The easiest decorative plaster to apply. Methods and tips for applying decorative plaster

Works related to the application of decorative plaster provide the surface with an original relief coating that can adequately decorate any interior.

The technology of applying decorative plaster has come to us since ancient times, since then the method has been improved, and due to modern developments, it has received new opportunities.

Existing options for finishing with decorative plaster allow you to create a luxurious interior design in Venetian, Moroccan, Provencal styles with your own hands.

The choice of decorative plaster

Types of decorative plaster, depending on the composition of the finishing material, are divided into classes.

Usually, crushed quartz, marble or granite is used as the main filler material, possibly a combination of them.

Also, decorative plaster is divided into types according to the size of the filler fractions.

Based on this, finishing material with large fractions of minerals are usually used for decorating outdoor concrete surfaces buildings, with fine grains - for application to indoor walls, where plasterboard serves as the basis.

In addition, there is a decorative plaster with synthetic filler.

In this case, nylon or cellulose fibers are used.

This technique of applying decorative plaster makes it possible to create three-dimensional relief patterns on any wall surface.

In addition to polymeric and mineral types of decorative finishes, silicate and silicone coatings have become widespread.

Based on the foregoing, you can consider what types of decorative material are best suited for application to the ceiling, walls or facade surfaces.

Mineral

Decorative plaster based on crushed minerals, due to the high level of vapor permeability and environmental friendliness, is used for application on walls inside buildings.

Decorating with such plaster is especially important in rooms with high humidity, on moisture resistant drywall.

Polymer

In decorative finishes based on synthetic materials, acrylic resins are added as a binder.

Finishing material is equally suitable for application to the exterior walls of the room and interior.

Due to the elasticity of the material, the use of decorative synthetic plaster is appropriate on the facades of buildings that have not yet undergone shrinkage.

Silicone

The components of silicone decorative plaster are silicone resins, due to which the finish acquires strength and UV resistance.

It is advisable to use silicone plaster for facing the outer walls of buildings, near highways, since the applied material tends to repel water and dirt.

silicate

Silicate plaster is made on the basis of liquid potash glass.

The cover is durable and resistant to high temperatures and the property to skip steam.

Most often, silicate material is used for application to the facades of buildings, since the surface treated with it is not susceptible to moisture, mold and fungi.

A set of tools and preparation for applying plaster

Having decided to apply decorative material on the wall with your own hands, you should not only get acquainted with the technology, how to properly apply decorative plaster, but also start preparing the walls.

And also stock up on certain tools.

Perhaps any tool in the list below will be superfluous, since it all depends on the methods of applying decorative finishes:

container for plaster mixture;
spatulas ( different sizes and forms)
scraper, trowel and trowel;
drill with a nozzle for mixing the mixture;
brushes, brushes, combs of different sizes;
tubs and rolls.

Metal tools should not contain rust, so it is best to use stainless steel tools.

Regardless of what options, methods or types of work for applying decorative plaster and types of materials will be used, the workflow should begin with preparatory work.

The ceiling and walls to be decorated are removed with their own hands from pieces of the old coating and leveled.

If the finishing material is to be applied to drywall, then all joints and cracks must be smeared and sanded, and the surface itself primed.

Preparing the exterior walls of a building for decoration is no different from preparing the interior walls.

Unless the process turns out to be more laborious, since on the basis there should not be old paint, traces of greasy stains and dirt.

Worn-out facades are subjected to mechanical stress in order to remove mold, crumbling parts of the base or exfoliated reinforcement.

After that, they carry out work on leveling and priming the walls of the facade with their own hands.

If moisture-resistant drywall was used to level the walls of the facade, then it is primed with an adhesive with deep penetration, which has good adhesive properties.

All surfaces are treated with a similar primer, not only drywall, in addition to foam concrete and concrete bases, the structure of which is classified as slightly absorbent.

The concrete base is primed with concrete contact, or other types of products are used that can provide surfaces with a rough layer for its subsequent adhesion with decorative plaster.

Techniques for obtaining decorative surfaces

Various methods of applying decorative plaster carry several important advantages. Among them, freedom of design decisions and huge selection colours, reliefs and textures.

Having a tool at hand, having an artistic taste and knowing how to properly apply decorative plaster, you can create luxurious masterpieces with your own hands.

Decorate in the chosen style not only the walls, but also the ceiling.

To obtain beautiful ceiling or pretty walls, you don't have to be a professional or use a special tool.

Still inexperienced in this area, it is better for masters to use more simple methods decorating walls, this is the application of decorative bark beetle plaster.

Decorative finishing under the bark beetle can be used to improve the appearance of both internal and external walls of buildings. This way is suitable to decorate the ceiling.

The application of decorative bark beetle plaster is possible on any puttied surface: drywall, wood, concrete or brick.

The tools needed, as well as the preparation of surfaces, were discussed above, so you can immediately move on to the topic of how to apply bark beetle decorative plaster.

A tool such as a plastic trowel allows you to achieve a texture with the name bark beetle.

By making movements along the wall in the chosen direction with your own hands, you can get a surface with an individual pattern. such a ceiling looks especially beautiful in a private house.

In this case, the texture, depending on the size of the filler grains, will have a distinct or slightly blurred appearance.

The work is done as follows: the plaster mixture is applied to the ceiling or a section of the wall, when it sets slightly, they begin to rub it with a plastic grater.

With the movement of the hand, you can create circular, vertical or horizontal strokes.

The plaster will receive an individual look regardless of the chosen direction, since the grains of minerals moving will leave strokes behind them.

