Hyacinth is a Mediterranean bulb flower, safely grown both in a pot and in open field. Most amateur florists try to plant these flowers in their window to admire them. all year round including even cold weather.
Such a desire is quite feasible, but for the successful cultivation of Hyacinth, you should create appropriate conditions for him, which maximally resemble the conditions in the garden, and provide him with good and proper care.
Hyacinth, translated from Latin, means a rainy flower. It got its name from the fact that it loves excessive moisture. There is another suggestion of its name: it is believed that it is named so because it blooms when the rainy season occurs in nature.
This bulbous plant is commonly grown in gardens. However, at home, this can also be done, only flower care will have some differences.
In fact, in order to care for this plant, there are no difficulties. There is certain rules which should be strictly implemented.
Rule 1:
It is necessary to choose the right bulb from which you plan to grow your flower. It should be about 5 inches in diameter. Check that it does not have rot, insects, so that it is not affected by various diseases. It must have a dense structure.
Rule 2:
To successfully grow a plant, you need to create the necessary atmosphere for your flower.
Distillation of Hyacinth - the basic rules of the process
Forcing is a set of certain measures, which are carried out to further accelerate the growth of the plant. If you apply such a process, then the flowering of beautiful flowers can be timed to coincide with a specific date or celebration.
1. First you need to put drainage in the pot, and only after that the soil is added.
2 . bulbs v pot are placed So so that they rise about three centimeters above the ground.
3 . Per walls pot bulbs offend not must .
4 . Between bulbs must be distance not less 3 cm .
5 . To in time distillation onions not could rot, the earth is first watered with a small amount of water, after which it is covered with a small amount of sand.
In this form, the bulbs should be 2.5 months in such conditions, which bear little resemblance to home. Well, if it is a cool and dark cellar.
At the end of the term, the sprouts usually grow by 3-5 cm. Now they need to be moved to heat, but still left in the dark. To do this, they can simply be covered with non-transparent caps, which are removed only when the bulb sprouts reach a size of about 10 cm.
Growing Hyacinths at home
After the forcing process is over, pots with sprouts are transferred to a bright place. Make sure that the air temperature in the room is not more than 15 gr.
The plant, when the first buds appear, you can put in the house where you like best. But the main condition - do not put it in a draft and under direct sunlight. The stage called - Planting Hyacinths at this place can be considered completed.
If you did everything right, now you can safely move on to the topic of caring for these flowers.
Hyacinth flower care in a pot at home
When planting Hyacinths, this is a very important point. If you are going to create complete freedom and space for the bulb, then you should not count on the fruitful growth of the flower in the future, as well as the planned flowering. You can hardly wait for it. And all due to the fact that the roots of the plant should become very crowded in the pot.
Choose pots of this size in which you can place one bulb or several. Flower shops usually sell pots with 5 bulbs planted.
If you plan to plant one plant in a pot, then choose a shallow but wide pot so that about 5 cm in diameter remains around the bulb. And if you plant several flowers, then the distance between them should be at least 2 cm.
Don't forget to potty first pour a thick layer of drainage, otherwise the roots will begin to rot very quickly.
soil for flower any will do , which is intended for bulbous plants, only it must first be mixed with a small amount of sand. It can also be a mixture of garden soil, humus, peat and sand. All proportions added to the pot must be in equal parts.
After your bulbs are planted, now they need to create peace for two months. Containers with flowers are placed in a cool and dark place, such as a refrigerator or cellar. The air temperature should be around 5-7 degrees Celsius.
In order to maintain moisture in the soil, the soil should be watered occasionally. During this time, your bulbs will take root well and will later release flower stalks. When a few, usually a couple of leaves appear on the plant, the flower should be moved to a warm (+15 gr.) And bright place.
Read also:How to extend the life of cut flowers
Advice: A flower pot is placed in a permanent place only when inflorescences form in it.
Hyacinth in a pot home care during flowering
flower lighting:
Hyacinth prefers a lot of light, which he needs for 15 hours. If your flower is in a place where there is not enough light for it, then you need to install artificial sources. From direct sunlight on hot days, the plant must be shaded.
Diffused light is preferred. Try to rotate the flower from time to time in order for the plant to grow evenly.
