Electric water heating of a private house. Electric heating of a country house: heating a house with electricity

Cosy warm house- the dream, probably, of every person. Today, most people prefer to settle in private homes, because it has many advantages. But how to make your home the most comfortable, everyone decides in their own way. And, probably, initially it is worth dealing with the amount of heat and light.

What heating is better for a private house

There are several ways to heat country house. Each of them has its pros and cons, principles of operation, requires certain costs. The choice of a particular type of heating depends on many factors. For example, from the presence of a fireplace or stove in the house, electricity, the availability of materials such as gas, fuel, firewood or coal.

Depending on this, the following types of home heating are distinguished:

Air;
Electric;
Water.

The air heating system passes air through a special device - a heat exchanger, after which the heated air is evenly distributed throughout the room. This type of heating is expensive and requires a lot of space. However, it provides fast heating of the house.

Electric heating based on the conversion of electricity into heat.

This type is environmentally friendly and easy to install and use, but, despite this, it significantly increases energy costs and forces you to constantly ventilate the room, as oxygen is burned. Water heating is based on the circulation of fluid through pipes, which provides heating of the room. Such a system can be mounted without the help of specialists, however, during frost when the system is turned off, the water can freeze and break the pipes.

The most popular and economical way of heating is electric. It will be discussed further.

Home heating with electricity: cheap or expensive

There are many ways to heat. But, unfortunately, not all of them can be used in your own home.

Electric heating is the cheapest and most convenient option:

A minimum of effort is spent on installing such heating;
Installation of the system does not require adjusting to any season;
The heating system is very compact and does not require building an additional room for the boiler room;
There is no need to provide maintenance;
The cost of using such a system depends on the degree of work and the level of temperature;
The electric heating system is the most environmentally friendly.

Thus, electric heating does not require special physical and financial costs and is the most common in private homes.

Types of electric heating systems

Heating electrical systems are built on converting electricity into heat. The methods of such a transformation differ, and the main types of such systems are based on this. However, they all have one minus, unlike gas - the cost of their use is high, since they are based on electricity.

Among them are:

Electric boilers;
Heaters based on the use of infrared rays;
Underfloor heating powered by electricity;
Fan heaters.

Electric boilers operate on the basis of heating the liquid in the heating circuit, which is connected to them. Electric convectors also use heating elements. Only in this case, electricity does not pass through the liquid. Heating is carried out by heating the aluminum or steel housing and the air that is inside this housing. Hot air rises, changing places with cold air. With the help of such circulation, the room is also heated.

Electric heating is the most economical: without a boiler

What is the most economical way? Convectors do not take up much space and can be placed on the wall, on the floor, be built-in and external. They quickly warm up the air and accurately perform the set tasks. The only downside is that one convector will not be enough to heat the whole house.

Infrared heaters convert electricity into infrared rays that can heat any object. They can take the form of rectangles embedded in the floor or wall, or mounted on a stand. Such a heating system heats the air only in a certain area of \u200b\u200bthe room. In order to heat throughout the house, you need to install a large number of such devices. On the one hand, they are cheap to use, but their quantity increases the cost of the outlay.

Infrared heaters are economical because individual temperature conditions can be set in different areas of the house. Therefore, these heaters are on average 35% more economical than boilers. Electric underfloor heating is installed under the tiles and may not be the main heating system.

Benefits of underfloor heating:

You can easily and accurately regulate the temperature in electric underfloor heating;
Electric underfloor heating does not need to be filled with new screeds, which require additional costs and put extra pressure on the floors;
Due to the ease of installation, electric underfloor heating can be equipped both in a private house and in a multi-storey one.

The disadvantages of such a system are only the cost of electricity. But, on the other hand, if the electric floor heating is still not the main one, then this drawback can be crossed out. Fan heaters (heater, not battery) are not the main heating system. They have a quick effect only in small rooms, but at the same time they use a large amount of electricity, due to which they greatly increase the cost of expenses. Electric batteries are not bad heaters.

Economical electric boilers: options

Boilers are divided into those based on heaters - heating elements - and electrode.

The job of the heating element is that they heat running water and distribute it throughout the system. Special pumps are often installed with heaters to help circulate fluid through the system. Usually there are 3 or 4 heating elements in the boiler, which can work simultaneously or one at a time - it all depends on the temperature level.

The power of boilers for electric heating also varies. There are models that operate from single-phase or three-phase network. The electrode boiler relies on the fact that electricity passes through the liquid from electrode to electrode. Instead of water, an antifreeze liquid is used here.

Advantages of electric boilers:

Easy to install and adjust;
Do not take up much space;
Accurately and quickly adjust the temperature level;
Their work does not create noise;
Relatively low cost and economical maintenance.

Cons of electric boilers: high energy costs, with prolonged use of heating elements, heaters become covered with scale and stop working, in the absence of water, heating elements burn out. Often, boilers do not cope with their tasks and cannot heat the whole house, that is, they slowly heat the house. The operation of the boilers depends entirely on the power of the electrical network. Correct schemes and high-quality batteries for the cottage allow you to heat the house inexpensively. A homemade device is quite possible.

The most economical electric heating and electrical appliances

The most economical and easy to use is the electric convector system. They consist of an aluminum or steel body, which heats the air both from the outside and from the inside. Warm air gives way to cold air, and thus the entire room is heated.

Advantages of using convectors:

The convector is the most efficient system heating. Due to the small size of the heating elements, the air heats up faster, evenly distributed throughout the room.
This is the highest quality type of heating, as it does not waste electricity, completely converting it into heat. This is also the reason for its economy.
Convectors are easily regulated and do not heat up above 100 ºС. Many models have a security system that turns off the device if air access is closed.
Such a heating system is quite simple to install and use. All you need to do after purchase is to install it on a wall or on a stand and plug it in.
Convectors are much cheaper than electric boilers.
Since one convector will not be enough to heat the whole house, you need to purchase more devices. However, this can be done gradually, depending on the need or the availability of funds.
Such a heating system does not respond to possible power surges and continues to work properly.

The choice of a convector depends, first of all, on the estimated price. However, it is best to buy the device from leading manufacturers, since the issue here is about home security. It is important to pay attention to the restart function after turning off the device. If in this case the convector requires human intervention, then this will create some problems in its use, including the risk great damage from freezing at home. Efficient and profitable alternative heating according to new technologies.

Installation of electric heating of a private house

Installing an electric heating system is very easy. Therefore, you can do it yourself. It will save cash, because you do not have to call specialists.

Installation consists of three stages:

Planning;
Installation;
Launch.

At the beginning, it is necessary to prepare a heating scheme and appliances, taking into account the way it is used. In order to carry out an economical heat calculation, choose an electric boiler for a private house, for this you can call a specialist, or use ready-made programs.

Further, shields are equipped with separate machines for each room and the wiring is bred. You need to consider how many boilers and other equipment you need to purchase. You will need automation, ceramic or other pipes. An electric battery that will heat, with an electricity consumption like a light bulb, is everyone's dream. To save some fuel, modular energy-saving gas elements for the premises of country houses will help.

After the electrical wiring is ready, you can proceed with the installation of equipment that will help heat the room (energy or economy radiators). It is important to pay attention to the temperature regime. At first, the device will work hard. So the room warms up very quickly. And then the system will switch to normal mode and will turn on to maintain the set temperature level, like a drip device.

However, using only electric heating can cost a pretty penny. Therefore, other means of heating the house should be used to increase the comfort of living.

Methods for additional thermal insulation:

Insulation of loggias, balconies and verandas will close the penetration of cold street air into the house. Thus, heating the house will be much more efficient.
Replacing old windows with plastic ones. This will eliminate the occurrence of drafts, which is also good for heating in bad weather. If it is not possible to install new windows, then you can insulate the old ones. To do this, it is necessary to coat the places between the frame and the opening with sealant and seal with electrical tape.
By the same principle, old doors are replaced with new ones.
You can insulate the walls both outside and inside. Internal insulation reduces the size of the room, so experts recommend insulating walls with outside. For this, heat insulators are used.
Ceiling insulation is most often carried out in the attic. In this case, mats are used, under which a vapor barrier is placed, and a hydrobarrier is placed on the mats.
You should pay attention to the insulation of the floor. This is important because most often the floor warms up poorly, which causes some discomfort.

According to the laws of physics, warm air rises, giving way to cold air. Therefore, it is important to insulate the roof so that the heated air does not leave the house at all. The method of roof insulation depends on its type. If it is a pitched roof, then the insulation is produced inside the house using mineral wool. If the roof is flat, then rigid materials are used from the outside, which are not subjected to various negative influences for them. Homemade products (convection, autonomous, innovative heating in an apartment) are also possible, the panels will save money, but the equipment should be thought through thoroughly.

Since people moved into houses and apartments, they have faced heating quality issue your dwelling.

One of the modern ways to solve this problem is electric heating.

Consider how to organize heating a house with electricity cheaply.

In contact with

Is it possible to heat the apartment with electricity

Electric heating warms up the house no worse gas boiler or solid fuel. There are many different electric heaters designed for different buildings, temporary or permanent schemes, with and without automation.

