What roof angle for metal tiles can be considered optimal, installation rules. Minimum slope of a metal tile roof Minimum slope of a metal roof

Roofs made of metal tiles are a practical and popular solution for the construction of private low-rise buildings. This roofing material is characterized by high bearing capacity, resistance to mechanical damage. external factors environments and intense workloads. The durability and reliability of the finish coating depend not only on quality, these characteristics are influenced by the design of the roof, including the correctly selected minimum slope. In this article, we will tell you how to choose the right slope angle and check it for compliance with SNiP.

The slope of the roof is an important design parameter, which indicates the angle formed by the plane of the floors and the roof slope. This indicator is expressed as a percentage or degrees. It is calculated as the result of dividing the height of the ridge by half the width of the building. The angle of inclination of the slope depends on the technical and operational properties material and is regulated by SNiP and the manufacturer's instructions. Depends on it:

The possibility of using one or another type of roofing.
The design, composition and section of the elements of the truss frame.
The ability of the roof to effectively remove rainfall.
Roofing cost.
Roofing cake weight.

Note! If the slope of the metal tile roof is increased from 22 degrees to 45 degrees, the slope area will increase by 20%, which will affect the cost of materials (finishing, waterproofing, insulation, wood), as well as the weight of the structure. It is necessary to decide on the optimal angle of inclination during the preparation of the project in order to correctly determine the load on the foundation.

Optimal values

Roofs made of metal tiles - relatively new constructive solution, therefore, the technology of its installation and operation is not clearly regulated by SNiP. Information about what the minimum roof slope should be is provided by the manufacturer, since this indicator directly depends on the technical characteristics of the material itself. This indicator is calculated in accordance with the thickness, bearing capacity and method of laying the roofing.

According to SNiP, the minimum angle of inclination of a metal roof, if the slope is 6 meters long, must be at least 14 degrees.
The permissible slope for a metal roof is in the range of 14-45 degrees.
The optimal angle of inclination, which ensures the effective removal of precipitation with less mercy on the slopes, should be 22 degrees.

Important! Minimum slope roofs made of metal, which manufacturers allow, is 11 degrees. Some grades of material can be laid even if the slope is 10 degrees. The reduction in this indicator has made it possible to achieve the use of new, smoother polymers and stronger steel for the production of roofing.

Slope selection

It can be difficult for a non-professional builder to correctly choose the minimum angle of inclination of a metal roof. This indicator, in addition to the requirements of SNiP and manufacturer's recommendations, is influenced by other factors that must also be taken into account. When choosing the steepness of the slope, the following is taken into account:

Please note that the choice of the steepness of the slopes depends on the design of the roof. Optimum slope angle pitched roof from a metal tile is 20-30 degrees, and a gable - 20-45 degrees.

Features of roofs with a small slope

The minimum recommended angle of inclination of a metal roof is 14 degrees, however, experienced craftsmen can lay this type of roof with high quality. roofing material, even if the steepness of the slopes is in the range of 10-14 degrees. To increase the reliability of this design and reduce the risk of leaks, the following measures must be taken:

Increase the frequency of the battens and reduce the pitch between the rafters. To minimize the risk of roof collapse due to intense snow load, it is necessary to strengthen the truss frame of the structure and mount a frequent or continuous crate.
Increase overlaps. Manufacturers recommend that when installing metal tiles, make a horizontal overlap of 8 cm, and a vertical one of 10-15. To eliminate the possibility of leakage in structures with gentle slopes, you can increase the overlap at the joints of the sheets.
Isolate joints. To prevent the penetration of melt and rainwater between the joints of the sheets, it is possible to treat the seams with silicone sealant, although this measure has a limited duration.

Experienced craftsmen say that the easiest way to make a reliable metal roof is to follow the manufacturer's recommendations and strictly observe the recommended angle of inclination.

Video instruction

When erecting a roof, you should decide on the angle of its inclination, which will depend not only on the wishes of the developer, the desired contours and design of the house. Roofing material is of great importance for this parameter. When working with metal tiles, the angle will differ from the possible angle allowed when working with slate or metal.

What affects slope

There are several factors that have the greatest influence on the choice of a particular angle of a roof covered with metal tiles. Among them, one can single out:

wind load;
snow load;
roof shape;
average rainfall.

To calculate this parameter, it is necessary to know exactly the total area of the slope and the wind strength characteristic of a particular region. The area of the slope is easy to calculate by yourself, but you will have to look for the strength of the wind in special reference books. When erecting a roof, it is also necessary to take into account the possible maximum wind load that occurs during cataclysms.

Snow load

This is a value representing the total mass of snow that can be held on the roof until it slides. This parameter is of great importance in the calculation, since the weight of snow can easily deform it if there are errors in the calculations.

For each locality, the handbooks contain certain figures for the average amount of snow, the information in the handbooks has been collected by specialists for more than a decade and is completely true.

thermal insulation

Roof insulation also affects its condition. This is due to the fact that with poor thermal insulation, the roof warms up and the amount of snow on it gradually decreases. After the roof does not warm up and the amount of snow on its surface gradually increases.

If the calculation of the structure was performed without taking into account thermal insulation, then it will probably not withstand the snow load after insulation, this point should be taken into account.

The shape also influences the choice of a particular angle. So, for single-pitched roofs, it is customary to make a slope from 20 0 to 30 0, and for gable roofs from 20 0 to 45 0. It is connected with design features each type of roof.

To achieve such a good result was possible by reducing the roughness and applying a special surface coating.

The minimum slope of a roof made of metal tiles cannot always be applied. A small slope of a metal roof has both positive and negative points.

Positive moments of a small angle of inclination:

reduced consumption of roofing material;
reduced weight;
ease of installation of weirs.

Negative moments of a small angle:

the use of reinforced crates;
high requirements to load capacity due to the likelihood of accumulation of large amounts of snow;
increased requirements for the tightness of all joints due to the small angle of incidence of water during rain;
the inability to create attics or large attics.

