Vladimir Sakharovsky: "Let's make our city better together!"
Dear voters!
I am addressing you not as a candidate for deputy, but as a native of Birobidzhan. I was born and raised in Birobidzhan, this is my home and my family - and therefore I am not indifferent to the fate of my city and its inhabitants. It is difficult for me to realize that up to two thousand young and energetic people leave our cozy and calm city every year. It is unpleasant to think that we are doomed to live in one of the most depressed and poorest regions of Russia. Finally, it is impossible to come to terms with the fact that the city of Birobidzhan and the Jewish Autonomous Region have no prospects.
I am sure that the city and the region have a future and a huge unrealized potential. But changing our lives for the better is possible only if we change the socio-economic course and the leadership team.
At the same time, you need to start small: from a separate city yard and a separate apartment building. If each of the 20 deputies of the City Duma fulfills at least a few orders of their voters and puts in order at least two or three adjoining territories, will achieve asphalt laying in at least one yard, will force the management company to repair the roof, connect a common house meter or install a playground, then our city will already become more comfortable.
All my labor activity in Birobidzhan is inextricably linked with independent journalism. For about a year now, I have been heading the regional independent online newspaper Nabat. It allows us to raise the most pressing problems of our city and region, to help people in a targeted way.
As the editor of "Nabat", I was the first, back in September 2017, to report the egregious facts of improper preparation of the Birobidzhan CHPP for the heating season. Last winter, during which at least 10 major accidents at the CHPP, confirmed the forecasts of our newspaper.
I have always given a special place in my journalistic activity to the problems of orphans, the disabled, pensioners and low-income citizens. In the wake of Nabat's publications, the prosecutor's office conducted several dozen inspections in just a year. As a result, the rights and legitimate interests of many Birobidzhans and residents of the JAO were restored.
The independent online newspaper "Nabat" will continue to reveal outrages and shortcomings, arouse the interest of regulatory and supervisory authorities in them. "Nabat" will be a help in my parliamentary activities. I guarantee that all the problems of the voters of constituency No. 14 will be heard and voiced as widely as possible in the press. To do this, I have the necessary professional experience and an effective tool for influencing society and government - the independent online newspaper Nabat.
Going to the polls, I see a circle of my official duties because the problems of constituency No. 14 are well known to me. This is, first of all, the unsatisfactory condition of the asphalt pavement in some yards, the failure of storm sewers and drainage system, low level improvement and the almost universal absence of small architectural forms. To solve these problems, it is important not only to take Active participation in the work on the city budget, but also to use grants from the Ministry of Construction as efficiently as possible within the framework of the federal program to create a comfortable urban environment.
I also think that a deputy of the City Duma has no right to be indifferent and keep silent when it comes to the problems of the whole city. Preparations for the upcoming heating season should be the focus of attention not only of the executive branch of the municipality, but also of the deputy corps. The people's choice is obliged to oppose the collapse and contribute to the financial recovery of strategic municipal enterprises: Vodokanal and the passenger car enterprise, since the fate of all citizens depends on their normal functioning.
The deputy should not be afraid to ask the mayor of Birobidzhan tough questions about, for example, what benefits the city is getting from its costly business trips abroad to Israel and Japan. Since these trips are useless, it's time to put an end to them.
I note that all these and other questions over the past year have been actively raised on their pages by the independent online newspaper Nabat. Having a deputy mandate, I will be able not only to voice problems in the press, but also to contribute to their solution in the interests of the overwhelming majority of citizens. That is why, as I go to the by-elections, which will take place on August 12, 2018, I am asking for your support, dear voters of district #14.
Paid from the electoral fund of the candidate for deputies of the City Duma of the municipality "City of Birobidzhan" of the EAO of the 5th convocation in the single-mandate constituency No. 14 Sakharovsky V.S.
Personnel changes continue in the government of the Jewish Autonomous Region. The other day, Dmitry Nazarov, Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Jewish Autonomous Region, who had been working in the Jewish Autonomous Region since January 17 last year, left his post.
According to Dmitry Nazarov, he did a lot for the development of the Jewish Autonomous Region, dealing with the resolution and organization of mass celebrations. Many of them, with the participation of local and visiting artists, were held last summer on the city embankment.
“I would like to once again thank my colleagues, our team and the residents of the region for their support. It's a pity to part. I hope we see each other again. The Far East has become dear to me, and I will always be glad to come to Birobidzhan,” Dmitry Nazarov said in his “farewell” interview.