After the coating has completely dried, the surface is painted with silicate or acrylic paints. The choice depends on whether the ceiling or wall was put in order.

Hatching - fleece

This method of decorative plaster involves the use of a steel brush-comb for work, with a wire length of 10 cm, with a cross section of 0.1 mm.

A plaster mortar is applied to drywall or a cement flat surface until it has set, and they begin to work out the surface with a metal brush.

Movements can be carried out at different angles and in different directions. As a result, get wavy or directed perpendicular to each other strokes.

After a strong setting of the decorated surface with a soft brush, weakly adhering grains of plaster are removed from it.

Decorative wall plaster with rollers

Before you take up the tool for work, necessary for applying decorative plaster, you should pay attention to the unevenness of the walls or the battered ceiling.

Well if bearing base plastered plasterboard protrudes. Otherwise, surface differences will have to be leveled using a putty tool.

The basis, under drawing a decorative layer by the roller, has to be equal and pure.

The technology of applying decorative plaster with a roller is carried out by sliding smooth strokes, evenly distributing the solution over the surface of the walls.

In order not to stain the ceiling and flooring, make indents from neighboring squares.

Decorating with a woolen roller

Do-it-yourself plaster layer of a couple of millimeters is applied to the puttied drywall or cement even base with their own hands.

Woolen roller carry out movements in the selected direction. The tool will make grooves behind itself, thereby forming a pattern. Creating a relief, you can freely change the direction of the hand during operation.

Decorative plaster is the most demanded material for do-it-yourself wall decoration. Throughout the existence of this material, its style, method and method of application have changed, but the technology has always remained the same.

Due to the various methods of applying decorative plaster, the room can be changed beyond recognition. The interior of the house can be kept in one style or mixed.

A characteristic feature of plaster is the originality and uniqueness of the pattern, so each room will be original and unique.

Decorative plaster can be painted in any color. Therefore, a few years after the repair, you can easily change the color of yours.

One of the advantages of decorating walls with decorative plaster is ease of use. Without professional experience, but following our advice, you can easily do all the work yourself without the help of specialists.

Below we describe the detailed step by step instructions for finishing with decorative plaster with your own hands.

When encountering this material for the first time, the question arises: “How to apply decorative plaster on walls?” There is nothing difficult in this.

First, let's figure out where you can buy decorative plaster. As a rule, it is sold in dry form, but there are also ready-made formulations.

The composition of decorative plaster includes T:

filler,
binder material,
various supplements.

After the purchase necessary tool, you can safely proceed to the decoration of the walls with decorative plaster with your own hands.

Surface pretreatment

Fill a bucket with water and pour in the mixture. Using a drill with a mixing attachment, mix the contents to a creamy consistency. Leave the finished solution for 15 minutes so that it reaches and acquires all the necessary properties. Mix decorative plaster.

Don't mix too much material. Over time, it will begin to dry out and lose its plasticity.

Applying decorative plaster to walls

The final stage of work is painting. You can choose two options: paint the finished plaster, or add the selected color at the stage of preparing the mortar. In the latter case, the plaster is already applied in color.

Various techniques for applying decorative plaster and the subtleties of work differ from each other.

Modern market finishing materials never ceases to amaze consumers with products for every taste and color. Beautiful decorative plasters with different shades and textures are very popular.

Today we will take a closer look at these finishing materials and consider step by step how to properly apply them.

Peculiarities

Everyone wants to make their home as comfortable and cozy as possible. You can achieve this goal by beautifully and competently decorating a house or apartment. Fortunately, today's homeowners have everything they need for this, from a variety of finishing mixes to luxurious hard cladding.

Such an attractive material as decorative plaster deserves special attention.

If you are tired of classic and unremarkable environments, then this is perfect for you. With the help of high-quality decorative plaster, you can give your home a unique image. Currently, there are mixtures in stores that have different textures and colors, which allows buyers to choose an interesting and reliable option for decoration in any style, whether it is ultra-modern high-tech or artsy baroque.

Do not think that such finishing materials can only be used to decorate the interior of the home. Modern manufacturers produce high-quality decorative plasters intended for facade decoration.

Such coatings are distinguished by reliability and durability - they are not afraid of precipitation and temperature changes.

Also, decorative varieties of plaster mixtures have a unique appearance. It is these finishing materials that are used when creating spectacular panels, relief surfaces in the form of paintings or uniform drawings. As a result of applying such coatings, the interior becomes truly original and bright. Often, the reliefs applied to the walls combine many different shades. Thanks to such combinations, the finish acquires volume and literally comes to life, transforming the interior or facade of the building as a whole.

This finishing material is also distinguished by the fact that, if desired, it is quite possible to replace it. For example, if you are tired of the original shade of plaster, you have the opportunity to seamlessly change it at your discretion. It is worth noting here that it can be not only perfectly smooth and uniform, but also a relief coating or a beautiful panel.

A distinctive feature of decorative plaster is a rather deep relief. Otherwise, it is called a bas-relief. It protrudes above the surface of the base by several centimeters. Of course, there are also plasters that have an almost smooth surface and stand out exclusively in color. Both options look aesthetically pleasing, but the choice always remains with the buyer.

Today, in building and finishing materials stores, there are quite interesting decorative plasters that, when applied to various bases, imitate natural surfaces. For example, it can be a drawing under a tree. Such coatings are applied both with a conventional spatula and with a roller with a special nozzle.

Of course, such finishing materials are more expensive, but they look very interesting and fresh.