The positive aspects of a large slope of the roof:

the possibility of moisture getting into the joints of the roofing material during rain is almost completely excluded. This is due to the large angle of incidence of drops;
reduced, and at angles from 45 0 practically absent snow load. No need to equip a snow retention system;
the possibility of using simple fasteners, such as screws and nails;
the possibility of creating attics and rooms in the attic.

Negative moments of a large slope:

high consumption of material, both roofing and truss systems;
heavy weight of the roof;
high wind load due to the large windage of the roof;
the complexity of water disposal, this is due to the large area on which water accumulates.

The best option is to use the average angle of the roof slope, which allows you to get the best performance. Calculating the right angle always comes down to finding a compromise between the strength of the roof and possible architectural refinements.

Among all modern roofing materials, metal tiles are considered the leader in consumer sympathy. Why did this particular roof become so widely used? To answer this question, you need to compare the technical and operational characteristics of metal tiles and other roofing materials.

Minimum Angle metal roof slope

Parameter	Brief comparative characteristic
	The weight of metal sheets ranges from 5–7 kg/m2, the spread is associated with different thicknesses. The corrugated board has the same mass, the differences between both roofs are only in the geometry of the profile. Only roll coatings weigh less, but they have limited areas of use. All other roofing materials weigh much more. For example, square meter ordinary slate can weigh more than 30 kg. The mass of the coating is an important technical parameter, the truss system depends on it, sometimes the weight of the roof must be taken into account when calculating the foundation of the structure.
Manufacturability of installation	For the manufacture of metal tiles, thin-sheet steel up to 0.6 mm thick is used. Such sheets can be cut without problems not only with electric, but also with manual special tools. The disadvantage is a significant amount of waste metal tiles during the coating of complex pitched roofs.
Operating time	If the material is made by responsible manufacturers, the thickness and quality of the zinc layer is precisely maintained, and innovative polymer coatings are used to finish the outer layers, then the service life can exceed fifty years. But the problem is that consumers do not have the opportunity to independently and objectively control the quality of galvanizing and the parameters of polymer paints, they have to trust the advertising of manufacturers or distributors. And among them there are quite a few unscrupulous. In terms of service life, metal tiles are second only to piece natural tiles, but only in the case of high-quality and expensive species coatings.
Design qualities	Despite the efforts of technologists to bring as close as possible appearance metal and natural tiles, the similarity between them, except for the name, is very arbitrary. The color palette is very wide, from natural to blue and other very original colors. This, on the one hand, increases the design possibilities of architects, and on the other hand, makes the difference in the appearance of metal and natural tiles even more noticeable and so big. The presence of the word "tile" in the name of the product is a good marketing ploy to increase the number of sales. Consumers react positively to such advertising - everyone has real respect for tiles.
Price	For comparison, you need to take the average cost of all price categories, and the spread is quite large. At an average cost, a metal tile is cheaper than only piece coatings, while other roofing materials have a lower price. In fact, one should take into account not only the cost of materials, but also the financial costs of their installation. With such a comprehensive comparison, the metal tile is second only to the metal profile.

If a decision is made to use metal tiles for roofing, then the manufacturer's recommendations should be strictly followed to ensure tightness. They regulate several parameters of the rafter system and slopes, including the minimum angle of inclination.

Why is the angle of inclination of the metal tile important?

This indicator is important not only for metal tiles, but also for all other types of roofing. What parameters depend on the angle of inclination of a metal roof?

Rafter Load Calculator

How is the slope of a metal tile roof determined?

Previously, the slope was determined only in degrees, this value was clear to all builders and they could imagine the appearance of the roof without a drawing. V Lately another definition of the magnitude of the slope was introduced into the building codes - as a percentage, there was more confusion, what little people know about the changes. If roofers easily understand how the roof slopes are at an angle of 30 °, then few of them can draw a rough sketch of a roof with a slope of 57.7%. Although these are the same 30 °.

Slope calculation algorithm

Slope - the ratio of the height of the roof in the ridge zone to half the width of the building, calculated by the formula

I% = H×0.5L×100, where

I - the slope of the roof slope in percent. The smaller the percentage, the smaller the slope, a 1° angle equals a 1.8% slope, and a 45° angle equals a 100% slope.
H - The height of the truss system. The height of the ridge or ridge run is measured.
L is the width of the truss system. When calculating, half the width is taken to determine the difference in size between the two legs of the triangle.

For example, if the height of the ridge is 1 m, and the width of the building is 10 m, then for gable roof the slope is 1:0.5×10×100=20%.

This formula is used for gable roof systems. In our case, it needs to be adjusted. The fact is that there are no gable roofs with a minimum angle of inclination, these are options for only single-pitched truss systems. This means that it is not necessary to divide the width of the building by two, the formula changes. For flat pitched roofs, the slope is determined by the formula:

That is, in the above example, the calculation is performed as follows: 1:10×100=10%.

In order to calculate the length of the slope based on the percentage of slope, it is necessary to use special tables or geometric formulas. If one of the parties is known right triangle, then the slope percentage allows you to calculate the second leg, then the angle is calculated using trigonometric formulas, and only after that the length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle is calculated. The length of the slope is the main parameter during the design of the truss system and determining the amount of materials for covering the roof. Without this value it is impossible to buy right amount metal tiles, choose the best option for roofing, decide on architectural style building.

In degrees, the angle of inclination is determined much easier; all existing construction tools use the principle of an ordinary school protractor in their work.

Calculator for calculating the length of rafter legs

What is the minimum tilt angle

Of course, with such parameters there can only be flat pitched roofs. Most developers think that the slope of the roof is only needed to drain water and minimize snow accumulation. Is this really the case, let's find out in more detail. Design features of the appearance are not related to engineering calculations and are not taken into account yet.

Manufacturers indicate a minimum angle of inclination of 10–11 °, why is there such a restriction?

How practically the angle of inclination affects the performance of the roof

Roof slope ratings have a significant impact on roof performance. Not all of them are positive, there are also negative ones.

