not hot or cold.
A saw that is set too far is likely to run in jerks, and a saw that is not set too far will leave “waves” on the board.
Example. When sawing a log with a diameter of 30 cm at a good feed, everything goes like clockwork. Do not think that everything will be fine with a log with a diameter of 60 cm, because now you need to remove twice as much sawdust from the cut. Right! Divorce should be increased (approximately 20%). Therefore, among other recommendations, we allow ourselves the following: before sawing, logs should be sorted by diameter.
Remember that only the upper third of the tooth should be bred, in no case under the “root”. After all, only a sharp corner at the very top of the tooth should participate in the sawing process. Do not forget also that the softer the tree you are sawing, the larger the divorce should be.
And, of course, the sequence of operations is extremely important: the blade is sharpened after wiring, and not vice versa. Sharpening will remove 0.002-0.003 inches, so this should be taken into account when setting.
And finally, never turn off your intuition, formulas will not help here.
The Importance of Checking the Adjustable Device Indicator Regularly
Do not forget about such a device on your adjustable device as an indicator. It doesn't cost anything to reset it. It works in an extremely intense mode, judge for yourself: your saw has approximately 220 teeth, you sharpen the saw 15 times, it turns out that the indicator works 3.5 thousand times during the life of the saw. The indicator wears out over time, so check its installation more often.
Band saws - tooth shape
If the idea crosses your mind that a saw will work great no matter what shape the tooth has, chase that thought away. The shape of the tooth has been developed and verified over the years. Why are you trying to reinvent the wheel?
Practical advice: when you go to buy canvases again, ask for a piece of canvas about 30 centimeters, make a hole in it and chain it to grinding machine. Here is the standard by which you can copy the shape of the tooth!
Some problems during work band saws oram and ways to solve them
At the entrance to the wood, the saw “jumped up”, and then it works smoothly, until the end of the log, after which it falls down. This is the so-called "squeezing" or "squeezing", that is, when the saw is squeezed out. Most likely, the reason is that the angle of sharpening the tooth is too large. Try decreasing the angle by 2 degrees.
At the entrance to the wood, the saw went up. The result is a curved board like a saber. The reason is that the sharpening angle of the tooth is too large with insufficient wiring. Try decreasing the angle of the tooth by 2 degrees, and increasing the set by 0.002-0.003 inches per side.
The saw dives and then goes straight. This behavior is due to several reasons, for example, the cutting blade has become dull. However, most likely, the sharpening angle is small, or maybe the sharpener simply did not fill the stone in time. Look at the canvas carefully, if the shape of the tooth seems perfect to you, then you should increase the sharpening angle by 2 degrees.
The saw "dives", and the resulting board is curved, like a saber. The angle of sharpening is small and at the same time the wiring is insufficient. You should increase the sharpening angle by 2 degrees and increase the set by 0.002-0.003 inches per side.
There are too many sawdust loose to the touch on the board. Divorce is too big. If you look closely, you can see characteristic scratches across the board. Divorce should be reduced.
The sawdust on the board is pressed and hot to the touch. Divorce is not enough. Should be increased.
Wavy cut. If the saw is sharp, it is due to too little set, increase the set by 0.006-0.008 inches per side. Remember, working with an unset saw is the most flagrant violation of technology, leading to a blade break!
The fabric is cracking at the trailing edge. This is because the back stops of the idlers are too far from the trailing edge of the blade. This distance should not exceed 0.3 mm.
Sawdust "rolls" on the saw blade. The divorce is small and there is not enough air left in the cut, excessive friction on the sawdust occurs, which leads to heating and “baking” of wood dust onto the metal. Increase the set 0.005" per side.
The sawdust "rolls" on the inner surface of the tooth, but this does not happen on the surface of the saw. Poor quality of sharpening (too much feed or too much metal removal, and, consequently, poor surface quality at the tooth cavity), or too large a sharpening angle of the tooth. Or they continued to cut the canvas after it had already become dull.
After regrinding, the blade is covered with cracks in the cavity of the tooth. This is usually associated with a change in the geometry of the tooth. Compare the tooth geometry with the original. And last but not least, a note. Many problems are created by the fact that the sharpening stone is not refueled often and accurately enough.
If you consider the recommendations mentioned above to be irrelevant, you may not adhere to them. Remember, no matter how perfect the machine you purchase, it remains a device for “running” the saw blade through the wood. 90% of the result depends on the correct maintenance of the band saw blade and only 10% on the overall setting of the machine!

Myths and reality of band sawing

Part 4.1
Band saw tooth setting
Any timber merchant who is going to buy a sawmill, of course, hopes to make a profit. But you need to remember that for the stable operation of the sawmill, it is necessary to prepare saws with high quality. And you have to do it almost every day. In previous articles, we talked about setting up the process of preparing band saws, about a new method of sharpening saws, and also started talking about one of the most difficult processes in preparing saws for work - the process of setting teeth. In this post, we will talk more about this process.
Work on band saw machines, or, as they are more commonly called, band sawmills, however, like on any other equipment, consists of two main parts - organizational and technical. Many people neglect the first part, thinking in vain that all organizational issues can be solved directly in the process of work. The result of such neglect is barely breathing or closing production. In this article I will try to describe the problems that should be solved before buying equipment.
We are often asked: on the band sawmill of which manufacturer and in what configuration is it best to cut? It seems to many that our rich experience of dealing with hundreds of owners of sawmills and with almost all of their manufacturers, knowing the problems they face on a daily basis, will help to give an accurate answer to this “simple” question. In fact, on the list of sawing questions, this, although a very important question, should be at the last place. Those who first bought a sawmill and only then thought about how to properly organize work on it usually organized this very work for a very long time, and some could not set up production at all in order to receive 500-1,000, and not 50-100 rubles from sawn cubic meter of sawlog. At the same time, most often they blame all the failures on the fact that they bought the wrong sawmill.
In order to get a good profit when sawing logs with narrow (27-60 mm wide) band saws, several basic issues must first be resolved. Moreover, without solving at least one of the issues listed below, it is better not to undertake such sawing at all, because otherwise you will get a lot of problems and a complete headache.
1. It is necessary to work independently as a machinist and sharpener at an existing sawmill. It is to work for 1-2 weeks, and not to look at work for 1-2 hours. If you do not do this, you will never be able to understand the intricacies of production. And as a result, machinists and sharpeners will give many reasons why they cannot work better, and you will not be able to correctly assess the correctness of their arguments, which means that you are unlikely to get the maximum profit.
2. Will you be able to spend at least 10-12 hours a day in production for at least the first year in order to control and debug the entire work process? Do not think that this can be entrusted to your companion, much less a hired master. Unfortunately, a companion can rarely be trusted, and any hired craftsmen most often deceive entrepreneurs. I know more than one example when hired craftsmen live very well in poorly functioning industries without constant control of the owners.
3. It is necessary to decide how the saw log will be cut:
a) on order, sawing the required dimensions of sawn timber from the sawlog, that is, it is not optimal, each time losing 10-15% of the possible output volume, saving a little on storage costs;
b) with the optimal cutting of each log, obtaining the maximum yield of sawn timber, but at the same time partially sending the finished product to the warehouse, with a delay in the sale of slow-moving sizes, that is, with a slight freezing in time of working capital, although in the end more profit.
4. Will you yourself for the first time cut saw logs with the optimal yield of lumber and train your assistant to work in this way, so that you can replace yourself later, or do you already have an experienced machinist who will immediately work perfectly, and not just “drive cubes”. Almost all machinists are paid for sawn cubic meters of sawlogs, and not for the edged lumber obtained from this sawlog. Therefore, it is more profitable for them to quickly cut out thick boards, timber and take another log. Large slabs and large parts when cutting unedged boards usually go to waste. And that's the lost profit. Depending on how well the production is organized, the percentage of finished product yield can range from 50 to 75%.
5. Decide how the drivers will receive the saws:
a) you will simply issue them as needed, that is, the machinists will not be interested in the long operation of the saw and will be able to calmly tear them one after another, and you will only listen to their claims that the framer does not know how to saw, and the sharpener does not sharpen the saws correctly, and calculate your losses
b) interest everyone in caring for the saw and sawmill.
Here is an example. Payment to workers is calculated as follows: for cutting 1 m³ of sawlogs, the driver receives 76 rubles, two assistants - 62 rubles each. Only 200 rubles. This includes the cost of a band saw at the rate of cutting 40 cubes of sawlogs with one saw. If the saw cuts more before breaking, the earnings are higher, respectively. More than 100 cubes began to be sawn with a saw. The only clarification: sawing is carried out with bimetallic saws. Deducted for a torn saw: from the driver - 450 rubles, from each assistant - 200 rubles. Only 850 rubles. If the saw is torn on a nail, then a new one is issued free of charge. The sharpener receives an average salary (if he serves several sawmills) from all machinists. Thus, they are all interested in keeping the saws running for as long as possible. And now no one needs to follow them.
Drivers closely monitor the work of the sawmill, since even its slight misalignment (beating of the pulleys, walking the saw on the pulleys, changing correct settings guide rollers, uneven supply of coolant, grinding of cleaning scrapers, etc.) lead, in addition to the formation of a wave on the lumber, to an accelerated rupture of the saw, which is very disadvantageous for them. And any malfunction is easiest to eliminate at the beginning - there will be less marriage, and subsequent possible large repair downtimes are practically excluded. In order to avoid large waste, various systems of fines can be applied. As practice shows, once or twice fined machinists cut much more competently. But all this works only when there are several crews and a machinist in last resort you can replace it with an assistant. When the driver works alone, it is very difficult to cope with him.
6. Find a good mechanic in advance, that is, a person who will debug the work of the sawmill and will constantly monitor it, keeping it in good condition.
7. Solve the problem of the band saw preparation site, taking into account that any sawmill is only a saw pulling device with a set of service functions. The quality of the lumber obtained during sawing (dimensional accuracy, straightness (without wave) of the surface), and the productivity of the sawmill (the amount of lumber sawn per unit of time, that is, the actual profit) almost completely depend (with an adjusted sawmill) on the correct daily preparation of saws . There are two options:
a) find a highly qualified sharpener in advance who will be able to try (most often unsuccessfully) to prepare saws daily on inexpensive, low-quality and obsolete grinding and adjustable machines. The result of such preparation is quickly torn saws, low-quality lumber (wave on the surface), low productivity;
b) you can buy right away, paying a little more, good sharpening and adjustable machines, on which almost any person can prepare saws with high quality every day and saw them with maximum profit for themselves. How to choose the right sharpening and adjustable machines was described in previous issues of the magazine.
8. Decide how the sawing process will be organized:
a) at minimal cost, but also with minimal profit: sawing is carried out by one driver and one assistant, the saw unit works only 20-25% of the working time, the rest of the time is spent on feeding the log, preparing it for sawing (leveling, tilting, etc.). ) and removal of the resulting finished lumber;
b) with slightly higher costs, but in the end (due to increased productivity) an increase in real profit - the most common option. Sawing is carried out by one machinist and two assistants, the saw unit has been working for 25-35% of the working time;
c) with the highest possible performance at the lowest initial cost. Sawing is carried out by one driver with two assistants, but at the same time an additional 6-meter section is attached to the main rail track. Two logs are stacked in series. Now, when one log is being cut, the assistants perform the necessary operations with another. The saw unit works 35-50% of the working time.
9. Decide which market you want to work in:
a) internal;
b) external.
When working for the domestic market, the productivity of the sawmill due to a possible increase in the feed of the saw unit can be 10-15% higher. The small deviations of the nominal dimensions obtained in this case or a small wave on the surface are of no fundamental importance.
10. Decide what you want to saw at the sawmill:
a) sawing is not very fast, but very high quality ( furniture boards, valuable wood species, etc.), sawlogs are mostly large (more than 40 cm) in diameter;
b) sawing into edged lumber, mainly sawlogs with a diameter of up to 40 cm.
When working according to option a), you will need additional hydraulic or electromechanical devices, an electronic ruler, automatic reverse return of the saw unit.
When working on option b), it is worth seriously considering how necessary these systems are. With all due respect to such systems, they improve working conditions at the sawmill, reducing its real productivity by 10-20%, and besides, they constantly break down.
An experienced machinist will tune in to the desired size much faster than electronics (the movement of the saw unit up and down must be electromechanical) and return the saw unit after cutting back. I know many who started working with these electronic components, but then they were simply turned off so as not to interfere. Two assistants perform all operations with a log much faster than hydraulics or electromechanics, and even during real work with logs with a diameter of 25-35 cm they practically do not get tired. It is only necessary that the stops are not screw, but eccentric. Do you agree to such losses in productivity, especially since the installation of these systems, as a rule, doubles the cost of a sawmill?
11. Decide what real sawlog diameters you will be sawing:
a) mostly diameters greater than 40 cm - when sawing such a sawlog, you need a sawmill with pulleys of at least 600 mm, which allows you to work with a band saw up to 60 mm wide and a saw length of more than 6 m;
b) more than 90% will be less than 40 cm in diameter - it is worth considering whether it is necessary to overpay a lot for the opportunity to cut three to five large logs per month. They can be cut in extreme cases in a circle. With pulley diameters of 520-560 mm, the cost of a sawmill is usually up to 30% less. When cutting with a saw with a width of 32-40 mm and a length of 4-4.5 m, while obtaining the same quality of lumber and the productivity of the sawmill, you will not constantly overpay almost one and a half times for the width and length of the band saw with almost the same cut to break each cubic meter of sawlogs.
12. Decide if you need a debarker. In my opinion, this is really not the most expensive, but a very useful device, as it allows the band saw to work until it becomes dull much longer, especially if a dirty log is being cut.
13. Decide if you need a laser pointer. It is also a very handy device, as it allows assistants to set the log faster and more accurately, thereby increasing the productivity of the sawmill and reducing waste, which often increases with suboptimal cuts.
Only when you solve all the questions listed above, you can start choosing a specific sawmill with the necessary equipment. Back to original question asked. So all the same, which band sawmill is better than others: it breaks less, cuts with high quality and is not very expensive? The paradox is that I cannot answer this question. Almost all manufacturers that exist today have been producing sawmills for 10-15 years or more. The rich experience allowed the designers of these industries to develop and manufacture very good new modifications to sawmills, which are practically not inferior to foreign analogues in terms of parameters, and at a price much lower. Real profit can be made much faster by building your production on the basis of Russian sawmills. But the problem of all our productions is that our manufacturers could always develop and produce a prototype and show a polished model at exhibitions, and receive diplomas for these design works. But, unfortunately, almost no one can constantly produce high-quality products. Performing a high-quality weld, manufacturing components for exact observance of all necessary parallelism and perpendicularity only in special conductors, the concept of tolerances when connecting constituent parts in 0.01 mm or 0.1 °, high-quality electrical wiring and much more, that is, everything that can be called in one capacious expression - production culture, is still an almost impossible requirement for many of our manufacturers. Therefore, when purchasing a sawmill from a Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian manufacturer, you should always remember that you are buying a constructor that you will assemble and bring to a greater or lesser extent to a normal state for the first 1-3 months. There is nothing terrible here. It's just that at the initial stage, either a good personal experience or the presence of a competent mechanic is required. But then these sawmills will work no worse than imported ones, and the money saved can be used in the form of working capital or spent on the purchase of additional equipment.
Much is said and written about the low productivity of sawing sawlogs by band sawmills operating with narrow saws 27-60 mm wide.
For reference, I will give the following figures: with a well-functioning sawmill, high-quality preparation of the saw and organization of the sawing process according to option 8b, the average yield of edged lumber should be 1 m³ per hour with a real exit from the log of 70-75% of the finished product. With the correct organization of production, working in several shifts, it is realistic to receive 400-600 m³ of finished edged lumber per month from only one sawmill.
Now, if you independently calculate all the initial costs, productivity, the actual yield of finished products from one log, you can be sure that sawing up to 3 thousand m³ of sawlogs per month by band sawmills operating with narrow saws 27-60 mm wide will be the most economically feasible. compared to all other sawing methods.
I am sure that all the talk about the impossibility of working productively and obtaining good quality lumber at sawmills of this type is carried out by those who simply did not manage to properly organize the work of their production.

