So, this year your child will have a real test - passing the exam. You are probably worried, if not more, then at least as much as your high school student, because this is so important! It’s just that it’s very difficult to figure it all out, the children don’t want to explain anything, and the official sites are drowning in bureaucracy.
The editors of the site come to your aid and tell you about everything in detail and livelier than Rosobrnadzor. Take notes and tell the children if they don't know.
- What is the USE? Is it really what we need?
The USE is a form of state final certification for educational programs of secondary general education. In other words, the final exam at graduation from school. The exam is required to pass, without passing it, the child will not be able to get a certificate and go to college.
- Okay. Will have to go. How many items do you need to submit?
There are still only two compulsory subjects for delivery - Russian and mathematics. No new items have been introduced this year, this awaits us only in 2020. The child has the opportunity to choose additional subjects of choice (required for admission). You can take the following disciplines: physics, chemistry, history, social science, computer science, biology, geography, literature and foreign languages. In addition to mathematics, all subjects are evaluated on a hundred-point system.
- What's wrong with math?
The fact is that the exam in mathematics is divided into basic and specialized. The child himself can choose what he needs (or he can choose to return the subject in two versions). A basic level is required to get a high school diploma and be able to enter a university where mathematics is not an entrance exam. The base level will be assessed on a five-point system. And an exam in mathematics at a specialized level is taken by schoolchildren planning to enter a university in which mathematics is included in the list of mandatory entrance tests. And in this case, the exam will be evaluated on a hundred-point system.
- Well, and everyone gets admission to the exam?
In order to get admission to the exam, you must:
- apply for the exam in selected subjects (this year - before February 1);
- get all annual grades in all academic subjects at school not lower than “satisfactory”, no twos;
- pass the final presentation in the Russian language.
- Okay, when are these exams? And where?
The USE schedule is official, common throughout Russia. You can view it on the official portal of the Unified State Examination and on the website of Rosobrnadzor. To pass the exam, children go to another school, where exactly, the students will be told at their educational institution closer to the exams. But you won't have to go far - it will be one of the district schools.
- And what if two exams are held on the same day? How to break something?
No need to break. The schedule is already known, for all such items there are reserve days. Just when applying, you must indicate the date of participation in the exam, which is convenient for you.
- And if my child is disabled, can he not take the exam?
Maybe. For disabled people and children with disabilities, another form of passing is provided - GVE (state final exam). It is easier, but it has its drawbacks: it is also automated and cannot be an entrance test to a university. The university will not accept its results, but will appoint new entrance tests, which can be both easier and more difficult for the student.
- Okay, I changed my mind, it's better to pass the exam. Will he provide the necessary conditions?
Certainly. Firstly, the exam time for children with disabilities is increased by 1.5 hours (and by 30 minutes on foreign languages). Secondly, you can choose a “special seating arrangement”, that is, ask the child to sit in the classroom alone. Thirdly, all children will be provided with the necessary technical means(if necessary: computers, magnifiers, sound amplifying equipment, Braille forms, etc.). Also, children can freely move to the toilet, interrupt for medical procedures or for a snack. IN extreme cases The exam is also carried out at home.
- Okay, but how is the exam going in general?
Each exam starts at 10:00 local time. It is undesirable to be late - no one will increase the time for you and the briefing will not be repeated. You can take with you: a passport (required), a gel, capillary pen with black ink (also required), medicines and food (if necessary), teaching and education tools (in mathematics, a ruler; in physics - a ruler and a non-programmable calculator; in chemistry - a non-programmable calculator; in geography - a ruler, a protractor, a non-programmable calculator). USE participants with disabilities - special technical equipment.
Everything else is rented at the entrance to a special place for storing things.
After checking the documents, the child will be taken to the place, he cannot change it. Then the briefing begins, if something is wrong with the set of tasks (the integrity of the package is broken), you need to say about it at this moment, then this will not be a reason for appeal. After the briefing, you need to open the package, make sure that everything you need is in place, the text is well printed, the paper has no defects, the task is in Russian, not in mathematics, etc. Everything that needs to be checked will be told to the children.
Next, the registration form is filled out, after which the student proceeds to the task. After completion, you need to fold all the sheets and take them to the examiner. Everything, you can go home, it is not necessary to wait for the end of the exam.