Most decorative plaster mixtures are plastic. Due to this feature, such materials are very easy to apply, it is convenient to work with them. That is why not only experienced craftsmen, but also beginners who have not encountered such work before can apply them on various bases.

Pros and cons

If you decide to turn to such a spectacular finishing material as decorative plaster, then you should familiarize yourself with all its strengths and weaknesses.

First, let's look at the advantages of this mixture:

High-quality decorative plaster boasts good strength characteristics. She is not afraid of mechanical damage and various external influences.
Not to mention the beautiful appearance of this finish. Decorative plaster can completely transform the interior or facade of the house, giving them a unique flavor.
Such a finish will last a very long time and will not lose its attractive appearance. appearance.

Decorative plaster does not crumble and does not crumble even after many years after application. Of course, a lot depends on the quality. finishing works: if you followed the instructions and correctly applied such material, then it will not collapse and deform.
Many consumers turn to decorative plaster, as it can be used to hide various wall defects that are found in many homes. Of course, we are talking about minor cracks and bumps. Decorative plaster simply cannot cope with significant damage.
Decorative plaster is also good because it is a versatile material. It can be applied to a variety of bases. It can be wood, brick, concrete, metal and many other materials.

This finish is used both for interior and for exterior finish which once again confirms its versatility.
A high-quality mixture is not afraid of temperature changes and frost.
Such plaster has soundproofing properties, so it is often used when decorating walls both in apartments and in private houses.

Branded plaster mixes are not afraid of dampness and moisture.
Decorative plaster is an environmentally friendly finishing material. It does not contain hazardous components and toxic substances, so this material can be safely used for home decoration.
These materials are vapor permeable.

Thanks to this quality, the bases on which decorative plaster is applied “breathe” and no traces of fungus or mold appear on them.

This finishing material does not cause allergic reactions either during application or after drying.
Decorative plaster does not have a sharp and unpleasant odor, so during its application you will not feel sick or dizzy.
It is possible to apply this material with your own hands. Finishing this or that base with a plaster mixture is not difficult, and you can quite do without the help of specialists.
In stores you can find decorative plaster of the most different colors and invoices.
This material does not require expensive and meticulous care.

As you can see, this finishing material has a lot of advantages. That is why many homeowners who are looking for a truly high-quality and beautiful material for home decoration.

However, despite the impressive list of advantages, decorative plaster has some disadvantages. Let's consider them in more detail:

The main disadvantage that repels people from buying this material is the high cost. Ordinary plaster is much cheaper.
Many consumers attribute the disadvantages of this material to the fact that for its application it is necessary to carefully prepare the base, and this often takes a lot of time.
If you want to dismantle decorative plaster from the base, then you will have to spend a lot of time and effort - this is not so easy to do.
Some homeowners find the process of applying decorative plaster to be very complicated. That is why most users turn to the services of professionals when they decide to finish the walls with this material.

A layer of decorative plaster may swell. In order not to encounter such a serious problem, you need to properly apply this material. If mistakes are made, swelling appears most often.
Also, ugly spots may appear on such a finish. This problem also makes itself felt if you applied the plaster incorrectly or used a poor-quality mortar.
Home craftsmen often encounter peeling of the finishing layer of decorative plaster. Like the above, this defect occurs due to improper application and illiterate preparation of the base.

The cons of this finishing material are much less than the pros. Moreover, many problems can be avoided if you follow the instructions for applying the plaster.

Low-quality plaster will not last long and will quickly require replacement, and this is an extra waste.

Compound

The composition of decorative plaster contains several ingredients:

A binder, which can be traditional lime and synthetic components such as polyurethane or acrylic resin. The main purpose of these components is to ensure maximum plasticity of the solution. Thanks to this, the master has more time to create the desired decor and pattern.
Also in the composition of decorative plaster there is a filler:
1. clinker Portland cement white (let's say a multi-colored version);
2. pigments;
3. colorful fillers.

Solid elements are also used as fillers, such as:
1. marble chips;
2. quartz sand;
3. wood fibers;
4. granite chips;
5. synthetic granules.

Of course, the proportion of solid components in decorative plaster is much less, but it is important to take them into account when calculating the mass of the composition.

Also in such finishing materials there are the following additives:
1. plasticizing;
2. hydrophobic.

The main purpose of these elements is to increase the resistance of the finishing material to the negative effects of dampness and moisture.

Kinds

Do not think that decorative plaster is represented by only one variety with a rough texture. Today, stores sell all kinds of mixtures that have a different structure. Moreover, different kinds plasters have different performance characteristics.

Let's take a closer look at the most popular and sought after of them, and also consider what properties they have.

Mineral

Many consumers prefer mineral decorative plaster. Most often, such mixtures are found in dry form. They need to be stirred immediately before proceeding with the finishing work.

Such types of plasters are very popular, because they are characterized by increased strength characteristics and high vapor permeability. In addition, mineral compounds are not afraid to contact with moisture.

Such material has a white color, therefore, after its application, the walls are most often additionally finished with paint and varnish coatings.

This finishing material is also popular due to its affordable cost. Of course, there are also more expensive options on the market, in which there are components such as sparkles or marble chips. Such products boast not only a spectacular appearance, but also incombustibility.

It is also worth noting that mineral plaster is suitable for both interior and exterior decoration, as it is quite reliable and wear-resistant.