How to work on a band sawmill

Pro Tips
1. GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE MACHINE
The horizontal band saw machine is used for sawing wood of any hardness into boards, beams, rails. Sawing occurs by moving the saw frame with a cutting tool (band saw) along the fixed rail guides of the band sawmill.
The use of a band sawmill allows you to:
to produce boards with high surface quality from the material
receive a BOARD with an accuracy of 2 mm. with a length of 6 m;
band sawmill allows you to reduce waste by 2-3 times,
reduce energy costs;
quickly adjust the sawing size,
The band sawmill is capable of sawing short workpieces (from 1.0 meters) and producing products up to 2 millimeters thick.
the band sawmill works in the conditions of UHL 4 (GOST 15150-69). The band sawmill is equipped with an electromechanical type saw unit lift.
2. "Band sawmills" - work and device:
2.1 The main components and parts of the band sawmill:
A bed that moves along rail guides in a horizontal direction;
saw frame;
Raising the saw frame mechanism;
Electric cabinet;
log clamp;
Movable slider of the driven pulley;
Leading pulley;
Driven pulley;
V-belt transmission;
Rail guides of a band sawmill;
Tensioning band saw mechanism;
Band saw mounting socket;
Band saw sheave cover
coolant tank
Saw guide fixed
Saw guide movable
The bed of the band sawmill has a U-shape and soles with rollers for moving the saw frame along the rails and felt brushes that clean the guide from sawdust. The lifting of the saw frame is carried out by two sliders located on the racks of the bed. The movement is carried out by a two-way, synchronously connected chain transmission, driven by an electric motor, through a gearbox.
The frame is made of two channels, which are parallel and interconnected. On one end of the frame, the leading saw pulley is fixedly fixed, on the other end, the driven one, which has the possibility of longitudinal movement. The band saw blade is tensioned by a spring-screw mechanism, the spring dampens the thermal expansion of the saw band. In the manufacture of a band sawmill, the tension for a saw with a width of 35 centimeters is calibrated. The risks of the W tensioner housing and washer are equal to a tension force of 525 kilograms. In the front beam of the band sawmill and on the slider of the driven pulley there are two locks for removing and installing the saw band. On the brackets located in the middle of the frame, two band saw guides (movable and fixed) are installed, which are equipped with support rollers and an adjustment system and a bar. Torque is transmitted from the sawmill engine to the drive pulley - V-belt transmission. The coolant reservoir is fixed on top of the saw-bevel guard. The supply of liquid is regulated by taps located on the tank. The band sawmill control panel is located on the top jumper of the machine.
Guides collapsible from 3 sections, which is convenient for transportation. Below are the base plates into which the anchor bolts are screwed. On top of the guides of the band sawmill supports the logs. The log on rail guides is fixed with four screw clamps and a stop that provides 90 degrees.
3. ADJUSTING THE SAW PULLEYS
3.1. The machine provides for adjusting the position of both pulleys relative to each other in the horizontal and vertical planes. It is necessary to ensure that the band saw with a tension of 6-8 kg / mm sq. in cross section by one branch did not leave the rims of the saw pulleys.
3.2. First of all, the pulleys are adjusted in a vertical plane, exposing them at a right angle with respect to the saw frame. To do this, on the slider of the driven pulley, the Ml0 bolt is screwed in from below to its axis, and on the driving pulley, adjustment is carried out by installing spacer washers or plates. This operation is performed by the manufacturer.
3.3 To adjust the position of the saw pulleys of the horizontal plane, two bolts Ml2 are screwed into the ends of the frame from the side of the driving pulley, and one bolt is screwed to the axis of the driven pulley.
It is necessary to adjust the pulleys of the band sawmill in the following sequence:
3.3.1 Turn off the automatic power supply on the control panel.
3.3.2 Open the saw pulley guards.
3.3.3 Install the band saw on the pulleys in such a way that it protrudes beyond the edges of the pulleys by the value of the tooth height plus 2-5 mm.
3.3.4 Close the movable connectors (locks).
3.3.5 Tension the band saw by turning the nut of the tension mechanism to the optimum value for this type of band saw (based on 6-8 kg/mm2).
3.3.6. Turning the hand for the driven pulley in the direction of sawing (counterclockwise), you need to look at what position the band saw will take on the pulleys. If the tape runs outward by an equal amount from both pulleys, then without loosening the tension of the saw, release the lock nut Ml6, which secures the axis of the driven pulley to the saw frame (saw frame slider).
3.3.7 Then loosen the M12 lock nut and screw in the Ml2 bolt a small amount, then tighten the M12 lock nut and the M16 lock nut.
3.3.8 Repeat point 3.3.6 and if the tape runs off, repeat the adjustment until the correct result is obtained.
3.3.9 If the band runs inward by an even amount, then it is necessary to loosen the tension of the band saw.
3.3.10. Loosen the Ml6 lock nut, M12 lock nut and unscrew the M12 bolt a small amount, then tighten the M12 and M16 nuts.
3.3.11 If the tape has taken the position according to the instructions, then the adjustment is correct.
3.3.12 If the band saw immediately runs off the drive pulley during rotation, then the adjustment should be started from it.
3.3.13 To do this, depending on the direction from which the belt runs (outward or inward), loosen the left or right lock nuts Ml6 and adjust in the same sequence as on the driven pulley.
3.3.14 After adjustment, tighten all nuts.
3.3.15 Close the doors of the saw pulley covers.
3.3.16 Turn on the e-mail dispenser. energy on the control panel.
3.3.17 Briefly switch on the drive of the saw pulleys and make sure that the saw blade is in the correct position. The machine is ready to work.
4. REQUIREMENTS FOR SAW BANDS
1. During the operation of the band sawmill, in order to increase the service life of the band saw, it is necessary to properly tension it on the pulleys.
1.1 The amount of tension, depending on its width, is determined by the device "Tensometer".
1.2 Attention! The band saw should not be in operation for more than 2 hours. After this time, it must be removed from the machine and hung out in a free state for at least 24 hours to relieve fatigue stresses.
2 Use the correct lubricant for the band saw blade.
As a cutting fluid (coolant), in most cases, just water is enough, or water with the addition of detergent("Fairy", etc.). However, at low temperatures it is best to use a mixture of 50%-80% diesel or kerosene and 50%-20% engine oil, or oils for lubricating chainsaw tires. Good results when sawing conifers are also given by the use of turpentine.
In the case of using water as a coolant, it is necessary to wipe the pulleys and the belt with oil at the end of the work.
3. Always loosen the band saw tension.
When you're done, take the tension off the saw. When working, the blades heat up and stretch, and then when cooled, they shrink by tenths of a millimeter during each cooling period. Therefore, the belts left on the pulleys under load overload themselves, and the imprint of the two pulleys is formed on them, which causes cracks in the cavities between the teeth.
4. Use the correct tooth setting.
The setting is correct if you have 65-70% sawdust and 30-35% air in the space between the saw blade and the treated wood. If your tooth setting is too wide for the weight or thickness of the wood, there will be too much air in the cut and not enough sawdust. You will have excessive sawdust losses, and as a result, a large roughness of the processed wood. If the spread is not sufficient, you will not get enough air flow to remove sawdust from the kerf. Hot sawdust is a sign of this. This can cause the most devastating damage to the saw: operating intervals will be short, the saw will fail prematurely. The sawdust should be cold to the touch. And, finally, with insufficient divorce and the wrong sharpening angle, the saw will cut a wave on the board. From our point of view, you cannot work with the same set of teeth with logs of different diameters, timber and cant.
You must sort the timber.
For every 20-25 centimeters increase in size, it is necessary to increase the wiring by about 18%, depending on whether the wood is hard or soft, wet or dry. The only way to achieve the desired layout is to carry out control cuts of a certain log. Increase the set by 5-8 hundredths of a millimeter on each side until tooth marks are visible. This means that you are working with a 50/50 mixture of air and sawdust. After that, reduce the setting of the teeth by 8-10 hundredths on each side, and you will achieve the desired result. Note: You should only breed the top eight, not the middle or bottom. You don't want the gap between the teeth to fill completely when sawing. When you work with soft wood, whether wet or dry, the wood chips increase in volume by 4-7 times compared to their state at the cellular level. Hard woods, wet or dry, increase in volume only 1/2-3 times. This means that if you are sawing 45 cm pine logs, you will need to set your teeth 20% more than when sawing 45 cm oak logs. Always set teeth before sharpening.
5. Sharpen your saw properly.
There is only one way to sharpen band saws. The stone must pass along the surface of the tooth down, around the base of the cavity between the teeth and up along reverse side teeth in one continuous motion.
You must maintain the profile of the tooth and the interdental cavity.
The space between the teeth (gallet) is not a sawdust bin. The power flow of air, the cooling of steel and the removal of sawdust depend on it.
If you have the correct set of teeth, the air is supplied along the log at the same speed as the saw, as a result, the sawdust is sucked into the gallet. The sawdust cools it considerably as it passes around the inside and outside of the next tooth. It is necessary that the space between the teeth be filled by 40%, which will provide the necessary cooling and increase the time of the saw.
6. Set the correct sharpening angle.
Thanks to the deep gutters, we can use reduced sharpening angles that transfer less heat to the tip of the tooth. The series uses a 10 Degree hook angle that is able to penetrate most medium hard to medium soft wood surfaces.
The general rule is this: the harder the wood, the smaller the sharpening angle.
Warning: Do not trust the scales and measuring rulers on your grinder!
The pins and guides on it wear out. In the course of work, the profile of the stone changes.
To control the correct sharpening angles, use a protractor. Attention; we recommend changing saw blades every two hours of continuous operation, while allowing them to rest for at least a day.
During the operation of the machine, it becomes necessary to regulate individual components in order to restore their normal operation.

The economic efficiency of sawmill production largely depends on the degree of use of raw materials. The equipment used in production, rational cutting of logs according to optimal deliveries, competent cutting planning determine the efficient use of resources and, accordingly, high product quality.

The main schemes for cutting sawn raw materials

Methods and schemes for cutting logs directly depend on the requirements for the quality and dimensions of the products produced, the characteristics of the raw materials and the type of equipment used.