- Can you write it off?
It's complicated. Silencers are everywhere mobile connection inaccessible, even if the child brought the phone with them. You can go to the toilet, but under the “escort”, you won’t have time to read much. For a cheat sheet that they saw, a child can be removed from the exam, withdrawn and not checked his work. Plus, there are cameras everywhere. Better get ready.
- When and how will the results be announced? What if I don't like them?
The results should be known approximately three days after the date of delivery, they will be transferred to educational institution They can also be checked online. If you and your child are not satisfied with the number of points, you can file an appeal within two business days after the results are officially announced. This is a personal meeting with independent experts, where you and your child can look at the work and try to prove that Gogol wrote Onegin. The truth is not the fact that it will work.
- Can they lower the score on appeal?
When considering an appeal, the conflict commission completely rechecks the examination paper. So - yes, the result can change in any direction. And if anything, it is no longer possible to appeal the appeal.
- And what is the passing score now?
36 points in Russian and 27 points in mathematics at the profile level. The rest of the minimum scores can be found at the disposal of Rosobrnadzor.
- And if you didn't?
If the student has not passed the compulsory subject, he has the right to re-take it in an additional time frame (approximately two weeks later). In case of repeated "failure" - only in the fall, in a special center, and until that time you will not be issued a certificate. Children can also retake the exam when they receive a passing score (that is, to improve their score). If it didn't work out again - in the summer with a new wave of graduates. And so on ad infinitum.
As for elective subjects, if the student has not scored the minimum number of points, retake only after a year.
- Good. With the exam, everything seems to be clear. What about admission?
And we will tell you about it next time.
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The USE is a centralized exam conducted in Russian educational institutions. Thanks to the control measuring materials, it helps to assess the quality of student preparation. In the article we will learn how to pass the exam, which exams to take and how to get 100 points.
Since 2009, the USE has been a form of final exams at a lyceum or school, as well as a form of entrance exams to universities. The list of compulsory disciplines is presented in mathematics and Russian. The rest of the items are optional. It can be a foreign language, literature, computer science, physics, geography and others.
The number of optional items selected for delivery is not limited. When compiling a list of disciplines, students are guided by the requirements of the higher educational institution chosen for admission.
They take the exam from May to June. The legislation provides for early and additional delivery periods. The first is in April and the second is in July. The graduates of the current year who:
- Are called to the army;
- Go to the Russian or international Olympiad;
- Are sent for treatment abroad;
- They are graduating from a Russian-language school in a country with a difficult climate.
The additional period provides for the delivery of the Unified State Examination by foreign citizens, graduates of previous years, graduates of the initial vocational education.
On Russian territory, the conduct of the state exam is controlled by federal Service on supervision in the field of science and education with the support of authorities executive power Russian subjects. If testing is carried out abroad, the founders participate in the procedure in addition to Rosobrnadzor educational institution, which has passed the state accreditation.
Evaluation of the results of the final certification is based on a hundred-point system. For each discipline, a minimum bar is set in points, overcoming which confirms that the student has mastered the school educational program. USE results are considered valid for 4 years following the year in which they were received by the student.
If the result of the participant of the final certification on the mandatory academic discipline does not reach the established minimum bar, re-surrender in an additional period is provided. If the second surrender was unsatisfactory, it is allowed to try your luck again, but in the fall. In the case of the subject of choice, everything is more complicated. An attestation participant who has not scored the minimum number of points is forced to wait for a retake for a year.
Important! Government testing participants removed from the classroom for misconduct, cheating, or use mobile phone are severely punished. Their results are canceled, as well as the right to retake in an additional period. Re-surrender is allowed after one year. So don't cheat on the exam.
How to pass the exam if you don't know anything
Pedagogical practice shows that schoolchildren, instead of preparing for exams, relax and communicate with friends. In the old days, in the absence of knowledge, lazy schoolchildren came to the rescue made on hastily cribs.
The introduction of the Unified State Examination has significantly complicated the procedure for passing state testing. Members of the commission closely monitor each student, and the use of cheat sheets and electronics is severely punished. How to successfully pass the certification, if during the preparatory period the matter did not come to study? I have a few tips for this.
- If before doomsday a few more weeks, start preparing. Use the services of a tutor and pay special attention to solving trial tasks. Learning the basic level is the key to success if you don't know anything.