However, this material also has disadvantages:

Mineral decorative plaster does not have sufficient elasticity. Because of this, it is not always easy to apply it, and over time, cracks may appear on an already dried surface.
It should also be borne in mind that the service life of the mineral coating is not too long. On average, such plaster lasts up to 10 years.
The mixture itself cannot be tinted, so you can’t do without buying additional paint and varnish coatings for finishing.

silicate

Silicate decorative plaster is made on the basis of special liquid potash glass. This material is more often used for exterior decoration of houses, since it cannot be called absolutely harmless to human health. This finishing material is quite durable, elastic and vapor-permeable. On its surface, fungus or mold does not form, even in conditions of high moisture content in the air.

Silicate plaster is sold ready-made, so you do not have to spend time mixing it before proceeding directly to the application. Many consumers choose silicate plaster, since using it, you can pick up suitable color. However, the color range of this material is very poor.

If you decide to turn to a silicate mixture, then you should take into account that certain knowledge and experience are needed to apply it, since it dries very quickly and you will have almost no time to adjust.

Acrylic

Acrylic decorative plaster is a ready-made water-dispersion mixture. It does not need to be stirred before starting work or prepared in any other way. The composition of such plaster contains a high molecular weight polymer - acrylic resin.

The main advantage of acrylic mortar is its high elasticity. Over time, cracks do not appear on the surface, and the bases under such coatings do not undergo deformation, just like the finishing material itself. Acrylic decorative plaster can be used for both interior and exterior decoration.

However, this finishing material has one significant disadvantage - susceptibility to fire. Acrylic plaster is very flammable and supports combustion.

For this reason, this mixture is strongly not recommended for use if the house has wool insulation.

Silicone

The basis of such plaster are decorative resins. Due to this feature, such solutions acquire excellent characteristics. Silicone plasters are considered the most modern and high-tech.

These ready-made formulations have the following positive qualities:

serve for a very long time;
boast resistance to moisture and moisture;
they are highly elastic, so they are easy to apply and do not crack / deform over time;
possess fine characteristics of adhesion to practically any bases;
are vapor permeable;
suitable for both the interior of the home and the facade.

Such plaster is capable of self-cleaning. In addition, she is not afraid of precipitation, so we can safely talk about her wear resistance.

The main disadvantages of this material are rather high cost and obligatory preparation of the base before direct application. Wherein for the base you need to use a special silicone primer which is also expensive.

Textured

Also, plasters are divided according to the type of filler into:

textured;
structural.

Textured plaster is a finishing material with a composition in which there is not only a binder, but also various additives. Such a mixture can take on a variety of configurations. For example, this plaster is able to imitate stone or wood.

Structural

Structural plaster is no less popular at present. It, like textured, is a heterogeneous mass, in which there are small pebbles, wood fibers, mica, quartz and other similar components.

As a connecting element in such compositions is:

latex;
potassium silicate;
cement-lime composition.

Mixtures containing very small particles are characterized by unsurpassed elasticity, despite the composition. Such plaster easily falls on the most different grounds, whether it be walls made of wood, concrete or brick. Moreover, structural mixture can be applied and smoothed with any tool(some masters even use the palm of their hand).

Such products are sold in finished form. They do not need to be kneaded and prepared for finishing work.

In stores there are structural decorative plasters in containers from 10 to 25 kg.

Venetian

Venetian plaster looks rich and pretentious. Outwardly, it is very similar to a marble surface. Such a stunning effect is achieved by adding stone dust to the mixture, which acts as a base.

Working with this finishing material is not so easy.

To achieve desired result, Venetian plaster cannot be put in just one layer. Often it is necessary to apply this material in 5-6 layers.

But it is worth considering that the indescribable beauty of the resulting drawings is worth it.

To date, there are several varieties of Venetian plaster. Let's consider them in detail.

Craquelure

This unusual coating is antique and fits perfectly into many interiors, and it can be not only retro or classic, but also a modern trend.

To achieve the desired effect, you need to apply an additional layer of special varnish on top., which will act as a finish coat. As a rule, this varnish dries slowly, while pulling together a layer of plaster, giving it unusual view. At the same time, the finish does not suffer in any way and does not lose its positive characteristics.

Carrara marble

This is another of the varieties of Venetian plaster, which has a beautiful appearance. However, with ordinary putty, such a coating will not work. Here you need to use only a special mixture of a large number of layers.

Natural Carrara marble is not found in interiors - it has practically ceased to be mined. However, modern manufacturers produce good finishing materials that imitate a similar stone.

Marseille wax

This kind of plaster is almost no different from the usual Venetian. The only difference is that wax is pre-added to it, which gives the finishing material a unique visual effect. The result is not only a very beautiful, but also a reliable coating with improved performance.

It is permissible to use such plaster when finishing rooms with a high level of humidity, such as a kitchen or bathroom. If you want to make the environment truly chic, then Marseille wax is sure to suit you. To date, there are many varieties of such decorative plaster.

With the help of different mixtures, you can create all kinds of decorative effects, bringing notes of chic and brilliance to the interior.

bark beetle

Decorative plaster with the memorable name "bark beetle" is acrylic and plaster. Acrylic materials are ready for application, while gypsum materials are dry mixes that must be prepared before starting work.

By itself, bark beetle plaster is a mixture of a composite composition, in which there are many small granules of marble and mineral chips. The granularity of this interesting material depends largely on the size of the granular components. The surface of the material consists of grooves having different widths and depths.

The main advantages of this material are:

increased strength characteristics;
reliability;
environmental friendliness (due to natural and safe components);
lightness, thanks to the mineral filler;
resistance to precipitation;
fire resistance;
does not require complex and expensive maintenance;
not afraid of mechanical damage;
presented in rich colors;
has a democratic price.