According to unofficial sources, the exit of Dmitry Nazarov from the government of the JAO is connected with the results of the presidential elections in Russia. Compared to other regions, the voter turnout and the percentage of those who voted for the candidacy of Vladimir Putin in the Jewish Autonomy turned out to be lower, which was a "defect" responsible persons followed by "punishment".
There were other local changes as well. So, for example, in March, the deputy head of the regional forest department Evgeny Ermakov left his post, the deputy chief accountant of the apparatus of the governor and the government of the Jewish Autonomous Region Tatyana Barkina resigned.
The former deputy head of the regional department of economics, Vyacheslav Pastukhov, preferred the position of Commissioner for the Protection of the Rights of Entrepreneurs in the Jewish Autonomous Region. In early April, Sergey Tupitsa, head of the department for mobilization preparation of the governor's and government's apparatus, left his post.
The recruits also arrived. New Deputy Chairman of the Government of the EAO, who will oversee work on interaction with law enforcement, became a retired Lieutenant General of the Ministry of Emergency Situations Alexander Solovyov.
A new figure that appeared "on the black and white board" of the JAO (Governor Alexander Levintal is an avid chess fan) puzzled many local residents. For example, Vladimir Sakharovsky, editor of the Birobidzhan online newspaper Nabat, was skeptical about another appointment to government of the EAO, lamenting the large number of "functionaries with large salaries" who do not affect the situation in the region. A similar opinion is shared by the head of the regional branch of the Communist Party Vladimir Fishman.
- The trouble with our region is that Alexander Levintal is not a local, although he was born in Birobidzhan. He lived all his conscious life in Khabarovsk and draws from the Khabarovsk Territory, as well as from other regions, his acquaintances, who are beginning to "steer" in the Jewish autonomy. Where, for example, are the "Varangians of the first wave" who came to Birobidzhan at the call of Levintal? Where are Lekhovitser, Lagoshina, Chukalkin and other former members of the JAO government? The same thing happens to them in the corridors of the "gray house" today. "Leapfrog" in the government of the JAO testifies to the weakness of power, the incompetence of officials and the ongoing socio-economic crisis in the region. As the people say, "they will come, they will give up and leave," and the inhabitants of the Jewish Autonomous Region remain hostages of this unhealthy situation, disentangle the consequences, - Vladimir Fishman commented.
According to him, in order to stop the "personnel reshuffling" in the authorities, it is necessary to involve not "Varangians", but residents of the JAO, who have the appropriate knowledge, qualifications and experience. Hundreds of indigenous people dream of trying themselves in leadership positions, but they cannot get into the "corridors of power", packed to capacity with outsiders.
Transitions: 16Added: 1979-01-01 00:00:00
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Not fair. It is clear that the priority right to choose the name of the airport should belong to the residents of the region in which the airport is located. And these are, as a rule, large regions. But after all, not only Muscovites, St. Petersburg, Irkutsk, Khabarovsk residents, but also those who live on the edge of the country in very small constituent entities of the Federation, in small cities where there is no air harbor, no sea, or even a river, it is also very important to feel their involvement for such large scale projects.
Our region is one of the smallest in Russian Federation. A little over one hundred and sixty thousand people live in it. And its history is not that long. He is not yet a hundred years old. And how much has been lived and experienced in it, how much effort was expended by truly great people on its creation and development, how many amazing, extraordinary people lived, worked, created on this earth!
The Jewish Autonomous Region until the 90s of the twentieth century was integral part Khabarovsk Territory. The region and the region were like two communicating vessels, complementing each other in everything. Graduates of regional schools received higher education in Khabarovsk universities, researchers Khabarovsk institutes assisted in the development of industry and agriculture of the JAO, the region supplied the Khabarovsk Territory with dairy products, grain, and vegetables. The region was a granary not only for the Khabarovsk Territory, but, in fact, for the entire Far East.
The airport in Khabarovsk was built taking into account, among other things, the needs of the inhabitants of the Jewish Autonomous Region. It was our common air harbor. And today it actually continues to be such, despite the fact that the JAO is an independent entity and is no longer part of the Khabarovsk Territory. And, perhaps, our opinion - the opinion of the inhabitants of the Jewish Autonomous Region - will not be superfluous in choosing a person whose name Khabarovsk Airport should be named.