- If testing is in a few days and there is no time to study the material, take a look at the pages of the textbook. It is possible that in important point visual memory will come to the rescue. How to improve memory, I told in one of the articles.
- When test day arrives, stay confident, grab your ID card, passport, some pens and pencils, a ruler and eraser, and go. Also make sure you have a bottle in your backpack. mineral water and chocolate.
- Once in the audience, choose a seat you like, sit comfortably at the table, and take a few deep breaths. Do not worry. During the year you attended classes and for sure something remained in your memory.
- After receiving the package with forms and tasks, slowly fill in the registration data. When teachers give the go-ahead, get down to business. You have 4 hours at your disposal.
- Start with what you know. Once you've completed easy tasks, move on to more difficult tasks. Even if there are difficulties with the decision, do not rush to leave the audience. Stay until the very end. It is not uncommon for the correct answer to come at the last moment.
People who are well acquainted with the procedure for passing the final certification, argue that many students greatly exaggerate the complexity of the situation and lower the level of knowledge in their thoughts. It's all due to stress. If you are striving to achieve a goal, curb your panic, calm down and tune in to work. This is the secret of success.
What exams are taken in the 11th grade in 2020
According to available information, passing the 11th grade test in mathematics and Russian is not enough to obtain a certificate in 2020. Now you need to pass an optional exam.
If you do not plan to study at the university, opt for a simple school discipline.
Full list subjects available for selection are represented by literature, chemistry, physics, history, geography, social science, computer science and foreign languages.
Among the innovations in 2020 is the absence of a test part, with the exception of foreign languages. Therefore, prepare responsibly, as the written exam is more difficult than the multiple-choice test.
There were rumors that in 2020, the grades for the Unified State Examination will affect the grades in the certificate in the direction of decreasing or increasing. It is also planned to make the Russian language exam more difficult. This year, graduates will face more difficult tasks. As for the essay and the criteria for its evaluation, no changes are provided here.
The list of the most popular exams in universities is represented by the exact sciences, including computer science, chemistry and physics. This is due to the shortage of qualified engineers in the country and the surplus of economists and financiers.
Periodically visit the portal of the Federal Institute for Pedagogical Measurements. Documents related to passing the exam are regularly published here. There is also a table of changes that will help in compiling a complete impression of the innovations.
What exams do you need to pass for admission to universities
It is impossible to enter an institute or university without a certificate of passing the exam. It is important that a graduate who plans to become a student of one of the universities must pass exams for admission. In this part of the material, I will consider several popular areas and help in choosing school disciplines for delivery. And remember that math and Russian give up in without fail.
- If you are planning to go to medical school Get ready to pass the exam in chemistry and biology. Dentists need to pass the physics exam. Some universities require a foreign language test.
- Those who want to study psychology need to pass an exam in biology, which is considered a major. Depending on the chosen direction, the results of the Unified State Examination in a foreign language are sometimes needed. It all depends on the university.
- If you see yourself as a teacher, get ready to pass the corresponding subject. In particular, for admission to the Physics and Mathematics, in addition to the main exams, physics is needed. For a chemist-biologist, delivery in chemistry and biology is provided, and so on.
- There are many faculties available to graduates who want to study at MSU. For example, if you choose the department of "Recreational Geography and Tourism", take the exam in geography, and the department of "Philosophy" will require natural science.
- There are also requirements in MIPT. To enter this university, you need computer science or physics. It all depends on the direction chosen by the graduate.
- Educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs have special requirements for applicants. They give preference to graduates who have passed the Unified State Examination in social studies, history, physics or biology, depending on the direction. Each graduate will also have to pass sports standards.
- For those who want to become a student of the military space academy, I recommend focusing on preparing for the exam in physics. Without this major subject, as well as without sports standards, the university will not accept.
In conclusion, I will add that each educational institution makes its own requirements for the results of the exam. If you have already decided on the university and faculty, contact admission committee for detailed information. This will protect against a fatal mistake.
What you need to know to pass the exam for 100 points
Graduates who aspire to enter the university are preparing to pass the exam with all responsibility. Many aim to get 100 points in all subjects. It is not surprising, because the maximum score indicates that the graduate has knowledge from the school curriculum at the highest level. Such results open the way to any of the universities.