Of course, like any other material, bark beetle plaster has its drawbacks:

if such a finishing material has acquired mechanical damage, it is unlikely that it will be possible to restore its original appearance;
this plaster is not so easy to apply, so it is better to entrust such work only to an experienced specialist.

Fur coat

Decorative plaster called "fur coat" has a rough surface. Such finishing material came into fashion in the distant past, and now it is regaining its former popularity.

Modern stucco "fur coat" is performed using the same technology as in the past, but it looks different. Today it is painted in different shades. Thanks to such a finish, the situation can significantly change, becoming stylish and original.

Consider what advantages this finishing material has:

"fur coat" has good soundproofing characteristics;
easy to apply;
this plaster can be applied with different tools: from a roller to a brush;
has an aesthetic and original appearance;
the finish can be restored if necessary;
is inexpensive.

But keep in mind that dust sticks to this finish very quickly. Surfaces finished in this way will have to be washed. We recommend using a jet of water for this.

You do not need to do this too often, it will be enough to carry out the procedure once every few years.

silk

One of the most popular decorative plasters today is a silk-like mixture. This finishing material has the appearance of a beautiful silk cloth, transferred to one or another base. Such a spectacular result is due to the presence of cellulose and cotton fibers in the composition of the plaster, as well as the silk itself. In this mixture, of course, there are also polymer components that give it additional plasticity.

Silk plaster looks expensive and elegant. It has a deep structure that attracts admiring glances. Currently, this finish is found in stores in a variety of colors.

The disadvantages of silk decorative plaster are much less. These include:

the ability to absorb foreign odors;
susceptibility to pollution;
low wear resistance: do not place furniture too close to such a finish, otherwise it may wear out or otherwise suffer.

Consumption per 1 m²

All types of decorative plaster differ from each other in consumption.

The most economical is textured mix- from 0.9 to 1.5 kg per 1 m² (to calculate more accurately, you should determine the degree of granularity of the composition). If the solution contains finely dispersed components, then the consumption will be the smallest. If the grains in the plaster are larger (2-3 mm), then the consumption will increase and reach 1.2 kg. The consumption of coarse solutions is 1.5 kg per 1 m².
Solutions containing quartz chips, are consumed in the same way as textured ones. If grains up to 2 mm are present in the mixture, then the consumption will be about 2 kg per 1 m², if the grain diameter is 2-3 mm, then 2.5-3 kg per 1 m² will be needed.

Acrylic based formulations are of high cost.

The consumption of fine-grained plaster will be 2.5 kg per 1 m², for grains of 2 mm - 3 kg per 1 m².

structural material per 1 sq. m (with a thickness of the applied layer of 1 mm) will be only 1 kg.
Plaster called "bark beetle" is 2.4-4 kg per 1 m².
Venetian mortar is 70-200 g per 1 m².

Tools

If you decide to apply decorative plaster yourself, you need to stock up on suitable tools.

Here is their minimum set:

putty knife;
grater;
trowel (you can use plastic);
metal trowel;
clean container for plaster mixture;
rollers;

lighthouses;
stencils (if you plan to apply patterns);
stamps for plaster;
paint (if the plaster has no color);
varnish having a water base;
primer.

Application technology

It is necessary to apply decorative plaster strictly according to the instructions so that the finish is durable and reliable.

Let's consider in detail how to properly perform such work:

First, the walls need to be prepared and only then proceed directly to the application of decorative plaster.
If there are no significant defects and damages on the floors, then all the preparation comes down to cleaning the working surface from the previous finish, dust and dirt. Then the base is primed.
Old finishing materials can be removed with sandpaper, a construction grater or grinder.
If the overlap has a noticeable slope and large potholes, then it will not be possible to do without preliminary alignment.
To level the walls, you need to remove all dust and dirt, and then apply a deep penetration primer mixture to the floors. This will give the finish a better grip.

Next, you need to determine what level of curvature the walls have. This can be done using a bubble or laser level.
Mark the highest point of the curvature, and then lay a layer of plaster on it and fix the beacon on it.
All other beacons must be installed, maintaining a distance of 1.5-1.8 m. 30-60 cm must be retreated from the corners.
If you are using a dry mortar, then it is time to prepare it. If you purchased a ready-made mixture, then it must be applied to the walls using the “spray” method using a ladle or trowel.

Make sure the solution sets a little.

After that, you can repeat its application.

Next, relying on the beacons, draw the rule from the bottom up, leveling the surface of the walls and removing excess material.
Grouting using a special grater can only be started after the decorative plaster layer has dried.

Consider the general technique for applying Venetian plaster to walls:

Venetian plaster is applied starting from the ceiling, and not from the floor, like other solutions.
A small portion of the plaster mortar is placed on a large trowel (in the center). It must be applied from the bottom up with arcuate movements. In this case, a slight slope should be made.
Next, the mixture must be distributed over the entire plane of the walls. It is advisable to do this as soon as possible.
The plaster layer should be thin and transparent.

After that, the plaster must be allowed to dry. But it will take about 8 hours.
The next layer needs to be made darker. Thus, you will get a surface that is as similar to marble as possible.
The second layer is applied with a trowel, like the starting layer. Try to put plaster on the areas where the strokes intersect.
The third and remaining layers should be applied with a small trowel. The movements should be shorter than before.