Benefits of heating with electricity

Has a number of advantages compared to other methods:

materials and components are cheaper than other types of heating;
electric convectors and radiators cost less than water heaters of the same power, and the cable is cheaper than pipes, especially with all the elbows and fittings;
no need for a gas or solid fuel boiler;
electric heating installation Costs less than installation by other methods. There is no need to lay pipe wiring, just attach the cable to the wall;
permission to install equipment for electric heating easier to get than for gas. A solid fuel boiler is not installed in the apartments;
if the room is small or the heating is temporary, for example, in a country house, permission is not required. In the absence of a connection to the gas main, electric heating is sometimes the only way to heat;
electric heaters easy to connect to automation systems.

Attention!The efficiency of electric heating is very high - all the energy is converted into heat and remains in buildings, although the actual efficiency depends on the design of the heaters.

Disadvantages of heating

In addition to the advantages, heating a private house or apartment has some disadvantages.

for heating a large area it may be necessary to replace the cable that feeds not only the apartment, but the whole house;
during power outages, the electric heating is turned off. And if a gas or solid fuel boiler can be connected via a UPS (uninterruptible power supply), then a very expensive system or a diesel generator is needed for long-term operation of electric heating.

Types of electric heating

There are different types of electric heaters:

Electric boilers. Connected instead of dismantled gas or in addition to them. The gas boiler quickly warms up the system, and electric sweat keeps the batteries warm. This scheme is used in buildings in which heating is switched on periodically or for the use of electricity during hours with a minimum tariff.
Infrared heaters. Very effective for local heating, on verandas, in the garden or mounted on the wall above the children's play mat. They are rarely used in residential premises due to the fact that during operation they turn on and off cyclically, causing fluctuations in illumination.
Fan heaters. They quickly warm up the room, but they are noisy and create a draft. Effective together with oil coolers and convectors, sometimes built into them.
Heat generators. In fact, these are fan heaters, only of high power. They are used at construction sites to heat the apartment in which work is being carried out.
Oil coolers and convectors. The most common type of electric heaters. They have legs for floor installation or wall mounting.
Underfloor heating system. The modern method allows you to heat the building evenly from top to bottom, due to this, electricity is saved, but installation is possible only with a major overhaul of the house.
Air conditioning type "winter-summer". The air conditioner works on the principle of a heat pump, in winter it cools the street and heats the room. This is the most profitable type of electric heating, but at temperatures below 0 degrees it is ineffective.

Attention! The power of electric heating is approximately considered to be 1kW per 10m2. More precisely, you can calculate using online calculators.

How to make cheap apartment heating

First of all, you need to decide what type heating appliances to install in order to organize heating of the house with electricity cheaply, how long the heating will work - temporarily, periodically or permanently.

In many cases electric heating best option.

It is quickly mounted, requires a minimum of approvals, it can be installed independently.

When heating one small room, it is enough just to plug the plug into the socket.

Varieties of heating systems

Electric heating systems there are different design, depending on working conditions:

Water heating system. Heats the entire house, turns on simultaneously in all rooms. It needs an electric boiler with a pump and an expansion tank. These elements can be built-in or purchased separately.
Heating by individual heaters or convectors.
Local heating. It is carried out by small portable heaters or infrared heaters.
Fan heaters. They quickly heat the room, but during operation they make noise and create a draft. They are installed in each room separately and are switched on only for the period when people are present.

Which options are not suitable

It is impossible to heat the building with electric stoves or homemade heaters, especially with an open coil. It's a fire hazard especially if there are pets in the house. A cat or dog may knock over a tile or drop something on it. In addition, such heating is uneconomical. The stove heated to a high temperature heats the ceiling first of all.

Attention!Animals or people can themselves be burned or injured by electric shock.

Organization of economical heating

There are many secrets on how to heat a house electricity economically. First of all, you need to install dual counter. It takes into account electricity at different tariffs in different time days and at night considers it cheaper.

In addition, install an automation system and a room thermostat.

If heaters are in every room, then such a system is installed throughout the building.

When using an electric boiler the thermostat is installed alone, but the flow of water is regulated in each battery separately so that the temperature inside the rooms becomes the same.

If there is an air conditioner, then at a positive temperature it is better to heat the house with its help. This is much more profitable than using electric heaters.

Helps save energy as well as the use of a heat accumulator.

Thermal accumulator

The device serves to organize economical heating, warms up during the period minimum price for electricity, usually at night, and gives off heat when the heating is turned off during the day. Here is the answer to the question of how to heat a house with electricity inexpensively.

Scheme of connecting a heat accumulator to a heating system in a house.

Manufacturing features

It is a water tank, covered heat-insulating material. Sometimes paraffin is used instead of water, but such batteries are more expensive and warm up to a lower temperature, although they store more heat.

Principle of operation

When the heating system is running the water in the tank warms up. Sometimes directly, sometimes through a radiator passing through the tank. When the heating is turned off, the heat accumulated in the tank warms the batteries. The easiest way is when water from the tank directly enters the radiators. For more expensive models automation is provided which connects the water inside the tank to the heating system only after the batteries warm up. This is done in order to quickly warm them, and, as a result, the apartment.

Do-it-yourself thermal accumulator

The heat accumulator is very simple, so it’s easy to make it yourself. For this you need:

Capacity which is hermetically sealed. You can use a metal barrel.
Two fittings for metal-plastic plumbing. Fittings are required with external threads at one end.
Two valves. If you purchase valves with built-in fittings, then you do not need to buy them separately.
Mayevsky crane for air release. If it is supposed to use the battery as a boiler, then the Mayevsky crane is not installed. Instead, two more valves are needed, two fittings and threads with nuts to secure the valves to the barrel.

Thermal insulation material sufficient to insulate the drum.

The process itself consists of several stages:

Holes are cut in the barrel for fittings and the Mayevsky crane, two at the very top and one at the very bottom.
Fittings are inserted into the holes and fixed.
A Mayevsky crane is inserted into the uppermost hole and also fixed.
Valves are screwed onto the fittings, pipes are connected to them - from the boiler and cold water from below, to the batteries and the outlet hot water- above.
Wrap the barrel with a heat insulator.
When filling the system with water, the air is released through the Mayevsky tap or hot water in the shower.

Electric boilers for home heating

For economical electric heating at home, boilers of various designs are used:

single boilers, with or without built-in pump. These boilers heat water only in the heating system and are not connected to the water supply. They are filled with water through a special valve or through a heating system. They can work in buildings without a water supply system.
Double boilers. These devices heat water in batteries and running water in a faucet. They have a built-in automation system that maintains the desired water temperature, a pump and an expansion tank.
Electrode boilers. In these boilers, water is heated by active current flowing through the water. They require powerful grounding, do not work with an RCD (residual current device that turns off the power when voltage hits the case or a person) and is unreliable in operation. The strength of the flowing current is very dependent on the temperature of the water, its chemical composition and the presence or absence of scale on the electrode.

Instrument models

After choosing a method for organizing economical heating of a private house with electricity, you need to choose which devices to use. This is discussed further.

Comparison of convectors and oil coolers

This table clearly shows the pros and cons of both types of electric heaters.

Parameters	oil heater	Convector heater
Operating principle	The heating element heats the oil, which heats the radiator housing. Heating of the room occurs due to thermal radiation and heating of the space around	The heating element heats the body up to 60 degrees. Inside there are channels for the movement of air, which is heated, passing through the convector
Price	Cheaper (+)	More expensive (-)
Economy	Less economical. Better warms the air near him than the whole room (-)	More economical by about 25%. Convection heats the air throughout the room. Provide the cheapest heating (+)
Heating time	+- They heat the room longer, but equipped with built-in fan heaters faster (-+)	– Heats the room for a long time (-)
Comfort in use	Less convenient due to large dimensions and weight (-)	More comfortable, lighter and smaller in size. Floor models differ from wall models only in mountings. Sometimes there is a possibility of alteration (+)
Mounting	Simple. It is enough to plug the plug into the socket (+)	Floor models are connected in the same way. Wall-mounted is more difficult - you need to fix the mounts on the wall (-)
Security	High surface temperature, but models with a protective cover are available (-)	The surface of the convector is not exposed to strong heat (+)
Life time	Less overheating. May dry out or leak oil (-)	Large, usually larger than stated by the manufacturer (+)
Environmental friendliness		Convection creates air movement and raises dust particles (-)

The table shows that in almost everything except the price, oil coolers lose to convectors. With their help, the most economical electric heating is obtained without installing a boiler. Oil models are better if you only need to additionally heat part of the room, for example, near a crib.

Electric boiler for a summer residence - the final choice

Having decided on the brand, the consumer will have to solve another dilemma, namely, to answer the question: install an electric heating boiler 380v in the country house or give preference to a model that works with a mains voltage of 220V? It should be understood that the first option requires good wiring that can handle high loads. Therefore, it is better for owners of old country houses with poor wiring to use an electric heating boiler 380v for heating, the price of which is about $ 500 for a 6 W model, it is better to refuse.