Many people think that it is impossible to pass the exam with 100 points. In reality, this is not so. With timely and proper preparation, any student has the opportunity to pass tests and get the highest score.
We will analyze the nuances of pre-exam preparation. This set of simple recommendations will help you pass the exam with 100 points in the following subjects: social science, biology, history, Russian and foreign languages, mathematics, physics and chemistry. Let's get started.
- Stock up on textbooks for the subjects chosen for delivery from the sixth to the eleventh grade. During preparation, pay special attention to the topics that cause the most difficulty.
- Study the exam questions to understand what questions you will face on the exam. Keep a diary, make a preparation schedule. For each item of the drawn up plan, allocate time sufficient for in-depth study of the material.
- Keep an outline. Reading textbooks, write out the main concepts and terms. Drawings and diagrams will increase the efficiency of memorization. Between outlined topics, leave free space for fixing new or additional information on important issues.
- Teachers like it when the student speaks. Learn to give detailed answers, argue arguments, give explanations, use terms. Meaningful answers will increase the chances of getting the highest score.
- Visualize new information. As practice shows, cramming is a waste of time. Delve into the topic being studied, use the advantages of associative memory, imagine images.
- Get a manual with tests in your chosen subjects and spend a lot of time working through them. Self-preparation will help to learn the material and hone the skills of solving standard problems.
- Start preparing early. Regardless of the chosen subject, you will have to study a huge amount of information. It takes time to master this volume. Start preparing at least a year in advance. To improve the quality of knowledge, I advise you to use the services of a tutor or sign up for thematic courses.
- Harness the time. A certain amount of time is allotted for testing in school subjects. Complete all tasks within the time frame. At the same time, in pursuit of 100 points, you have to solve problems quickly and correctly. To improve the skill, I recommend using the demo version of the exam on the website of the department.
If you set yourself a goal of 100 points in all subjects, be prepared for laborious and lengthy preparation. The above recommendations will make things easier and will be a good help.
Answers on questions
Do I need to take the exam after college and technical school?
At the initial stage of its introduction, the Unified State Examination caused a lot of different emotions among graduates of colleges and technical schools. This is justified by the status of entrance examinations to Russian higher educational institutions obtained by state testing. What does it mean?
The presence of a certificate of passing the final attestation opens the way to any university if the test results meet the requirements established by the university. People who graduated from school before 2009 do not have such a document. And if they continued their studies at a college or technical school, after graduation they are interested in whether they need to pass the exam to enter a university? Further development of the situation has two scenarios.
- A graduate of a college or technical school who wants to continue his studies at the university in accordance with the specialty received, is not threatened with passing the state exam. To enroll in a university, it is enough to pass a profile exam.
- If a student received one specialty at a college or technical school, and wants to learn another profession at the university, there are two ways to solve the problem. The first provides for passing the exam, and the second - passing the entrance exams, as it was before.
The introduction of new rules has deprived graduates of technical schools and colleges of some of the benefits that help to guarantee admission to the university. But the presence of a diploma of a secondary educational institution, nevertheless, gives the student more confidence.
How to pass the exam to a graduate of previous years
It is not uncommon for a graduate who graduated from school in previous years to want to pass the state certification. This is good, because it is never too late to get a diploma of higher education. In this part of the material, we will talk about the intricacies of passing the exam by a graduate of past years.
Passing the Unified State Examination for a former graduate has a peculiarity - you do not have to take compulsory subjects, except in cases where mathematics and Russian are needed for enrollment in the chosen specialty.
Graduates of previous years pass the exam ahead of schedule or along with the main wave. To do this, an application is submitted in advance to the municipal education authority for passing an exam indicating the main and additional disciplines, a passport and a certificate.
Apart from personal information if he studied for a long time, the application indicates the name of the completed educational institution, details, form of study and the date of receipt of the diploma. Graduates from other countries who wish to continue their studies in Russian university, present a passport, the original document of education with a certified translation from a foreign language.
To obtain admission to the final certification, write an essay. This innovation does not apply to graduates of previous years. The work is written exclusively at will. However, some universities, upon admission, give several points for an essay.
Graduates of previous years take the exam at the place of application. If you live in another city, you do not need to return to your hometown in order to obtain a certificate.
