Modern water-based materials can be used for painting any surfaces, including those in rooms with high humidity where previously only oil paints could be used.
To obtain an even structure, it is necessary to qualitatively prepare the surface, for which the following steps are performed:
- Whitewash or old paint is removed. Before cleaning the surface of old materials with a spatula, it is necessary to process the ceiling twice hot water, after which the old paint is removed much easier;
- Water emulsion can be applied on old paint, but before performing work, it is necessary to wipe the ceiling with a damp cloth to remove dust and fine dirt. However, it should be remembered that in this case it will not be possible to achieve a perfectly flat surface;
- After the ceiling is freed from old materials, small cracks and pits are puttied, large cracks should be glued with a special cloth and plastered;
- The prepared surface is leveled with special plaster compositions. Irregularities of the plaster are removed with sandpaper;
- The final stage of preparation is the application of soil.
After the primer solution has dried, proceed to the main work.
Necessary tools and materials
High-quality application of water emulsion is impossible without special tools. To perform work in the kitchen, room, bathroom or toilet, purchase:
- Roller with faux fur skin;
- Flute brush. Required for painting the corners and the surface of the ceiling adjacent to the wall. The width of the brush should be from 7 to 10 cm;
- Rectangular container with ribbed cuvette. It is used to place a single portion of the material and roll out the roller;
- Mixer. Required for mixing water emulsion;
- Paper tape. With it, you can protect the surface of the wall from material ingress during work;
- Overalls. You will need a hat, glasses and a set of clothes.
If it is necessary to apply different colors to the wall surface, it is recommended to use different tools for each shade.
Selection and preparation of water-based paint
There are several types of paint of this type. Their difference lies in the presence of the main substance, which determines the parameters of the use of this material.
- Acrylic paints perfectly resist abrasion when washed, are odorless, suitable for painting almost all types of premises. The cost is average.
- Latex paints are among the most expensive, but this disadvantage is covered by improved properties. Surfaces painted with latex materials can be treated using household chemicals.
- Polyvinyl acetate paints are classified as inexpensive. Recommended only for dry rooms, do not use water for washing.
- A water emulsion based on silicate compositions is recommended for application on plastered surfaces or concrete.
- Silicone-based water emulsion is suitable for work in rooms with high humidity, as they have high vapor permeability.
Almost all of these paints are produced in two types: with the formation of a matte or glossy surface. To calculate how much paint is needed, you need to know the area of \u200b\u200bthe ceiling and the paint consumption indicated on the label.
Which roller to use
How to paint the ceiling water-based paint without divorce? Here, first of all, you should carefully approach the choice of instrument. The simplest and most reliable device for obtaining an ideal ceiling surface is a roller. Next simple tips will help you decide which roller to paint the ceiling with water-based paint.
It is advisable to select a tool with a long handle, which allows you to work without using a ladder. The fastening of the device must be reliable so that when applying force, the tool does not change its position.
There are many types of roller skins, but it is recommended to use only faux fur skins (pile length from 10 to 12 mm) for painting the ceiling. The skin should sit tightly on the base, and the junction should not stand out, and it is good when it is done tangentially.
Padding
Painting the ceiling with water-based paint begins with the application of primer to a previously prepared surface. Many people ignore this mandatory process, which leads to uneven coverage and streaks.
The primer improves the adhesion of the water-based emulsion to the plastered surface, as a result, the appearance of bubbles, microcracks, streaks and mold can be avoided. Such preparation also increases the duration of the preservation of the appearance of the ceiling after painting.
It is necessary to prime the surface with special compounds (primers), which are selected based on the composition of the water emulsion. So, for acrylic paint, acrylic primer is used, for silicone - silicone.
On the concrete surface at least three layers of soil are applied, and for plastered ceilings it will be enough to walk over the surface twice.
If there are no special formulations, you can use the water emulsion itself to prepare the primer. To do this, it is required to dilute the material in proportion: water emulsion - 1 part, water - 2 parts.
Coloring instructions
There are several ways to whitewash the ceiling with water-based paint without streaks; various tools are used for this purpose.
Coloring with a roller
You can get excellent coloring of the ceiling using a roller. This option is quite economical, while even a beginner can cope with the whole process. It is enough to adhere to the following tips, which explain how to step by step paint with this tool:
- Before painting, the room is prepared for work. It is advisable to glue the wall at the junction with the ceiling with paper tape so that the water emulsion does not fall on the wall;
- Items in the room should be covered with paper or film;
- Mix the material thoroughly, especially if a color dye is added to the white base;
- For the initial layer, a material of a thicker consistency is prepared than for subsequent layers;
- If small particles are found during mixing, you will have to strain the entire volume of paint through cheesecloth so that the surface of the ceiling is flawless;
- A strip 8-10 cm wide is applied with a brush along the perimeter of the ceiling;
- The prepared material is poured into a container suitable for the size of the roller. For rolling, a piece of flat plywood is used, but it is more efficient to use special containers equipped with a ribbed cuvette, which allow the tool to be evenly impregnated with paint;
- Coloring is carried out from the corner in strips of 40-50 cm wide. The initial layer is applied parallel to the window, the subsequent perpendicular. When working, maintain an inclination angle of 45 degrees. The painting of the next strip is carried out with an overlap on the previous one (about 100 mm is captured);
- It is necessary to take into account the drying time of the material (up to 20 minutes), so the entire amount of work should be done quickly, without being distracted by rest;
- The quality of the painting can be checked in good light, and if there is not enough daylight, a powerful flashlight is used;
- Each new layer can be applied only after the previous one has completely dried, usually not earlier than 12 hours after completion of work;
- Irregularities are sanded with fine-grained sandpaper, after which another leveling layer of paint is applied.
Painting in 2 layers. 