Summing up the consideration of the option of heating the cottage with the help of electric boilers, a number of nuances can be distinguished.

Device benefits include:

The disadvantages of devices should also be taken seriously:

high electricity consumption;
a solid investment in the purchase of a quality boiler from a reliable manufacturer.

oil batteries

Electric oil batteries in appearance resemble the usual water radiators, however, the heating of the coolant, in this case, the oil located in the metal case of the device, is carried out through the use of electrical energy. Various Models oil heaters are able to qualitatively warm the air in a room ranging from 10 to 25 square meters. Often they are mounted on the floor and equipped with a number of auxiliary options, such as an operating timer and a thermostat.

Features of oil heaters:

Electric convector

This device is devoid of a number of disadvantages attributed to oil analogues, so at home in the country with the use of a convector it can be a reasonable choice. The convector uses a high-resistance metal coil to heat the air, hidden under an attractive compact body. When heating the lower layers of air, the natural principle of convection of air masses is included in the work and uniform heating of the entire country house is achieved.

Convector specifics:

Ceramic heating panels

More recently, electric heating systems of a country house began to be supplemented with ceramic panels. These devices have demonstrated excellent consumer performance. They have an aesthetic design, neat housing and easy installation. However, the main advantages of ceramic heating panels lie not at all in the competent design of the case, but in the features of operation. These devices are in many ways superior to convectors and oil heaters.

They can demonstrate the following capabilities:

The only nuance that should be studied by the owners country houses before deciding to buy a ceramic panel is the cost of appliances. At the moment, the price of panels on the market is quite high, and given that several devices are required for full-fledged heating of the dacha, their purchase will result in a round sum.

Heat guns

In the country, you can use electric heating guns that will help maintain the desired temperature. These devices are environmentally friendly - during operation they do not create harmful emissions and do not pollute the atmosphere. Depending on the design features, the device can use a coil or a heating element for heating and operate from both a two-phase and a three-phase network.

When choosing an electric gun for giving, you should give preference to a model equipped with a thermostat.

Such a gun will cost a little more than similar models without a thermostat, but will provide a number of functional advantages:

inverter heatsink

Inverter heating batteries have proven themselves well - they are not afraid of power outages and have greater autonomy, unlike all the devices listed above. These devices have the ability to accumulate electrical energy and consume it in cases of emergency power outage. Such devices are very beneficial to use in regions that have problems with the quality supply of electricity.

Advantages of inverter batteries used for heating country houses:

Disadvantages of devices:

high price;
the need to comply certain rules mounting recommended by the manufacturer.

Infrared heaters

Owners of dachas who prioritize the creation of economical electric heating will come to the aid of infrared heaters - unique devices that demonstrate impressive energy efficiency. For a long time, this type of device caused skepticism among the inhabitants, and many did not believe in the advertised efficiency and profitability of infrared devices. However, over time, the owners were able to personally check the consumer qualities of devices of this type and highlight a number of advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages:

Disadvantages:

high price;
the presence of a characteristic sound during operation of the device.

fan heaters

If country house IR has a small area, then an inexpensive fan heater can handle its heating. Among the heating equipment listed in the review, this device has the most compact body and affordable price. However, the use of the device carries a number of features. It should be understood that the device dries out the air and does not contribute to the creation of a healthy microclimate, it requires constant monitoring, since it is a fire hazard and works with a characteristic monotonous sound.

Each country house has its own distinctive features, so the choice of the type of electric heating must be made on an individual basis. The owner of the house can get acquainted with the common types of electric heaters and buy the best device that will become the basis of the heating system of the country house.

Heating a house with electricity is cheap - today this is not an advertising slogan, but a reality that is already familiar to a huge number of people. Compared to dozens of other options created throughout the history of mankind, this particular heating method can be considered optimal.

It does, however, have quite a few competitors. And today, when deciding which type of fuel to prefer, they often choose natural gas. However, the opinion of specialists in the field of public utilities is unanimous: they associate the prospects for decades ahead exclusively with electricity. Hydrocarbons may run out, and current generation will continue anyway.

Heating with electricity has a number of positive qualities, and in some cases there is simply no other choice. If you intend to use electricity in your home, then be sure to prepare a blueprint before construction begins to minimize costs. Building codes and regulations will tell you how to make a thermal calculation.

Like everything in the world, heating with electricity has both pros and cons.

Advantages and disadvantages

An economical electric heating system can be installed independently; complex tools and professional skills are not needed for its organization. The equipment itself is lighter and more compact than other heating installations.

The costs are negligible, and if necessary, it is easy to move the units to other rooms and premises. The absence of fuel combustion makes it possible to make economical electric heating without creating a chimney, chimneys and boiler rooms.

For the same reason, the formation of solid, liquid or gaseous wastes is excluded. Even if the equipment is out of order or dismantled, there is no risk of harmful substances. When choosing which heating in a private house is the most economical and convenient, many beginners stop at electric heating because there is no need to coordinate the project and obtain special permits.

Everything thermal systems heating systems are based on the circulation of air and/or water and steam. Choosing such a method as heating with electricity eliminates the need for fans, circulation pumps, which allows you to create a completely silent heating unit. In addition, the elimination of moving parts drastically reduces the risk of breakdown, and there is no longer a need to monitor instrument readings, fuel flow or fuel level in the tank.

Economic heating on electric energy warms up the building quickly, even if it's cold outside. It is possible to control the air temperature in individual rooms and set it to a certain value, which is not only more comfortable, but also helps to save money.

It is impossible not to say about the minuses. Although they say that it is quite possible to heat a house cheaply with electricity, in practice the current consumption is very high. As a result, against the background of continuously growing tariffs, this method of heating can only be called beneficial. If the supply of electrical energy stops, the heating of the home also stops completely. Of course, a complete shutdown, especially on long time, is still rare. However, the electric heating system may work poorly due to voltage instability. As a rule, this is typical for rural areas and remote settlements. By purchasing a generator, you almost completely solve the problem, but the actual costs will be much higher. And then it will definitely not be possible to say that the cheapest heating is electric.

In addition, it should be noted that, due to the significant load, home wiring must be of impeccable quality and very powerful. If an electric method of heating a large private house is chosen, even a three-phase power supply system may be required. Immediately find out what the required power of the appliances is, and whether the current entering the house is enough for all needs.

Types of heating

There are direct heating systems and systems with coolant circulation.

Almost a classic are oil coolers. Despite its venerable age, this type of heater remains in demand. Almost all devices are easy to move, often equipped with wheels. Electricity turns into heat, and this heat is immediately given off to the air. The problem is that within the same room or office, this option is suitable, but as a cheap heating of a private house - alas, no.

Unlike an oil cooler, an electric convector appeared relatively recently. However, such heating systems are rapidly gaining popularity due to the fact that they are easily scalable (they can work indoors). different sizes), do not affect the content of water and oxygen in the atmosphere. The basis of the convector is a heating element. Colder air masses, penetrating through the holes, take heat from the heater and, rising, exit through the same holes. The convector is hidden inside with an aesthetic casing.

Another quite possible system heating - air conditioning with heating function. According to a number of experts, this option is the most economical heating, moreover, careful adjustment reduces current costs. However, there are also disadvantages - the increased cost of equipment and technically complex maintenance.

If you ask what type of heating a private house is the most technologically advanced, then without a doubt, the answer is infrared heating (sometimes called film heating). It's still pretty cheap way, however, the installation of equipment and it itself is still expensive. The thermal element evenly gives off heat to the room due to infrared rays, they also heat the air. This is a profitable heating with the possibility of zonal and spot heating. Making infrared heating at home with your own hands is not difficult.

A fairly popular competitor is the so-called warm floor. It is able to be both the main source of heat and auxiliary. Ecological safety, ability to work for many decades, very simple handling - these are its main advantages.

However, the risk of mechanical deformation and the inability to repair a warm floor without dismantling the coating are no less significant disadvantages. Some combination of the previous options can be considered an infrared warm floor, but it is still not found anywhere.

Electric heating

The most common way to warm a room with current is economical boilers! Their advantage lies in the relatively low price of both the equipment itself and its operation. Most people are familiar with boilers with heating elements that give off heat to water, which already delivers it to radiators. The ease of installation and the ability to accurately maintain the temperature also speak in favor of this solution. But keep in mind that although this option is the cheapest, it tends to accumulate lime, especially in hard water. It will be necessary to take special measures to soften the coolant.

In search of how to save on heating, some prefer electrode boilers.

The heater interacts with water ions, which makes the entire heating process absolutely safe. If there is no water, the boiler simply cannot work.

The disadvantage of this device is that it is required to use only water, moreover, with a strictly specified resistivity, and regularly change the electrodes.

Economical heating of a private house can also be done with the help of an induction electric boiler. Inside it there is a pipeline to which the radiating unit transmits eddy currents. There are no elements prone to wear, the formation of scale is negligible, the device can heat a large room, and antifreeze is also suitable as a coolant.