In the article, we looked at how to pass the exam if you don’t know anything, gave tips for getting 100 points and answered popular questions. Rational preparation, combined with a positive mental attitude, strong motivation and absolute calmness, will help to get the highest result.
Do not panic, and in the morning before certification, concentrate on moral preparation, and not on skimming through textbooks. Such actions only aggravate the situation.
Go to the exam like a holiday, and a good mood will serve as a reliable ally. And remember, passing the exam is the first step in building a successful career. Good luck!
Which programming language to choose, what tasks to focus on and how to allocate time on the exam
Teaches computer science at Foxford.
Different universities require different entrance exams in IT areas. Somewhere you need to take physics, somewhere - computer science. It is up to you to decide which exam to prepare for, but it should be borne in mind that the competition for specialties where physics must be taken is usually lower than in specialties where the Unified State Examination in computer science is required, i.e. the probability of entering "through physics" is greater.
Why then take the exam in computer science?
- It is faster and easier to prepare for it than for physics.
- You will be able to choose from more specialties.
- It will be easier for you to study in the chosen specialty.
What you need to know about the exam in computer science
The exam in computer science consists of two parts. In the first part there are 23 problems with a short answer, in the second - 4 problems with a detailed answer. In the first part of the exam there are 12 basic level tasks, 10 tasks advanced level and 1 high level task. In the second part - 1 task of an increased level and 3 - high.
Solving problems from the first part allows you to score 23 primary points - one point for the completed task. Solving problems in the second part adds 12 primary points (3, 2, 3 and 4 points for each problem, respectively). Thus, the maximum primary points that can be obtained for solving all tasks is 35.
Primary scores are converted into test scores, which are the result of the exam. 35 primary points = 100 test points per exam. At the same time, more test points are awarded for solving problems from the second part of the exam than for answers to the problems of the first part. Each primary score obtained on the second part of the exam will give you 3 or 4 test scores, which in total is about 40 final scores for the exam.
This means that when performing the exam in computer science, it is necessary to pay special attention to solving problems with a detailed answer: No. 24, 25, 26 and 27. Their successful completion will allow you to score more final points. But the price of a mistake during their implementation is higher - the loss of each primary score is fraught with the fact that you will not pass the competition, because 3-4 final scores for the Unified State Examination with high competition in IT specialties can become decisive.
How to prepare for solving problems from the first part
- Pay special attention to tasks No. 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 18, 20, 23. It is these tasks, according to the analysis of the results of past years, that are especially difficult. Difficulties in solving these problems are experienced not only by those who have a low overall score for the Unified State Examination in computer science, but also by “good students” and “excellent students”.
- Learn by heart the table of powers of the number 2.
- Remember that Kbytes in tasks means kibibytes, not kilobytes. 1 kibibyte = 1024 bytes. This will help avoid calculation errors.
- Carefully study the exam options of previous years. The computer science exam is one of the most stable, which means that you can safely use the USE options for the last 3-4 years for preparation.
- Get to know different options task formulations. Remember that a slight change in the wording will always lead to worse exam results.
- Read the problem statement carefully. Most of the errors in completing assignments are due to a misunderstanding of the condition.
- Learn to independently check completed tasks and find errors in the answers.
What you need to know about problem solving with a detailed answer
24 task - to find the error
25 task requires a simple program
26 task - on game theory
27 task - it is necessary to program a complex program
Problem 27 is the main difficulty in the exam. It is only decided60-70% of USE writers in computer science. Its peculiarity lies in the fact that it is impossible to prepare for it in advance. Each year, a fundamentally new problem is presented for the exam. When solving problem No. 27, not a single semantic error should be made.
How to calculate exam time
Be guided by the data that are given in the specification of control measuring materials for the exam in computer science. It indicates the approximate time allotted for completing the tasks of the first and second parts of the exam.
The exam in computer science lasts 235 minutes
Of these, 90 minutes are allotted for solving problems from the first part. On average, each task from the first part takes from 3 to 5 minutes. It takes 10 minutes to solve problem #23.
There are 145 minutes left to solve the tasks of the second part of the exam, while solving the last task No. 27 will take at least 55 minutes. These calculations were made by the specialists of the Federal Institute for Pedagogical Measurements and are based on the results of exams from previous years, so they should be taken seriously and used as a guide for the exam.