Advantages of a large angle of inclination

The minimum slope angle for a roof made of metal tiles is very rare in practice. Why do developers not want to have such structures on their buildings? What are the benefits of increased slope? The simplest and most correct answer is that natural tiles are laid only on slopes with a slope of at least 30 °, respectively, its metal imitation will look very strange on flat roofs.

How to determine the angle of inclination

In addition, a large angle provides the following advantages.

Reduces the likelihood of moisture getting between the sheets of the coating. This problem has already been considered in more detail above, and with an increase in the angle of inclination, the situation improves much.
Significantly reduces the load on all elements of the truss system in winter period time. The higher the slope, the less snow on the roof. But with an increase in this parameter, the windage of the roof simultaneously increases, this should be borne in mind when designing the truss system. Moreover, the forces from the wind do not act vertically, but horizontally, which requires special construction measures to increase the stability of load-bearing structures in the horizontal direction.
The large height of the roof ridge allows developers to significantly expand the options for using attic space. In many cases, they can be converted into residential ones - the living area of \u200b\u200bthe house increases with minimal financial additions.

An example of a hip roof with a large angle of inclination

There are also negative aspects of increasing the slope of the roof slopes.

The cost of the roof increases: the truss system becomes more complicated, the actual consumption of all building materials, including roofing, increases.
There are problems during the operation of the roof. Often it is required to install additional engineering communications on the roof, perform repair work etc. The greater the slope, the more difficult it is for the craftsmen, the more difficult the safety devices.
The wind load increases. It is necessary to change the design of the truss system.
There is a need to install snow retainers. Snow does not avalanche from flat roofs; there is no need to install special snow retainers. Experienced builders know that every extra hole in roofing materials reduces the reliability of the coating.

On roofs with a large angle of inclination, snow guards are necessary

Practical advice. The greatest amount of snow accumulates on slopes with a slope of 20-35°, this should be borne in mind when making a final decision.

What Factors to Consider When Choosing a Slope

Most buildings with metal roofing have an angle of inclination in the range of 45–60 °, the higher the inclination, the more comfortable the attic rooms. The choice of the optimal angle of inclination should begin with an analysis of the weather conditions.

Important. When choosing the parameters of the truss system, one cannot take into account only the advice of designers, the main attention should be paid to the reliability and practicality of the design. And these parameters depend on engineering solutions and the correct calculations of the roof elements.

Features of the truss system with a slight slope of the slope

On time design flat roofs with a minimum slope, architects take all measures to increase the stability of the structure. Of the many existing options solutions to the problem are those that require minimal financial investment.

Reduce the pitch of the rafters

This allows the use of ordinary boards with a thickness of not more than 50 mm for their manufacture. Economic calculations show that it is much more profitable to reduce the pitch by about 10–15 cm than to manufacture truss system from thick lumber.

Edged board rafters

Use extra stops

Not all truss systems allow the use of this method, but at the slightest opportunity, designers provide for them. The fact is that for the manufacture of stops, you can use the cheapest materials, including used ones. Only vertical forces act on them, and the lumber holds them perfectly. The boards have low values of resistance to bending, they work very well in compression.

Rafters on supports

Seal joints securely

Flat roofs are shed, they do not have valleys, this greatly simplifies the process of building structures and reduces the likelihood of leaks. But such structures have their own problems - a high probability of undermining the sheets of metal tiles with gusts of wind. This is explained by the fact that a significant speed of movement of air masses along the surface of the coating creates a rarefaction above it. Accordingly, there are significant efforts that tear off the sheets from the crate. Self-tapping screws for fixing metal tiles have rubber gaskets to seal the holes. If they are often compressed / unclenched, then microcracks form due to material fatigue. In the future, they increase in size and can cause water leaks.

Self-tapping screws for metal tiles

For flat roofs, leaks are more dangerous than for pitched roofs for two reasons.

First, the small attic space of a flat roof makes periodic monitoring of its condition much more difficult, leaks are often detected only after negative consequences are noticeable in the interior. Late elimination of problems significantly increases the cost of repairs.
Second - natural ventilation the under-roof space of flat roofs is much worse than pitched ones. As a result, the evaporation of moisture takes more time, wooden structures wet, which accelerates the development of putrefactive processes.

flat roof house

Reduce pitch between screws

Manufacturers recommend screwing self-tapping screws in a checkerboard pattern through the wave. But this recommendation is justified by pitched roofs with an inclination angle of at least 20°. For flat roofs, professional craftsmen advise reducing the distance between the hardware. This is done in order to increase the reliability of fixing sheets of metal tiles and eliminate the likelihood of them being blown up by the wind.

Conclusion

The more carefully you approach the choice of the slope of the roof from the metal tile, the less problems will appear during the operation of the building. It must be remembered that sometimes the cost of repairing a roof can exceed the cost of building a new one. And if, due to leaks, it is necessary to change the decoration of the walls and ceiling of the interior, then you will have to lose very large financial resources.

Mistakes in the construction of the truss system are not only expensive, they have an extremely negative effect on the life of buildings, you should always keep this in mind. If your own knowledge is not enough, it is recommended to seek help from professional specialists. This will cost much less than the elimination of construction errors.

Video - How to measure the slope angle

The foundation and the roof are the two most important and complex architectural elements of any building. The load-bearing elements of the roof are the truss system, and its performance largely depends on the angle of inclination of the slopes. Ordinary developers choose the optimal roof slope based on criteria other than designers. And how to choose and calculate the optimal angle of inclination of a gable roof, read on our website.

Advantages and disadvantages of metal tiles

Affordable price and increased performance characteristics allow metal tiles to occupy a leading position in the roofing materials sales market.

The positive aspects of its use are:

light weight - about 5 kg / m2, as a result, there is no need to build a complex truss system;
does not require special skills during installation;
wear resistance;
long service life;
elegant and festive look, suitable for any design developments.

Among the shortcomings, users and experts most often note:

increased noise during rain or hail;
the need to use snow retainers due to an avalanche of snow;
a large number of fasteners that are under the direct influence of precipitation;
a grounding device is required to protect against the buildup of static electricity.