Conclusion

So, what is the most economical heating of a private house? To answer this question, you need to take into account all the significant circumstances, all the pros and cons.

And one more thing: the rational organization of heating at home is unthinkable without the greatest possible reduction in unproductive heat losses.

Many owners of private houses or apartments believe that an electric heating system is not economical. This point of view has a completely adequate explanation, since electricity is a rather expensive source of energy. Sometimes there are situations when alternative heating systems do not justify themselves or are simply not available for certain reasons. In such a situation, it will be necessary to use the energy carrier that is available. Electric heating systems can also be divided into different categories, so you should choose exactly the electric heating that will be the most profitable and economical.

Electric heating

Any of the options for organizing electric heating has both its advantages and disadvantages. The most popular and common heaters powered by the network are convectors and electric radiators.

Oil radiator

Oil-type radiators are in greater demand. Such devices are more suitable for local heating.

An oil cooler is such a device, the body of which consists of several sections connected to each other.

Inside this design is a mineral-type coolant. Heating elements are immersed in this coolant, which are necessary for heating the radiator. Many models of oil coolers household type have heating elements with a power of 2.5 to 3 kW. Thanks to this power, the oil heats up in a fairly short period of time. Mineral oil contributes to the fact that the heating element heats up to a very high temperature of 2000 degrees. Oil radiators are well suited for heating any room in a house or apartment.

Oil radiators will not justify themselves if they are used for general heating of an apartment or house, since they cannot be classified as economical. Such devices are justified only if they are used as an additional heating device.

An alternative to such devices can be called electric type convectors. They can also be installed as a general heater.

However, they will be justified only if it is impossible to organize a water heating system in the building. The convector housing contains a heating element that converts electricity into heat. From this heating component, hot air rises and exits through special openings that are in the convector body. Almost all modern electric convectors are equipped with special gratings, thanks to which it is possible to adjust the volume of outgoing air. At the bottom of the convector housing there are holes that are necessary for cold air to enter the device. This air is further heated and exits through the upper openings.

Electric wall convector

Almost all convectors are equipped with special automatic temperature sensors, the principle of operation of which is similar to that of a heating tap. When the air that enters the convector through its lower openings is warm enough, the sensors will work and the appliance will turn off. Thanks to these parameters and characteristics, electric convectors are more justified in terms of energy savings than oil-type radiators.

By their own structural features There are several types of convectors: wall convectors and floor convectors.

Such devices are the most popular, but there are also convectors such as floor convectors. If the choice fell on the last type of convectors, then it is best to install them in the area along the window. In this case, they will not only heat the room, but will also become additional protection from drafts and street cold that penetrates through the window. Electric heating with a convector will be more profitable and economical compared to oil radiators, however, the use of solid or liquid fuels or gas will still be cheaper.

Underfloor heating system

A warm floor cannot be considered the main heating system, but it will justify itself well as an additional source of heat. Underfloor heating is a structure consisting of a heating film and heating cables. This design is mounted under the floor covering. Special temperature sensors are installed on some parts of the floor, which are connected to a thermostat installed on one of the walls of the room.

Warm cable floor

Such heating with electricity, like underfloor heating, allows you to independently adjust the heating in the apartment, setting a certain temperature regime. The installation of such a heating system is not a too complicated process, so you can do it yourself, without asking for help from specialists. We have a lot of recommendations, as well as videos that will help you cope with this task. A system such as electrical floor heating, is not suitable as a universal heat source, so it will only be justified as an additional heating system.

infrared heating

Using infrared devices for heating with electricity is another method that allows you to heat a house or apartment. The infrared heater contains a heating element inside the housing, which is a source of infrared radiation. The infrared waves that come from this device do not heat the air in the room, but the objects to which they are directed. Such devices are considered the most efficient, as they radiate heat to where it is needed, and do not waste it.

Infrared Ceiling Heater

Modern infrared heaters boast an efficiency that exceeds 90%. Infrared heater of all electrical appliances considered the most profitable and economical.

Their only significant disadvantage is that they are quite expensive. Before you decide on one of the electric heaters, it is better to make calculations on how quickly the costs will pay off.

Water heating: heating elements boilers

Electrical water heating considered more efficient than using only simple heating appliances. This heating system uses ordinary water as a heat carrier. In order for the water to be heated to the required temperature, the system is equipped with a device such as a boiler or an electric boiler. Household-type boilers that are used to heat water are not suitable as the main device of a water-based electric heating system. The boiler, which is necessary for the efficient operation of the heating system, must have much higher power ratings. To organize an autonomous electric heating system, a wide variety of installations can be used, such as:

heating elements;
induction installations;
Electrode installations.

The most popular are heating elements, which can be seen in the photo. The principle of operation of such boilers is as follows: the coolant enters the internal tank of such boilers. A heating element is placed in the tank, which will begin to heat up, and its temperature will be transferred to the coolant. Thanks to the circulation pump, the coolant will enter the heating circuit and then be distributed through the final consumption elements, that is, to the heating radiators.

electric boiler

It must be remembered that the heating element is the most vulnerable spot at the boiler. It is necessary to choose a boiler in which the heating element is a replaceable component. Ten after a few years may fail, as it will be covered with scale, and then it will need to be replaced. Most boilers are equipped with automation, which allows you to turn on a certain operating mode. This allows you to significantly save on electricity, since the boiler will heat water only when it is needed.

Another advantage that electric water heating gives is the fact that electrical components do not come into contact with water at all. In the event of an accident, the automation will completely turn off the heating element.

Electrode devices

A better alternative to water heating heating elements, which involves the use of electricity for heating, can be called electrode-type boilers. Such a device is a container of a small volume, inside which there are electrodes. When the boiler is filled with water, current will be supplied to these electrodes, and this, in turn, will cause the water to heat up.

Boilers of electrode type

In order for the electrode boiler to work as efficiently as possible, it will be necessary to subject the coolant to special preparation. An electrode boiler consumes more electricity than a heating element boiler. However, it is more reliable and does not break down as often.

Induction boilers

In induction boilers, there are two circuits at once: one is heat exchange, and the other is magnetic. In the magnetic circuit there is a coil that creates a magnetic field, and due to this, the coolant is heated. The principle of operation of such a circuit is very similar to the principle of operation of an induction type hob. The heat exchange circuit is necessary in order for temperature redistribution to occur in it. After that, the coolant will heat up and begin to flow into the heating system of the house.

induction boiler

The most important advantage of this type of boilers is the safety of their use. This can be explained by the fact that there are no heating components in the boilers.

Among the disadvantages of such devices, one can single out their high price, as well as a rather complicated smooth adjustment of thermal conditions.

Advantages and disadvantages of electric heating

Any electric heating system has both its advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages of electric heating:

It can be installed independently;
Permission to install such devices is much easier to obtain than, for example, permission to install a gas boiler;
Electric heaters are easier to set up and easier to manage;
The fuel supply does not need constant monitoring, all that is needed is to set a certain temperature regime;
Pretty fast heating;
A comfortable temperature regime in the room will be established only after 10-15 minutes after the system starts working.

Disadvantages of electric heaters, which are most often covered by reviews:

Equipment is quite expensive, in particular, to high price category include such devices that are equipped with various automation;
Heating the space itself is quite expensive;
High loads on electrical wiring and voltage cables.

If such shortcomings are not very frightening, then such a heating system will be considered quite effective. An electric heating system is much easier to organize than any other.

heating-doma.org

Electric heating in a private house - choose the best option

In general, the electric heating system of a private house is the only alternative along with traditional solutions. Compared to other types of heating systems, electric ones attract attention primarily due to their practicality, ease of use, independence and autonomy. With their help, owners of private houses can solve the problem of space heating as soon as possible.

An electric boiler in the house is warm, comfortable and does not spoil the overall design at all

Types of electrical heating appliances

According to recent studies, electric boilers for home heating have the highest efficiency. Almost every heater has a setting function temperature regime, so they are among the most economical. They do not require any maintenance and are almost silent, which makes them a real find for those who love a quiet countryside holiday.

Unlike liquid heat carriers, electrical energy is immediately converted into heat. In addition, with such a heating system, emergency leaks are excluded. From the foregoing, we can already conclude that electric heating systems meet all modern human requirements and are safe, hygienic and silent.

infrared heating

Ceiling with infrared heating system

Film infrared heating is a system that heats the air in the room using infrared rays.

Attention! Such systems heat, first of all, the objects in the room, and not the air itself. As for popularity, they will soon replace obsolete oil coolers and boilers.

Principle of Ceiling Infrared Heater

This type of heater is rarely used on its own and often works in conjunction with warm floors. Together, they are used for general and local heating of the house. They are widely used in summer cottages and cottages, where rapid heating of all rooms is required.

Converter heaters

Converter heater

Also, it is worth mentioning such a type of heating as electric convectors. Each modern electric convector is equipped with special heating elements that do not burn oxygen and do not destroy the natural microclimate in the house. This method of heating has established itself as one of the most silent and efficient, and it is easy and simple to manage such an installation.