The personality of Vladimir Klavdievich Arseniev is of great importance both for the Khabarovsk Territory and for the Jewish Autonomous Region. His name is more associated with the Primorsky Territory, but what he did for our two regions cannot be overestimated. To understand its significance for Khabarovsk, it is enough to visit the Khabarovsk Museum of Local Lore, which, by the way, he led for many years already in Soviet times.
As for our region, his first expedition through the territory of the future JAO, connected with the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway, is especially important. The purpose of this expedition was to find reference points for future railway stations.
The conditions were determined under which it is possible to build railway stations on the future Trans-Siberian Railway: the presence of water and coal in these places, - says local historian, candidate of geographical sciences Boris Mikhailovich Golub. - There was enough water here. But to ensure the movement of steam locomotives, coal was needed. In winter, the expedition led by Arseniev descended along the frozen Amur from Khabarovsk to the mouth of the Bira River, climbed along the Bira to the small settlement Tikhonkaya, in which there were only ten houses at that time, went further from Tikhonkaya - to the place where the village of Bira is located today and where Birsk coal mines are located.
Based on the results of this expedition, Vladimir Arseniev presented a report in which he indicated that there is coal in this territory, and that it is of high quality, quite suitable for a locomotive furnace, its reserves are sufficient. In accordance with the results of the expedition and the conclusions presented by Vladimir Klavdievich Arsenyev in the report, in 1910 the railway workers began to lay a branch of the Trans-Siberian Railway through the territory of the future Jewish Autonomous Region. It was this report that became the basis for the construction of the In, Bira railway stations, and then the Obluchye station.
And Tikhonkaya (the future Birobidzhan) was originally prepared for the status of not even a station, but a half-station. So, with the construction of the railway, the almost uninhabited territory of the future region began to be populated by people - mainly workers who mined coal, marble, felled timber, railway workers, tunnellers who paved the road.
Arseniev also had other expeditions on the territory of our region, including its northern part. For example, an expedition to study the depths of the Khabarovsk Territory, that is, to study natural resources on our territory, to determine the volume of their reserves.
Vladimir Arseniev made a huge contribution to the development of the Far East. For the whole country, including the Khabarovsk Territory, he is a traveler, researcher, thinker, writer, and for the inhabitants of the Jewish Autonomous Region, he is also a pioneer who breathed life into the territory on which the Jewish Autonomous Region was subsequently created. I think this person deserves to have Khabarovsk airport named after him.
By the way, an airport also functioned in the JAO for many years. But not big, not international. Given the remoteness of the settlements of the region from each other, the inaccessibility of these settlements, an airport for small aircraft was built in the region. Until now, one of the small settlements, located near the city of Birobidzhan, is called the "Old Airport".
The fact that today this airport is not used for its intended purpose does not mean at all that the inhabitants of the JAO do not have a need for small aircraft. On the contrary, I am convinced that there is.
If the inhabitants of such large settlements of the JAR as with. Amurzet, which is three and a half - four hours from Birobidzhan by car, the city of Obluchye - two and a half - three hours, with. Leninskoye - two hours, Kuldur settlement - three hours, there was an opportunity to use small aircraft, reducing the travel time to the administrative center and back by three times, many problems would be solved, and the dynamic development of our territory would indeed take place.
Currently, the development of small aircraft is being discussed at the level of the Federal Center. I think that it is extremely important for regions remote from the center of the country, such as ours. It seems to me wrong to talk about the priority development of the Far East and not to put at the forefront the development of not only rail and road, but also air routes on the territory of the Far East itself, it seems to me wrong. Moreover, in the JAR, for example, both runways and parking areas for small aircraft still remain from Soviet times.
Only large international airports participate in the all-Russian competition "For airports - the names of great compatriots", but small aviation airports should not be nameless either. If our small airport were revived or a new one built, it would be possible to hold a regional competition to name it after one of our great countrymen. And the competition would be great.
Among the people whose names would be offered to the competition by the inhabitants of the region, there would be many heroes of the Soviet Union, scientists, writers, poets. But I would suggest naming our airport after the person who made the very territory explored by Vladimir Arseniev the territory of the Jewish Autonomous Region. I would suggest naming the airport after Boris Brook.
Before the revolution, Boris Lvovich Bruk graduated from the agricultural department of the Kiev Polytechnic Institute, was engaged in science, became a major specialist in the field of agriculture - land surveying.