NOTE! It should be noted that there is a type of metal tile with an additional protective layer as crumb topping natural stone. Unlike classic spraying, this composite coating gives a solid appearance and well protects the house from noise penetration.

The composition of the roofing sheet

The quality indicators of metal-tiled roofs largely depend on:

the required minimum thickness of the steel sheet is at least 0.4 mm. With a small slope, a coating with a thickness of less than 0.4 mm may not withstand the snow load. Increasing the slope, to reduce this impact factor, increases the possibility of increased wind load, which also negatively affects the metal thinner than the specified value;
corrosion from possible damage during transportation or unprofessional work using a grinder when cutting sheets. It is important in cases where it is impossible to do without the use of a grinder to treat the cutting site with a protective compound;
obligatory presence of an anti-condensation screen from waterproofing film. It is necessary to know that a superdiffusion protective membrane cannot be used as such an anti-condensation material, since its use implies more frequent and prolonged exposure to moisture on the inner surface of the sheet.

The angle of the roof for metal tiles

The minimum angle of inclination of a metal roof is 10 degrees.

The permissible slope of a metal roof can be between 10o and 90o.

In choosing the optimal slope, it must be taken into account that if the slope is too small, it will be difficult to use the attic space.

In the case of a high building height, it may be difficult to access the roof for technical measures. From an increase in the angle of inclination, an increase in surface area occurs, which will negatively affect the final cost of materials and work performed.

The correct calculation of the parameters of the angle of inclination is impossible without taking into account the following components:

which of the models of the corrugated surface of the metal tile will be selected for use. The characteristics of some manufacturers initially included data on the minimum allowable slope;
what design is meant - single-sided or double-sided;
the possibility of snow removal after the installation of the roof.

IMPORTANT! Taking into account these conditions, without having additional inputs in the form of a special climatic zone, it is possible to take as the basis for the optimal slope with a slope length of about 6 m. p. A value of 22 degrees.

This figure is not in the technical documents for the installation of roofs, it was obtained empirically as a result of observations of the exploited metal-tiled surface.

How to choose a roof angle for a metal tile?

How to calculate the optimal slope?

To accurately calculate the angle of inclination, you need to know two dimensions:

height roof structure, in other words, the vertical distance from the top of the parapet on which the rafter leg, to the skate;
the width of the house.

For a shed roof, the slope will be the value obtained by dividing the height of the structure by the width of the house. In case of calculation gable roof the height is taken and divided by half the width of the house. Since it is customary to express slopes as a percentage, the resulting figure is multiplied by 100.

To obtain a more accurate result, use not the floor slab as a reference point for the distance to the ridge, as many mistakenly believe, but the top of the parapet, as the basis for supporting the rafters.

In practice, there are options for roofing, the minimum slope for metal tiles is less than 10 degrees. Special building guidelines apply to such exceptions.

The step of the metal tile depending on the angle of the roof

In view of the increased snow load, a reinforced structure of the truss system is made with a continuous sheathing device. A waterproofing carpet is laid on it, subject to all norms. When laying under the transverse and longitudinal joints of the sheets, special gaskets are installed.

>Useful video

We invite you to watch a video tutorial on self-measurement of the corner of the roof:

Roofs made of metal tiles are a practical and popular solution for the construction of private low-rise buildings. This roofing material is characterized by high bearing capacity, resistance to mechanical damage, external environmental factors and heavy loads. The durability and reliability of the finish coating depend not only on quality, these characteristics are influenced by the design of the roof, including the correctly selected minimum slope. In this article, we will tell you how to choose the right slope angle and check it for compliance with SNiP.

What is a slope?

The slope of the roof is an important design parameter, which indicates the angle formed by the plane of the floors and the roof slope. This indicator is expressed as a percentage or degrees. It is calculated as the result of dividing the height of the ridge by half the width of the building. The angle of inclination of the slope depends on the technical and operational properties of the material and is regulated by SNiP and the manufacturer's instructions. Depends on it:

The possibility of using one or another type of roofing.
The design, composition and section of the elements of the truss frame.
The ability of the roof to effectively remove rainfall.
Roofing cost.
Roofing cake weight.

Note! If the slope of the metal tile roof is increased from 22 degrees to 45 degrees, the slope area will increase by 20%, which will affect the cost of materials (finishing, waterproofing, insulation, wood), as well as the weight of the structure. It is necessary to decide on the optimal angle of inclination during the preparation of the project in order to correctly determine the load on the foundation.

Roof slope calculation

Optimal values

Roofs made of metal tiles are a relatively new constructive solution, therefore the technology of its installation and operation is not clearly regulated by SNiP. Information about what the minimum roof slope should be is provided by the manufacturer, since this indicator directly depends on the technical characteristics of the material itself. This indicator is calculated in accordance with the thickness, bearing capacity and method of laying the roofing.

According to SNiP, the minimum angle of inclination of a metal roof, if the slope is 6 meters long, must be at least 14 degrees.
The permissible slope for a metal roof is in the range of 14-45 degrees.
The optimal angle of inclination, which ensures the effective removal of precipitation with less mercy on the slopes, should be 22 degrees.

The optimal angle of inclination for metal tiles

The choice of roof design

Important! The minimum slope of a metal roof, which manufacturers allow, is 11 degrees. Some grades of material can be laid even if the slope is 10 degrees. The reduction in this indicator has made it possible to achieve the use of new, smoother polymers and stronger steel for the production of roofing.

Slope selection

Please note that the choice of the steepness of the slopes depends on the design of the roof. The optimal angle of inclination of the slopes of a shed roof made of metal is 20-30 degrees, and a gable roof is 20-45 degrees.