If you choose an electric convector with a built-in control unit that programs the operation of the device, then you can generally forget about controlling heating systems (mounted and forgot). The electric heating system of a private house will itself maintain the optimum temperature. If you leave home for a long time, the appliance automatically switches to standby mode and maintains a constant temperature of 5˚C.

Advantages of converter heaters

As far as security is concerned, there is nothing to be afraid of either. The built-in sensor instantly turns off the heating in the event of a heating element falling to the floor (this also includes overheating of the device). The body of the convector heats up to a temperature of no more than 65˚С, so it is safe to use it even when children and animals live in the house.

Warm floor

Underfloor heating system

By choosing such a heating system, you will not regret it - a cable or mat built into the floor turns your floor covering into one huge heater that evenly distributes heat throughout the room. With it, you can create an ideal (comfortable) temperature for a person in the house.

Important! Pay attention to the fact that underfloor heating can be used with any flooring, which will accordingly expand the possibilities of interior design, because heating radiators will not be fixed in the rooms of the house. The whole system is hidden from view.

underfloor heating under laminate

fan heaters

Thermal fans

With the help of fan heaters, you can maintain a stable temperature in the premises of the house, and at the same time create thermal curtain. They differ from water heating, first of all, in the speed of air heating, minimal heat loss and high efficiency.

Such a space heating system operates in full recirculation mode (in other words, it heats only the air inside the premises). But it is worth noting that with the admixture of outdoor (street) air, fans show good results.

Electric boilers

Electric boiler Rusnit 2100

If you like water heating of a private house with electricity, you can install an electric boiler. Such equipment is used in homes where it is not possible to conduct gas system heating.

Thanks to their design features, electric boilers have all sorts of modifications and forms. Their main distinguishing feature is the method of heating the coolant. In total, two main elements can be distinguished in such a boiler - a control unit and a heat exchanger.

As for the principles of operation, everything is simple here - electrical energy is converted into thermal energy and heats the water, which enters the heating radiators through a pipeline. The control unit is necessary in order to monitor the correct operation of the boiler in a given mode.

If a malfunction or overheating occurs, the unit will signal you to turn off. When the maximum heating threshold of the equipment is reached, the unit turns off the boiler automatically.

Benefits of electric heating

Electric unit - convenient, functional and practical

In general, electric heating has a number of advantages and advantages that distinguish it from other types of heating systems:

Safety - the above types of equipment do not have an open flame, and proper wiring and installation of a "machine" will protect your home from fire;
Lack of fuel - no need to purchase solid and liquid fuels, as a result of which you no longer need to look for a suitable room to store combustible materials;
Environmental friendliness - operating electrical systems do not produce noise and toxic emissions into the atmosphere. At total absence unpleasant smell, they are completely safe for humans. In addition, when installing electrical systems, you do not have to allocate a separate room - they can be mounted both in the kitchen and in the living room. Rich the lineup allows you to choose a device for any design and interior;
Appearance - as mentioned earlier, a wide range of models and colors will allow you to choose exactly the model that you really like;
The operation of such devices does not require regular maintenance. Firstly, they are easy to manage, which even a child can handle, and secondly, there are no elements in their design that would require constant cleaning or replacement;
Ergonomics - it is possible to make electric heating of a private house with your own hands. Each unit comes with detailed diagram assembling and installing the system, so even an ignorant person in this matter is quite capable of coping with its connection;
Price - compared to the same gas equipment, electrical systems are relatively cheaper;
Size – The equipment itself is small in size and light in weight. The entire system can be moved by one person without experiencing any difficulties.

These are all electric boilers.

In addition to the positive qualities, there are also negative aspects:

Not every holiday village has a powerful power grid that can withstand such loads;
High energy costs will not please anyone;
Before installing an electric boiler, check whether the network is working properly in this locality. Not all devices are adapted to work in Russian extreme conditions(permanent power surges, sudden shutdowns, etc.).

Finally

That, perhaps, is all that a layman needs to know who is about to install an electricity-powered heating system in his house (read also how to choose the right electric boiler for heating).

If you do not know how to make your home warmer, our photo and video instructions will help you. Seeing everything with your own eyes, you will understand that electric heating systems are no worse than others, and in many ways surpass their counterparts!

Page 2

Heating your home is perhaps one of the most burning issues of the multifaceted life of a resident of the Russian Federation. That is why we will now consider the most commonly used autonomous heating systems for a private house and the possibilities of their application.

Possible scheme for heating a private house

Heating systems and their components

Boiler room of a private house

Any zealous owner, of course, wants to have uninterrupted heating in his house, which is consistent with the characteristics of a given region or a particular area. The efficiency and economy of heating depend on two technical components - the heating circuit and the heat carrier heating source - the boiler.

They will be discussed in this article with a video clip as an application.

gas boilers

Scheme of operation of a conventional (convection) boiler

Gas heating boilers are single-circuit and double-circuit, wall-mounted and floor-mounted, but according to the principle of operation they can be divided into convection and condensing devices. Traditional convection boilers operate according to a fairly simple scheme, which is shown above: gas entering the burner is burned in the combustion chamber, from which the heat exchanger and, of course, the coolant itself are heated. Air enters the combustion chamber in such a device through coaxial chimney and with its help, carbon monoxide is discharged.
One of important principles The correct operation of a domestic gas convection boiler is to prevent the formation of condensate on the walls of the heat exchanger, because dissolved acids are present there. Considering that the condensation of water vapor starts from a temperature of 55⁰C, then care must be taken that there is not a large difference between the supply and return lines of the water circuit.
The difference in water temperature in the "supply" and "return" is better not to allow more than 20⁰C, that is, if the supply pipe is 80⁰C, then the return pipe is 60⁰C. For long heating circuits, forced mixing of hot water from the “supply” to the “return” inlet is used.

Scheme of operation of a condensing boiler

The efficiency of condensing boilers is much higher than that of convection units, because in this case, not only gas combustion is used to heat the coolant, but also the heating of the condensate itself. For the most efficient operation of such a device, it is necessary to create conditions for the occurrence of dew, and this is achieved by lowering the temperature in the supply and especially the return line (the underfloor heating system is most effective in these cases). Sometimes, in order to lower the temperature, a coolant is supplied to the warm floor from the "return".
In Russia, such boilers are not currently widespread, and there are several reasons for this. First of all, this is the high price of such units, as well as the low prevalence of low-temperature water circuits (“warm floor”), which allow maximizing the efficiency of the boiler. In addition, the condensate itself is an acidic solution and, when drained into the sewer, needs to be neutralized with a special composition.

Electric boilers

Heating element boiler Elit-Teplo

Some decide that the best option for heating the heating circuit there will be an electric boiler, but they can be heating elements and electrodes. The device of the first is quite traditional and consists of a container for the coolant (heat exchanger) and a heating element mounted there. The tubular electric heater itself consists of a steel or copper shell filled with quartz sand, where a nichrome spiral is pressed.
The switch from the thermal relay regulates the heating of the water in the tank, opening the circuit at a certain temperature set by the user. As a rule, such boilers are used with a pump for forced circulation of the coolant. The cost of such boilers is quite high, but in the absence of a gas pipeline nearby, this may be the best option.

Electrode heating devices (EOU)

More economical for boilers with power supply are electrode devices, which also have a higher efficiency than heating elements. For Russia, such units are relatively new, but, nevertheless, quite in demand.

The principle of heating the coolant in the EOU

The principle of operation of electrode boilers is quite simple, since the coolant itself acts as a spiral. A block of electrodes is hidden in the container and the liquid (water or a special coolant), getting inside, moves from the anode to the cathode, with an oscillation frequency of 50 Hz. From this vibration, heating occurs and at the outlet the coolant reaches a temperature of 95⁰C.
EOU can operate from 220V or 380V, that is, from single-phase and three-phase power lines, which allows you to select them according to power. For example, a single-phase heating element boiler of 3 kW at a flow rate of 1.8 kW / h can heat an area of 30 m2, and a single-phase EOU of the same power at a flow rate of 1.0 kW / h will already heat 60 m2. A three-phase heating element of 9 kW at a flow rate of 4.2 kW / h will heat 90 m2, but an electrode heater of 9 kW at a cost of 3.0 kW / h will heat 180 m2.

Parallel connection of EOU

The advantages of an EOU over a heating element are more than obvious; in addition, electrode heaters can be connected in parallel with other types of boilers or with each other.

Advice. To increase the conductivity of the coolant and, as a result, its efficiency, 30 g of baking soda can be added per 100 liters of liquid.

Oil boilers

Diesel boiler Ferolli GN1

Liquid fuel boilers got their name because of the types of fuel, as they can run on fuel oil, kerosene and diesel fuel, but most often on the latter. They are also called diesel by the type of fuel consumed. Such units are used in areas where there are no gas pipelines for domestic needs and voltage drops are possible.