Painting in 3 layers. Spray painting
Using a paint sprayer allows you to get even painting of the ceiling, while the worker makes a minimum of effort. The disadvantages of this technology are quite high requirements to the power of the spray gun or spray gun.
The apparatus for spraying water-based paint must have a special compressor that is able to create the necessary pressure to force a rather thick liquid through the nozzle.
How to paint the ceiling with water-based paint using an airbrush correctly:
- To facilitate this process, dilution of water emulsion with water is often used. The water-based emulsion should be diluted in a one-to-one ratio, as a result of which, in order to obtain a beautiful coating, it will be necessary to apply at least three layers of a more liquid paint;
- Before starting work, it is recommended to adjust the sprayer on an unnecessary flat surface (a piece of plywood or drywall) in order to achieve the required coverage;
- The noticeable boundaries of the joining layers should be rubbed with fine sandpaper so that this defect is eliminated when applying the second layer;
- Spraying of paint is carried out at a distance of 50-55 cm from the surface to be painted, it is desirable to maintain a perpendicular inclination of the nozzle to the ceiling;
- The material is applied in squares, covering the surface first along, then across. Move on to the next section without delay to prevent excessive accumulation of material in one place. It is better not to completely paint over the area, since this drawback can be eliminated by closing the marriage with the following layers, and the thick layer will have to be cleaned and the entire volume redone.
Coloring with a brush
It is possible to paint the ceiling using a brush, but the result will certainly be disappointing. It will not be possible to avoid stains and uneven coloring of the surface.
Repairs made with a brush are possible in non-residential premises, such as pantries, but you will have to put up with increased paint consumption, since drops of material, even with the most careful control, will drain from the tool to the floor.
How to avoid divorce
Obtaining an ideal ceiling structure when painting is achieved not only correct technique performing the actual application of the material to the surface, but also the preliminary preparation of the room. You need to do the following:
- Turn off the heating or isolate the radiators by wrapping them with a dense material.
- Close all windows to prevent drafts.
- Good lighting should be organized to control the quality of work.
When painting with a roller, it is required to be at an angle of 45 degrees to the surface of the ceiling. This position allows you to control the uniformity of the application of the material. Each next strip should be slightly (up to 10 cm) on the previous strip, while the time between applying the first and second strip should not exceed 20 minutes. If you apply the material on a dried surface, the border will be visible.
The mistakes made are corrected with fine-grained sandpaper, after which the final coat of paint is applied.
Related videos
The most common way to decorate a ceiling is to whitewash or paint it. And the most used paint for this is water-based. Painting the ceiling with water-based paint at first glance seems to be a simple matter, but there are many subtleties, ignorance of which leads to the appearance of spots or stripes. How to avoid the appearance of such a nuisance, we will tell further.
Preparing for painting
In order for the independent painting of the ceiling with water-based paint to be of high quality and uniform, preliminary preparation of the ceiling is necessary. It is possible to achieve uniform coloring only on a flat, puttied surface. Therefore, before starting work, it is necessary to clean the ceiling from any previous coating (with the exception of a water-based emulsion, which holds very well).
How to remove whitewash
If you have whitewash on the ceiling - chalk or lime - you need to moisten the ceiling with water, and remove the coating with a spatula. Clean everything down to concrete. Even the smallest fragments must be removed. Sometimes it is very inconvenient to scrape small areas with a spatula, it is easier to do it with a wet rag.
In any case, after removing the whitewash, the ceiling should be washed with water and detergent. After complete drying, prime and putty with gypsum or cement (preferably white) putty to an even state, which is also called “under the egg”.
How to remove old water emulsion
If the ceiling has already been painted with a water-based emulsion, simply removing it will not work. The procedure depends on how the paint holds on the ceiling. If it just changed color and you need to update the ceiling, there are no swellings, cracks and other similar problems, you can get by with a little bloodshed. First - remove dust (with a cloth with water), dry, then primed. After the primer dries, you can paint. But once again we pay attention - this procedure is used only if the water emulsion is holding well and there are no defects.
Cleaning waterproof water-based emulsion from the ceiling is still a pleasure
If there are cracks, swellings on the surface of the water-based emulsion, it must be cleaned off. There are two ways - dry and wet. Dry is to clean with sandpaper (manually or using an angle grinder), wet is to wash off. This method has to be used for paint that is not afraid of water. But it is very difficult to clean off such paint. If the water-based paint holds well, no tricks help, but there are surface defects and putty is necessary, take coarse-grained sandpaper and make the surface rough. After that, you can putty. Further - according to technology: primer and then paint.
The ceiling painted with a water-based emulsion is washed off twice abundantly wetting with hot water. The water should be almost boiling water - about 70°C. After wetting part of the ceiling, wait 10 minutes, then again moisten the same area with hot water. After about five minutes, you can remove the paint with a spatula.
Removing old paint is a lengthy process
You can repeat this procedure several times, gradually removing lagging paint from the ceiling. Small residues can be cleaned with sandpaper, and then rinsed the ceiling, dried and primed. On the primer, it is already possible to putty, sand, leveling the imperfections.
Types of water-based paint
Water-based paint is a water-based emulsion that contains polymer particles undissolved in water. The composition also includes pigments and various additives that change the characteristics of the final product. After applying the paint, active evaporation of water occurs and a thin polymer film remains on the surface.
Painting the ceiling with water-based paint begins with the choice of composition. They use four types of polymers:
- Acrylic. Aqueous emulsion based on acrylic resins allows you to get a smooth surface, has good hiding power, hides small surface defects, up to cracks up to 1 mm wide. Its disadvantage is the high price, but it is easier to work with it. In its purest form acrylic compounds hygroscopic and can only be used for dry rooms, but they do not interfere with the passage of steam. To create a waterproof film, latex is added to the acrylic emulsion. The same additive increases the elasticity of the dried film. Such compositions can be used in wet areas.