The more layers you put on the walls, the more natural and attractive the structure of the finish will look.
When you have applied the last layer of plaster (and there can be from 4 to 10), you need to wait about 15-20 minutes and polish the coating. For this, a wide spatula is suitable. It must be pressed tightly against the finished wall and processed randomly, making weave strokes.
Completely such a surface will dry out within a week. Only after that it is permissible to proceed to the finishing of the floors with plaster. If you use wax, then it should be placed on the base in a thin layer (a trowel is suitable for this).
If you apply varnish to the walls, it is best to use a brush.

After all the operations performed, you need to wait for the complete drying of all coatings and proceed to painting the walls.

If you don't know how to separate areas for different cladding, you should purchase masking tape or window sealant. With the help of these parts, you can make a convenient separation of the surfaces of the base.
To form a beautiful relief, you do not need to buy expensive tools.

You can give the finish this texture, using only a grater and spatula. Any other available means may also be used.

If you have prepared the walls for coating different type, then it is recommended to remove the adhesive tape in the areas of separation of zones before the final drying of the plaster mixture. Later it will be difficult to do this, in addition, small defects may appear.

Regardless of the application method, experts recommend first painting textured surface fragments, and then moving on to smooth ones.
If you use decorative bark beetle plaster for wall decoration, then there is nothing complicated. However, to decorate the ceiling with this material, it is better to have at least a little experience. If you do not have one and are not confident in your abilities, it is better to entrust such work to professionals.
Silk plaster is not so easy to apply. The process of its transfer to the base can be divided into 3 main stages:
1. applying a base of glue;
2. application of flocks;
3. applying varnish.

Try not to lay the plaster too thick, unless it is indicated by its characteristics. Otherwise, the finish will quickly become covered with cracks, regardless of whether it is expensive or budget.

To obtain the desired color, it is recommended to purchase both the mixture and the tinting material from the same manufacturer.
If you want to give the cracks in the plaster a different color, you should add 2 different shades to the solution.
Lay decorative plaster only on a completely dry base. Otherwise, the finish may begin to bubble or even move away from the base.
To apply decorative plaster, it is not always necessary to install beacons. You can do without these details if you have leveled and puttied the floors in advance.

For finishing rooms in which a high level of humidity remains, it is recommended to use silicone plaster. This material is characterized by minimal water absorption, therefore it does not absorb dirt and moisture into its structure.
If there is lime in the composition of decorative plaster, it must be borne in mind that during its application with metal tools, dark stripes may remain on the walls.
You can degrease the base before applying the plaster using a solvent or a weak soda solution.
Please note that the bark beetle plaster mixture cannot be applied to glass, plastic, wood and metal substrates.

If you apply a textured mortar, you need to ensure that the thickness of its layer does not exceed 1 cm.

So, if you are laying material with large grains, it can only be applied in 2 layers.

Having calculated the required volume of decorative plaster, you should add 10% of the stock to it. It will be needed in case the mixture dries out or falls out of the container during the finishing work.
When buying decorative plaster, be sure to pay attention to the date of its manufacture. The closer the expiration date, the more difficult it will be to work with the solution.
Use only high-quality mixtures from well-known brands for plastering various bases. Do not look for too cheap decorative plasters - they may turn out to be of poor quality and will not last long.

Beautiful examples in the interior

Decorative plaster is good because it looks harmonious in almost any room. It can be a living room, a hall, and even a kitchen with a high level of humidity.

For example, materials in lighter and more neutral tones will look great on the walls in the bedroom. At the same time, you can place a beautiful image or pattern above the head of the bed. Arrange in such a room a light bed and the same light wall shelves. Dilute the whiteness of the interior with dark wood floors and linens with contrasting prints.

Relief plaster of a milky shade will be a great addition to the corridor. On the walls with this finish, you should hang small metal lamps. In an ensemble with light decorative plaster, wooden brown floors and a coffee-colored ceiling will look organic.

Colored decorative plasters look very interesting and bright in the interiors. For example, a slightly careless and rough yellow finish will look especially juicy and attractive if you place a wooden table with oriental patterns and a lamp with a contrasting black leg against its background, as well as hang a black clock or a decorative plate. Due to the bright contrast and oriental notes, you can give the atmosphere an unusual, mysterious image.

Light gray plaster, imitating the structure of the stone, can be applied in the living room on the wall behind the soft corner. Before such a finish, a white leather sofa and a dark coffee table will look great.

In such an environment, you can lay a dark chocolate shade laminate and cover it with a fluffy white carpet.

Among all finishing materials decorative trim occupies one of the leading places, since application is a fairly simple task, after which you can get a spectacular wall surface.

According to its structure, this material is a paste-like mass, which has various methods of application to walls or ceilings. She found her application as a basis or as self-finishing. But, in order to understand the principles of application, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the advantages and methods of laying, to consider the main methods of applying decorative plaster.
Structural plaster: features

This species has a heterogeneous granular composition, which includes additives in the form of granules or fine-grained pebbles, as well as pieces of quartz. This finish is produced on a lime-cement basis from a special synthetic latex. It is also diluted with aqueous or organic solvents.

For plastering inside the building with the most suitable option are mixtures prepared on a water basis. They do not have foreign impurities with a smell, which means that when finishing the apartment, it will not be necessary to take out all the residents from it.

The main advantage of structural plaster is plasticity, which makes it very easy to work with. The work is simplified due to the fact that the solutions are already sold ready-made and no special preparation is required before use. It goes on sale in iron containers or buckets weighing 15-25 kg.
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Laying structural decorative plaster

Before proceeding with the application of the mixture, preparatory measures are carried out. It is fundamentally not important to achieve evenness, since the composition allows you to hide small defects. A clean and dry surface is essential. After cleaning, the working area is reinforced with a primer. It is necessary to create an intermediate layer that performs a protective function and prevents moisture from entering, thereby protecting walls and the laid mixture from moisture. The plaster can be applied after the complete drying of the primer layer.