Sectional diesel boiler

Diesel devices are equipped with burners with forced air pumping, the amount of which is regulated by built-in automation. Due to the movement of air, liquid fuel boilers are quite noisy compared to gas ones. The burner can be one-, two- and three-stage.
To adjust the burners with the unit, there is always an instruction that allows you to correctly calculate the fuel consumption. Also savings and efficiency increase The device is facilitated precisely by the multi-stage burners, which allows you to increase the amount of settings. Many diesel boilers have burners integrated into the body.

Solid fuel boilers

Solid fuel boilers Atmos

Despite the simplicity of the device, such boilers have a number of undoubted advantages. First of all, it is the availability and cheapness of combustible material, because the devices are able to work on any coal, peat briquettes, wood, pellets and any other solid fuel. In addition, it is precisely due to the versatility of the fuel that the unit can operate autonomously from external power sources (gas, electricity).

The device of a gas generating (pyrolysis) boiler

Also, solid fuel units include gas-generating boilers (photo above), which are equipped with two chambers. In the first compartment, the combustion process of solid fuel occurs when air with a low oxygen content is supplied, and in the second compartment, the final combustion of the so-called pyrolysis gas takes place. For such devices, electricity is required for the fan.

Buleryan oven with water jacket

The prototype of the gas-generating boiler can be called the Canadian Buleryan system, only in this situation, not an air, but a water jacket is needed for the heating circuit. Among solid fuel boilers, Buleryan has the highest efficiency, reaching 98%. Unlike its counterparts, the Canadian boiler can only run on wood.

Advice. The Buleryan system does not leave ash and all waste is volatilized in the form of condensate and soot. In this regard, the chimney must be cleaned at least twice a year and the ventilation system must be carefully monitored.

Conclusion

The article did not mention multi-fuel equipment, which you can also install yourself. The universal boiler can operate on two or more types of fuel, for example, gas - diesel or gas - diesel - solid fuel - electricity. But such heaters are much more expensive and it is more profitable to purchase mono-fuel units.

Page 3

An autonomous heating system for a country house is a step towards economical heating, high-quality and stable heat supply.

Such heating has a lot of advantages over centralized heating, the most important of which are:

The quality of the services received;
Ease of regulation;
Lower production cost.

Installation of autonomous heating

It is possible to build such heat supply in any country house. In apartments, this is quite problematic due to the many bureaucratic procedures, but it is also real.

In this article, we will look at what components the system consists of, what is better to buy, as well as ways to save money.

The composition of autonomous heat supply

Heat supply consists of:

Source of warmth. Depending on the fuel on which the boiler will operate, this equipment can operate on solid fuel (coal, pellets, wood chips, firewood), liquid fuel (fuel oil, diesel fuel, waste oil), electricity, natural gas;

pyrolysis boiler

pipelines. Tie the source of heat and heating devices together. Their task is to perform the functions of transporting the coolant. Plastic, steel or copper pipes for heating can be used;
Heating devices. Can be both sectional and monolithic. They are made of aluminum, steel, cast iron and other metals. Recently, vacuum radiators have become popular;
Elements of regulation and safety. Thermostatic heads are installed on the coolant supply to the battery, they adjust the flow. Safety elements are expansion tanks, explosion valves and others;
pumps. Carry out the transportation of the coolant, thereby providing circulation.

Boiler selection

The scheme of autonomous heating of the house necessarily includes a heat generator. The performance of the entire heating will depend on the operation of this element.

The choice of this component in most cases will depend on the fuel on which it is planned to operate, it must be easily accessible and financially attractive.

Boiler on "working out"

Important. The only inconvenience during operation is the need to install a fuel tank. In most cases, a separate room is allocated for him so that his smells do not interfere with others.

Heating appliances

Autonomous heaters for the home are represented by the following models:

Steel radiators. The most common design is two plates with ribs welded together. You can look at such a device in the photo below or in the video in our gallery. Despite their low heat transfer, such devices are well-spread, this is due to their affordable cost.

steel battery

Such devices can have different sizes, it depends on the manufacturer and the required power. Since the heat transfer of the device is not very high, there is nothing left but to increase the heat transfer area. Compared to aluminum or bimetallic heating radiators, they are the most affordable.

If we talk about the advantages, then they are difficult to corrode, but on condition that the system is filled with water all the time. The disadvantage is low working pressures and fear of hydraulic shocks.

Important! Such radiators are well suited for autonomous systems, as they operate at a pressure of 2-3 atmospheres. In multi-storey buildings, they can only be used if there is a heat point.

Cast iron batteries. They were widely used even under the USSR. The classic representative of this type from the times of “developed socialism” is the ms 140 brand radiators.

MS 140 device

Cast iron appliances have good thermal conductivity. They are well suited for heating networks because they are not demanding on water quality. The devices have good inertia, which allows them to radiate heat for a long time.

The design of MS 140 allows only to radiate heat, heat transfer by convection is not provided. Modern models of devices have designs that give off heat and convection.

Such heaters do not like hydraulic shocks, since the cast iron itself is very fragile. The disadvantage of cast iron is that it does not tolerate water hammer very well. Due to the large weight of the battery, installation work is laborious. The price of these devices is one of the lowest.

Aluminum appliances. They have a beautiful appearance, despite their light weight, they have good heat dissipation. Sectional and cast models are produced. Such equipment is not as susceptible to water hammer as previous radiators, but is afraid of corrosion.

aluminum batteries

Despite these advantages, there are also disadvantages. The main one is the demands on the quality of the coolant, an overestimated value of acidity is not allowed (it cannot be used in conventional heating networks).

The design of the radiator contributes to airing, therefore, when using them, the installation of air eliminators is mandatory.

Important. If you decide to operate these heating elements, then you must ensure that there are no antagonist metals (copper) in the system. Because processes of destruction of pipelines can begin.

Bimetal radiators. Production is carried out according to special technology. Two metals are used during manufacture: steel and aluminum. These models contain the advantages of aluminum and steel radiators. Heating system country house with these radiators will work at a high level.

Bimetal radiator

All elements that come into contact with the coolant are made of steel, and those that are responsible for heat transfer are made of aluminum. This is how you improve performance characteristics, because aluminum has a much better heat transfer coefficient, and steel has a resistance to poor water quality.

These devices have a service life of more than twenty years, and their appearance will allow them to be installed in any room without decorative boxes. The disadvantages include the high cost and small cross-section of pipes in the collectors.

Vacuum coolers. In such devices, the coolant moves only along the lower collector, and the other space is filled with a boron-lithium mixture under vacuum. One section of such a battery contains fifty grams of coolant. For example, aluminum holds three hundred and fifty grams.

Boron-lithium mixture begins to boil at thirty-five degrees. It becomes obvious that less coolant is required to heat the room, which means less fuel, and it is saved.

Comparison with a thermal imager: vacuum battery (left), cast iron (right)

Due to their design, the batteries do not become airy, they can be slightly slagged. These devices can be installed in any heating system, the instructions for their operation allow you to do this.

It should also be noted the high safety and durability of these batteries. Having made an investment once, you will forget about problems with heating, and an autonomous heating system at home will delight you.

Pump selection

In specialized stores a large assortment of similar products. And there are both expensive models and cheaper ones. We will not describe the disadvantages and advantages of this equipment, if you are interested, then on our website there is a special article on this topic. Let's say one thing, if finances allow you, then it is better to purchase a pump from a trusted company: Pedrollo, Grundfos, Wilo.

Circulation pump Grundfos

Conclusion

Do-it-yourself autonomous heating of a house is more than a feasible task. In order to make it a reality, you need to familiarize yourself with the information on our website. The more information you get, the better you will know what you need.

heating-gid.ru

Electric heating in a private house: how to heat a home without gas, wood and diesel fuel

Electricity is one of the most expensive species energy carriers, but despite this, some owners country cottages for various reasons, they choose it as the main source of heat for their home. Moreover, knowing some secrets and nuances can significantly reduce the cost of payment. utilities. Read on to learn how to make electric heating of a private house with your own hands and not go broke on its operation.

Heating a house with electricity effective method keep yourself warm

Independent installation of the climate network

Selecting the right system

A simple analysis of various heating schemes used in individual construction shows that water heating of a private house with electricity is most beneficial.

In this case, an electric boiler is used that heats a liquid (water or antifreeze), which then flows through pipes to heating radiators and there it releases the accumulated thermal energy to the air in the room. To ensure greater efficiency, an electric pump can be included in the circuit, accelerating the circulation of the coolant.

In the photo - a diagram of the operation of water heating with an electric boiler

This heating system is easy to install and operate. Installation does not require special skills and special permissions. You just need to make sure that the existing wiring and main power lines can withstand the load from connecting the boiler of your choice.