Acrylic-based water emulsion - a smart choice
- silicates. This type of water-based paint is based on liquid glass. The coating is resistant to atmospheric precipitation and at the same time does not prevent the removal of vapors, has a long service life (10 years or more), and can be used for outdoor work.
Silicate paints are vapor-tight
- Minerals - lime or cement. Mineral water-based emulsions have good adhesion to any surface, but are quickly washed off. As a result, they are gradually losing popularity.
- Silicone. Silicone-based aqueous emulsions are the latest in industry. These compositions are good because they "tighten" cracks up to 2 mm thick. As a result, the surface painted by them, even without excellent preparation, is even and smooth. The film is dense, but vapor-permeable. Silicone water emulsion can be used to paint the ceiling in bathrooms and other wet areas. The disadvantage of this type of paint is the high price.
Latex may be added to any of the formulations. Latex water-based paint is water-repellent. It is not afraid of moisture, can be used in wet areas.
Based on the main characteristics of these compositions, you can choose for yourself best type water-based paint. Each case requires its own properties and the “best water emulsion” is different each time.
What primer to use
The primer is necessary for better adhesion (adhesion) of the paint to the surface to be painted. It allows you to avoid the appearance of cracks and swelling after the paint dries. If there is no primer, this can happen. Everything will have to be cleaned and re-puttyed. Because in order for the painting of the ceiling with water-based paint to be of high quality, it is necessary to prime the surface well.
The base of the primer must match the base paint. Under acrylic paint, a water-based emulsion requires the same primer, under silicone - based on silicones, etc. Moreover, it is advisable not to save: the quality of this composition depends on how smoothly the water emulsion will lie on the ceiling.
There is an economical way of priming: the main paint is diluted with water (1 to 2) and the surface is painted over with this composition a couple of times. It's certainly better than nothing, but the primer gives a more secure grip.
How to paint the ceiling with a water-based emulsion with your own hands
Each of the water-based paints on the bank has instructions for use. It describes how it works. Some formulations just need to be stirred well before work: undissolved polymers can settle at the bottom of the jar. Some formulations require dilution. The amount of water added is also prescribed in the instructions and depends on the method of application. Under spray guns, they are bred more strongly; when using a roller, thicker compositions are required.
When diluting the water emulsion with water, it must be added in small portions. After mixing thoroughly, test on a surface area. If the paint lays down evenly, almost completely paints over the base, you can paint.
It is more convenient to pour the paint into a special container with a tray and a ribbed platform. You can use an ordinary bowl and a clean piece of oilcloth spread nearby. It's not as convenient, but it's less expensive.
Which roller to choose
A roller for painting the ceiling with a water-based emulsion is needed with a dense short pile. You need to examine it carefully. The pile should “sit” firmly and in no case should it “climb out”, even if you pull on it. Then look at how the seam is made. In no case should it stand out. It must be hard to find. It is best if it is made obliquely.
Devote maximum attention to choosing a roller: the quality of painting - the absence of stripes on the ceiling - largely depends on how good you have chosen the tool. It is more convenient to whitewash the ceiling with a water-based emulsion not from a ladder, but from the floor. To do this, the roller is planted on a long handle and well fixed.
How to paint without streaks
To avoid streaks on the ceiling, painting the ceiling with water-based paint should be completed no later than 20 minutes. Immediately after application, water begins to actively absorb / evaporate, and stripes appear at the junction of the dried and “fresh” color. Therefore, it is desirable to prepare the room. It is necessary to turn off (wrap) the radiators, to prevent the appearance of a draft. It is also advisable to wash the floor immediately before whitewashing, even if you work during the day, turn on the lights, this will allow you to better control the quality of the painting. After that, you can get to work.
Ready-to-use water-based paint is poured into a container, a roller is dipped into it, then it is well rolled over the site, achieving uniform distribution over the entire surface. When the roller has a solid color, they begin to paint.
The corners are painted over with the first brush. After applying a little paint, take a small roller and roll it well. Then they begin to paint the main surface. The first layer is applied parallel to the window, the second - perpendicularly.
It is necessary to stand so as to look at the painted place at an angle. This will give you a good view of how evenly the paint has spread, as well as where you have already painted and where you haven't. Move systematically, without jumping from one piece to another.
The width of the strip to be painted at a time is slightly larger than the width of the roller. After wetting the roller, place it approximately in the middle of the strip. Roll the paint quickly in both directions from one wall to the other. Don't waste too much time, you don't have much. On average, the water emulsion dries up in 10-20 seconds. We didn’t have time to put a strip next to it before - the border will be clearly visible, from which you will not get rid of. Having distributed the paint more or less evenly over the strip, dip the roller into the paint, and again roll it from the middle of the ceiling. At the same time, go into the already painted strip by about 10 cm. All this at a good pace without stops and smoke breaks. The edges of the dyed strip should not dry out. In general, these are all the rules.
After applying the first coat of paint, some places may be less well painted over. It is necessary to wait for complete drying, and paint a second time. This should already be enough to get a flat surface. If even after the third layer of water-based paint you have stripes and stains on the ceiling, you will have to redo it again. It is necessary to level the surface with sandpaper, prime again and paint again.
What color
The easiest way to achieve perfect evenness of color is when using "snow white" paint. All pigments clearly highlight even small irregularities, so the process should be given maximum attention or use an acrylic or silicone-based water-based emulsion.
Repair work related to finishing ceiling structure, are of particular importance, since this surface is always in sight, so any defect will be visible immediately. Ceiling decoration can be carried out using a variety of paints, but the most popular today is water-based, as it is not only easy to work with, but also safe. But do not forget that this paint has its own characteristics, which consist not only in the composition, but also in the methods of application to the surface.
Features of the coloring composition
The main component of water-based paint is water. It is in it that the particles of the substance are dissolved. Some give a shade to the surface: these are pigments, while others contribute to the formation protective film. After applying the composition to the surface, the water evaporates and the substances dissolved in it form a strong film.