The main methods of sawing logs
a - waddle; b - with a bar; b '- with the receipt of two bars; b "- waddle bars; in - sector; in '- sawing the sector into radial boards; in "- on tangential boards; g - segment; g '- breakup-segment; g "- beam-segment; d - circular; 1 - not edged boards; 2 - edged boards; 3 - rail; 4- bars; 5 - parts of logs in the form of sectors; 6 - parts of logs in the form of segments; 7 - one-sided edged boards

cutting logs waddle consists in its division along parallel planes by one or more cutting tools. This scheme allows you to get unedged boards with different arrangement of layers relative to annual layers. The method is rational when cutting logs up to 18 cm in diameter and for sawlogs with trunk curvature (most often used in cases of cutting birch raw materials, which have simple or complex curvature in 70% of cases).

Unedged boards obtained after cutting at random are processed into edged boards or transferred for cutting into blanks in an unedged form.

In the event that the predominant quantity of finished products must have established cross-sectional dimensions, the cutting method is used. with bar. This scheme is also used for cutting logs. large diameters in the production of general purpose lumber.

Sawing with a bar is carried out on multi-saw equipment in two passes. At the same time, at the first stage of roundwood get bars with a thickness equal to the width of the required board. Then these bars are divided into boards of the required dimensions in thickness.

For cutting large-sized ridges, they are used segment and sector methods. It should be noted that these schemes are specific and are used in special types of production for the production of tangential and radial lumber.

Individual cutting of large logs and logs with internal rot is carried out in a circular way.

Processing of round wood by milling

The formation of the section of sawn raw materials by milling is carried out by combining this method with sawing. In this case, three main cutting schemes are used:

• obtaining a double-edged beam at the first node;
• obtaining unedged boards and two-edged timber on the head machine;
• obtaining a profiled beam with dimensions corresponding to the cross-sectional dimensions of edged lumber with the development of boards on one equipment.

Double-edged timber is a semi-finished product for the further production of edged lumber by dividing the timber into boards.

The main methods of cutting logs by milling
a - obtaining a two-edged beam on the head machine; b - obtaining a two-edged beam and unedged boards; c - obtaining a profile bar; g - obtaining long edged lumber; e - obtaining edged lumber of various lengths; e - obtaining edged lumber of various lengths and widths; 1 - lumber zone; 2 - edged lumber; 3 - curly timber; 4 - two-edged timber; 5- unedged lumber

The concept of setting for sawing round wood

A set is a set of saws, clamping and inter-saw spacers installed in a saw frame to obtain sawn materials with specified thickness parameters.

In other words, a delivery is a plan-scheme for sawing sawmill raw materials (logs) of uniform quality and size into products of specified parameters and quality.

When sawing in a waddle, the setting is implemented by a digital series showing the thickness of the sawn boards in millimeters:

19-19-32-32-19-19.

This row of numbers means that two boards 32 mm thick are cut from the central part of the log, and four boards 19 mm thick are cut from the side parts.

When breaking up with a bar, for example, the setting is written in two rows of numbers, for sawing a log (first pass) and a beam (second pass):

19-19-150-19-19 (first pass);

19-32-40-40-32-19 (second pass).

As in the previous example, these numbers mean that on the head machine of the first row, on which the log is sawn, one beam with a thickness of 150 mm is obtained and, accordingly, four unedged boards of 19 mm each (two on each side), and on the machine of the second rows, the resulting timber is sawn into boards with a thickness of 40, 32 and 19 mm.

When sawing logs on single-saw machines, the setting determines the order of cutting.

Drawing up deliveries

Drawing up a set essentially means determining the optimal dimensions and proportions of boards in thickness, providing rational use cross-sectional diameter of the log.

Basic rules for compiling a delivery:

• postavy should be symmetrical;
• in one set there should not be boards that differ in thickness by less than 5 mm;
• start drawing up the set with the largest lumber in terms of cross-section;
• the dimensions of the thicknesses of the boards should decrease from the axis of the log to the periphery;
• do not provide for sawing out more than two thin (16, 19 mm) boards at the edge of the set when cutting raw materials on sawmill frames;
• choose the height of the timber on the first pass according to the width of the leading boards in the specification according to the dimensions of the thicknesses of the boards;
• the face of the timber, sawn in the second pass, sawn into boards of equal thickness;
• when compiling deliveries for lumber without specifying specifications, use tabular or graphical methods;
• when sawing using the method with a bar, determine the thickness of the bar from the ratio (0.06-0.08) of the top diameter of the log - d;
• the setting should not exceed the value of the maximum coverage of the diameter of the log;
• determine the smallest thicknesses of the central boards according to this table:

Graphical method of drawing up assignments

It is possible to draw up a rational delivery in accordance with GOSTs without specifying specific cross-sectional dimensions (without tasks in the form of specifications) - using special graphs.

An example of using the graph of the limiting thicknesses of lumber according to P.P. Aksenov

In order to determine the limiting thicknesses on the abscissa axis, the distance from the axis of the set to the inner part of the face of the set of the required board is plotted. Then a vertical line is drawn until it intersects with an inclined line that corresponds to a given diameter, and the resulting intersection point is taken down to the coordinate axis.

Graph of optimal lumber thickness according to G.G. Titkov

How to properly cut a log on a band sawmill

Has your band sawmill been installed and made all the necessary adjustments? So it's time to proceed directly to the sawing process itself. In order to get really high-quality material, it is necessary to correctly install the log and fix it with special clamps.

The quality also depends on the correct calculation of the amount and type of material that you want to get from this log.

Having gained experience in the future, one glance at the log will be enough, and you will already know how much and what kind of material can be obtained from it. Learn to accurately determine where the top is and where the butt of the log is. The butt, as a rule, is larger in diameter than the top. And this largely affects the thickness of the slab.

How to calculate a log

So, you have measured the diameter of the log, and it is measured from the top. We calculate the approximate amount of material according to the diameter and proceed to further actions.

Firstly.

We pay attention to all the bends and bulges of the log - a perfectly even trunk is rare. Therefore, we try to turn it so as to get as little waste as possible from it, such as slabs. When the log is laid and fixed, it is worth making sure that it passes freely between the guide rollers.

Set the size on the ruler of the sawmill according to the diameter, and to this size add the greatest height of the bulge of the log. This is that bulge that is higher than the diameter of the top or narrowest part of the log.

Using a regular tape measure, measure the height of the highest part, and from this size you start counting the dimensions required material, taking into account the size of the cut, which is from 2 to 5 mm.

Secondly.

As soon as the width of the cut reaches the required size, and the remaining height of the log has reached right size, it is flipped. That is, if you saw a beam, for example, at 150, then both the width of the cut and the height of the rest of the log should correspond to this value, even be larger, taking into account the removal of the slab.

To do this, after turning the log over, start the calculation from the final size to the full use of the log height, but do not forget to take into account the size of the cut, which, as we already know, is from 2 to 5 mm.

For example - you have a log on the overpass, which you cut to a size of 260 mm. Let's flip the log and continue.

The end result we want to achieve is a gun carriage with a thickness of 150 mm. Further, in a simple way, considering that 260 mm-150 mm \u003d 110 mm. We get as much as 110 mm thick additional material. And that is exactly what needs to be calculated.

We take this additional size and calculate, in order to obtain a chopping block, which has a size of 50 mm, 110-50=60, do not forget to cut, and in our case it is 2 mm, 60-2=58 mm, then the cleft, equal to 25 mm, 58 -25-2=31 mm, slab 20 mm, 31-20-2=9 mm.

As you can see, from our calculations, it turns out 9 mm slab, 20 mm slab, 25 mm cleft and 50 mm chopping block. And the final size will be 150 mm.

Possible mistakes

As you can see, there is nothing complicated here. Often, inexperienced sawmillers make a mistake in the calculations when they start counting from zero. For example, if the final size of the material is 150 mm, then there is no need to add 2 mm to the cut to it, otherwise it will turn out like this 150 + 2 = 152. There should not be such an error, the cut is calculated only between the material, for example, a 50 mm board and 150 mm carriage, we obtain as described above, 150 + 50 + 2 \u003d 202 mm.

If necessary, to obtain edged material, turn the log 90 degrees and perform the same manipulations that are described above.

So you sawed your first log, look at the quality of the material and the accuracy of the dimensions. Make sure your calculations are correct. The main mistake in the calculations is that they forget to take into account the size of the cut. Try to take into account this fact. And don't make those mistakes.

In the future, when you gain experience, the calculation will take place automatically in your head, it will be enough to look at the log.

We are confident that everything will work out for you, we wish you success in your work.

moyapodsobka.ru

How to use a ruler on a band sawmill

Hello dear readers and subscribers of Andrey Noak's blog. In this article, I will tell you how to use a ruler on a band sawmill, as well as tell you helpful tips professionals.

The band sawmill allows you to cut lumber into battens, beams and boards according to the specified dimensions. The sawing process occurs due to the movement of the frame with cutting device along fixed guides.

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As many blog readers already know, I periodically release some usefulness and goodies, and this time I wrote such an e-book!

Work with technical specifications for the sale of lumber, for example, in the winter a third grade appeared, and in the summer (during the season) it disappeared and turned into the first grade;

In order for sawing at the sawmill to proceed without any problems and complaints, you should pay attention to the following factors that may arise during operation:

• Uniform material feed rate during operation;
• Correct blade shape
• Carrying out the correct wiring of the saw;
• Do not allow sticking of resinous substances on the canvas;
• Watch the saw teeth.

Measures to increase the period of operation of the band sawmill

1. For sharpening, use a specialized tool;
2. In the process of work, control the tension of the saw, monitor the width of the cut, the feed rate of the material, the quality and cleanliness of the cut;
3. If possible, use logs (lumber) from 40 to 70 cm in diameter. Such a log is easy to position on the frame. When sawing, an optimal yield of the finished material occurs;
4. Select the correct tooth profile for the wood being processed. This will reduce the wear of the saw and increase the speed and quality of the equipment;
5. Measure the moisture content of the material and only then select the tooth setting and select the correct cutting speed;
6. The use of debarkers. They, in turn, will process the upper surface of the log before sawing. This equipment will prevent sand, dirt and small stones from getting on the cutting part of the machine;
7. Pay attention to the tension of the tape. This will lead to the optimization of high-speed sawing modes, the quality of processing and will allow timely detection of wear of equipment parts;
8. Check belts both before and during machine operation for wear. With high wear on the drive belt, an unfavorable situation will occur when the blade comes into contact with the pulley. This will damage the saw;
9. Make sure that sawdust does not accumulate on the belts. This will lead to vibration, which in turn will affect the operation of the equipment;
10. The log must be fed as quickly as possible. Reducing the feed rate will cause the saw to idle. This will lead to reduced performance and increased saw wear;
11. During operation, monitor the equipment, the condition of the bed, adjust the pulleys and rollers. Carry out all work according to the recommendations. Do not violate safety rules while working.

Application of the electronic ruler

How to use a ruler on a band sawmill? This measuring tool will reduce the time for cutting logs. No need to count and figure out the dimensions. The ruler is easily attached to the machine. Operator productivity increases and there is no need to bother with mathematical calculations.



Line types:

• Wooden;
• metal;
• Sticker;
• Electronic.

There is a graduation on the ruler, by which you can know the thickness of the board, taking into account the cut.

An electronic ruler, compared to a wooden version, is an expensive tool. An electronic saw control unit is used as a scale. The principle is simple. Set the board thickness parameters and run. Operations are carried out automatically. I will describe in more detail how it all works in a new article.

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Sawing logs on a band sawmill: tables, diagrams

For processing logs on a band sawmill, it is necessary to adhere to the accepted technology. In this way, you can get the maximum quality materials- boards and timber. But first you should familiarize yourself with the basic rules of cutting.

Types of sawing wood

Scheme of sawing a log

At the first stage, a carriage is formed from a log. To do this, cuts are made on its two sides. In some cases, processing is performed on four sides. Pre-mapped band sawing blank, which indicate the dimensions of the components.

The determining parameter when choosing a scheme is the direction of processing the log. In particular, the movement of the cutting edge relative to annual rings. According to this, lumber of various qualities is formed, which has a unique appearance. Not only their aesthetic qualities depend on this, but also the price.

There are the following types of cuts:

• tangential. The cut is made tangentially relative to the annual rings. As a result, oblong patterns in the form of arches, rings are formed on the surface;
• radial. For its implementation, perpendicular processing along the annual rings is necessary. A feature is a uniform pattern;
• transverse. Processing occurs across the fibers, the cut pattern is an even cut of annual rings;
• rustic. It can be done at any angle, contains a certain amount of knots, sapwood or other similar defects.

Waste is often used in the woodworking industry band sawing logs - croaker. On the one hand, a flat plane, and the other remains unfinished.

For the most accurate cutting, it is recommended to use special programs. They take into account not only the dimensions source material but also the type of wood.

Sawing on a sawmill with a log rotation of 180 °

Cutting chart with 180° rotation

To form the maximum number of boards, it is recommended to use a technology in which some of the tape processing processes are rotated by 180°. This allows you to achieve the maximum amount of lumber with various types cuts.

The principle of processing is to make initial cuts along the edges of the log, which are at an angle of 90 ° relative to each other. They will serve as the basis for further tape cutting. Works are carried out on equipment with a vertical arrangement of cutting elements. The diameter of the trunk must be at least 26 centimeters.

Step by step workflow.

1. Processing of the side with the cut edge part. The result is two boards.
2. Turning the workpiece by 90°. The cut is made from the opposite side. The number of products varies from 3 to 4.
3. Repeated 90° turn. The main part of the source material is being processed. Depending on the planned ones, 7-8 blanks can be obtained.