The water electric heating system of a private house consists of the following elements that you need to purchase before you make your own climate system:

device	Description
electric boiler	The power of this device depends on the area of heated premises, possible heat loss and several other factors. To calculate the amount of thermal energy required for heating, there are special formulas.
Circulation pump	Such equipment not only reduces the inertia of the system, allowing you to heat the house in a shorter time, but also saves electricity, increasing the heat transfer of the climate network as a whole.
bypass	Installed with the pump. It is necessary to organize the flow of fluid in the event of a breakdown of electrical equipment.
Expansion tank	Mounted in a water heating system to compensate for pressure when heating a liquid. It is recommended to buy containers of a closed type with a membrane. Although their price is slightly higher, they help to avoid coolant losses and can be placed not in the upper part of the system, but on the pipe that supplies water to the boiler.
Pipelines	Necessary for transporting the coolant from the boiler to the heating radiators. They also connect all other elements of the system. For the system in question, polymer pipes are excellent. If you decide to make a hidden gasket, you need to take parts made of metal-plastic or cross-linked polyethylene.
Floor heating	This is an optional element of the heating system, but it helps to save electricity significantly. In the described case, the initial heating of the air occurs with the help of radiators, and the “warm floor”, which requires less electricity, is responsible for maintaining a comfortable temperature.

Water heated floor will significantly increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the climate network

Note! Heating in a private house with electricity is completely dependent on the presence of voltage in the sockets. Therefore, in the event of an emergency power outage, the home will remain without heat. To avoid this, you can purchase combined heating equipment that runs on several types of fuel.

So you can temporarily start the boiler on diesel fuel or wood, waiting for the arrival of the repair team of electricians in the warmth.

The instructions for designing a heating system are quite simple.

Installation work is carried out according to the following scheme:

Installation of an electric heating boiler. There are no tricks here, except for the choice of power. It is better for a specialist to calculate this parameter, but the general recommendation is that 1 kW of thermal energy is needed for 18 m3 of heated area. In this case, it is advisable to adhere to the following tips:

when installing the equipment on the floor or hanging on the wall, it is necessary to use a water or laser level, otherwise the liquid will be unevenly distributed in the heat exchanger, as a result of which it may boil and intensive formation of mineral deposits on the heating elements;
shut-off valves must be installed on the inlet and outlet pipes (it will allow you to turn off the boiler without draining the coolant);
connect the boiler to electrical network it is necessary using a cable of a suitable section (preferably stranded).

When installing an electric boiler, pay attention to the observance of the horizontal and vertical, otherwise a large amount of scale will form in it

Note! Before connecting the boiler, you must make sure that the meter you have allows the transfer of this amount of energy. Powerful climatic equipment (more than 10 kW) requires a three-phase current.

Take care of this in advance by contacting the organization that supplies electricity.

The tightness of the climate network depends on the quality of installation of the pipeline system.

Advice! Before installing the system, it is necessary to correctly calculate its hydraulic resistance. Special computer programs will help.

Otherwise, the water in the pipes and radiators will not flow in the right direction, forcing you to start work from scratch.

Construction of water heated floors. Although this element of the system, strictly speaking, is not mandatory, its installation in heating systems with an electric boiler helps to significantly save on utility bills. The supply of coolant to the pipes under the floor can be arranged by inserting into the general system or equipping an additional circuit. The latter option is preferable, as it allows you to more accurately regulate the microclimate in the house.

Approximate connection diagram for heating radiators and underfloor heating circuits

The heating system of a private house - electric or any other - will be more economical if it is provided for the installation of mechanical, and preferably electronic temperature controllers that change the operating modes of the boiler and circulation pump depending on the temperature outside and in the house. In this case, energy resources will be spent more economically.

Features and secrets

Let us dwell on some of the nuances, the observance of which allows us to make the heating system using electricity as comfortable, ergonomic and economical as possible:

connection of all electrical appliances is carried out with the electrical circuit turned off;
each heating radiator must be equipped with an air valve (Maevsky tap), which will be needed to remove air plugs from the heating system that formed there after filling the coolant;

A Mayevsky tap must be installed on each heating radiator

if you decide to install an open expansion tank in the heating system, it must be mounted at the highest point of the system - in the attic of the house;
to make your electric heating system completely autonomous, it is advisable to purchase and install diesel generator the required power, which will turn on in case of power outages.

Upon completion of installation, it is necessary to make pressure testing of the heating circuits. For this, a special pneumatic device is used, but you can do without it. Simply run the system at slightly higher fluid pressure than expected and let it run for at least 24 hours. During this time, any flaws and marriage in the installation will be identified.

Output

An electric heating system is a very easy to install and efficient way to heat rooms. However, you can’t classify it as economical. To reduce costs, it is recommended to install multi-fuel boilers in the house. See the video for more details on this.

hydroguru.com

Electric heating: types and methods

Not everywhere there is an opportunity to conduct main gas, but electricity is everywhere (almost). How and with what device it is possible to make electric heating of a private house, what are the advantages and disadvantages of each method - about all this below.

Types of electric heating

Heating with electricity can be done in several ways. First of all, you should decide on the type of system you want to implement. It will be traditional water heating, air or underfloor heating. All three systems can be used as a single heating method, or combined - any two or even all three. To decide, you need to imagine the advantages and disadvantages of each of them.

Electric heating does not have to be the same type

Water heating with electric boiler

Let's start with the merits. The most stable system, which, due to inertia, continues to maintain the temperature for some time after the boiler has stopped working. During operation, it dries the air minimally, it works almost silently. High maintainability. If you do not hide heating pipes in the walls, they are always available for repair and replacement.

Water heating with an electric boiler is no different

These are the disadvantages. A complex system of pipes and radiators requires a lot of time and money at the installation stage. Due to inertia, it is impossible to quickly change the temperature - it will not work to heat the room quickly. When the system is stopped in winter time it can collapse - if the water freezes in the pipes, it will break them. For serious repairs, a complete shutdown and draining of the coolant is necessary.

Air heating on electric heaters

Heating of this type is quickly mounted. All you need is to buy heaters, hang them up and plug them in. The air begins to heat up immediately after switching on. When the system is frozen, it remains operational - there is nothing to freeze. Heating elements are not interconnected. Failure of one does not affect the performance of others. It can be easily repaired.

Hang heaters - that's all it takes

The disadvantages of air heating are as follows. The first is that when the heaters are turned off, the temperature drops rapidly. To ensure continuous operation, a backup power supply system is required. The second - due to direct contact with the heating elements, the air dries up, measures / devices are needed to humidify the air. Third, many air heaters have built-in fans to improve efficiency, but they are noisy.

Underfloor heating on electrical elements

Electric underfloor heating is the youngest heating system. Of all the above, it gives the most comfortable conditions - the most heat it turns out at the level of the legs, and in the area of \u200b\u200bthe head - it is average. Also, this system is inert - while the floor array heats up / cools down, a significant period of time passes. For this reason, after turning off the temperature remains for some time. The complexity of installation depends on the type of electric floor heating. There are systems that require screeds (electric heating cables and mats), there are those that are mounted on a flat hard base without wet work (film floor heating) and can be used to heat laminate, linoleum, etc.

There is a warm floor different types. This is a comfortable way to heat a private house with electricity.

Electric heating of a private house with underfloor heating has its drawbacks. The first is medium or low maintainability. There is no direct access to the heating system. You have to dismantle / break the floor. The second - the time and effort spent on the installation of electric underfloor heating cannot be called low. Systems that require a screed are installed for about a month (while the screed is “ripening”, you cannot use it), a warm floor for “dry” installation can be assembled in a day, but the cost of heating elements is quite high.

What is the best type of heating with electricity

As you can see, it will not work to say which type of electric heating in the house is the best. There is no ideal. It is necessary to proceed from the operating conditions:

The above is based on the choice of the majority. This does not mean that it is impossible in the house with permanent residence to make air electric heating of a private house. It is possible and they do. You just need to be clear about the advantages and disadvantages.

Electric boilers for water heating

One of the key positions in the installation of water heating at home is the boiler. There are three types of electric boilers:

All of them heat water with electricity, but use different processes and technologies. Each type has advantages and disadvantages, which we will discuss in more detail.

Electric boilers TENovye

The working element in these heating boilers is a tubular electric heater, abbreviated as a heating element. It is made of a material that generates heat when an electric current passes through it. This element is enclosed in an electrically insulating tube, the space between the heating element and the tube is filled with sand - for more efficient heat transfer from the heating coil to the body. The water in the boiler flows around the heating element, heating up from its walls.

TENA device

As is clear from the description, this type of electric boiler does not have very high efficiency - there are too many losses during heat transfer. But boilers with heating elements are popular, due to the fact that they have a relatively low cost, the heating elements are easily replaced. Another disadvantage of this type of boilers can be called large dimensions - you need a container for heating water,

In order for the electric heating of a private house based on a boiler with heating elements to be economical, it must have the following functions:

Such models are expensive, but heating bills come in less, since at any given time there are as many heaters as needed to maintain the desired temperature. This is how savings are achieved.

There is one more point: the system must be of a closed type. The fact is that when water is heated on the surface of heating elements, limescale, significantly reducing the efficiency of water heating. In a closed-type system, a certain amount of water circulates and there is simply nowhere to “achieve” on the fly. If the system is planned to be open type, it will have to use water with a minimum amount of salts. Ideally distilled.