Programming languages - which one to choose
- BASIC. It is an outdated language, and although it is still taught in schools, there is no point in wasting time learning it.
- School algorithmic programming language. It is designed specifically for early learning to program, it is convenient for mastering initial algorithms, but it contains almost no depth, there is nowhere to develop in it.
- Pascal. It is still one of the most common programming languages for teaching in schools and universities, but its capabilities are also very limited. Pascal is quite suitable as the language for writing the exam.
- C++. Universal language, one of the fastest programming languages. It is difficult to learn from it, but in practical application its possibilities are very wide.
- Python. It is easy to learn at an elementary level, the only thing required is knowledge of English. At the same time, with an in-depth study, Python provides the programmer with no less opportunities than C ++. Having started learning Python at school, you will continue to use it in the future, you will not have to relearn another language in order to reach new horizons in programming. To pass the exam, it is enough to know "Python" at a basic level.
Good to know
- Works in computer science are evaluated by two experts. If the expert evaluation results differ by 1 point, the higher of the two points is assigned. If the discrepancy is 2 points or more, the work is rechecked by a third expert.
- A useful site for preparing for the exam in computer science -
Oh well, that's easy enough if you're in 10th grade right now. If at 11 - woke up a bit late, of course, but there is still a chance and quite a big one.
First you need to set yourself a goal in terms of points and steadfastly go towards it. My goal was 100, I started from the very beginning of the 11th grade. I had very little luggage, mainly formed on the basis of the course of Russian literature of the 19th century and the work of Karamzin in the retelling of my father-historian. So you should sit down and clearly assess what you can hope for. I was preparing together with a friend who was an applicant for a provincial law faculty, who did not try very hard, but he just had to overcome the threshold of 50 points, which he successfully did.
The best textbook for passing the exam is the Moscow State University textbook on the history of Orlov and Georgiev. It can be bought almost everywhere, it is very convenient. On it we learn "theory".
Then you need to buy supplies. I took the usual ones from FIPI, plus a separate allowance for complex tasks. Take a book with KIMs and solve them, write part C completely in a specially wound notebook. It is desirable - to find a teacher who can check them. Or by keys. Solve as many tests as possible and get your hands on it.
Learn the codifier. Or at least read it carefully. You must know how each task is done. What points are given and taken away. I highly recommend that you find materials for teachers who check the exam on the Fipi website - there are samples of assignments completed for medium and high scores (part C).
Buy manuals with pictures and maps. Most often, Slavic tribes, major battles and uprisings are asked on the cards. It is highly desirable to know what each ruler of Russia looks like (I am not talking about Rurik and Svyatoslav, but it is necessary to distinguish Khrushchev from Andropov and Chernenko).
Maintain tables. From the largest battles of the Second World War to the reforms of Alexander I. If convenient, take notes. I didn’t lead and just circled the right places in the textbook, because it’s easier for me.
If you want a good score, don't skimp on culture. A lot of people are cut off on it, especially those who are not preparing for the exam in literature. Feofan Grek, Andrei Rublev, Falcone, Ton, Feofan Prokopovich and others, others, others. Learn famous churches, buildings, paintings, artists. There is a lot(!!!) of everything here. Don't forget the culture of the 80s and 90s. Including TV shows.
Hang above the table excerpts from the most disliked and difficult topics. For me, all sorts of officials of the USSR were like that (this question is very popular at the Unified State Examination) and the Pugachev uprising, I don’t even know why.
Be prepared to study one topic 8, 9, 10 times. History is forgotten terribly quickly, because there is a lot of information. I advise you to start with the most ancient and end with Putin, it is also desirable to learn it, you never know what they will come up with.
Find a friend and get ready together. It's fun, interesting, especially if a friend knows much more than you.
And do not express your opinion so clearly. If Brezhnev personally offended your grandmother very much at one time, do not write nasty things about him in part C, even if it seems to you that you are absolutely right. Be absolutely neutral.
I myself passed on 93, and the points were taken off in part C, and, as it seemed to me, it was completely unfair. The appeal was supposed to take place 300 kilometers from my city on the day of my high school graduation, and my mother did not let me go. So it goes.
At the DWI in History at Moscow State University (Faculty of History), I scored 95, if anything.