After the revolution, two organizations KOMZET and OZET were created in Moscow. The first is the Committee for the Land Organization of Working Jews, the second is a public organization in the same direction. Why were they created? Because the government of the country was faced with the task of resolving the issue with the Jews. After all, before the revolution, Jews were settled mainly in shtetls, that is, in agricultural areas. But Catherine II, forbidding them to leave the Pale of Settlement, also forbade them to engage in agriculture. What were they doing? A little bit of everything: tailoring, sewing, trading. In the new Soviet country, they had no place either in the industrial sector, because they were not skilled workers, nor in agriculture because they were not peasants. People of the air - that's what Sholom Aleichem called them.
The Soviet government decided to give the Jews land. Both KOMZET and OZET began searching for free land. Appeared different variants. For example, Crimean - Bakhchisaray. In 1923, half a million Jews were sent there. They began to dig the earth, lay an irrigation system. And a conflict arose with the Tatars living there, since such an attitude to the land contradicted their religion.
The second option is woodlands in Belarus. But he didn’t come up either, because woodland is impenetrable swamps. How to dry them? It's the twenties and thirties! Even excavators did not exist!
Third option - North Caucasus, Donetsk plavni (Don, Kuban). But there was no need to talk about any agriculture then - swamps!
Two million Jews are without work, without land, and there is nowhere to settle them in such a large country. And then the idea arose in KOMZET and OZET to look for land not in the west, but in the east. They invited Professor Williams, an academician, an authoritative soil scientist, who said: - There is such a land - the Birsko-Bidzhansky district of the Far Eastern Territory. There are Amur Belozems - very fertile lands.
In 1927, Boris Brook went to the Far East. His expedition included a climatologist, an economist, a zoologist, a hydrographer, and a soil scientist. In just a few months, Brook explored an area of 1,500 kilometers on horseback, by boat, on foot, conducted a population census, took water and soil samples. Returning to Moscow, he presented a report to KOMZET.
I started something like this: a remote region, a huge amount of water, swampiness, mosquitoes, midges, impenetrable taiga, no people, less than one person per square meter no roads...
And then he turned to the positive: at the same time, there are no people - there is no anti-Semitism! Any person will be welcome there. There is a lot of land, take as much as you want. There are two roads - the Amur river route and the Trans-Siberian. It is possible to build communications between these roads. There are 100 types of minerals in this territory! Furs, forests, mushrooms, berries - a huge amount!
But it is impossible to populate the territory immediately in bulk. It is necessary to prepare, as they say today, the infrastructure.
In 1928, based on the report of Boris Bruk, Kalinin signed an order to start the resettlement movement.
But Boris Bruk not only determined the place for the creation of the Jewish region, but he himself devoted many years of his life to the formation and development of the region. His life was both good and bad, including the Stalinist camps. He returned to our region in 1935, having been released from the camp. He was appointed deputy director of the Experimental Field agricultural station, which, largely through the efforts of Boris Brook, turned into a large research complex, which included research work (fields, land reclamation, seeds), training (settlers were illiterate people, they need to was taught), practical organization of work (obtaining a guaranteed harvest).
You can read about the life and work of Boris Brook (and he wrote poetry, stories) in the book by Joseph Brener "With the mandate of the headman of Kalinin." Boris Lvovich was a most interesting person.
Today we sometimes jokingly, sometimes seriously complain about the fact that we live in the middle of nowhere, where frosts are over 30 degrees, where there is a swamp and mosquitoes. But honestly, we should be grateful to Brook for this land. The Jews who refused to move here remained in the Crimea, in Belarus, in Ukraine, almost all were destroyed during the Great Patriotic War by the Nazis. And we live. We are the descendants of immigrants who came here from all over Russia and even from foreign countries for land, for happiness, for life.
In recent years, Boris Brook lived in Khabarovsk. One day, correspondents from Birobidzhan came to him to take an interview in connection with the upcoming fiftieth anniversary of the Jewish Autonomous Region. He was promised to send an invitation to this anniversary. His interview was filmed for a film dedicated to the anniversary.
He was happy to talk to reporters. Then he waited for the invitation to come. Did not come. They forgot to invite him.
And when the film came out, he watched it from beginning to end, but he never saw himself in it ...
Maybe it's time for justice to be done. The name of the person thanks to whom our region lives, we live, cannot be forgotten. It is not right.
Someday will come Good times, small aircraft and the airport named after Boris Brook will again appear in the JAO ...