The solution must be applied with a trowel or a wide spatula. It is laid in one layer, while making circular or straight movements. Combs protruding from under the spatula form a pattern. The texture of the pattern depends on the laying methods and additives in the mix. Structural decorative plaster sets and gains strength after 3 hours, but complete curing occurs in almost a week. After that, the coating must be sanded, and the dust removed with a damp cloth or sponge. A similar mixture and method of application is used for plasters from mineral, latex or silicate mortars.

Such decorative plaster is considered durable, it is not subject to mechanical damage and moisture, has an aesthetic appearance and is made from safe components. In this regard, it is in great demand for decoration both inside and outside.

The texture of the pattern will depend on the size of the grains. To give the walls a sandy effect, grains with a fraction of about 0.3 mm are used, and for the creation of raw stone, a grain of 1.5 mm is used. The most popular "bark beetle" is achieved with a grain of 2.0 mm. When using a fraction of 3 mm, the walls take on the appearance of the bark of a centuries-old tree.

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Structural plaster tinting

The original color of such plaster is white. There are several ways to give the coating a variety of shades:

Add pigment to the finished composition, but with this method there is a chance of not achieving the desired color.

When purchasing plaster, you can contact the master, who will make a professional tinting.

This type of decorative plaster allows coating with color after the composition has completely dried.

To give the surface different shades, color is applied and rubbed with a rubber sponge, and if there is a desire to create scuffs, then they are passed with a damp foam rubber sponge. After the color has dried, the walls are treated with wax.

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Textured decorative plaster

Types of decorative plaster: smooth, textured, embossed.

Using a textured finish, you can make a surface with an extraordinary embossed texture. If we compare structural and textured plasters, then the difference between them is arbitrary, but there is one factor that adds complexity to the drawing, the components of the composition and the tools used. Fulfilling textured plaster, you can give it a look that imitates wood, crumpled paper, hewn or chopped stone, natural wood. This coating gives the surface originality and style.

The advantage of such plaster is that for any interior and design solutions you can choose the installation methods. This helps to give it a finished and harmonious look. The composition of the textured mixture includes lime flour. And the special qualities depend on additives consisting of granite or marble chips, as well as various fibers. The basis can be polymer compositions that give the surface a more embossed texture and do not crack when dried.

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Technological process of application

Unlike other plasters, textured finish does not require special preparation of the base, since its relief well hides defects on the walls where the material is laid. In this regard, the following preparatory work is being carried out:

Clean the wall surface from paint and varnish coatings or other remnants of the finishing material. If the surface requires it, it must be treated with a solvent to destroy oil stains, after which the treated areas should be washed with soapy water.

Next, the wall structure is covered with a primer.

If necessary, the cracks are expanded and filled with gypsum or cement mortar.

Lay the base layer, which is used as an acrylic primer. But it is not applicable for all types of plasters. For certain types of textured composition, other options are sometimes used, for example, a deep penetration primer putty.

Before laying the textured composition, a test is made on a small piece of the wall to select the appropriate consistency of the composition. If the composition is prepared according to technology, then it should not be liquid and drain from the surface, but density is also not welcome.

To apply the mortar and create texture, come in handy (any application methods require tools):

a set of spatulas;

metal trowel;

coarse sponge;

unnecessary container for the solution;

bucket with water.

When performing a textured finish, the help of a partner is needed: one applies the solution, the other needs to quickly form a decorative texture.

The mixture should be applied with a spatula in an even layer, the thickness of which should be about 2-3 mm, and for a coarse-grained composition, it should be equal to the cross section of the grain.

Decorative plaster is a finishing material that is used indoors, including high humidity, as well as for facades. With this tool, original textures are created on the surface, some of which look like works of art. Even a beginner can do this finish. The main thing is to know how to apply decorative plaster.
The following requirements are imposed on the decorative material:
vapor permeability - this provides the base with protection against condensate, therefore, under the material there will not be an environment favorable for the occurrence of mold and fungus;
moisture resistance - this parameter is recommended to be taken into account if decorative tool used for plastering the facade or indoor surfaces with high humidity (pools, bathrooms);
ease of application - this is important for DIY enthusiasts;
color of the product - in this case, they are guided by their own preferences, however, it should be borne in mind that some materials give a different tone after hardening;
price - professionals advise choosing a product of medium price category, since not everyone can afford an overly expensive product, and the product does not always justify such a cost, and too cheap plaster is of poor quality.

Types of decorative means
It is important to know how to apply decorative plaster, the video will be given below, and which product to choose. The material has several classification options. According to the type of coating formed, the following funds are distinguished:
Embossed. Create various irregularities and bulges on the building base. The main advantage of these products is that they do not need to carefully prepare the surface. It is enough to level the base and repair large defects. Small differences and minor flaws plaster will correct itself.
Textured. Such products contain particles of mica, small pebbles and other fillers that form an original texture on the surface. Under such plaster, they also do not perform thorough surface preparation. It is enough to make the base even and without large defects. The material is applied with conventional construction tools. The use of special devices is not required.
Structural. They are homogeneous. The product is applied to the surface, leveled, after which a relief is created using special tools, as in the photo below. To do this, use rollers or various techniques structure execution.
Smooth. These decorative materials include Venetian plaster. With the help of the product on the building base, an imitation of marble, wood, leather and other textures is created. The main advantage of the product is an attractive appearance, the disadvantages are the high cost and complexity of application. Fans without experience in applying decorative plaster are not recommended to use the "Venetian".