Compulsory subjects - mathematics and the Russian language - have been used as a form of state final certification of general secondary education for a number of years. The final certification has general rules that have been repeatedly changed. About the latest changes general rules and will be discussed in this article.
About the rules
The USE (mandatory and optional subjects) is carried out using control measuring materials (CMM), which are standard forms of complexes with tasks. In addition, there are special mandatory forms to draw up answers to tasks. Compulsory subjects of the Unified State Examination, as well as elective subjects, are taken in Russian in writing, if this is not a section of foreign languages ("speaking").
Exams are held on the territory of Russia and outside it according to a single schedule. The organizers are Rosobrnadzor and the executive authorities of those constituent entities of the Russian Federation that manage the education sector. Outside the country, the Unified State Examination (mandatory and optional subjects) is also accepted by Rosobrnadzor and the founders of educational organizations of the Russian Federation, which are located abroad, have state accreditation and implement educational programs of general secondary education, as well as foreign institutions of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, which have structural specialized educational units.
Admission to the exam
Compulsory and elective subjects are taken by students who do not have academic debts and who have fully completed individual or general grades in all subjects for all years of study not lower than satisfactory.
Disabled and disabled children, as well as students with limited opportunities health, studying in educational and educational special institutions of a closed type and institutions where they are serving sentences in the form of imprisonment.
Students in educational programs of vocational secondary education also have the right to attestation in the form of the Unified State Examination (Russian language and mathematics, as well as elective subjects for admission to a higher educational institution). Students in educational institutions of the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol have the same right.
Recertification and external
The right to attestation in the form of the Unified State Examination is also available to graduates of previous years (with a document on obtaining a general complete secondary education until 2013), as well as to those students who master educational programs of vocational secondary education and study in educational organizations abroad of the Russian Federation, even if they have there are valid results USE passed years.
The USE can also be passed by people who have mastered secondary education programs in other forms - family education or self-education, or who have mastered educational programs that are not accredited by the state. They can externally pass the GIA in
Items
Now the compulsory subjects for passing the exam are the Russian language and mathematics. However, changes and additions are planned for 2020. Firstly, according to the head of the Ministry of Education and Science Olga Vasilyeva, an exam in history will be mandatory for everyone. In addition, the compulsory subjects of the Unified State Examination in 2020 may include a foreign language and geography. Indeed, without knowledge of history, the country will not be able to successfully move into tomorrow. Will geography be a compulsory subject of the Unified State Examination, for now, since all existing system exams will be reviewed.
but English language as a compulsory subject in the Unified State Examination (or another foreign one), most likely, will be. A number of regions in 2020 will take such a subject in the testing mode. Further, by 2022, the country will be ready to introduce a foreign language into the minimum examination in schools, and now trial tests are being compiled, programs are being developed. History as a compulsory subject in the Unified State Examination is an issue that has already been practically resolved, although, according to Olga Vasilyeva, this will happen no earlier than 2020. This will be the third compulsory subject.
History with geography
Olga Vasilyeva made many statements at the All-Russian Conference on the History of Russia, which was held in February 2017, regarding the development of education in the country. Much has been said about passing the exam in 2020. Required items will be replenished. She clarified that today children only take mathematics and Russian, but the third subject of the exam should certainly be history.
She also stated that she is carefully listening to the increasingly loud public opinion regarding the GIA, which students take after the end of the ninth grade, in geography. Many citizens advocate the introduction of such an exam at graduation from school. The list of compulsory USE subjects will definitely be replenished. Perhaps geography will be one of them.
For university admission
In 2009, all high school graduates received information about the compulsory subjects of the Unified State Examination. They became the Russian language and mathematics. At the same time, each eleventh grader must receive a score not lower than that established by Rosobrnadzor. In addition, school graduates choose several necessary subjects for admission to the university. You need to choose from the list of general education disciplines that are included in the USE list. How many compulsory subjects, for example, should an eleventh grader take when they want to go to university? This will depend on the chosen specialization. For example, a future programmer needs ICT and informatics.
USE assignments in mathematics can be completed in advance not only completely, but also repeatedly, for this there are official portals with open problem banks. Since this subject is compulsory, graduates do just that. But mathematics is different from mathematics. The same future programmers should not decide the basic version, but the profile one. The tasks of the USE in mathematics at the profile level require, meanwhile, only knowledge of the school course. On the website of the selected university, there is probably a free demonstration material that can be used in self-study.