The composition of the paint can include a variety of substances that improve the properties of a particular species. Thickeners, antiseptics, antifreezes, defoamers and other additives are used as additives.
The source of the white color is most often zinc oxide. Sometimes titanium dioxide is added. In inexpensive brands, they use, like many years ago, chalk. Minerals such as barite, calcite, mica, talc are also used as dyes. In modern paints, as a rule, minerals can be added in a complex, thus improving the properties of the paint.
All water-based paints have a percentage of incoming substances, where the share of the film former is 50%, the share of pigments and fillers is 37%, plasticizers are 7%, and other additives are about 6%.
Varieties
To date, there are several varieties of water-based paint.
The most inexpensive are those that include a substance such as polyvinyl acetate. The emulsion based on polyvinyl acetate is used mainly in rooms with low level humidity, since this composition does not tolerate the effects of moisture: the surface treated with it cannot be washed.
For concrete and stone areas, paint is used, which includes liquid glass. This type belongs to silicate paints.
Paints based on silicone are able to level the surface with small cracks (up to 2 mm) without pre-treatment. The ceiling treated with silicone paint is resistant to water, so it can be used for the kitchen or bathroom.
Emulsions containing acrylic resins are suitable for any surface. The ceiling will turn into a flat surface, resistant to moisture, temperature changes. The composition of acrylic paints allows you to hide small cracks, and the surface itself is resistant to gentle detergents.
How to choose?
In order to choose the right paint, you need to pay attention to its characteristics indicated by the manufacturer on the can with this composition.
Manufacturers usually indicate the composition of the paint and the type of material. for which it is intended. For surfaces made of concrete, brick, stone, wood and drywall, there are different types of emulsions. The most versatile is acrylic paint. It is suitable for processing any surface, including for painting ceiling tiles. After all, it is not always possible and desirable to change the ceiling surface completely, sometimes it is enough just to update it, and paint with acrylic resins will perfectly cope with this task.
Manufacturers always indicate in the annotation for which rooms the paint is suitable. Here, the level of humidity in the room and the degree of required resistance of the surface to detergents play an important role. The antiseptic and antifungal components in the emulsion are of great importance if the ceiling is in a room with high humidity, which includes the bathroom. The presence of these components will protect the surface of the ceiling from mold and will extend the service life.
The choice of paint also depends on how you can take care of the ceiling surface after painting. Manufacturers produce three types of composition, on which the method of caring for the ceiling surface depends.
The composition that forms the washable coating is unsuitable for wet cleaning, so maintenance of such a ceiling can only be done with a dry cloth or vacuum cleaner. The remaining two types of indelible composition tolerate wet cleaning well. One type of composition does not tolerate the effects of detergents, so the surface of the ceiling is cleaned with plain water. And the other composition is resistant to cleaning agents, so the ceiling can be washed using a suitable product.
When choosing an emulsion, the degree of gloss of the ceiling surface is of no small importance.
Manufacturers produce a wide variety of paints that give the surface a matte, semi-matt, deep matte, glossy and semi-gloss shade.
Matte surface is suitable option for rooms where it is required to visually increase the height of the ceiling.
It also helps to hide some small flaws in the ceiling. But it is worth remembering that caring for such a ceiling is somewhat more difficult than for a glossy one. The glossy surface has a more presentable appearance, lasts longer, but any defect on it is noticeable. The golden mean is the choice of an emulsion that gives a semi-matt or semi-gloss surface to the ceiling.
Coverage (density) depends not only on the composition of the paint, but also on the material covered by the emulsion. The more uneven and loose the structure of the material, the more mixture will be needed to cover the ceiling surface.
When buying more than one can of paint, you should pay attention to the batch number: it affects the shade of the mixture. All purchased cans must be under the same number in order to exclude color variation on the ceiling surface.
Required Tools
For painting and preparing the ceiling surface, you will need to purchase a number of tools that you cannot do without during all the work.
The main tool for coating is paint roller. From right choice this tool depends on the quality of the coating.
To date, there are many of the most diverse in size and material for the manufacture of rollers. Foam rollers are the least suitable for applying paint, since bubbles can form on the ceiling surface due to the porosity of the material. The spinning base of velor allows you to use the mixture economically, but such rollers require perfect surface preparation.
The best option is a roller with a fur base, where the pile can be either medium or higher middle length. A short pile roller is unable to absorb right amount paint, so you have to dip it in paint more often. Long pile rollers have a different problem: they absorb too much emulsion. Because of this, smudges can form on the surface.
Rollers are used to paint a large surface area, and in order to paint over hard-to-reach places (corners, seams, joints), it is better to use small-width brushes. As a rule, a pile base width of 4 cm is sufficient.
You can also apply paint with a very convenient device - an airbrush. This tool is not only convenient to use, but also allows you to apply a layer of paint fairly evenly and quickly.
But it is worth remembering that the spray gun is more expensive than a regular roller. If painting the ceiling is not the main activity, then it is better to limit yourself to buying cheaper tools.
Using a brush or roller, it is impossible to do without a cuvette. It helps to save paint. This container consists of two compartments. Paint is poured into one, and the other with a corrugated side allows it to be distributed over the entire surface of the base of the roller. The paint lays evenly on the ceiling surface without smudges, the excess mixture remains in the cuvette.
An important fixture when painting the ceiling is a stepladder. The presence of a ladder allows you to get closer to the ceiling surface at the most convenient distance. But do not forget that the stepladder will have to be moved from time to time. In order to facilitate the work, you can use a special roller with a telescopic handle.
A stepladder or a table paired with a stool will help not only with painting, but also with preparing the surface for it. Stable classic version a table with four legs will perfectly support the weight of a person.
To prepare the ceiling surface, you need a plastic film. By covering all surfaces and furniture that cannot be removed with it, paint splashes can be avoided.