Despite all its positive qualities, this method has one significant drawback - the low production speed. It is recommended to use it on equipment that has a block for automatically changing the position of the log relative to the cutting part of the machine.

A detailed scheme is most often used for the manufacture of rustic boards, which are subject to reduced quality requirements.

Sawing on a sawmill with a log rotation of 90 °

Types of sawing

For the manufacture of tangential and radial boards, it is recommended to use a different technique. It consists in systematic band processing of logs with simultaneous analysis of defects. Thus, products of the required quality can be obtained.

After delimbing, the workpiece is placed on the feed frame of the sawing machine. Then you need to do the following.

1. Removal of the primary slab. It is carried out until the width of the base is 110-115 mm.
2. Removing unedged boards with a thickness of about 28 mm.
3. If the number of defects on the surface exceeds the required level, the material is rotated by 90°. If the quality of the board is high enough, the next one is cut off.
4. Repetition of the operation.

A similar technique is applicable for processing installations that have one cutting surface or have the function of temporarily dismantling the rest.

With a sufficiently large number of defects, it is possible not to postpone the workpiece, but to perform its processing using the 180° turn method.

The above tape processing technique can be applied to create any configuration of wood products. Often, the core area is used to form a beam, and the remaining parts are used to make boards. But there may be exceptions - it all depends on the required shape of the blanks.

The quality of work is affected by the current state of the sawmill, the level of saw sharpening and processing speed. These factors must be taken into account before starting the production process. If necessary, preventive maintenance or repair of equipment is carried out.

Log sawing table

The video shows the method of sawing logs on a homemade band sawmill:

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do-it-yourself video installation instructions, how to properly cut wood in half, along, radial method, machine, calculation, diagram, photo and price

All photos from the article

Sawn logs are boards, timber, veneer and other wooden building materials known to us. The task of competent and efficient sawing of trunks is extremely relevant for independent or industrial logging, in addition, knowing the basics will help you choose the right lumber.

We will look at the main points regarding this topic and tell you how to properly cut a log on a band sawmill.

Sawing logs on a band sawmill is considered the most effective.

sawing logs

The main task

In the photo - a corner sawmill.

In the old days, whole tree trunks were used to build houses and other structures, from which the so-called log cabins were collected. However, the details of the cylindrical conical shape are not the best suited for construction, so boards and beams began to be made from logs.

The share of a solid log used in construction is vanishingly small, so the lumberjack must master the art of sawing wood into boards and timber, otherwise he will go bankrupt. This skill will also be useful to those who decide to do their own harvesting for the needs of private construction.

Wood is used mainly in the form of a board.

So, we are faced with the task of turning an ordinary log into the maximum amount of high-quality useful lumber with minimum expenses energy, time and raw materials. That is, we must find a way in which efficiency will be maximum, and costs - minimal.

Here it should be said right away that the solution does not come down to solving a geometric rebus, in practice everything is much more complicated. Wood is a heterogeneous material, so the result is influenced by a large number of nuances and subtleties, which we will discuss in more detail in the following chapters.

The heterogeneity of the wood structure complicates the task of sawing it.

Important! The task of sawing is to obtain the maximum amount of high-quality lumber at minimum cost per unit of time.

Cutting methods

Special equipment will help you understand how to cut a log along.

As already mentioned, the correct calculation of sawing a log should take into account not only the geometric parameters and cutting, but also the heterogeneity of the material structure.

The fact is that wood manifests its properties differently depending on the orientation of the annual rings (layers): the processes of warping and deformation during drying are most pronounced along the layer, when the plane of the board coincides with the plane of the annual ring.

Not only beauty, but also quality depends on the cutting method.

To understand how to cut a log correctly, you should know the basic sawing methods:

• The radial method is considered the highest quality and differs in that the annual lines at the end of the board form an angle of 76 - 90˚ with respect to its plane, and the cut line passes through the core of the trunk like a radius. As a result, a board that is quite uniform in color and texture is obtained, which practically does not swell when moistened and does not deform during shrinkage. Radial sawn lumber is considered the highest quality, its price is the highest;
• The tangential method, on the contrary, is the least preferred and differs in that the lines of annual rings run almost parallel to the plane of the board or tangentially. The coefficients of moisture swelling and shrinkage in the case of tangentially sawn boards are approximately twice as high as in the case of radial sawing. In general, such boards are less durable, lower quality, but at the same time they can differ in a very beautiful pattern of fibers;
• The rustic method is something in between - the angle of inclination of the annual lines with respect to the plane of the product is in the range of 45 - 76˚. Also in this group can be attributed a mixed type of cutting, in which elements of arcs can occur, both in tangential sawing, and oblique and even perpendicular lines. In terms of properties, these groups are something between a radial and a tangential group;
• Central cut. It is produced in the center of the trunk and includes its core. Such boards are considered the least durable and most heterogeneous of all listed.

Log sawing methods.

Important! Most construction lumber is produced by rustic sawing, and there is also quite a lot of tangential board. When buying, you can easily distinguish them "by eye".

Sawing schemes

You should decide in advance on the scheme of work.

One of the most important tasks of the sawmiller is to choose the most rational cutting pattern. This will determine the compliance of materials with the goals set, the amount of output per unit volume of wood and, as a result, the profit of the enterprise.

The master must have impressive experience and a special flair for the material in order to determine in advance the order of work, where to start and how exactly to proceed in the process. Such a skill comes only with time as a result of long work at the sawmill.

There are three standard schemes cutting logs:

Sawing pattern	Peculiarities
Circular	After removing the first slab, the log is turned over 180˚ and placed on the resulting edge. It is then flipped 180˚ or 90˚ several more times in the process, usually at least five flips are practiced. This is the most rational and economically beneficial way, however, in the absence of mechanisms for overturning when using manual labor, the resulting productivity may be reduced.
Simple (through)	The log is sawn to the middle, then turned over 180˚ and finished sawing to the end. The scheme is as fast and simple as possible, but the boards are unedged, heavy and subject to maximum warpage. It is used for low-quality raw materials, for which the listed disadvantages are not so important.
Sawing timber	The process resembles circular work with the difference that the central part of the log is left in the form of a beam 25x25, 18x23, etc. The core is then transferred to further processing in the production line or is realized in the form of a bar. This method is considered productive and is used in industry when processing raw materials of medium and low quality.

The scheme of sawing logs on a band sawmill with a step-by-step guide.

Important! The sawing scheme is selected in accordance with the quality of raw materials, the purpose of the board and the capabilities of the equipment.

Sawing tool

Modern band sawmill.

Logging is done with a special tool. For normal work by today's standards, you need a special machine for cutting logs with your own hands, which is called a sawmill.

There are two types of sawmills: disc and band sawmills. Disk use circular saws and are considered less effective, since they have a large cut thickness (from 6 to 9 mm), lower accuracy and depth.

Disc sawmill.

The band sawmill is equipped with a different system: the saw is a band worn on rotating rollers. The cut thickness is approximately 1.5 - 3 mm, which is quite economical in terms of chip removal.

Modern models are characterized by high accuracy and productivity, they are automated and have a tilting mechanism for lifting and turning logs in case of circular sawing or sawing timber.

Using a chainsaw, you can only cut a log in half, but if you use a special frame, you can dissolve the log into boards right in the forest.

Working with a frame and a chainsaw.

Important! Band sawmill is considered the most efficient and cost-effective.

Conclusion

Sawing a log is considered one of the most complex and important tasks in logging and lumber production. The quality of products and the income of the enterprise depend on the chosen scheme, well-designed work procedure and tool preparation.

The video in this article will tell you about the types of sawmills and how to cut wood.

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How to learn to saw on a band sawmill

The tree has long been in great demand among humans. Houses were built from it, fortifications were erected. This substance is in great demand in our time not only for construction purposes, but also as a decorative material.

There is a huge amount of wood products, which are obtained mainly at sawmills. You can buy such products on the manufacturer's website skvagena.com.ua.

Getting Started

A band sawmill is a rather complex mechanism consisting of several parts:

• the frame of the sawmill, on which all its constituent parts are located;
• base for the tree in a horizontal position.

In order to start working with this type of sawmill, you first need:

1. 1 Familiarize yourself with all the main parts of the mechanism and learn how they work.
2. Learn to change the saw and start the device.
3. Get the skills to adjust the location of the tape relative to the horizontal plane. This factor is very important, since the size of the product obtained in the future depends on it.

It is advisable to start work under the supervision of a person who has extensive experience in performing this procedure.

cutting process

After you have learned how to turn on, configure and change some components of the system, you can proceed to the cutting itself. It is very important to figure out how best to position the log and how it is attached.

To do this, consult a specialist and let him instruct you, where you will see all the nuances step by step. Before starting the saw, be sure to check the tension of the band, as well as the level of its sharpening.

The quality of the resulting board depends on these parameters. The first few times, make a cut under the supervision of a specialist who will tell you all the nuances, since there are a lot of them and it is difficult to remember them the first time.

When cutting, the saw should enter the tree smoothly and without much pressure, otherwise this may lead to its breakage. Carry out the cut carefully, without sudden movements.

Remember that the quality of the products depends on the sharpening and setting of the teeth of the tape, its correct location on the machine and the location of the log on the frame. When performing such work, it is imperative to follow all safety regulations so as not to injure yourself and other workers in the workshop.

Only serviceable products should be used for these purposes, and the sawing process at the very beginning should be controlled by a specialist who will teach you all the tricks. You can watch the process in this video:

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Learning to saw at the sawmill correctly. Rules for working at the sawmill.

Rules for cutting with a band saw.

Each owner of a band sawmill, of course, counts primarily on two things: excellent performance, that is, high cutting accuracy, and a long service life of the band saw. Band cutting a saw is a quality, high efficiency at the long period of operation. With the right approach, this is quite realistic, moreover, this should be strived for.

First, you need to correctly assess your needs and choose the right band saw for the sawmill.

Secondly, as a rule, the reason for the low productivity of a band saw is its improper preparation and operation.

To make cutting with a band saw without problems, do not disregard factors such as:

Reduced feed rate when sawing;

Wrong blade shape;

Adhesion of resin on the canvas;

A defect in the setting of the teeth, when the tooth bend line is too low and passes along the saw blade, as a result, a wave occurs, the feed rate is forced to decrease, and, as a result, premature wear of the saw occurs.

It is possible to increase the strength of the band saw blade and, consequently, the period of its operation, if:

1) use special grinding devices;

2) in the process of sawing, it is necessary to control the tension of the saw, the width of the cut, the feed rate, the quality and cleanliness of the material being cut;

3) if possible, use logs of large (40-70 cm) diameter, it is easier to position them on the machine bed, when cutting them, the optimal amount of finished products is obtained;

4) select the tooth profile depending on the characteristics of the wood - this improves the quality and speed of sawing, reducing saw wear;

5) select the tooth setting and cutting speed depending on the moisture content of the material;
6) use, if possible, cleaned logs for sawing, since dirt, sand, stones irreversibly damage the blade. Use debarkers that remove the top outer layer of the log before the saw enters the wood;

7) Watch the tension of the band saw. Sufficient tension is important to optimize sawing speed and quality, and to prevent saw wear;

8) monitor the condition of the belts on the pulleys, with a high wear of the belts, the band saw blade and the pulley may come into contact, leading to a break in the saw 9) do not allow sawdust to accumulate on the belts and between the belt and the pulley - the resulting vibration wears out the saw;

10) the log feed speed should be as high as possible. Reducing the speed is fraught with the fact that the band saw moves idly, productivity decreases and the saw blade wears out;

11) high-quality cutting with a band saw is ensured by the machine settings, the condition of the bed, periodic adjustment of the pulleys and rollers (according to the manufacturer's recommendations).

Frozen wood sawing with bandsaws is a challenge for many operators, especially those without the necessary experience. It is especially unpleasant if the wood is not completely frozen, and there are unfrozen areas in the log, i.e. different densities.

Meanwhile, the problem is solved.

And yet, how to cut frozen wood on a band sawmill. Much, when sawing with band saws, depends on the correct selection and preparation of the band saw, much depends on the geometry of the tooth.

Firstly, saws designed specifically for sawing hard and frozen wood are very effective in this case (for example, Wood-Mizer band saws for wood with a 4/32 profile, or 9/29 “winter” profile saws)

Secondly, pay attention to the layout of the tooth. When working with frozen logs, it makes sense to reduce it to 15-18 or even less, to 12-14.

The operation of a band sawmill is usually affected by an individual combination of various factors, so if you are working with frozen wood for the first time, it is advisable to experiment. Using three saws, make three layouts: recommended, smaller, and even smaller. Work with all three saws, evaluate the result and then apply the optimal setting.

How to work on a band sawmill

Pro Tips

1. GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE MACHINE

The horizontal band saw machine is used for sawing wood of any hardness into boards, beams, rails. Sawing occurs by moving the saw frame with a cutting tool (band saw) along the fixed rail guides of the band sawmill.