Before talking about how to properly apply decorative plaster, you must first choose the right material. According to the scope, the following types of funds are distinguished:
for facades. In this case, it is recommended to use textured materials. The packaging should be marked "for exterior decoration." Only such means will withstand temperature extremes and the negative impact of the environment. Among the facade decorative plasters, “bark beetle” and “fur coat” are distinguished.
For interior decoration. Here any will do material, but it is important to consider exactly where the tool will be used. For the bathroom and kitchen, only a moisture-resistant composition is suitable. For dry rooms use any plaster.

According to the composition, acrylic, silicone, silicate and mineral products are distinguished. The choice of material depends on the type of building base, the location of the finishing and the budget. Acrylic compositions are considered universal. Such plasters are suitable for any type of surface, for interior and exterior decoration.
Required Tools
Beginners studying the question of how to properly apply decorative plaster, and a video on this topic, are also advised to familiarize themselves with what tools will be required during the finishing. To apply the material you need:
a clean plastic bucket for mixing the solution;
industrial mixer or drill with mixer nozzle;
trowel;
trowel;
scraper;
a set of spatulas;
roller and brushes.

Solution preparation
If decorative plaster is used (how to apply - see the video below), it is important to properly prepare the product. If a dry mixture is used, then water is added to the product and kneaded with a construction mixer or a drill with a mixer nozzle to obtain a homogeneous solution of the consistency of thick sour cream. The proportions of products are indicated on the packaging. After that, the agent is left for a few minutes, no more than 10. Then the solution is stirred again and used for its intended purpose.
Preparation of the building base
Is it possible to apply decorative plaster on starting plaster - a common question among amateurs. Professionals say that such a finish is not only acceptable, but also necessary if there are large drops and deep cracks on the building base. Decorative plaster will not get rid of significant defects. For this reason, the surface is plastered before applying the finishing agent.
Previously, the building base is freed from the old coating, cleaned of dust, dirt, mold, fungus, grease and oil stains. Then unreliable fragments of the building base are removed and a primer is applied. Only after that, plastering is performed. When the last layer dries, the surface is primed twice and proceed to decoration.
Methods for applying the composition
How to apply decorative plaster depends on what type of decorative coating will be used.
Spray
The easiest way to decorate a surface, which even a beginner without plastering experience can do. To do this, a smooth decorative plaster is applied to the surface in one layer. Next, another agent is sprayed over the material with a broom and a stick. The broom is immersed in the solution, brought to the surface and hit with a stick. Splashes of material create an original pattern. To make the finish look spectacular, it is recommended to make the base and splashes of different shades.
Creating a texture with a trowel
How decorative plaster is applied with a trowel is shown in the video below. First, a covering layer of material is made. After that, a little money is applied to the trowel and the building base is processed with a tool in a circular motion. This creates an unusual pattern on the surface.
Hatching-bouffant
To create a pattern, use smooth or structural plaster and a metal brush. The material is placed on the surface and treated with a metal brush in a chaotic manner. After that, work is suspended for a day. Then the surface is treated with a spatula to get rid of unstable plaster fragments.
Surface decoration with a decorative roller
Decorative rollers are used to create a surface with an original pattern. The tool is carried out on wet plaster, waiting for the product to solidify and staining is performed. To create an original drawing, an ordinary roller is also used, after tying the tool with a rope or wrapping it with polyethylene. Such a device is also carried out on a set, but not hardened plaster. This is one of the most simple ways building base decoration
"Sgraffito"
If decorative plaster was used for finishing, how to apply the material using the “sgraffito” technique - this question arises for some users. For this method of application, it is required to divide the white solution into three parts, each to be painted in a separate color. Next, the compositions are sequentially applied to the surface. After that, a stencil pattern is cut out in the upper corner. According to this form, plaster layers are removed - an original drawing is obtained.
Working with textured plasters
How is decorative plaster applied, the video is given below, to create a texture on the surface? It all depends on the type of coverage.
"Fur coat"
To create a “fur coat”, an appropriate textured material is thrown onto the surface and distributed over the building base with a spatula. It is recommended to make a thin layer so that the texture looks more profitable. After that, they pass through the raw material with artificial fur. Thanks to this, the tool will acquire the desired texture. After the material has hardened, the surface is coated with acrylic varnish or wax. This will improve the appearance of the finish and extend the operational period.
"Bark beetle"
For this coating, a special bark beetle plaster is used. The material is thrown onto the surface and leveled with a trowel on the building base from top to bottom. The composition of the product includes small pebbles that stretch behind the tool, leaving a mark on the coating. This is how an imitation of wood is created, eaten away by a bark beetle. This texture is not covered with wax or varnish.
Venetian plaster
Instructions for applying Venetian plaster:
Prepare a solution, divide the product into three parts and mix each with different colors of color - two light and one dark.
On a wide spatula, place three parts of the mortar with a narrow spatula.
Apply the material to the surface.
After setting the product, level the base with a trowel in a circular motion.
When the material hardens, apply a coat of primer and varnish or wax.

The video demonstrates the technology of applying decorative plaster.

Knowing how decorative plaster is applied, it is shown in the video, you can independently create decor on the walls of the facade or inside the building. Choose the option you like, however, correctly assess your strengths, since some coatings require at least minimal experience in finishing.