List
Subjects, including compulsory ones, at the choice of a school graduate for admission to a university:
1. Russian language.
2. Profile and basic mathematics.
4. Physics.
5. Social science.
6. History.
7. Information and communication technologies and informatics.
8. Geography.
9. Biology.
10. Literature.
11. Foreign language (English, French, German, Spanish).
To get a high school diploma, you need to take only two compulsory subjects - Russian and mathematics. Further, on a voluntary basis, a graduate can take any subjects of his own choice in accordance with the requirements of a certain one. Everything depends on the planned direction of training, that is, the specialty.
change
Since not too fast, but cardinal changes are taking place in the country, this cannot but affect the education system. The Ministry of Education and Science has accumulated a lot of complaints from the population of the country. Of course, this system of passing exams has its advantages, such as the option of preventing corruption and the independence of the resulting assessment of knowledge. But there are a lot of downsides too. By 2019, it is planned to develop a mechanism for passing the exam in six subjects, as well as to increase the number of certifications for elementary schools. Of course, knowledge must be assessed systematically so that students acquire skills that increase responsibility and order.
In the minus of the existing organization of the exam, both parents and teachers put the test nature of the exam. Most students just try to guess correct option response. This system should have been abolished a long time ago, replaced by a survey form that existed until 2009. Of course, both rehearsals and polls are necessary. public opinion, before anything new is introduced into this system, because, first of all, it is necessary to understand how each of these changes will improve the situation.
Deadlines and assignments
Conducting the exam on the territory of the Russian Federation, as well as outside it, provides for a single schedule. Each subject has its own duration of the exam. In January of this year, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation issues a decree that approves a unified schedule and duration of each exam. It also gives the entire list of funds that will be needed for training and education and will be used during the exam.
FIPI (Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements) develops examination tasks (KIM), that is, complexes of standardized tasks, with the help of which the level of development of the educational standard will be established. On the FIPI website, you can familiarize yourself in advance with the section of the demonstration versions of the USE for each subject, as well as with the documents that regulate the content and structure of the KIM - with all codifiers and specifications. Tasks can be both with detailed and short answers. The oral answers of the examiners in foreign languages are recorded using audio tapes. This section ("speaking") is still on a voluntary basis.
Responsibility
Information of control measuring materials that are used for state certification cannot be disclosed, since it refers to information with restricted access. Therefore, everyone who will be involved in the conduct of the exam, as well as persons taking the exam during the period of its conduct, are responsible for disclosing KIM information in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.
If the KIM information is published, for example, on the Internet, this will become evidence of the presence of signs of an offense under Articles 13.14 and 19.30 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation; 59, part 11 of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation "On Education in the Russian Federation".
results
The state final certification, which is carried out in the form of the Unified State Examination, uses a hundred-point assessment system in all subjects, except for basic mathematics. Separately, for each subject, a minimum number of points is set, and if the examinee has overcome this threshold, then his mastery of the educational program of the general average level will be confirmed.
When the verification of examination papers is completed, the results of the exam in all subjects are considered by the chairman of the SEC, after which he decides to cancel, change or approve them. The approval of the results takes place within one working day after the verification of all examination papers.
Appeals
If the examining high school graduate is not satisfied with the points received, he has the opportunity to file an appeal of disagreement within two days from the date of the announcement of the results of the exam. It is drawn up in writing and submitted to the educational organization that gave admission to the examinee for the exam.
Graduates of previous years and other categories of USE participants can appeal to the place of registration for delivery or to others that the region has determined. The results of the USE for each examinee exist only in the federal information system, and paper certificates about them are not provided. Their term is four years.
Resurrender
If a graduate of this current year receives a result that is below the established minimum score for any of the compulsory subjects, he can retake the exam again - additional terms are provided for this in a single schedule. If, in any category, the USE participant fails to obtain a minimum score in the subjects that he has chosen for admission to the university, then the retake will take place only after a year.
Since 2015, all students can take the USE in compulsory subjects up to three times (this applies only to mathematics and the Russian language). This is possible either on additional days if only one subject is failed, or in autumn (September, October). In the latter case, admission to the university can no longer take place, since the required deadlines have passed, but the student will receive a certificate.