Features of roofs with a small slope

The minimum recommended slope angle of a metal roof is 14 degrees, however, experienced craftsmen can lay this type of roofing material with high quality, even if the slope of the slopes is in the range of 10-14 degrees. To increase the reliability of this design and reduce the risk of leaks, the following measures must be taken:

Increase the frequency of the battens and reduce the pitch between the rafters. To minimize the risk of roof collapse due to intense snow load, it is necessary to strengthen the truss frame of the structure and mount a frequent or continuous crate.
Increase overlaps. Manufacturers recommend that when installing metal tiles, make a horizontal overlap of 8 cm, and a vertical one of 10-15. To eliminate the possibility of leakage in structures with gentle slopes, you can increase the overlap at the joints of the sheets.
Isolate joints. To prevent the penetration of melt and rainwater between the joints of the sheets, it is possible to treat the seams with silicone sealant, although this measure has a limited duration.

Step between rafters depending on the slope

Experienced craftsmen say that the easiest way to make a reliable metal roof is to follow the manufacturer's recommendations and strictly observe the recommended angle of inclination.

The minimum slope of the hip roof. What is the minimum angle of inclination of a roof from a metal tile

The construction concept of "slope" is associated with the slope of the roof. This is the angle of the slope to the horizontal surface. A smaller degree of angle makes the roof slope steeper. The calculation of the angle is based on the principle: the height of the ridge board is divided by 0.5 of the width of the room, as a percentage - multiply by 100. Visually: we divide the width of 20 m and the height of 5 m and get 0.5, multiply by 100 and get 50%.

The minimum angle of inclination is affected by the climatic conditions of the area. A slope of 30 degrees is used in regions with heavy precipitation. In arid areas, roofs are built with a slope of 10-25 degrees.

Building material - metal tile - is used in the construction of buildings of various complexity. Exception - the minimum angle of inclination for a metal tile is from 14 degrees, no less. Such a slope is able to withstand strong gusts of wind, unlike snow, which cannot roll down such a small slope.

The minimum slope allows you to save on building materials. Reliability and a solid foundation of the roof will be created by a wooden crate, a small distance between its boards will make the fastening of the metal tile strong.

A few tips for setting and coordinating the minimum roof pitch

Layers of metal tiles should be laid on a perfectly flat surface, the height of the row cannot be more than one meter
Take layers should be in construction gloves that protect hands from damage
You need to hold the layer by the edges
Securely fasten the metal tile to the crate with construction screws
Walk on the roof of metal tiles in special soft shoes that do not damage the surface of the roof, do not step on the waves of tiles
Cutting metal tiles should be carried out according to a preliminary scheme, measuring the right dimensions sheets

Preliminary Processes:

The truss system must be completely ready. We measure slopes
We eliminate the existing errors of the triangular shape with additional details
It is recommended to get rid of moisture between the metal tile and the insulation layer thanks to the crate (height 0.4 cm)
We leave gaps of 0.5 centimeters in the cornice sheathing
We lay waterproofing on the rafter boards. From the edge of the cornice board, the waterproofing should have a sag of 0.2 centimeters. We lay the waterproofing joints with an overlap of 15 cm.
We insulate the roofs with special plates. We lay them between the rafters
We apply the next layer - vapor barrier

Detailed introduction to the video in the next tab.

Additions for the installation of the roof and the arrangement of its minimum slope

Roof installation involves a complex process, and to avoid important nuances just not possible:

It is impossible to mount a metal tile in the upper bend of the wave
Self-tapping screws are not tight
Don't use a hammer
Screw in self-tapping screws with a special lining
When cutting metal tiles, you need to use electric scissors or other special tools (do not use a grinder)
Do not use construction foam

The slope of the roof is formed due to the structure of the rafters, it is they who create the angle. For details on installing the roof and setting its minimum angle, see the video in the next tab.

Tiles - roofing material made of fired clay, plastic or metal.

The metal tile is considered one of the most reliable and durable materials, due to its characteristics, such as wear resistance, practicality and decent appearance. Thanks to her, it is possible to update the old roof. To do this, you do not need to remove the used materials - on the contrary, they will serve as additional waterproofing. For proper installation, the minimum slope of the roof from the metal tile is calculated.

Metal roofing is one of the most durable and strong materials.

Many people have a question, what is a bias. Slope - the angle of inclination of the slope to the horizon. The larger the angles, the steeper the roofs. To calculate the slope, you need to divide the height of the ridge by 1/2 of the width of the building, and to express this value as a percentage, multiply it by 100. For example, with a building width of 10 m and a ridge height of 4 m, the slope will be: 4: 5 = 4 / 5 = 0.8. To express as a percentage, multiply by 100: 0.8*100=80%.

Installation instructions will be incomplete without some rules. It is strictly forbidden:

fasten the metal tile to the upper deflection of the wave;
excessively tighten the screws;
use hammer;
use nails and self-tapping screws without gaskets;
use mounting foam as ridge and valley seals;
use an angle grinder such as a grinder.

Electric cutting is used for sheet cutting. nibblers or metal shears. Steel shavings and other debris are removed only with a soft brush. To protect the sheet from corrosion, it is necessary to immediately paint over all the scratches found during installation with special paint. Three months after the start of operation, it is necessary to tighten all mounting screws.

Our vast country is located in different climatic zones. If in the Far North and the Far East there is a strong wind and snow, then in the South of Russia there may be rain and wind. You need a very responsible approach to the choice of roofing material and the calculation of the slope of the roof of your house. The most practical is the choice of metal tiles because they are inexpensive, durable and beautiful. But it depends on the expected wind load and, typical for your region, precipitation. So what should be the minimum angles of inclination of your metal roof? This question must be answered.

V modern construction a wide variety of roofing materials are used, but metal tiles are deservedly considered one of the most popular materials. In many countries, such material as tiles has long been manufactured. Therefore, the use of metal not only reduces the cost of the final cost of the product, but also serves as a harmonious continuation of ancient traditions. To the high technical specifications metal tiles include:

the use of galvanizing the sheet and its coating with durable polymer paints in order to impart anti-corrosion properties;
wide choice of color architectural solutions;
manufacturability and ease of installation of the roof, which does not require the use of special tools and devices;
the lightness of the material, which allows it to be mounted at high altitudes and in conditions of complex truss structures;
no heavy load on the rafters due to the light weight of the sheet;
with a relatively thin sheet, it can withstand quite large loads, since it has stiffeners.