Induction electric boilers

It has long been observed that an object that enters a magnetic field heats up. The operation of induction heating boilers is based on this phenomenon. In fact, this is a large induction coil through which current is passed. Water flows through the induction field, heats up, enters the system.

The principle of operation of an electric boiler operating on electromagnetic induction

Advantages of an induction boiler:

Among the disadvantages of these boilers is a higher price (compared to heating element boilers of similar capacity). The second minus is that it is necessary to monitor the level of coolant in the system. There is no way to control it automatically, so constant checks are required. If it is not enough, the coil will overheat. If this state of affairs continues for some time, the hull may even melt. This is one of important points.

Otherwise, the reliability of this boiler is high - there is nothing to burn out, since the conductor through which the current flows is heated slightly. After all, the formation of heat occurs in the liquid.

Electrode heating boilers

These heating electric boilers use the phenomenon of electrolysis. When ions move towards an electrode with a corresponding charge, heat is released. An alternating voltage of Hz is applied to the electrodes in this heating boiler. So the change in polarity of the electrodes occurs 50 times per second. As a result, the movement of ions, accompanied by the release of heat, does not stop and heat is carried through the heating system.

The difference between heating elements and electrode boilers is in the heating area

Advantages of electrode boilers:

The coolant is heated "from the inside", while the entire volume of liquid inside the boiler is heated. So the energy efficiency of such equipment is high, less time is needed to reach the set temperature. This results in lower heating costs. So say the manufacturers, and confirm the owners of these boilers.
Small sizes.
The lack of coolant is not a problem. The hardware just won't work. Add water to the system, everything will work.
Small cost.
Easy installation.

These are all the real advantages of electrode heating boilers. The main plus is that this equipment can be left to work unattended.

Disadvantages of this heating equipment:

The described shortcomings, rather, can be attributed to the features of operation. In general, the electric heating of a private house with an electrode boiler suits many. All that is needed is to properly prepare the water (add salt) or fill in a special coolant.

A few words about the cost of electric boilers

If you look at the prices for electric heating boilers, then heating boilers really have a higher price tag, and electrode or induction boilers have a much lower price tag. But don't be fooled. In reality, the difference will not be so striking.

All necessary elements are built in TENovy coppers

Electrode and induction boilers are supplied only with a control unit, and even then not always

At first glance, there is a big difference.

Under the casing of the heating element boiler, in addition to the tank for heating water and heating elements, there is also a circulation pump, a temperature sensor, a control device and an expansion tank. That means you don't have to buy anything extra.

The price tag for an electrode and induction boiler is only the boiler itself, sometimes complete with a control unit, and even then not always. Sometimes the control must be purchased separately. All other parts of the system that water electric heating of a private house needs - an expansion tank, a circulation pump, sensors - all these devices will have to be purchased separately. That's for sure. It is possible that the amount spent as a result will be less than the cost of a heating element boiler, but the difference will clearly not be as large as it seems at first glance. And this must be remembered.

Heating the house with electric heaters

Electric heating of a private house can be done on the basis of electric heaters. It can be done based on:

What attracts most of all in the idea of air electric heating of a private house is the absence of the need to build a complex and expensive system. You only need sockets and sufficient dedicated power at home. Heating itself can be organized using a variety of devices.

Air convectors

According to the installation method, they are:

An air convector of any type has a similar structure: there is a heating element (heater) with fins - for better heat transfer. The desired temperature is set on the thermostat, which turns the heater on/off as needed. There are holes in the case for better air circulation. The lower ones are for cold air in, the upper ones are for heated air to exit. In this case, circulation occurs naturally, but in this case the air moves slowly, also slowly spreading heat. For a more active temperature set, some models have built-in fans that speed up the process.

The device of a modern convector electric heater

Three types - wall, ceiling, floor - practically do not require installation. For wall-mounted ones, two hooks are screwed into the wall, ceiling-mounted ones are fastened with dowels or self-tapping screws to the ceiling, floor-mounted - with the same fasteners, but to the floor. But with the other two types - plinth and floor - the situation is different.

As the name implies, skirting boards are mounted instead of skirting boards and have an appropriate look. The difference from heating with conventional convectors is that the air comes out near the wall, gradually heating it. When warmed up, it starts to work like a big radiator, maintaining the temperature in the room for some time after the convector is turned off. The disadvantage is that until the wall(s) heats up, the air heats up very slowly. So the electric heating of a private house on plinth convectors is suitable for housing with permanent residence.

Skirting convectors - an inconspicuous way of electric heating

Convectors built into the floor have another difference. They work like conventional convectors, but are built into the floor. They have a depth of at least 10 cm (these are the “shallowest”), so their installation is possible only at the repair stage. And the floor usually has to be raised. But this is the most inconspicuous way of heating. It is indispensable if it is necessary to heat a French window or continuous glazing.

Oil heaters

Electric heating of a private house using oil heaters is not done so often. They are more used as a remedy in case of abnormal cold weather. Although they do their job well, fewer convectors dry the air. Heating element - the same heating element is inserted into a container filled with oil. Due to its energy intensity, it does not store a large amount of heat and only then begins to radiate it. From the walls of these heaters comes a more pleasant warmth for a person. It is more like heat from a heated earth or a furnace.

Oil heaters for electric heating of a private house

The disadvantage of oil heaters is that it takes a long time for the oil to heat up. That is, because of their inertia, they can only be used on a long-term basis - in houses with permanent residence. At dachas - only for long visits, as they are not able to quickly heat the room.

Oil heaters are more often produced on wheels - this is a mobile "emergency" option. There are wall models. Here they can be used for the device of heating in the house.

Ceramic heating panels

In ceramic heating panels, the heating element is located close to the glass-ceramic front panel. This panel heats up to 80-90°C, after which it begins to radiate heat in the infrared range. This is exactly the heat that the sun radiates.

The device of ceramic heating panels for electric heating of a private house

Like any heating element, this one "works" in two directions and heats the opposite side. In order to reduce heating losses on the rear side, a screen is installed between the rear panel and the heating element, reflecting some of the heat towards the ceramics. This increases the heating efficiency.

When calculating conventional heaters (except infrared ones), 1 kW of electric heater power per 10 square meters of area is taken. But if the electric heating of a private house is decided to be based on ceramic heating panels, it is recommended to consider 0.5 kW for the same area. And a video review of the operation of such a panel confirms the validity of this approach. But, in order for the heater not to work at its limit in cold weather, it is better to consider 0.6 kW per square. And then, provided that you have "standard" ceilings.

infrared emitters

Another way to organize electric heating of a private house is to use infrared heaters. Their main difference is that it is not the air that is heated, but the objects that fall into the zone of action of infrared waves. They are already warming up the air. That is, this method of heating is identical to how the sun "works" - first the earth heats up, and from it - the air.

One of the options for heating a private house with electricity is the use of infrared heaters.

This method appears to be the most efficient. In any case, a person in a room heated by such devices says that he is warm at lower temperatures. The difference is 3-4°C. That is, this method of heating allows you to use less electricity. And one more positive thing - heated objects (and these are walls and ceilings too) accumulate heat, and then maintain the temperature after turning off the heaters.

Automatic heating boilers

Electric water heating of a private house. Electric heating of a country house: heating a house with electricity

What heating is better for a private house

Home heating with electricity: cheap or expensive

Types of electric heating systems

Electric heating is the most economical: without a boiler

Economical electric boilers: options

The most economical electric heating and electrical appliances

Installation of electric heating of a private house

Is it possible to heat the apartment with electricity

Benefits of heating with electricity

Disadvantages of heating

Types of electric heating

How to make cheap apartment heating

Varieties of heating systems

Which options are not suitable

Organization of economical heating

Thermal accumulator

Manufacturing features

Principle of operation

Do-it-yourself thermal accumulator

Electric boilers for home heating

Instrument models

Comparison of convectors and oil coolers

Related videos

Electric boiler Proterm

Russian-made boiler Evan

Electric boiler from the Rusnit brand

Electric boiler for a summer residence - the final choice

oil batteries

Electric convector

Ceramic heating panels

Heat guns

inverter heatsink

Infrared heaters

fan heaters

Advantages and disadvantages

Types of heating

Electric heating

Conclusion

Underfloor heating system

infrared heating

Water heating: heating elements boilers

Electrode devices

Induction boilers

Advantages and disadvantages of electric heating

Electric heating in a private house - choose the best option

Types of electrical heating appliances

infrared heating

Converter heaters

Warm floor

fan heaters

Electric boilers

Benefits of electric heating

Finally

Page 2

Heating systems and their components

gas boilers

Electric boilers

Oil boilers

Solid fuel boilers

Conclusion

Page 3

The composition of autonomous heat supply

Boiler selection

Heating appliances

Pump selection

Conclusion

Electric heating in a private house: how to heat a home without gas, wood and diesel fuel

Independent installation of the climate network

Selecting the right system

Features and secrets

Output

Electric heating: types and methods

Types of electric heating

Water heating with electric boiler

Air heating on electric heaters

Underfloor heating on electrical elements

What is the best type of heating with electricity

Electric boilers for water heating

Electric boilers TENovye