Sergei Buryndin,
"Newspaper for the House".
Actual problems of the history of the Russian revolution were discussed by the participants of the meeting, which took place on November 1 in the art space "Kitchen". The event brought together about 30 lovers of national history - public activists, schoolchildren, students and teachers of Sholom Aleichem PSU.
The meeting was led by associate professor of the base university of the Jewish Autonomous Region, candidate of historical sciences Alexander Azarenkov. He invited the audience to discuss some topical problems in the history of the 1917 revolution. The very first question of whether the autocracy fell in February 1917 as a result of a conspiracy at the top or for objective reasons caused a heated discussion.
The meeting participants identified a number of contradictions in the development of tsarist Russia and pointed to the underlying causes of the spontaneous revolutionary explosion in February 1917. According to the unanimous opinion of the audience, the autocracy did not learn the lessons of the first Russian revolution of 1905-1907, did not take advantage of the historical chance to modernize and reform the empire. A powerful catalyst for the February events in Petrograd was the First World War, which led to great human losses, disrupted transport and caused interruptions in the supply of provisions to the population of large cities.
Meanwhile, speaking of the natural causes of the revolution, one cannot completely exclude the influence of subjective factors on the historical process. Thus, Vladimir Pyatak, lecturer at Sholom Aleichem PSU, Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, noted that all major political upheavals occur in the capitals, and then spread like waves throughout Russia. This is a feature of the authoritarian political structure of the country, which has evolved since the time of the first Moscow princes.
Vladimir Sakharovsky, editor of the online newspaper Nabat, noted that on the eve of February 1917, the political elite Russian Empire turned out to be split. The interests of the autocracy and the bureaucracy differed, the Duma's progressive bloc "rocked the boat" and wanted a so-called "responsible ministry." As a result of a broad propaganda campaign against the autocracy, expressed in the exposure of Rasputinism, the ground was prepared for an apex coup. However, having overthrown tsarism, the liberals from State Duma unable to keep the situation under control. Only the iron discipline of the Bolsheviks helped to rectify the situation.
A fundamental dispute between the participants of the meeting arose over the question of whether the political events 1917 revolution or Russian revolt. Part of those present, noting the wide scope of the revolutionary elements in the peasant country, characterized the year 1917 as a revolt and turmoil. Volodymyr Pyatak did not agree with this position, who said that the rebellion did not have such distant historical consequences as the revolution. Under the influence of the events of 1917, the Soviet Union was formed, which won the Great Patriotic War and had a great influence on the formation of the post-war system international relations. According to the philosopher, we still feel the consequences of the 1917 revolution. In addition, the speakers noted the deep influence of the Russian revolution on the process of transformation of capitalism in the countries of Europe and America. Looking at the experience of Russia, the ruling circles of Western states were forced to share their national wealth with the working people. Thanks to this, the glaring shortcomings of capitalist society were smoothed out.
Concerning the question of whether alternatives to Bolshevism were possible in October 1917, the participants of the meeting noted the popularity of the idea of convening the All-Russian Constituent Assembly. However, the elections to the Constituent Assembly dragged on, so it was able to meet only in January 1918, that is, already under Soviet power. Under the new conditions, the Constituent Assembly came into conflict with revolutionary reality, and therefore turned out to be unviable. In addition, as some participants in the discussion noted, the Soviets of Workers' Deputies of the 1917 model were fairly democratic bodies that fully expressed the will of the working people of Russia.
Other issues were also discussed during the meeting. After discussing the last question about the political consciousness and political culture of Russia in revolutionary times, the organizers summed up the meeting. The event became a notable event in the intellectual life of Birobidzhan on the eve of the centenary of the October Revolution. Thanks to the informal atmosphere created in the art space "Kitchen", the organizers managed to arouse the interest of local youth in serious historical problems. The meeting turned out to be truly lively, and not official-academic.
Speaking with the closing remarks, Vladimir Sakharovsky, editor of the Nabat Internet newspaper, thanked all those present for participating in the discussion. Separate words of gratitude were addressed to the team of the art space "Kitchen" and personally to the entrepreneur Yegor Eroshenko, without whose support the meeting would not have turned out so interesting. At the end of the event, Vladimir Sakharovsky congratulated all the participants of the discussion on the centenary of the October Revolution - a landmark historical event which had huge consequences for the destinies of the country and the world.
Regional independent online newspaper "Nabat"