All of these properties make it possible to use this coating in difficult climatic conditions. To calculate the amount of material, you need to know the minimum angle of inclination of the metal roof.

How to determine the angle of the roof in your area

To calculate the strength of the roof structure and the number required material you need to know the optimal one. A number of factors must be taken into account, including:

projected number of slopes;
used roof space;
Economy indicators;
structure weight.

It would seem that the steeper the slope, the better, but this leads to an increase in material consumption and increased weight, as well as to a large wind load on the structure. Therefore, there is such a thing as the optimal angle of inclination of a roof made of metal.

A slight slope, about 10-12 degrees, has its drawbacks, which require an increase in the rows of the crate and reinforcement of the rafters, due to the increased snow load. In addition, you should take care of improved waterproofing and the need to increase the overlap of sheets. This is done to prevent leaks at the joints with gentle slopes. Roofs of this design are best suited for the southern regions, where the snow cover does not have a lot of weight, and the average annual temperature is not too low. In the summer, sloping roofs warm up less, which creates comfortable living conditions in the home.

Steep slopes, ranging from 30 to 45 degrees, are more suitable for regions with lower temperatures and frequent snowfalls, but one must take into account the increasing wind load on the roof and the building as a whole. It is also important to take into account the strength characteristics of metal tiles, which are laid down by the manufacturer of the material. It is necessary to fasten the sheets, in the case of steep slopes, more often than usual, because they are prone to slipping under the influence of gravity. The greater the angle of inclination of the roof, the more time-consuming during installation and less economical it will turn out.

What is the optimal angle of inclination of the roof recommended by the manufacturers of this building material? After the tests, enterprises producing metal tiles recommend using it when the slope is from 11 to 45 degrees. In this case, the most acceptable is the angle of inclination from 12 to 22 degrees. Building codes and regulations do not give clearly expressed recommendations on this matter, but the preferred, with a slope length of about 6 meters, is an angle of inclination equal to 14 degrees. We have come to the choice of the most economical way to cover the roof, which is determined by such a concept as the minimum slope of a metal roof.

What is the minimum slope and how to determine it

Depending on the climate zone, architectural solution and aesthetic preferences of the owners of the dwelling, erect roofs of the following types:

a multi-gable roof with a complex and slender design;
vaulted roof as an element of national culture in architecture;
hip roof, complex four-pitched structure;
hipped roof, a combination of isosceles triangles;
gable roof, widespread and time-tested;
the roof is shed, used mainly for technical and utility rooms or as an element of a more complex structure.

Multi-gable and vaulted roofs are not suitable for the use of metal tiles, which are used only in the elements of these structures. While hip roofs are quite widely used in middle lane and are characterized by the choice of minimum tilt angles ranging from 22 to 45 degrees. The hipped roof is used as decorative element, and the angle of inclination of the isosceles triangles is in direct proportion to the area covered by the tent. This structural element very economical to manufacture, and the angle of inclination ranges from 35 to 45 degrees.

One of the most popular roofs, gable. The manufacturer recommends observing the minimum angles of inclination of the roof in the range of 12 to 14 degrees. Given the harsh climate, it can be recommended to expand these limits from 14 to 22 degrees of slope. It is with such characteristics that the roof resists possible strong winds well, and also represents an almost monolithic structure that prevents the penetration of moisture into the under-roof space of the building.

For shed roofs, the minimum angles of inclination range from 11 to 14 degrees, since large angles of inclination create the risk of the roof falling off during multidirectional wind gusts. In the climatic conditions of Russia, it is necessary to adhere to the minimum slope of the slopes from 14 to 22 degrees. When building in a flat or mountainous area, it is necessary to take into account the landscape and the wind rose, depending on the season.

In choosing the type of roof, the taste preferences of each person play a decisive role. Everyone wants to build a house so that it is beautiful, comfortable and serves for many years. The roof crowns the building and it receives special attention because it not only decorates, but also protects from the effects of an aggressive environment. In order for it to serve for many years, you need to properly design it and build it correctly. And to save money, you need to choose the right slope of this roof for metal tiles, taking into account the climatic conditions of your region.

Why the roof should not be too flat
The minimum allowable and optimal slope for metal tiles
Design features of the truss system
- What materials and tools will be needed
- Assembling a warming cake
- Installation of metal tiles

The minimum angle of inclination of roofs made of metal tiles is one of the most important parameters, which must be taken into account when developing a project for a truss system at home. A reliable and durable roof will be obtained only if the standards recommended by the manufacturer are observed.

The minimum allowable and optimal slope for metal tiles

Since roofing sheets of this variety are made of high-quality steel, they can withstand quite serious loads. However, their relief texture contributes to the retention of a large amount of snow on the roof in winter. And therefore, it is still not recommended to do too gentle slopes for this material, as well as for any others, despite its strength.

The minimum slope of a metal tile roof is 12º. But most manufacturers still advise installing rafters under sheets of this variety at an angle of at least 14º. There are also special brands of metal tiles on the market, which can be mounted on very gentle slopes - only 11º. But this coverage option is rarely found on sale. In any case, when buying a metal tile of a particular brand, you should carefully study its technical passport. The allowable slope is indicated in it necessarily.

They make roofs with a slope of 12º quite rarely. Most often, the angle of inclination of the roof slopes country house, sheathed with metal tiles, is 34-35º. This is the best and actually very convenient option. With such a slope, the material does not take too much, and the roof itself looks harmonious and impressive. In addition, it is precisely such an angle that is easiest to make with a standard lumber length of 6 m. A roof steeper than 35 º should be assembled only if it is broken and it is planned to equip a residential attic under it. An angle of 40-45º is considered optimal for layered rafters of such roofs.

Installation of metal roofing

This material is installed on the roof frame with the obligatory observance of the following recommendations:

Sheets are cut with electric scissors, but by no means with a grinder.
Walking on already installed sheets should be in soft shoes, stepping between the waves.
Sheets are mounted using special self-tapping screws with rubber gaskets. These fasteners are not too tight.
Self-tapping screws are screwed when attaching sheets to the crate exclusively under the wave.