The use of a band sawmill allows you to:

to produce boards with high surface quality from the material

receive a BOARD with an accuracy of 2 mm. with a length of 6 m;

band sawmill allows you to reduce waste by 2-3 times,

reduce energy costs;

quickly adjust the sawing size,

The band sawmill is capable of sawing short workpieces (from 1.0 meters) and producing products up to 2 millimeters thick.

the band sawmill works in the conditions of UHL 4 (GOST 15150-69). The band sawmill is equipped with an electromechanical type saw unit lift.

2. "Band sawmills" - work and device:

2.1 The main components and parts of the band sawmill:

A bed that moves along rail guides in a horizontal direction;

saw frame;

Raising the saw frame mechanism;

Electric cabinet;

log clamp;

Movable slider of the driven pulley;

Leading pulley;

Driven pulley;

V-belt transmission;

Rail guides of a band sawmill;

Tensioning band saw mechanism;

Band saw mounting socket;

Band saw sheave cover

coolant tank

Saw guide fixed

Saw guide movable

The bed of the band sawmill has a U-shape and soles with rollers for moving the saw frame along the rails and felt brushes that clean the guide from sawdust. The lifting of the saw frame is carried out by two sliders located on the racks of the bed. The movement is carried out by a two-way, synchronously connected chain transmission, driven by an electric motor, through a gearbox.

The frame is made of two channels, which are parallel and interconnected. On one end of the frame, the leading saw pulley is fixedly fixed, on the other end, the driven one, which has the possibility of longitudinal movement. The band saw blade is tensioned by a spring-screw mechanism, the spring dampens the thermal expansion of the saw band. In the manufacture of a band sawmill, the tension for a saw with a width of 35 centimeters is calibrated. The risks of the W tensioner housing and washer are equal to a tension force of 525 kilograms. In the front beam of the band sawmill and on the slider of the driven pulley there are two locks for removing and installing the saw band. On the brackets located in the middle of the frame, two band saw guides (movable and fixed) are installed, which are equipped with support rollers and an adjustment system and a bar. Torque is transmitted from the sawmill engine to the drive pulley - V-belt transmission. The coolant reservoir is fixed on top of the saw-bevel guard. The supply of liquid is regulated by taps located on the tank. The band sawmill control panel is located on the top jumper of the machine.

Guides collapsible from 3 sections, which is convenient for transportation. Below are the base plates into which the anchor bolts are screwed. On top of the guides of the band sawmill supports the logs. The log on rail guides is fixed with four screw clamps and a stop that provides 90 degrees.
3. ADJUSTING THE SAW PULLEYS

3.1. The machine provides for adjusting the position of both pulleys relative to each other in the horizontal and vertical planes. It is necessary to ensure that the band saw with a tension of 6-8 kg / mm sq. in cross section by one branch did not leave the rims of the saw pulleys.

3.2. First of all, the pulleys are adjusted in a vertical plane, exposing them at a right angle with respect to the saw frame. To do this, on the slider of the driven pulley, the Ml0 bolt is screwed in from below to its axis, and on the driving pulley, adjustment is carried out by installing spacer washers or plates. This operation is performed by the manufacturer.

3.3 To adjust the position of the saw pulleys of the horizontal plane, two bolts Ml2 are screwed into the ends of the frame from the side of the driving pulley, and one bolt is screwed to the axis of the driven pulley.

It is necessary to adjust the pulleys of the band sawmill in the following sequence:

3.3.1 Turn off the automatic power supply on the control panel.

3.3.2 Open the saw pulley guards.

3.3.3 Install the band saw on the pulleys in such a way that it protrudes beyond the edges of the pulleys by the value of the tooth height plus 2-5 mm.

3.3.4 Close the movable connectors (locks).

3.3.5 Tension the band saw by turning the nut of the tension mechanism to the optimum value for this type of band saw (based on 6-8 kg/mm2).

3.3.6. Turning the hand for the driven pulley in the direction of sawing (counterclockwise), you need to look at what position the band saw will take on the pulleys. If the tape runs outward by an equal amount from both pulleys, then without loosening the tension of the saw, release the lock nut Ml6, which secures the axis of the driven pulley to the saw frame (saw frame slider).

3.3.7 Then loosen the M12 lock nut and screw in the Ml2 bolt a small amount, then tighten the M12 lock nut and the M16 lock nut.

3.3.8 Repeat point 3.3.6 and if the tape runs off, repeat the adjustment until the correct result is obtained.

3.3.9 If the band runs inward by an even amount, then it is necessary to loosen the tension of the band saw.

3.3.10. Loosen the Ml6 lock nut, M12 lock nut and unscrew the M12 bolt a small amount, then tighten the M12 and M16 nuts.

3.3.11 If the tape has taken the position according to the instructions, then the adjustment is correct.

3.3.12 If the band saw immediately runs off the drive pulley during rotation, then the adjustment should be started from it.

3.3.13 To do this, depending on the direction from which the belt runs (outward or inward), loosen the left or right lock nuts Ml6 and adjust in the same sequence as on the driven pulley.

3.3.14 After adjustment, tighten all nuts.

3.3.15 Close the doors of the saw pulley covers.

3.3.16 Turn on the e-mail dispenser. energy on the control panel.

3.3.17 Briefly switch on the drive of the saw pulleys and make sure that the saw blade is in the correct position. The machine is ready to work.

4. REQUIREMENTS FOR SAW BANDS

1. During the operation of the band sawmill, in order to increase the service life of the band saw, it is necessary to properly tension it on the pulleys.

1.1 The amount of tension, depending on its width, is determined by the device "Tensometer".

1.2 Attention! The band saw should not be in operation for more than 2 hours. After this time, it must be removed from the machine and hung out in a free state for at least 24 hours to relieve fatigue stresses.

2 Use the correct lubricant for the band saw blade.

As a cutting fluid (coolant), in most cases, just water is enough, or water with the addition of detergent (“Fairy”, etc.). However, at low temperatures it is best to use a mixture of 50%-80% diesel or kerosene and 50%-20% motor oil or chainsaw tire oil. Good results when sawing conifers are also given by the use of turpentine.

In the case of using water as a coolant, it is necessary to wipe the pulleys and the belt with oil at the end of the work.

3. Always loosen the band saw tension.

When you're done, take the tension off the saw. When working, the blades heat up and stretch, and then when cooled, they shrink by tenths of a millimeter during each cooling period. Therefore, the belts left on the pulleys under load overload themselves, and the imprint of the two pulleys is formed on them, which causes cracks in the cavities between the teeth.

4. Use the correct tooth setting.

The setting is correct if you have 65-70% sawdust and 30-35% air in the space between the saw blade and the treated wood. If your tooth setting is too wide for the weight or thickness of the wood, there will be too much air in the cut and not enough sawdust. You will have excessive sawdust losses, and as a result, a large roughness of the processed wood. If the spread is not sufficient, you will not get enough air flow to remove sawdust from the kerf. Hot sawdust is a sign of this. This can cause the most devastating damage to the saw: operating intervals will be short, the saw will fail prematurely. The sawdust should be cold to the touch. And, finally, with insufficient divorce and the wrong sharpening angle, the saw will cut a wave on the board. From our point of view, you cannot work with the same set of teeth with logs of different diameters, timber and cant.

You must sort the timber.

For every 20-25 centimeters increase in size, it is necessary to increase the wiring by about 18%, depending on whether the wood is hard or soft, wet or dry. The only way to achieve the desired layout is to carry out control cuts of a certain log. Increase the set by 5-8 hundredths of a millimeter on each side until tooth marks are visible. This means that you are working with a 50/50 mixture of air and sawdust. After that, reduce the setting of the teeth by 8-10 hundredths on each side, and you will achieve the desired result. Note: You should only breed the top eight, not the middle or bottom. You don't want the gap between the teeth to fill completely when sawing. When you work with soft wood, whether wet or dry, the wood chips increase in volume by 4-7 times compared to their state at the cellular level. Hard woods, wet or dry, increase in volume only 1/2-3 times. This means that if you are sawing 45 cm pine logs, you will need to set your teeth 20% more than when sawing 45 cm oak logs. Always set teeth before sharpening.

5. Sharpen your saw properly.

There is only one way to sharpen band saws. The stone should travel down the surface of the tooth, around the base of the cavity between the teeth, and up along the back of the tooth in one continuous motion.

The space between the teeth (gallet) is not a sawdust bin. The power flow of air, the cooling of steel and the removal of sawdust depend on it.

If you have the correct set of teeth, the air is supplied along the log at the same speed as the saw, as a result, the sawdust is sucked into the gallet. The sawdust cools it considerably as it passes around the inside and outside of the next tooth. It is necessary that the space between the teeth be filled by 40%, which will provide the necessary cooling and increase the time of the saw.

6. Set the correct sharpening angle.

Thanks to the deep gutters, we can use reduced sharpening angles that transfer less heat to the tip of the tooth. The series uses a 10 Degree hook angle that is able to penetrate most medium hard to medium soft wood surfaces.

The general rule is this: the harder the wood, the smaller the sharpening angle.

Warning: Do not trust the scales and measuring rulers on your grinder!

The pins and guides on it wear out. In the course of work, the profile of the stone changes.

To control the correct sharpening angles, use a protractor. Attention; we recommend changing saw blades every two hours of continuous operation, while allowing them to rest for at least a day.

During the operation of the machine, it becomes necessary to regulate individual components in order to restore their normal operation.

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How to saw on a band sawmill

A band sawmill is a machine that produces boards and timber from wood that meet technical standards.

You can choose a quality machine for these purposes on the website http://www.enerteh.ru/catalog/lenpil/.

The nuances of work

To long time use a band sawmill quality work, it is necessary to choose a band saw depending on the goals and operate it correctly.

When working with a band saw, you should not ignore such points as:

• damage to the tooth setting;
• accumulation of resin on the saw;
• blade curvature;
• cutting feed slowdown.

A band sawmill is a machine whose operation is based on passing the saw blade through wood material, so the quality of work on it depends 9/10 on the correct fulfillment of the requirements for maintaining a band saw.

For this you need:

1. Feed the log at the highest speed to prevent idling of the saw leading to wear.
2. Timely clean the belts from sawdust to block vibration.
3. Check machine settings.
4. Adjust saw blade tension.
5. Select material for processing, cleaned of debris and contaminants.
6. Adjust the tooth setting according to the moisture content of the wood sheet.
7. It is better to work with large radius logs.
8. Use necessary tools for sharpening.

The main points in the work of the saw:

• tooth height;
• tooth alignment;
• hook angle;
• sharpness of the tooth.

The saw must be correctly mounted on the pulleys. The belts on the pulleys must be of the correct thickness to increase the life of the saw.

To work faster, it is important that the guide rollers are in the right position. With this, the saw blade will be firmly fixed when sawing and its performance will increase.

For high-quality operation of the band sawmill, it is necessary to abandon the use of water as a lubricant. To do this, it is better to take ½ diesel fuel and ½ chainsaw oil.

This solution must be sprayed on both sides of the saw blade. The quality of the saw will increase, and the amount of wood flowering will decrease.

For long-term operation of a band sawmill, it is necessary to monitor the saw layout, use a tooth shape specially created for high-quality work, and timely perform technical inspection and maintenance of the machine.

How to saw on a band sawmill taiga T1b:

How to properly cut a log on a band sawmill

Has your band sawmill been installed and made all the necessary adjustments? So it's time to proceed directly to the sawing process itself. In order to get really high-quality material, it is necessary to correctly install the log and fix it with special clamps.

The quality also depends on the correct calculation of the amount and type of material that you want to get from this log.

Having gained experience in the future, one glance at the log will be enough, and you will already know how much and what kind of material can be obtained from it. Learn to accurately determine where the top is and where the butt of the log is. The butt, as a rule, is larger in diameter than the top. And this largely affects the thickness of the slab.

How to calculate a log

So, you have measured the diameter of the log, and it is measured from the top. We calculate the approximate amount of material according to the diameter and proceed to further actions.

Firstly.

We pay attention to all the bends and bulges of the log - a perfectly even trunk is rare. Therefore, we try to turn it so as to get as little waste as possible from it, such as slabs. When the log is laid and fixed, it is worth making sure that it passes freely between the guide rollers.

Set the size on the ruler of the sawmill according to the diameter, and to this size add the greatest height of the bulge of the log. This is that bulge that is higher than the diameter of the top or narrowest part of the log.

Using a regular tape measure, measure the height of the highest part, and from this size you start counting the dimensions of the required material, taking into account the size per cut, which is from 2 to 5 mm.

Secondly.

As soon as the width of the cut reaches the required size, and the remaining height of the log has reached the desired size, it is turned over. That is, if you saw a beam, for example, at 150, then both the width of the cut and the height of the rest of the log should correspond to this value, even be larger, taking into account the removal of the slab.

To do this, after turning the log over, start the calculation from the final size to the full use of the log height, but do not forget to take into account the size of the cut, which, as we already know, is from 2 to 5 mm.

For example - you have a log on the overpass, which you cut to a size of 260 mm. Let's flip the log and continue.

The end result we want to achieve is a gun carriage with a thickness of 150 mm. Further, in a simple way, considering that 260 mm-150 mm \u003d 110 mm. We get as much as 110 mm of additional material thickness. And that is exactly what needs to be calculated.

We take this additional size and calculate, in order to obtain a chopping block, which has a size of 50 mm, 110-50=60, do not forget to cut, and in our case it is 2 mm, 60-2=58 mm, then the cleft, equal to 25 mm, 58 -25-2=31 mm, slab 20 mm, 31-20-2=9 mm.