For preparatory work other tools may also be required. Cleaning and further preparation is carried out with a spatula, sandpaper, a bucket and a foam rubber sponge.
Training
Before preparatory work, one rule must be understood: any old coating needs to be removed, since there is a high probability of old paint peeling off when applying a new coating. Regardless of whether the old layer is good or bad, and what kind of paint was on the ceiling.
Properly Prepared ceiling covering is the key to an even, smooth and flawless surface. As preparatory measures, it is necessary, if possible, to take out the existing furniture in the room and cover the open surfaces with film or old newspapers. Masking tape can be used to fix protective coatings. Now you should start preparing the ceiling, using suitable tools for these works.
How to clean the surface?
Ceiling cleaning is always done depending on the type of paint. Surfaces coated with water-based paints or pasted with wallpaper are the easiest to clean. A ceiling coated with solvent-based paint is more difficult to clean, but it will still have to be removed.
Any cleaning should begin by wetting the surface using a roller or hand sprayer.
In order to remove the easily lagging old layer, it is enough to keep the surface moist for 20-30 minutes. For difficultly lagging layers, it is better to increase the moistening time, and to facilitate the task, you can open the windows and doors in the room, arranging a draft.
The swollen layer of paint must be cleaned off with a spatula. With solvent-based paints, it will not be possible to quickly clean the surface, you will have to tinker. To facilitate, you can use solvents or other agents that help in the processing of this surface.
After that, it is necessary to wash off the remnants of paint or wallpaper using water and a sponge. The dried surface should be carefully examined for the presence of various stains. Effective means can be used to remove them. These include a 3% solution of hydrochloric acid, a 5% solution of copper sulfate and a composition in which lime is present with denatured alcohol in an amount of 50 ml.
How to make the base even?
In order to level the ceiling surface and give it a smooth shape, it is necessary to use fine-grained gypsum putty. It is plastic and holds well on all materials. First you need to treat the ceiling with a primer. In addition, existing cracks need to be puttied.
Next, you can proceed to the continuous application of putty using a special wide spatula. A spatula is also used to take the mixture from the container, but its surface has a narrower base compared to the main tool. With a product with a narrow base, the mixture is collected, and then transferred to the main tool. Only after that is applied to the ceiling surface.
At the end of the leveling process, you need to wait for the surface to dry. After you can start grinding the ceiling. For this work, a special abrasive mesh is used, which has small cells. Thanks to this cellular structure, the surface becomes even and very smooth.
Primer application
Surface treatment of the ceiling surface before the direct application of the emulsion is a must. The emulsion adheres better to the surface of the ceiling. In addition, the possibility of such defects as cracks and swelling of the applied layer is excluded.
Each emulsion has its own type of primer. The main substances involved in the formation of a film on the surface must be identical to the substances contained in the primer. But you can prepare a solution for priming the surface yourself. To do this, simply dilute the prepared paint with water in equal proportions.
For 1 liter of paint, 1 liter of water is taken, everything is thoroughly mixed. You can proceed with the primer, using a roller for a larger area and a brush for corners and joints.
It is better to prime the surface several times. As a rule, two times is enough to prepare the ceiling for painting. After each primer, it is necessary to wait until the layer is completely dry.
How to dissolve the material?
Before painting, be sure to check the consistency of the mixture. Water-based paint is bottled by manufacturers in cans, which indicate how much water needs to be added before use. As a rule, water should be added immediately before painting, after stirring the contents of the can. The amount of water added to the container should not be more than 10% of the total mass of the emulsion.
The degree of concentration also depends on the type of painting tools used. For an airbrush, it is necessary to dilute the paint in a larger amount than for a conventional roller or brush.
The process of mixing the mixture and diluting should be slow and gradual. Water is poured into the container in small portions, thoroughly stirred. There should be no clots or lumps in the mixture. Before painting the main surface, it is advisable to check the consistency of the prepared emulsion in a small area. Only then can you start the main painting.
There is an indicator that affects the cost of work and the density of the layer. At different types emulsions have their own consumption per 1 m2.
This table shows the consumption for the first layer applied to the ceiling surface. The second coat requires less paint, so all of the above values are lower:
Coloring technology
Observing certain rules and following step by step instructions, can be achieved quality coverage ceiling surface with your own hands.
Any painting, as a rule, starts from a certain place. The ceiling surface is no exception. In this case, you first need to paint the joints of the ceiling plate with the wall, starting from the far corner relative to the door. To do this, you need to walk around the perimeter of the surface with a brush with paint. The width of the painted surface should be at least 5 cm. Such a margin will protect problem areas from excess paint.
The main stage of work is carried out in three passes. The direction in which the layer will lay down depends appearance surfaces.
The main application of the layer should be started perpendicular to the window opening. The starting point is at the window. In the next stage, paint should be applied in a different direction, namely, parallel to the window. The final application of the layer must be carried out in the direction of the window, starting from the doorway.
After applying the first layer of emulsion, it is necessary to withstand a certain time. As a rule, the ceiling surface dries for at least 8-12 hours. Apply the second layer should not be earlier than a certain period.
During the drying of the ceiling, it is necessary to exclude the possibility of sunlight on the surface. In addition, during this period, it is worth taking care of the absence of drafts, otherwise spots may form on the surface, and the ceiling will have to be repainted.
Do not forget that the use of additional heating devices to speed up drying will lead to disastrous results. It is optimal to dry in natural conditions.
The step by step process of painting the ceiling is as follows:
- A small amount of paint mixed and brought to a certain consistency is poured from a can into a cuvette. The prepared roller is wetted in the mixture and then, to evenly distribute the composition, it is carried out over the corrugated surface.
- The layer overlay starts from the far corner, located on the left side of the window opening. Carefully paint over the ceiling. After the first run, we change direction, while monitoring the quality of the layer. A correctly applied layer should be homogeneous, without visible transitions.