When sheathing rafters with a length of more than 6 m, the metal tile is installed in rows in height. The width of the horizontal overlap in this case is determined depending on the angle of inclination of the slope. The lower the roof, the more water lingers on it during rain and the more airtight the joints should be. Therefore, in the event that the angle of inclination of the roof rafters is 12-14º, the metal tile is laid with an overlap of at least two waves. If this indicator is equal to 14-35º, it is allowed to carry out installation with the overlay of the sheets of the upper row on one wave of the lower one.

What materials and tools will be needed

Since the material of the metal tile is cold, and during the rain it is also noisy, the roof sheathed with it is usually insulated. At the same time, not polystyrene foam is often used as an insulator, but mineral wool. The fact is that fibrous materials, among other things, are very good noise absorbers. In addition to mineral wool, for sheathing the roof with metal tiles you will need:

vapor barrier membrane;
waterproofing film;
roofing screws and galvanized nails;
thin steel wire;
bars with a thickness of at least 3 cm for the counter-lattice;
framing boards.

If the roof is not included, you will also need to purchase all the necessary additional materials: cornice strips, valleys, a pipe apron, a ridge strip, etc.

Of the tools you will need:

drill, screwdriver;
electric scissors for cutting metal tiles;
long rule and roulette;
construction stapler;
hammer;
folding ladder.

Assembling a warming cake

Installation of a roofing cake when used as a sheathing of a metal tile is carried out in the following order:

From the side of the attic, vapor barrier material is attached to the rafters. You can fix it with a construction stapler.
The heat insulator is installed. It should be installed between the rafters by surprise. In order to arrange a support under mineral wool, from the side of the attic on top vapor barrier film boards are stuffed or steel wire is fastened in a zigzag pattern.
A waterproofing material is mounted on top of the insulation. It should be fastened in a horizontal direction with a sag of about 2 cm. Otherwise, when the roof frame moves, the film may break. Fix the membrane to the rafters with bars.

Principles of insulation In total, there are two large classes of roof construction: flat and pitched (or attic). A…

During the construction of any house, great attention must be paid to the roof. It is important not only to choose the right roofing material, but also to calculate the angle of inclination. It is from this value that the strength and reliability of the structure will depend. Calculating the angle of inclination is not as easy as it might seem, since it is necessary to take into account many different factors, features of the roofing material, roof structure, and climatic region.

The slope angle is calculated separately for each part of a multi-level roof.

What affects the slope angle?

When made of metal tiles, it must be remembered that certain parameters have a great influence on such values. It is important to consider the following values:

A shed, gable or complex roof is planned for construction. Not only the angle of inclination will differ here, but also the consumption of material, the technology of laying the steel sheet.
Thickness and type of metal tile sheet (there may be a different overlap during laying, metal consumption).
Climatic region (taking into account snow, wind loads, the use of a sheet with a certain thickness, etc.).
The purpose of the building (residential building, garage, outbuildings, baths). Also in this case, it must be remembered that the presence or absence of an attic space, attic, has a special effect on the type, appearance, and height of the roof.
The general design of the building and the appearance of the facade (the roof must fully comply with common project at home, complementing it, not standing out, creating disharmony).

Features of metal roofing

One of the most popular roofing materials is metal roofing. This is a thin steel sheet that has a profile made in the form of a tile, exactly repeating its pattern. Such a sheet has numerous advantages: it is durable, has a low weight, that is, it does not exert heavy loads on the truss system. Its installation is not so difficult.

When determining what will be the angle of inclination for a roof made of such material, all the features of the steel sheet must be taken into account. In this case, it must be remembered that a minimum angle is required for metal tiles in order to ensure the stability of the roofing material to wind and snow loads. It is necessary to provide that the so-called swelling of the roof does not occur, which causes an increase in loads on the truss system, and this can lead to destruction.

The optimal value for a metal tile is the angle of inclination, which averages 22 degrees.

Installation of metal tiles is carried out at a minimum value of the angle of inclination of the roof of 14 degrees, the optimum is 22 degrees.

It is at this value that protection against accumulation of moisture on the surface of the roofing is provided. With this value, the maximum possible protection of the entire roof structure from melted, rainwater is ensured. The minimum possible angle of inclination should be from 14 degrees. But this limitation applies only to metal tiles, for other roofing options, for example, for flexible tiles, this value may be less (from 11 degrees).

It must be remembered that the angle of inclination also affects the installation methods. At a small angle, additional waterproofing is required from silicone sealant to prevent moisture from getting under the coating at the fasteners and joints of individual sheets. The overlap is also different, that is, when the angle of inclination changes, the consumption of metal tiles also changes.

Roof Slope Formula

To correctly calculate the angle of inclination for the roof of the house, you must use the simplest mathematical formulas. This will require data such as the height of the ridge of the roof of the house, the length of the span, the length of the rafters. The calculation of the angle of the roof depends on the height to which the ridge must be raised. But a lot depends on what exactly the under-roof space will be.

There are not many options. This is a residential attic, an attic room used or unused, a ventilated space, in cases of flat roofs this angle is calculated based on the fact that water can leave the surface without accumulating (usually a fixed angle of inclination of three degrees is used).

The angle of inclination of the roof depends on the width of the house and the height of the attic.

When constructing a full-fledged attic, it will be calculated as follows:

With a pediment width of, for example, six meters, it is necessary to divide this value in half, getting a value of 3 meters.
Let's say that the height of the roof is 1.8 meters. This is the default value that applies in most cases.
Now, using the mathematical formula, we get: sin A \u003d a / b \u003d 3 / 1.8 \u003d 1.67. using the Bradis table, we find that the sine of angle A, equal to 1.67, is 58-59 degrees. In this case, it will be more convenient to round, as a result, we get what is equal to 60 degrees.

This method of calculation is considered optimal, but other factors must also be taken into account, such as weather conditions, climatic zone, expected loads and roofing material. Metal, flexible, natural tiles, roofing iron and other materials can have a certain influence on the choice of angle.