As you can see, from our calculations, it turns out 9 mm slab, 20 mm slab, 25 mm cleft and 50 mm chopping block. And the final size will be 150 mm.

Possible mistakes

As you can see, there is nothing complicated here. Often, inexperienced sawmillers make a mistake in the calculations when they start counting from zero. For example, if the final size of the material is 150 mm, then there is no need to add 2 mm to the cut to it, otherwise it will turn out like this 150 + 2 = 152. There should not be such an error, the cut is calculated only between the material, for example, a 50 mm board and 150 mm carriage, we obtain as described above, 150 + 50 + 2 \u003d 202 mm.

If necessary, to obtain edged material, turn the log 90 degrees and perform the same manipulations that are described above.

So you sawed your first log, look at the quality of the material and the accuracy of the dimensions. Make sure your calculations are correct. The main mistake in the calculations is that they forget to take into account the size of the cut. Try to take into account this fact. And don't make those mistakes.

In the future, when you gain experience, the calculation will take place automatically in your head, it will be enough to look at the log.

We are confident that everything will work out for you, we wish you success in your work.

moyapodsobka.ru

How to use a ruler on a band sawmill

Hello dear readers and subscribers of Andrey Noak's blog. In this article I will tell you how to use the ruler on a band sawmill, as well as tell you useful tips from professionals.

The band sawmill allows you to cut lumber into battens, beams and boards according to the specified dimensions. The sawing process occurs due to the movement of the frame with the cutting device along the fixed guides.

My books

As many blog readers already know, I periodically release some usefulness and goodies, and this time I wrote such an e-book!

Work with technical specifications for the sale of lumber, for example, in the winter a third grade appeared, and in the summer (during the season) it disappeared and turned into the first grade;

In order for sawing at the sawmill to proceed without any problems and complaints, you should pay attention to the following factors that may arise during operation:

• Uniform material feed rate during operation;
• Correct blade shape
• Carrying out the correct wiring of the saw;
• Do not allow sticking of resinous substances on the canvas;
• Watch the saw teeth.

Measures to increase the period of operation of the band sawmill

1. For sharpening, use a specialized tool;
2. In the process of work, control the tension of the saw, monitor the width of the cut, the feed rate of the material, the quality and cleanliness of the cut;
3. If possible, use logs (lumber) from 40 to 70 cm in diameter. Such a log is easy to position on the frame. When sawing, an optimal yield of the finished material occurs;
4. Select the correct tooth profile for the wood being processed. This will reduce the wear of the saw and increase the speed and quality of the equipment;
5. Measure the moisture content of the material and only then select the tooth setting and select the correct cutting speed;
6. The use of debarkers. They, in turn, will process the upper surface of the log before sawing. This equipment will prevent sand, dirt and small stones from getting on the cutting part of the machine;
7. Pay attention to the tension of the tape. This will lead to the optimization of high-speed sawing modes, the quality of processing and will allow timely detection of wear of equipment parts;
8. Check belts both before and during machine operation for wear. With high wear on the drive belt, an unfavorable situation will occur when the blade comes into contact with the pulley. This will damage the saw;
9. Make sure that sawdust does not accumulate on the belts. This will lead to vibration, which in turn will affect the operation of the equipment;
10. The log must be fed as quickly as possible. Reducing the feed rate will cause the saw to idle. This will lead to reduced performance and increased saw wear;
11. During operation, monitor the equipment, the condition of the bed, adjust the pulleys and rollers. Carry out all work according to the recommendations. Do not violate safety rules while working.

Application of the electronic ruler

How to use a ruler on a band sawmill? This measuring tool will reduce the time for cutting logs. No need to count and figure out the dimensions. The ruler is easily attached to the machine. Operator productivity increases and there is no need to bother with mathematical calculations.



Line types:

• Wooden;
• metal;
• Sticker;
• Electronic.

There is a graduation on the ruler, by which you can know the thickness of the board, taking into account the cut.

An electronic ruler, compared to a wooden version, is an expensive tool. An electronic saw control unit is used as a scale. The principle is simple. Set the board thickness parameters and run. Operations are carried out automatically. I will describe in more detail how it all works in a new article.

Related videos

Andrei Noak was with you. Visit my blog and stay up to date with all the events. Subscribe to updates and invite your friends to check out my tips. Good luck and see you soon!

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Sawing logs on a band sawmill: tables, diagrams

For processing logs on a band sawmill, it is necessary to adhere to the accepted technology. Thus, you can get the maximum amount of quality materials - boards and timber. But first you should familiarize yourself with the basic rules of cutting.

Types of sawing wood

Scheme of sawing a log

At the first stage, a carriage is formed from a log. To do this, cuts are made on its two sides. In some cases, processing is performed on four sides. A map of the band cut of the workpiece is preliminarily drawn up, on which the dimensions of the components are indicated.

The determining parameter when choosing a scheme is the direction of processing the log. In particular, the movement of the cutting edge relative to annual rings. According to this, sawn timber of various qualities is formed, which have a unique appearance. Not only their aesthetic qualities depend on this, but also the price.

There are the following types of cuts:

• tangential. The cut is made tangentially relative to the annual rings. As a result, oblong patterns in the form of arches, rings are formed on the surface;
• radial. For its implementation, perpendicular processing along the annual rings is necessary. A feature is a uniform pattern;
• transverse. Processing occurs across the fibers, the cut pattern is an even cut of annual rings;
• rustic. It can be done at any angle, contains a certain amount of knots, sapwood or other similar defects.

Often in the woodworking industry, waste from band sawing of logs is used - slab. On the one hand, a flat plane, and the other remains unfinished.

To draw up the most accurate cutting, it is recommended to use special programs. They take into account not only the dimensions of the source material, but also the type of wood.

Sawing on a sawmill with a log rotation of 180 °

Cutting chart with 180° rotation

To form the maximum number of boards, it is recommended to use a technology in which some of the tape processing processes are rotated by 180°. This allows you to achieve the maximum number of lumber with different types of cuts.

The principle of processing is to make initial cuts along the edges of the log, which are at an angle of 90 ° relative to each other. They will serve as the basis for further tape cutting. Works are carried out on equipment with a vertical arrangement of cutting elements. The diameter of the trunk must be at least 26 centimeters.

Step by step workflow.

1. Processing of the side with the cut edge part. The result is two boards.
2. Turning the workpiece by 90°. The cut is made from the opposite side. The number of products varies from 3 to 4.
3. Repeated 90° turn. The main part of the source material is being processed. Depending on the planned ones, 7-8 blanks can be obtained.

Despite all its positive qualities, this method has one significant drawback - the low production speed. It is recommended to use it on equipment that has a block for automatically changing the position of the log relative to the cutting part of the machine.

A detailed scheme is most often used for the manufacture of rustic boards, which are subject to reduced quality requirements.

Sawing on a sawmill with a log rotation of 90 °

Types of sawing

For the manufacture of tangential and radial boards, it is recommended to use a different technique. It consists in systematic band processing of logs with simultaneous analysis of defects. Thus, products of the required quality can be obtained.

After delimbing, the workpiece is placed on the feed frame of the sawing machine. Then you need to do the following.

1. Removal of the primary slab. It is carried out until the width of the base is 110-115 mm.
2. Removing unedged boards with a thickness of about 28 mm.
3. If the number of defects on the surface exceeds the required level, the material is rotated by 90°. If the quality of the board is high enough, the next one is cut off.
4. Repetition of the operation.

A similar technique is applicable for processing installations that have one cutting surface or have the function of temporarily dismantling the rest.

With a sufficiently large number of defects, it is possible not to postpone the workpiece, but to perform its processing using the 180° turn method.

The above tape processing technique can be applied to create any configuration of wood products. Often, the core area is used to form a beam, and the remaining parts are used to make boards. But there may be exceptions - it all depends on the required shape of the blanks.

The quality of work is affected by the current state of the sawmill, the level of saw sharpening and processing speed. These factors must be taken into account before starting the production process. If necessary, preventive maintenance or repair of equipment is carried out.

Log sawing table

The video shows the method of sawing logs on a homemade band sawmill:

stanokgid.ru

do-it-yourself video installation instructions, how to properly cut wood in half, along, radial method, machine, calculation, diagram, photo and price

All photos from the article

Sawn logs are boards, timber, veneer and other wooden building materials known to us. The task of competent and efficient sawing of trunks is extremely relevant for independent or industrial logging, in addition, knowing the basics will help you choose the right lumber.

We will look at the main points regarding this topic and tell you how to properly cut a log on a band sawmill.

Sawing logs on a band sawmill is considered the most effective.

sawing logs

The main task

In the photo - a corner sawmill.

In the old days, whole tree trunks were used to build houses and other structures, from which the so-called log cabins were collected. However, the details of the cylindrical conical shape are not the best suited for construction, so boards and beams began to be made from logs.

The share of a solid log used in construction is vanishingly small, so the lumberjack must master the art of sawing wood into boards and timber, otherwise he will go bankrupt. This skill will also be useful to those who decide to do their own harvesting for the needs of private construction.

Wood is used mainly in the form of a board.

So, we are faced with the task of turning an ordinary log into the maximum amount of high-quality useful lumber with minimal energy, time and raw materials. That is, we must find a way in which efficiency will be maximum, and costs - minimal.

Here it should be said right away that the solution does not come down to solving a geometric rebus, in practice everything is much more complicated. Wood is a heterogeneous material, so the result is influenced by a large number of nuances and subtleties, which we will discuss in more detail in the following chapters.

The heterogeneity of the wood structure complicates the task of sawing it.

Important! The task of sawing is to obtain the maximum amount of high-quality lumber at minimum cost per unit of time.

Cutting methods

Special equipment will help you understand how to cut a log along.

As already mentioned, the correct calculation of sawing a log should take into account not only the geometric parameters and cutting, but also the heterogeneity of the material structure.

The fact is that wood manifests its properties differently depending on the orientation of the annual rings (layers): the processes of warping and deformation during drying are most pronounced along the layer, when the plane of the board coincides with the plane of the annual ring.

Not only beauty, but also quality depends on the cutting method.

To understand how to cut a log correctly, you should know the basic sawing methods:

• The radial method is considered the highest quality and differs in that the annual lines at the end of the board form an angle of 76 - 90˚ with respect to its plane, and the cut line passes through the core of the trunk like a radius. As a result, a board that is quite uniform in color and texture is obtained, which practically does not swell when moistened and does not deform during shrinkage. Radial sawn lumber is considered the highest quality, its price is the highest;
• The tangential method, on the contrary, is the least preferred and differs in that the lines of annual rings run almost parallel to the plane of the board or tangentially. The coefficients of moisture swelling and shrinkage in the case of tangentially sawn boards are approximately twice as high as in the case of radial sawing. In general, such boards are less durable, lower quality, but at the same time they can differ in a very beautiful pattern of fibers;
• The rustic method is something in between - the angle of inclination of the annual lines with respect to the plane of the product is in the range of 45 - 76˚. Also in this group can be attributed a mixed type of cutting, in which elements of arcs can occur, both in tangential sawing, and oblique and even perpendicular lines. In terms of properties, these groups are something between a radial and a tangential group;
• Central cut. It is produced in the center of the trunk and includes its core. Such boards are considered the least durable and most heterogeneous of all listed.

Log sawing methods.

Important! Most construction lumber is produced by rustic sawing, and there is also quite a lot of tangential board. When buying, you can easily distinguish them "by eye".

Sawing schemes

You should decide in advance on the scheme of work.

One of the most important tasks of the sawmiller is to choose the most rational cutting pattern. This will determine the compliance of materials with the goals set, the amount of output per unit volume of wood and, as a result, the profit of the enterprise.

The master must have impressive experience and a special flair for the material in order to determine in advance the order of work, where to start and how exactly to proceed in the process. Such a skill comes only with time as a result of long work at the sawmill.

There are three standard patterns for cutting logs:

Sawing pattern	Peculiarities
Circular	After removing the first slab, the log is turned over 180˚ and placed on the resulting edge. It is then flipped 180˚ or 90˚ several more times in the process, usually at least five flips are practiced. This is the most rational and economically beneficial way, however, in the absence of mechanisms for overturning when using manual labor, the resulting productivity may be reduced.
Simple (through)	The log is sawn to the middle, then turned over 180˚ and finished sawing to the end. The scheme is as fast and simple as possible, but the boards are unedged, heavy and subject to maximum warpage. It is used for low-quality raw materials, for which the listed disadvantages are not so important.
Sawing timber	The process resembles circular work with the difference that the central part of the log is left in the form of a beam 25x25, 18x23, etc. Further, the core is transferred for further processing in the production line or is sold in the form of a bar. This method is considered productive and is used in industry when processing raw materials of medium and low quality.

The scheme of sawing logs on a band sawmill with a step-by-step guide.

Important! The sawing scheme is selected in accordance with the quality of raw materials, the purpose of the board and the capabilities of the equipment.

Sawing tool

Modern band sawmill.

Logging is done with a special tool. For normal work by today's standards, you need a special machine for cutting logs with your own hands, which is called a sawmill.

There are two types of sawmills: disc and band sawmills. Circular saws use circular saws and are considered less efficient, as they have a large cut thickness (from 6 to 9 mm), less accuracy and depth.