- If excess paint appears on the surface, then they can be removed by rolling the roller over the corrugated surface of the cuvette.
- Before the third time, you can change the rotating part of the roller to a new one. This will help improve the quality of the layer.
Is it possible to paint over whitewash?
Very often people have a question: is it possible to paint the ceiling surface if it has an old layer of whitewash that holds well? How will the new emulsion layer lay down? Will he hold on long time?
It is better to clean the surface of the old layer, but if it has a low density and holds tight enough, and the surface itself is free of defects, then the ceiling can be painted without removing the previous layer. This approach to surface painting will even save not only cash, but also the time required to apply the second layer of emulsion.
But there are some nuances that must be taken into account before applying the paint. For better adhesion, a primer should be applied to the old layer.
It does not make sense to paint the ceiling on the old whitewash, if there are even small rust spots or ordinary smudges on it.
A thick layer of old whitewash is best peeled off to prevent shedding or peeling off a new layer of paint.
Painting the ceiling takes a lot of time, so every person wants the process to go through without spending extra money and effort, and the result is pleasing. But incidents do happen sometimes. In order to avoid some mistakes, there are a number of recommendations, following which you can avoid many problems.
In order to paint the ceiling without streaks and ugly stripes, you need to keep track of time. It is better to allocate no more than 20 minutes for painting the surface.
After this time, the water contained in the emulsion begins to evaporate intensively, and visible transitions may form at the joints of the dried layer.
The presence of good lighting makes it possible to view the painted surface from any angle. You need to turn on the lights even in the daytime. This way you can control the places where the paint is applied without missing even a small area. It is worth remembering also about the heating system, it is better to cover the batteries.
But sometimes the paint is unevenly distributed over the surface, after which areas are formed with shades that are different from the rest of the surface. To avoid such an error, it is necessary to observe the direction when staining.
You should not immediately correct such an oversight: you need to wait a while, let the layer dry. Only then can you paint over problem areas.
Re-painting is not always able to correct the situation, so sometimes you have to clean problem areas with sandpaper. Only a new coat of paint will help to refresh the surface. If all efforts are in vain, you will have to repaint the ceiling again, and clean and wash the surface again before painting.
For information on how to properly prepare and paint the ceiling with water-based paint, see the following video.
Starting to repair your home, whether it be city apartment or a house in the countryside, everyone understands that the most difficult step in this case will be finishing the ceiling. Modern companies specializing in apartment renovation offer a wide variety of options for this: ceiling tiles or wallpaper, stretch or dropped ceilings etc. But not every householder can afford their services. Therefore, do-it-yourself is still relevant.
Until recently, such a type of ceiling decoration as was especially popular. But with the development of new repair technologies, this method is resorted to less and less. This is due to the fact that, despite its cheapness and the harmonious combination of a snow-white ceiling with any type of interior, many are not satisfied with the laboriousness of preparatory work. In addition, the whitewashed surface quickly becomes dirty and loses its attractive appearance.
Today, painting the ceiling with water-based paint continues to be one of the most popular ways to finish it. Unlike whitewash, the surface painted with it retains its aesthetic appearance for a longer time. In addition, it allows for quick and easy maintenance of the ceiling surface.
This is one of the cheapest repair options. In its composition, this paint is a suspension based on polymer particles and pigment substances dissolved in water. Its peculiarity lies in the fact that after application to the surface, intensive evaporation of water occurs, and the polymers form a coating with high resistance to moisture. Water-based paint is an environmentally friendly material that does not cause allergic reactions and negative effects on the human body.
The choice of water-based paint for the ceiling
If you decide that the best option for you is to paint the ceiling with your own hands using water-based paint, then you have a difficult task: to choose from a huge assortment of goods that would suit you in terms of price and quality. Today on the consumer market you can find emulsion paints with various additives:
- acrylic,
- acrylic with the addition of latex,
- based on polyvinyl acetate,
- with silicone or silicate base,
- with mineral content.
The cheapest of them - polyvinyl acetate. But they can only be used in dry rooms. Ceilings painted with such paint cannot be washed.
Paints with the addition of latex- the most expensive. They have a number of advantages, such as the possibility of wet care using detergents, obtaining a smooth, beautiful surface, etc.
Acrylic water-based paints- the most sought after. They can be used in almost any room, they have increased resistance to abrasion during washing.
Silicate paints(liquid glass) are widely used for painting plastered, stone or concrete surfaces.
How to choose a water-based paint so that it has high strength characteristics, gives a beautiful surface after painting, etc. By the names of the paint offered for sale in jars, it is difficult to understand how one type differs from another, and what are their advantages. Moreover, the seller himself often tries to sell, first of all, the product that is more expensive, without thinking too much about its quality.
Read the label
Therefore, in order not to make a mistake with the choice, you should carefully read what is written in the annotation on the label of a can of water-based paint. In it, the manufacturer states:
- What type of work is it intended for?
- What is the consumption of paint square meter(which is very important to determine the required amount),
- The degree of coverage (the ability of paint to cover a dark background with white, in the form of a continuous canvas),
- Its resistance to abrasion during wet cleaning, etc.
Be sure to pay attention to what is written in small print. Most often, basic information about technical specifications the paint is enclosed there. For example, if the annotation says that the paint has:
- "High resistance to dry abrasion"- this means that the surface painted with such paint cannot be washed, but can only be wiped with a dry cloth or a vacuum cleaner can be used.
- "Use in dry rooms with reduced operational load". This inscription indicates that the water-based emulsion is not suitable for painting kitchens, with a large amount of greasy fumes from cooked food, as well as in bathrooms where there is high humidity.
- "High abrasion resistance, indelible"- the ceiling painted with such paint can be washed with water without the use of detergents.
- "Stain-repellent, high abrasion resistance with intensive washing". This best view water-based paint. Surfaces coated with this type of paint may be washed using gentle detergents.