Positive and negative factors

When calculating from a metal tile, you should not forget about two groups of factors that can be not only positive, but also negative. Consider first a positive group of criteria that can affect the construction of the roof:

The construction of residential under-roof spaces and attics, characterized by a large area;
Rain and other precipitation hitting the roof surface at a large angle. In this case, the possibility of water ingress between the elements of the roof is practically excluded, which prolongs the service life of the truss system, metal tiles;
With strong planned snow loads, it must be taken into account that with a large slope, for example, from 45 degrees, they can be ignored. In this case, you can not use snow retainers, which saves on materials;
With the right one, you can use ordinary standard fasteners for fastening, that is, simple self-tapping screws and nails.

Of the negative factors, it is necessary to note the following:

Changing the slope of a metal tile roof can increase the consumption of materials. So, with an increase in the angle from 15 degrees to 45, the flow rate will increase by about 20%.
The weight of the roof also becomes larger when the angle changes, and this leads to an increase in the load on the truss system. And this is an additional cost to strengthen the structure.
For sharp corners and high roofs, the windage increases greatly, that is, here you should not forget about strong wind loads. This requires strengthening the entire structure.
The drainage system is becoming more complicated, since for a larger area of \u200b\u200bthe roofing surface it is required to organize drainage system more throughput. Often it is very difficult to do this, it requires the installation of gutters for the roof in several tiers, which greatly increases the cost of the entire system and work.

When calculating the angle of inclination for any roof, not only from metal tiles, but also from other materials, it is necessary to pay attention to a variety of factors that are not limited only to the external attractiveness of the structure. It should be borne in mind that wind loads can be dangerous for high structures, and snow loads for low ones.

The correct slope of a metal tile roof is a requirement more practical than aesthetic. It is on him that the performance of the roof depends, the degree of protection of the house from atmospheric influences, for example, precipitation or wind, the operational life and consumption of materials. Perhaps it will seem to someone that the angle of inclination of the roof is a unified concept. However, this is not at all the case.

The slope of a metal roof is important. If we take into account the features of this material, then we can say that even more compared to others. Plus, it's less flexible.

How to determine the slope of the roof: by geometric dimensions or in degrees

To calculate the slope of a metal roof according to its dimensions, for example, for a gable roof with the same slopes, use the following ratio:
i \u003d H / (1 / 2L), where i is the desired slope, H is the distance from the ceiling to the ridge, that is, the height of the truss structure of the rafters, L is the size of the house in width. It is also customary to express roof pitch as a percentage. To do this, the value obtained by the formula is multiplied by another 100.

No less often, when calculating, you may need a slope value in degrees. It is expressed by the simplest trigonometric function arctg. There is no particular need to translate units, as there are corresponding ready-made tables.

Such a calculation can be carried out both for a two- and for a shed roof, with the only difference being that in the second case, in contrast to a gable with symmetrical slopes, the full length of the span is taken into account. If a roof with unequal slopes, use the value of the distance to the projection point of the ridge on the ceiling, while the angle of inclination is determined separately for each slope.

For and a large number of differences that prevent accurate measurements, a correction factor for the slope of the roof is applied regarding its horizontal projection.

The minimum slope of a metal tile roof (SNiP) is determined to be 12° (slope length 6 m). It should be noted that such an angle can be used only in ideal conditions, in other words, without snow and rain. Such a slope provides minimal wind loads, however, the load of the snow cover will be maximum, since a small slope will not allow the fallen snow to roll down under its own weight.

The recommended roof slope by the manufacturers of this roofing material is a little more - from 14 °. However, there are exceptions to this issue as well. For example, there are several (Finland) that are approved for use on 11° roofs. Therefore, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the specification for the materials used.

What are the criteria for choosing a roof slope

A little steepness has certain advantages. For instance,

cost-effectiveness, as the consumption of materials is reduced,
not only the weight of the structure is reduced, but also its windage - which means that the risk of damage as a result of heavy winds is minimal,
simple arrangement of water disposal.

However, at the same time:

the need for tightness of the coating increases sharply. Such a slope is not able to protect the house from penetration: through the joints of individual sheets of metal tiles and the attachment points, rainwater can quite easily seep inside - because it falls at a greater angle.
the requirements for cleaning snow from the roof surface are increasing. If the wind can, say, blow it off the steep ones, then it will most likely linger on the gentle ones. And if the structure is not strong enough, then with a large amount of snow it may even collapse.
the crate turns out to be heavier, the fastening of the roof elements becomes more complicated.
it is impossible to create large attic rooms, attics and more.

Metal tiles are not very suitable for gabled roofs. An angle of 45° is perfect for spontaneous snow cover. However, there is another nuance here - the considerable weight of the coating itself, because of which it, in turn, can slide off the slope. The only way out in this case will be additional fastening of each coating element to the crate.

It should also be noted that with an increase in the steepness of the slope, as well as with the complexity of the geometric shape of the entire roof, it becomes necessary to additional expense material.

Thus, it turns out that you need to look for a solution somewhere in the middle between a very steep and a very flat roof.

Tests carried out at manufacturing plants, as well as long-term practice of using metal tiles in construction, have shown that the optimal slope of a roof made of this material is 22 degrees. In this case, water flows perfectly from it, and the snow practically does not linger.

The shape of the roof also affects the choice of the slope of the slope:

recommended 20–30°;
for gables, respectively, 20–45 °.

Sometimes when listing the factors influencing the choice of the steepness of the slope, they forget, except for the wind, snow load and action high moisture forget about the dependence on the presence of thermal insulation and heating pipes. Quite often, one can notice that nearby houses with the same surface and approximately the same steepness of the slope “carry” a different amount of snow. This is due precisely to whether the roof of the house warms up or not:

if not, there will be more snow;
if so, then the amount of snow decreases, but it is enough to strengthen the thermal insulation, as a layer of snow, of course, will begin to grow.

It is important to calculate the slope of the roof before thermal insulation, so that in the future there will be no problems with the accumulation of snow.