Disc sawmill.

The band sawmill is equipped with a different system: the saw is a band worn on rotating rollers. The cut thickness is approximately 1.5 - 3 mm, which is quite economical in terms of chip removal.

Modern models are characterized by high accuracy and productivity, they are automated and have a tilting mechanism for lifting and turning logs in case of circular sawing or sawing timber.

Using a chainsaw, you can only cut a log in half, but if you use a special frame, you can dissolve the log into boards right in the forest.

Working with a frame and a chainsaw.

Important! Band sawmill is considered the most efficient and cost-effective.

Conclusion

Sawing a log is considered one of the most complex and important tasks in logging and lumber production. The quality of products and the income of the enterprise depend on the chosen scheme, well-designed work procedure and tool preparation.

The video in this article will tell you about the types of sawmills and how to cut wood.

rubankom.com

How to learn to saw on a band sawmill

The tree has long been in great demand among humans. Houses were built from it, fortifications were erected. This substance is in great demand in our time not only for construction purposes, but also as a decorative material.

There is a huge amount of wood products, which are obtained mainly at sawmills. You can buy such products on the manufacturer's website skvagena.com.ua.

Getting Started

A band sawmill is a rather complex mechanism consisting of several parts:

• the frame of the sawmill, on which all its constituent parts are located;
• base for the tree in a horizontal position.

In order to start working with this type of sawmill, you first need:

1. 1 Familiarize yourself with all the main parts of the mechanism and learn how they work.
2. Learn to change the saw and start the device.
3. Get the skills to adjust the location of the tape relative to the horizontal plane. This factor is very important, since the size of the product obtained in the future depends on it.

It is advisable to start work under the supervision of a person who has extensive experience in performing this procedure.

cutting process

After you have learned how to turn on, configure and change some components of the system, you can proceed to the cutting itself. It is very important to figure out how best to position the log and how it is attached.

To do this, consult a specialist and let him instruct you, where you will see all the nuances step by step. Before starting the saw, be sure to check the tension of the band, as well as the level of its sharpening.

The quality of the resulting board depends on these parameters. The first few times, make a cut under the supervision of a specialist who will tell you all the nuances, since there are a lot of them and it is difficult to remember them the first time.

When cutting, the saw should enter the tree smoothly and without much pressure, otherwise this may lead to its breakage. Carry out the cut carefully, without sudden movements.

Remember that the quality of the products depends on the sharpening and setting of the teeth of the tape, its correct location on the machine and the location of the log on the frame. When performing such work, it is imperative to follow all safety regulations so as not to injure yourself and other workers in the workshop.

Only serviceable products should be used for these purposes, and the sawing process at the very beginning should be controlled by a specialist who will teach you all the tricks. You can watch the process in this video:

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Learning to saw at the sawmill correctly. Rules for working at the sawmill.

Rules for cutting with a band saw.

Each owner of a band sawmill, of course, counts primarily on two things: excellent performance, that is, high cutting accuracy, and a long service life of the band saw. Band cutting a saw is a quality, high efficiency at the long period of operation. With the right approach, this is quite realistic, moreover, this should be strived for.

First, you need to correctly assess your needs and choose the right band saw for the sawmill.

Secondly, as a rule, the reason for the low productivity of a band saw is its improper preparation and operation.

To make cutting with a band saw without problems, do not disregard factors such as:

Reduced feed rate when sawing;

Wrong blade shape;

Adhesion of resin on the canvas;

A defect in the setting of the teeth, when the tooth bend line is too low and passes along the saw blade, as a result, a wave occurs, the feed rate is forced to decrease, and, as a result, premature wear of the saw occurs.

It is possible to increase the strength of the band saw blade and, consequently, the period of its operation, if:

1) use special grinding devices;

2) in the process of sawing, it is necessary to control the tension of the saw, the width of the cut, the feed rate, the quality and cleanliness of the material being cut;

3) if possible, use logs of large (40-70 cm) diameter, it is easier to position them on the machine bed, when cutting them, the optimal amount of finished products is obtained;

4) select the tooth profile depending on the characteristics of the wood - this improves the quality and speed of sawing, reducing saw wear;

5) select the tooth setting and cutting speed depending on the moisture content of the material;
6) use, if possible, cleaned logs for sawing, since dirt, sand, stones irreversibly damage the blade. Use debarkers that remove the top outer layer of the log before the saw enters the wood;

7) Watch the tension of the band saw. Sufficient tension is important to optimize sawing speed and quality, and to prevent saw wear;

8) monitor the condition of the belts on the pulleys, with a high wear of the belts, the band saw blade and the pulley may come into contact, leading to a break in the saw 9) do not allow sawdust to accumulate on the belts and between the belt and the pulley - the resulting vibration wears out the saw;

10) the log feed speed should be as high as possible. Reducing the speed is fraught with the fact that the band saw moves idly, productivity decreases and the saw blade wears out;

11) high-quality cutting with a band saw is ensured by the machine settings, the condition of the bed, periodic adjustment of the pulleys and rollers (according to the manufacturer's recommendations).

Frozen wood sawing with bandsaws is a challenge for many operators, especially those without the necessary experience. It is especially unpleasant if the wood is not completely frozen, and there are unfrozen areas in the log, i.e. different densities.

Meanwhile, the problem is solved.

And yet, how to cut frozen wood on a band sawmill. Much, when sawing with band saws, depends on the correct selection and preparation of the band saw, much depends on the geometry of the tooth.

Firstly, saws designed specifically for sawing hard and frozen wood are very effective in this case (for example, Wood-Mizer band saws for wood with a 4/32 profile, or 9/29 “winter” profile saws)

Secondly, pay attention to the layout of the tooth. When working with frozen logs, it makes sense to reduce it to 15-18 or even less, to 12-14.

The operation of a band sawmill is usually affected by an individual combination of various factors, so if you are working with frozen wood for the first time, it is advisable to experiment. Using three saws, make three layouts: recommended, smaller, and even smaller. Work with all three saws, evaluate the result and then apply the optimal setting.

How to work on a band sawmill

Pro Tips

1. GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE MACHINE

The horizontal band saw machine is used for sawing wood of any hardness into boards, beams, rails. Sawing occurs by moving the saw frame with a cutting tool (band saw) along the fixed rail guides of the band sawmill.

The use of a band sawmill allows you to:

to produce boards with high surface quality from the material

receive a BOARD with an accuracy of 2 mm. with a length of 6 m;

band sawmill allows you to reduce waste by 2-3 times,

reduce energy costs;

quickly adjust the sawing size,

The band sawmill is capable of sawing short workpieces (from 1.0 meters) and producing products up to 2 millimeters thick.

the band sawmill works in the conditions of UHL 4 (GOST 15150-69). The band sawmill is equipped with an electromechanical type saw unit lift.

2. "Band sawmills" - work and device:

2.1 The main components and parts of the band sawmill:

A bed that moves along rail guides in a horizontal direction;

saw frame;

Raising the saw frame mechanism;

Electric cabinet;

log clamp;

Movable slider of the driven pulley;

Leading pulley;

Driven pulley;

V-belt transmission;

Rail guides of a band sawmill;

Tensioning band saw mechanism;

Band saw mounting socket;

Band saw sheave cover

coolant tank

Saw guide fixed

Saw guide movable

The bed of the band sawmill has a U-shape and soles with rollers for moving the saw frame along the rails and felt brushes that clean the guide from sawdust. The lifting of the saw frame is carried out by two sliders located on the racks of the bed. The movement is carried out by a two-way, synchronously connected chain transmission, driven by an electric motor, through a gearbox.

The frame is made of two channels, which are parallel and interconnected. On one end of the frame, the leading saw pulley is fixedly fixed, on the other end, the driven one, which has the possibility of longitudinal movement. The band saw blade is tensioned by a spring-screw mechanism, the spring dampens the thermal expansion of the saw band. In the manufacture of a band sawmill, the tension for a saw with a width of 35 centimeters is calibrated. The risks of the W tensioner housing and washer are equal to a tension force of 525 kilograms. In the front beam of the band sawmill and on the slider of the driven pulley there are two locks for removing and installing the saw band. On the brackets located in the middle of the frame, two band saw guides (movable and fixed) are installed, which are equipped with support rollers and an adjustment system and a bar. Torque is transmitted from the sawmill engine to the drive pulley - V-belt transmission. The coolant reservoir is fixed on top of the saw-bevel guard. The supply of liquid is regulated by taps located on the tank. The band sawmill control panel is located on the top jumper of the machine.

Guides collapsible from 3 sections, which is convenient for transportation. Below are the base plates into which the anchor bolts are screwed. On top of the guides of the band sawmill supports the logs. The log on rail guides is fixed with four screw clamps and a stop that provides 90 degrees.
3. ADJUSTING THE SAW PULLEYS

3.1. The machine provides for adjusting the position of both pulleys relative to each other in the horizontal and vertical planes. It is necessary to ensure that the band saw with a tension of 6-8 kg / mm sq. in cross section by one branch did not leave the rims of the saw pulleys.

3.2. First of all, the pulleys are adjusted in a vertical plane, exposing them at a right angle with respect to the saw frame. To do this, on the slider of the driven pulley, the Ml0 bolt is screwed in from below to its axis, and on the driving pulley, adjustment is carried out by installing spacer washers or plates. This operation is performed by the manufacturer.

3.3 To adjust the position of the saw pulleys of the horizontal plane, two bolts Ml2 are screwed into the ends of the frame from the side of the driving pulley, and one bolt is screwed to the axis of the driven pulley.

It is necessary to adjust the pulleys of the band sawmill in the following sequence:

3.3.1 Turn off the automatic power supply on the control panel.

3.3.2 Open the saw pulley guards.

3.3.3 Install the band saw on the pulleys in such a way that it protrudes beyond the edges of the pulleys by the value of the tooth height plus 2-5 mm.

3.3.4 Close the movable connectors (locks).

3.3.5 Tension the band saw by turning the nut of the tension mechanism to the optimum value for this type of band saw (based on 6-8 kg/mm2).

3.3.6. Turning the hand for the driven pulley in the direction of sawing (counterclockwise), you need to look at what position the band saw will take on the pulleys. If the tape runs outward by an equal amount from both pulleys, then without loosening the tension of the saw, release the lock nut Ml6, which secures the axis of the driven pulley to the saw frame (saw frame slider).

3.3.7 Then loosen the M12 lock nut and screw in the Ml2 bolt a small amount, then tighten the M12 lock nut and the M16 lock nut.

3.3.8 Repeat point 3.3.6 and if the tape runs off, repeat the adjustment until the correct result is obtained.

3.3.9 If the band runs inward by an even amount, then it is necessary to loosen the tension of the band saw.

3.3.10. Loosen the Ml6 lock nut, M12 lock nut and unscrew the M12 bolt a small amount, then tighten the M12 and M16 nuts.

3.3.11 If the tape has taken the position according to the instructions, then the adjustment is correct.

3.3.12 If the band saw immediately runs off the drive pulley during rotation, then the adjustment should be started from it.

3.3.13 To do this, depending on the direction from which the belt runs (outward or inward), loosen the left or right lock nuts Ml6 and adjust in the same sequence as on the driven pulley.

3.3.14 After adjustment, tighten all nuts.

3.3.15 Close the doors of the saw pulley covers.

3.3.16 Turn on the e-mail dispenser. energy on the control panel.

3.3.17 Briefly switch on the drive of the saw pulleys and make sure that the saw blade is in the correct position. The machine is ready to work.

4. REQUIREMENTS FOR SAW BANDS

1. During the operation of the band sawmill, in order to increase the service life of the band saw, it is necessary to properly tension it on the pulleys.

1.1 The amount of tension, depending on its width, is determined by the device "Tensometer".

1.2 Attention! The band saw should not be in operation for more than 2 hours. After this time, it must be removed from the machine and hung out in a free state for at least 24 hours to relieve fatigue stresses.

2 Use the correct lubricant for the band saw blade.

As a cutting fluid (coolant), in most cases, just water is enough, or water with the addition of detergent (“Fairy”, etc.). However, at low temperatures it is best to use a mixture of 50%-80% diesel or kerosene and 50%-20% motor oil or chainsaw tire oil. Good results when sawing conifers are also given by the use of turpentine.

In the case of using water as a coolant, it is necessary to wipe the pulleys and the belt with oil at the end of the work.

3. Always loosen the band saw tension.

When you're done, take the tension off the saw. When working, the blades heat up and stretch, and then when cooled, they shrink by tenths of a millimeter during each cooling period. Therefore, the belts left on the pulleys under load overload themselves, and the imprint of the two pulleys is formed on them, which causes cracks in the cavities between the teeth.

4. Use the correct tooth setting.

The setting is correct if you have 65-70% sawdust and 30-35% air in the space between the saw blade and the treated wood. If your tooth setting is too wide for the weight or thickness of the wood, there will be too much air in the cut and not enough sawdust. You will have excessive sawdust losses, and as a result, a large roughness of the processed wood. If the spread is not sufficient, you will not get enough air flow to remove sawdust from the kerf. Hot sawdust is a sign of this. This can cause the most devastating damage to the saw: operating intervals will be short, the saw will fail prematurely. The sawdust should be cold to the touch. And, finally, with insufficient divorce and the wrong sharpening angle, the saw will cut a wave on the board. From our point of view, you cannot work with the same set of teeth with logs of different diameters, timber and cant.