Water-based paints can be glossy and semi-gloss, matte and semi-gloss. Their difference lies in the fact that matte paints slightly mask small surface defects and visually increase the height of the room. But they are difficult to wash. The surface covered with glossy paint is easier to clean, it is more resistant to abrasion, but small cracks and other flaws in the ceiling are noticeable on it. The best option– choice of semi-gloss or semi-gloss paint.
Another important point. It is necessary to purchase water-based paint in a store that has an insulated warehouse. The fact is that when freezing, the structure of the paint is disturbed, which is no longer restored when it is thawed. And this means that the acquired paint has lost all its useful properties.
It is recommended to use water-based paint, the purpose of which is to paint the ceiling. It is perfectly distributed over the surface, practically does not drip, and has excellent adhesion.
Preparing the ceiling for painting
Before proceeding with painting the ceiling surface with water-based paint, it is necessary to carry out preparatory work. To begin with, it must be freed from whitewashing or layers of old paint. To get rid of chalk or lime whitewash, you will need to moisten it with plenty of water using a paint roller, and then scrape it off using a chisel or steel spatula. Finally, wash the ceiling with a sponge.
Removing the old layer of paint
To update the ceiling, painted with water-based paint, it will take much more time to carry out the preparatory work. This is due to the fact that the process of removing the previous painting is quite laborious, since the layers of old paint practically do not dissolve in water, and therefore it is not possible to scrape them off the ceiling completely. Most often, this work comes down to removing areas of peeling paint with a spatula.
To facilitate this not entirely pleasant work, you can use the following technique: moisten the old coating with plenty of water using a water spray or foam roller. Repeat this procedure twice with an interval of twenty minutes. The moisture should soak the old coating well. Then you need to create a draft by opening all doors and windows. A layer swollen with water forms blisters, and it will not be difficult to remove the old water-based paint with a spatula.
This work must be done very quickly so that the surface to be treated does not have time to dry. After that, it is necessary to treat stains from smudges and rust with a 5% solution of copper sulfate. If there are stubborn stains on the ceiling, use one of the following compounds:
- a solution of hydrochloric acid, two or three percent concentration (carefully, trying to prevent the acid from getting on the skin, wipe the stains);
- a solution of 20 parts of crushed lime, diluted with one part of drying oil,
- a thick solution of water and lime with the addition of denatured alcohol (about 50 ml).
Any of the last two mixtures is applied for 10-15 minutes on pollution. Repeat until they are completely removed. Usually two treatments are enough.
If your ceiling is up current repair whitewashing was applied - (there you will also find information on how to find out what the ceiling was painted with earlier).
Ceiling leveling
As soon as the ceiling surface is completely cleaned, it is necessary to level it. A thin-layer putty is best suited for this, which has good adhesion properties, has excellent ductility and gives a smooth surface that can be easily sanded with fine-grained sandpaper. Apply putty to the ceiling using a spatula.
Often, the ceiling is leveled by applying a special whitewash putty on an oil-adhesive basis, which is evenly distributed over the surface with a roller, brush or spatula. Before this, it is necessary to repair all cracks and crevices in the ceiling, filling them with the prepared composition. In order for the putty to completely fill the gaps, they must be slightly expanded before applying it.
Primer
The next preparatory operation is the priming of the surface, which is performed with the same paint. It is applied in a thin layer. She is allowed to dry well so that the putty does not come off.
The main stage of painting
Painting tools
To perform high-quality painting of the ceiling with paint based on an aqueous emulsion, you will need:
- paint brush for painting butt joints between the wall and ceiling, as well as corners;
- narrow brush for correction;
- fur, long pile roller,
- paint bath,
- ribbed surface for uniform distribution of paint over the surface of the roller.
Staining rules
just as with whitewashing with chalk, it is better to apply the first layer of paint parallel to the rays of light from the window, and the second - parallel to the window frame
Many do not know how to paint the ceiling with water-based paint correctly. Most of the time they don't take into account at run time painting works, the direction of the light flux and many other nuances. Therefore, the painted surface is uneven, with stripes from the passage of a brush or roller, with lighter or darker spots. To prevent this from happening to you, follow the following rules.
- It is always necessary to start painting from the corners and joints between the wall and the ceiling. In this case, the farthest corner relative to front door. To do this, a wide paint brush is wetted halfway in the paint, then squeezed lightly to remove the excess. A passage is made along the entire perimeter, with a width of 3 to 5 cm. Due to this, with further painting with a roller, the junction of the ceiling and the walls, as well as the corners, will not be damaged.
- The main whitewashing of the ceiling with water-based paint is carried out with a roller. It is applied in three passes, no matter what type of paint is selected. In this case, the very first pass of paint is carried out parallel to the rays of light falling from the window. The second in a perpendicular direction to it. The latter - should always be directed towards the window.
- Each subsequent staining is carried out only on a well-dried previous layer. This takes 8 to 12 hours.
Coloring technology
- In a bath filled with paint, moisten the roller, and run three or four times over a rough surface. This will allow the paint to spread evenly over the roller.
- Make the first pass on the ceiling section. Starting from the corner on the left side of the wall opposite the window.
- Move the roller from left to right. Then change direction. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the paint lays down in an even layer, without visible transitions. You can move the roller and W-shaped movements.
- The following technique will help to remove excess applied paint: when there is no more paint left on the roller, pass it over the painted surface. He will absorb all the surplus.
- In the process of performing painting work, use a directed bright beam of light to check the quality of the painting.
- The use of a new roller during the last painting will allow a uniform surface to be obtained.
- Until the paint is completely dry, drafts are not allowed in the room. It is advisable to protect the painted surface from direct sunlight. This will help prevent stains. Do not try to dry the painted surface with electrical appliances.
Features of painting a plastered surface
The ceiling, on which the plaster is applied, can be painted using a special spray gun or a conventional vacuum cleaner. They give a high-quality, uniform distribution of paint on the plastered ceiling surface. At the same time, it lays down in a thin, even layer. It is best to paint with an airbrush on a primer already made with a roller or brush.
Affordable cost and execution technique painting the ceiling with water-based paint do-it-yourself requires some preparation. There are some nuances in applying paint to the ceiling, and in choosing tools for work. In addition, the success of the repair also depends on the condition of the surface on which you plan to apply the water-based composition. Let's get into the details and find out the details.
Properties of water-based paint
Let's take a look at the material itself. Why are more and more people abandoning traditional whitewashing and decorating ceilings with water-based paint? Because it gives the same effect of the purest whiteness, but is devoid of the disadvantages inherent in chalk and lime. Special pigment substances and particles of polymers are introduced into the composition of the aqueous suspension, which increase its wear resistance.
After applying paint to the ceiling, the water base evaporates, and the polymers form the thinnest film that is immune to moisture. Thanks to this, water-based paint does not crumble, retains its fresh appearance for a long time, is easy to clean and does not deform from moisture. It suits most consumers and at a price. Another plus is the high environmental friendliness and safety of the water-based composition. It does not have a pungent odor characteristic of many paints and does not cause allergic reactions.
Painting options and their features
Before proceeding with the finishing of the ceiling, it is necessary to find out which surfaces can be applied with a water-based coating. Obviously, the most competent way is to clean the ceiling from the previous coating. But do we always resort to such a procedure when doing repairs ourselves?
If you are satisfied with the quality of the ceiling finish with the old coating, and you just want to update it, then painting the ceiling with water-based paint over the old paint is quite possible. The main thing is to conduct a thorough revision of the coating, remove obvious contaminants, and check for small cracks. Unfortunately, if you don't remember which primer was used for the original finish, you'll have to forego a water-based slurry over the old paint. Alum and vitriol primers will destroy the water emulsion, no matter how long ago the ceiling was painted.
Important! So that your work is not in vain, apply new paint to small plot and wait a few hours. If the new coating does not swell or blister, feel free to use a water-based emulsion.
When painting the ceiling with water-based paint for whitewashing, the thickness of the chalk layer should be taken into account. Only on a thin and well-grasped whitewash with a surface, the water-based composition will fall without problems. In other cases, peeling and deformation awaits you.
Choosing a tool
To eliminate unnecessary shoots to the store, we immediately determine the tool that we need to complete all the work. An example list is:
- thin spatula
- bucket or paint tray for paint
- primer roller
- paint roller
- brush (choose a narrow one, for painting small details)
- rubber gloves and goggles
Our main tool, on which the high quality of the final result depends, is a roller. Choose a roller for painting the ceiling with water-based paint with a medium pile and a long handle. Neither foam rubber nor velor rollers are suitable for working with a water-based composition. The first forms bubbles that are difficult to get rid of, the second absorbs little paint, which leads to streaks and streaks.
Advice! When buying a roller, check it for "molt". Roll the tool over your hand and make sure that there are no lint left on it.
Preparatory work
If you want to achieve the perfect result when working with water-based paint, create optimal conditions for it. Let's figure out how to prepare the ceiling for painting with water-based paint so that it lies flawlessly on its surface.
First stage
We remove the old whitewash. If it is chalk or lime, wash off the ceiling with warm water to a concrete base. Remove oil or enamel paint with a spatula.
Advice! In places where the old paint cannot be scraped off with a spatula, use a thinner.
Second phase
It's great if your ceiling is a flat surface, without structural seams and joints. If there are seams, it is necessary to remove the putty from them. We do this with the help of the same spatula.
Third stage
You will need a primer for the ceiling to be painted with water-based paint, which can be purchased at the store. Take a soft paint roller and apply the primer in one thin layer over the entire surface of the ceiling. This procedure will help the putty to securely gain a foothold in problem areas, and it will not fall on your head.
Fourth stage
The last step to start painting is plastering. We dilute the putty and cover it with all the problem areas. We are waiting for the putty to dry, and carefully clean all the bumps with a thin sandpaper. Using a level, we check the evenness of the surface and, if necessary, apply another layer plasters. Leave for 24 hours to dry. Our preparation of the ceiling for painting with water-based paint is completed. Let's move on to painting.
We paint correctly
We note right away that painting the ceiling with water-based paint with an airbrush is faster, but without proper skill it turns into a disaster. Drops of paint scatter in all directions, and the surface is decorated with annoying stains and washouts. However, there are some nuances in working with a roller.
- Carefully read the instructions that came with the paint can. There are types of paint that need to be diluted, and there are those that do not require additional water. Mix the prepared paint well and pour a small amount into a bucket or tray.
- Dip the roller in the paint with one side and roll it several times over the wing of the tray or over a piece of hardboard. It is necessary that the roller is completely covered with paint. If the first "bathing" was not enough, repeat the procedure.
- Let's move on to painting the ceiling. We apply the paint evenly, in stripes 0.5-1 meter wide. We start painting from the wall opposite the window. We drive the roller across the length of the ceiling, not forgetting to dip it in paint and roll it out again. With transverse painting, the joints are less noticeable.
- Each next strip should overlap the previous one by about 15-20 cm.
- Let the first coat of paint dry.
- We apply the second layer so that the stripes go to the light source, that is, to the window. Remember: the first layer is transverse, the second is longitudinal. In both cases, we start painting from the far wall.
Advice! It is better to check the ceiling for gaps while standing on the floor. They are invisible up close, but perfectly visible from below.
In order not to constantly jump off the stepladder, ask someone from the household to inspect the ceiling from different angles for the presence of non-painting. They must be removed immediately, before the paint dries, otherwise you are guaranteed to get a spotty surface.
Brush with a fine brush ceiling plinths and other decorative elements.