You must sort the timber.

For every 20-25 centimeters increase in size, it is necessary to increase the wiring by about 18%, depending on whether the wood is hard or soft, wet or dry. The only way to achieve the desired layout is to carry out control cuts of a certain log. Increase the set by 5-8 hundredths of a millimeter on each side until tooth marks are visible. This means that you are working with a 50/50 mixture of air and sawdust. After that, reduce the setting of the teeth by 8-10 hundredths on each side, and you will achieve the desired result. Note: You should only breed the top eight, not the middle or bottom. You don't want the gap between the teeth to fill completely when sawing. When you work with soft wood, whether wet or dry, the wood chips increase in volume by 4-7 times compared to their state at the cellular level. Hard woods, wet or dry, increase in volume only 1/2-3 times. This means that if you are sawing 45 cm pine logs, you will need to set your teeth 20% more than when sawing 45 cm oak logs. Always set teeth before sharpening.

5. Sharpen your saw properly.

There is only one way to sharpen band saws. The stone should travel down the surface of the tooth, around the base of the cavity between the teeth, and up along the back of the tooth in one continuous motion.

The space between the teeth (gallet) is not a sawdust bin. The power flow of air, the cooling of steel and the removal of sawdust depend on it.

If you have the correct set of teeth, the air is supplied along the log at the same speed as the saw, as a result, the sawdust is sucked into the gallet. The sawdust cools it considerably as it passes around the inside and outside of the next tooth. It is necessary that the space between the teeth be filled by 40%, which will provide the necessary cooling and increase the time of the saw.

6. Set the correct sharpening angle.

Thanks to the deep gutters, we can use reduced sharpening angles that transfer less heat to the tip of the tooth. The series uses a 10 Degree hook angle that is able to penetrate most medium hard to medium soft wood surfaces.

The general rule is this: the harder the wood, the smaller the sharpening angle.

Warning: Do not trust the scales and measuring rulers on your grinder!

The pins and guides on it wear out. In the course of work, the profile of the stone changes.

To control the correct sharpening angles, use a protractor. Attention; we recommend changing saw blades every two hours of continuous operation, while allowing them to rest for at least a day.

During the operation of the machine, it becomes necessary to regulate individual components in order to restore their normal operation.

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How to saw on a band sawmill

A band sawmill is a machine that produces boards and timber from wood that meet technical standards.

You can choose a quality machine for these purposes on the website http://www.enerteh.ru/catalog/lenpil/.

The nuances of work

In order to use a band saw for a long time for high-quality work, it is necessary to choose a band saw depending on the goals and operate it correctly.

When working with a band saw, you should not ignore such points as:

• damage to the tooth setting;
• accumulation of resin on the saw;
• blade curvature;
• cutting feed slowdown.

A band sawmill is a machine whose operation is based on passing a saw blade through a wood material, so the quality of work on it depends 9/10 on the correct fulfillment of the requirements for maintaining a band saw.

For this you need:

1. Feed the log at the highest speed to prevent idling of the saw leading to wear.
2. Timely clean the belts from sawdust to block vibration.
3. Check machine settings.
4. Adjust saw blade tension.
5. Select material for processing, cleaned of debris and contaminants.
6. Adjust the tooth setting according to the moisture content of the wood sheet.
7. It is better to work with large radius logs.
8. Use the necessary sharpening tools.

The main points in the work of the saw:

• tooth height;
• tooth alignment;
• hook angle;
• sharpness of the tooth.

The saw must be correctly mounted on the pulleys. The belts on the pulleys must be of the correct thickness to increase the life of the saw.

To work faster, it is important that the guide rollers are in the right position. With this, the saw blade will be firmly fixed when sawing and its performance will increase.

For high-quality operation of the band sawmill, it is necessary to abandon the use of water as a lubricant. To do this, it is better to take ½ diesel fuel and ½ chainsaw oil.

This solution must be sprayed on both sides of the saw blade. The quality of the saw will increase, and the amount of wood flowering will decrease.

For long-term operation of a band sawmill, it is necessary to monitor the saw layout, use a tooth shape specially created for high-quality work, and timely perform technical inspection and maintenance of the machine.

How to saw on a band sawmill taiga T1b:

Wood as a product is very valuable. Wooden products surround you everywhere. However, before becoming a table, cabinet or bench on the street, a tree must go through a long process of processing. Wood materials - boards, beams, bars, are obtained by sawing. It is this work of the band sawmill that matters the most.

Frozen wood - how to saw on a band sawmill?

Frozen wood sawing with bandsaws is a challenge for many operators, especially those without the necessary experience. It is especially unpleasant if the wood is not completely frozen, and there are unfrozen areas in the log, i.e. different densities.
Meanwhile, the problem is solved.

And yet, how to cut frozen wood on a band sawmill. Much, when sawing with band saws, depends on the correct selection and preparation of the band saw, much depends on the geometry of the tooth.

Firstly, saws designed specifically for sawing hard and frozen wood are very effective in this case (for example, Wood-Mizer band saws for wood with a 4/32 profile, or 9/29 “winter” profile saws)
Secondly, pay attention to the layout of the tooth. When working with frozen logs, it makes sense to reduce it to 15-18 or even less, to 12-14.

The operation of a band sawmill is usually affected by an individual combination of various factors, so if you are working with frozen wood for the first time, it is advisable to experiment. Using three saws, make three layouts: recommended, smaller, and even smaller. Work with all three saws, evaluate the result and then apply the optimal setting

The work of the saw band of a band sawmill.

When using the saw blade for the first time, it is recommended to sharpen the saw after about an hour and a half. This sharpening should be done in three passes through the grinder. The first pass plays the role of an introductory one, the second one has a leveling function, the third one is an outgoing one. This procedure will serve to eliminate microcracks on the surface to be sharpened. After sharpening, experts advise hanging the saw for six to eight hours so that it can rest.
In order to avoid overheating of the saw blade, and also to avoid excessive fatigue, it is best to work with it for one to three hours (the time depends on the type of saw), then sharpen, and then leave the saw band to rest for about 12 hours.

In the process of sawing wood, high sawing parameters are sometimes set. This causes the saw teeth to overheat. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out proper cooling of the saw blade, and also, if possible, correct its tension, because when the temperature of the saw changes, its tension can also change. In summer, it is best to use water as a coolant, in winter, it is recommended to use diesel fuel for this purpose.

The operation in which the cutting ability of the saw blade is formed is called setting. In the process of setting, the tooth is pulled apart in the segment to the right, to the left, directly in relation to the saw body. The saw teeth must be set symmetrically, otherwise problems may arise in operation. The wiring begins at a height of two-thirds from the top of the blade.

For sawing hard or frozen wood, the recommended setting value on the side of the saw blade body is 0.3 - 0.4 mm. For sawing soft woods, this value is 0.5 - 0.7 mm.

Circular sawmill sawmill "Grizzly"

Sawmill "Grizzly" is the founder of angle sawing in Russia. The machine is designed for sawing various (both soft and hard) wood into cut boards of export quality, or timber. Successfully cuts larch.

Ideal for precious woods.
The design of the machine is unique.

Sawing is carried out using a mobile carriage along a fixed log. At the same time, on the carriage, at an angle of 90º, there are: one vertical and up to two horizontal discs, which allows you to get a maximum of radial cut. In one pass of the carriage, up to two edged products are obtained, which are fed back into the hands of the carriage by the operator.

The circular sawmill allows you to saw logs with a diameter of up to 1 meter without turning them over. This is done by sawing from top to bottom and from left to right, step by step, board by board. The operator can receive timber and boards from a log various sizes: vertically up to 250 mm in any configuration of the machine with vertical saw blades, namely a Ø765mm blade with removable teeth, and a Ø630mm blade with carbide tips. And horizontally up to 100mm, up to 170mm, when the machine is equipped with one vertical disc with a diameter of 630mm, and one horizontal disc with a diameter of 305mm to 450mm (with removable teeth or carbide soldering). This complete set of the machine allows to save on cut.

To obtain dimensions on sawn timber up to 250mm vertically and up to 200mm horizontally, the machine is equipped with one vertical disc with a diameter of 765 mm, and one horizontal disc with a diameter of 500mm.

Comments

Wood as a product is very valuable. Wooden products surround you everywhere. However, before becoming a table, cabinet or bench on the street, a tree must go through a long process of processing. Wood materials - boards, beams, bars, are obtained by sawing. It is this band saw work is of the greatest importance.

When sawing a log into boards, strive to get boards with a uniform density of wood. It is important that the direction of the cuts goes from east to west or vice versa. Since the north side of the log has a greater density, while the south side is looser. Medium boards have a uniform structure and are preferred when working in carpentry.

If the log is absolutely round, approximately the same thickness along the entire length and does not have outside no significant flaws, sawing is done quickly and with virtually no loss of valuable wood. First, cut the top and bottom sides, and then saw the rest of the trunk into boards of equal thickness.
In most cases, it is necessary to think over suitable sawing methods in order to increase the yield of the greatest number of quality and wide boards, regardless of their thickness and hidden advantages. When sawing on a band sawmill, this can be done by rotating the log 90o or 180o. First remove the slab. Next, remove the trim board. If there is a false core or defects on the bottom of the board in an amount exceeding the allowable ones, the log is rotated by 90o or 180o.

Remove the board again. If there are no defects, remove the additional board, etc. After you have removed all the side boards, a lumber remains, which is also sawn into boards of a fixed width. Flip the logs on the bed whenever the other side of the log, when cut, will produce boards of better quality than the one you are currently sawing.

Band sawmill Taiga T3 and its features

The Taiga T3 band sawmill is an electric sawmill designed for sawing logs into timber, carriage, edged and unedged boards, and so on.

Recommended to purchase additional

chief consumable for band sawmills are saws. Band saws require special attention, they need to be periodically sharpened and bred so that the resulting lumber is of high quality. Therefore, we additionally recommend purchasing with the Taiga T3 band sawmill:

Machine adjustable Taiga for band saws.
Grinding machine 220 V Taiga for band saws Taiga.
Bimetallic band saws, 4.290 m long, for the Taiga T3 sawmill.

And also, to adjust the rail track by level, we recommend purchasing a set of anchor bolts:

Box with adjustable supports for the installation of rail tracks.

Specifications Taiga T3
The maximum diameter of the sawn log, mm 900
The minimum diameter of the sawn log, mm 100
The length of the sawn log, mm 6500
Saw pulley diameter, mm 600
Productivity, m3 6-12
Saw band speed, m/s 30
Overall dimensions of the machine, mm
Length 930
Width 2000
Height 1700
Overall dimensions of the rail track, mm
Length 7900
Width 1060
Weight, kg 633
Volume, m3 3.55
Engine power, kW
Saw drive 11
Voltage, V 380
Raise-lower 0.55

Band sawmills and their work

In industry, three types of sawmills are most often used: frame type, circular saw blades and band saws (for example, Ritm-M, PLP-1, PLGR-700-6300). Let's take a closer look at each of these three types.
Frame-type sawmills are characterized by high energy consumption, low yield of finished products, a large amount of waste, the need to sort sawlogs by diameter, and require a massive foundation. As a rule, on the basis of this equipment, stationary sawmills are created with access roads equipped with lifting mechanisms, sorting yards, which occupy a large area, for sorting and packaging finished products, equipment for removal, temporary storage and disposal of waste. Thus, these complexes require serious financial investments to complete the sawmill site with the necessary additional equipment for the necessary uninterrupted operation of production.

Circular saw blades have a lower energy consumption than saw frames, there is no need for a massive foundation, there is the possibility of individual cutting of each deck. Complexes using this equipment have a fairly high performance. Unfortunately, the question arises of the need for waste disposal, since the cutting width of circular saws is 6-7 mm, therefore a large amount of sawdust is formed, as with frame saws. In addition, the cost of the machines themselves and circular saws high enough for them. Saw sharpening may only be carried out by highly qualified personnel.

Band sawmills are horizontal (Ritm-M, Ritm-1 PLGR-700-6300), vertical, or with an angled band saw. Installations using tapes up to 40 mm wide are, as a rule, relatively inexpensive and small-sized. These are sawmills with a capacity of 10-12 cubic meters of sawlogs per shift. In principle, they are designed for professional sawing and work with large sawlogs (800-1000mm). Sawmills using bands with a width of 35-50 mm are the most popular with the consumer, since these saws are relatively inexpensive. Their maintenance is reduced to timely sharpening and periodic setting of teeth. The performance of these operations does not require special qualifications of personnel. And the most expensive in this group of equipment is a band saw with a band of more than 60 mm. It requires a more serious approach to preparing the premises for work. The band saws themselves are produced with carbide tips, which provides for the staff to have special training and qualifications, since in addition to sharpening, such saws require periodic rolling of the blade on special equipment. All band sawmills are designed so that the cutting width does not exceed 2.4-2.6 mm, that is, there is a minimum of waste. Necessary condition work on a band sawmill - work with one tape no more than two hours. According to the recommendations of all manufacturers of band saws, it is necessary to change the tape every two hours of operation, regardless of whether it is blunt or not, and then give it a "rest" for 18-24 hours. One tape during normal inspection (timely, correctly sharpened and divorced) processes 60-80 cubic meters of sawlogs).