Watering and feeding a flower:
Hyacinth prefers fairly plentiful watering, but it is not necessary to allow waterlogging of the soil. That is why good drainage is very important for Hyacinth, in which the plant will not dry out, and its roots will not rot from standing water.
When watering, try not to get water on the flower buds. And also on the axils of the leaves and the bulbs of the plant themselves. It is for this reason that it is better to abandon the use of watering cans. Hyacinths need to be watered very carefully around the edge of the pot.
most the best water for watering the plant is rain or melt water that has stood in the room for some time and warmed up to room temperature.
The soil in the pot should always be moist. And especially important for this is the flowering period, wintering and active growth of the flower.
Immediately after watering, the water from the pan must be drained., to prevent the appearance of rot and fungus.
Approximately a couple of times a month, the plant will need top dressing. any fertilizer for indoor bulbous plants. Before applying fertilizer, it is necessary to water the soil in the pot.
Temperature:
The optimum air temperature for Hyacinth is 20 - 23 gr. Do not place the flower near heating appliances and in drafts.
If you want to extend the flowering of Hyacinths for a certain time, then it is advisable to take them out to a cool place at night. After the flowers have faded, it is necessary to cut off the peduncle. Continue to support the plant: water and feed.
Hyacinth care in a pot after flowering in winter
The bulb is taken out of the ground only when the leaves of the flower are completely wilted. It is thoroughly cleaned from the earth and dried. If you notice developing babies on it, separate them from the bulb.
Advice: If the babies, due to immaturity, cannot separate from the mother bulb, it is better not to touch them and leave them until next year.
Flowering plant at home re it will no longer be possible to grow from this bulb, so keep it cool and dry for garden plot before the fall landing. You can, of course, continue to grow a flower as a houseplant, but in the fall it will still have to be planted in the ground.
The harm and benefits of Hyacinth
Most florists fear the poisonous properties of the flower when ingested.
Advice: If you have small children or animals at home, prudently make sure that this flower is in a place inaccessible to them. If this is not possible, then it is better to refuse to breed the house of Hyacinth.
At the same time, this plant can be beneficial. Its aroma has aphrodisiac properties. It can relieve the occurrence of stress, is able to normalize the work of hormones, and also has a positive effect on the central nervous system.
The plant is widely used in cosmetology and perfumery.
Important!Before use, you should consult with a specialist, since the plant oil is a potent substance.
Pests and flower diseases
* If the plant is not properly cared for, its disease may occur.
* Due to incorrect temperature regime and drafts in Hyacinth leaves may turn yellow.
* Leaves will quickly begin to wither due to poor lighting.
* If moisture gets on the flower itself or if it is watered incorrectly, the buds begin to fall off the flower.
* If the soil is waterlogged, the flower, as a rule, begins the process of decay.
* If mucus appeared on your flower around the bulbs, and there are black dots on the leaves - unfortunately, there is nothing to help such a flower. You just need to get rid of it.
Advice: To prevent flower disease, soak the bulb before planting in a solution containing phosphorus and never flood the plant.
* With the help of drugs purchased in flower shops, you can permanently get rid of pests that are dangerous for a flower.
Hyacinth is a bulbous plant that blooms in the first half of spring. The hyacinth has predominantly one flowering stem, surrounded by oblong leaves of bright green color.
Hyacinth - perennial flower, although in Western countries bulbs of faded plants are discarded. But with proper care, hyacinth is able to bloom for several years in a row.
From this article you will learn the basic information for caring for hyacinth at home.
Types of hyacinth
There are several varieties of hyacinth. For instance, Amethyst, La Victoire, Rosalia, Ostara, Oriental, Hyacinth Litvinova, Transcaspian.
The most common are varieties of Eastern Hyacinth. Plants of this species are distinguished by a thin flowering stem and a rare arrangement of flowers. Unlike the Transcaspian Hyacinth, which is always light blue, Eastern Hyacinth varieties come in different colors.
For instance, white pearl It is white in color and has a strong sweet smell. Its flowers are dense in the form of bells, united in a cylindrical brush.
Hyacinth White Pearl
plant varieties yellow queen yellow color. They have large flowers up to 4 cm in diameter.
Hyacinth Yellow Queen
Flowers tea rose Pink colour. They form a lush 15-cm inflorescence. Tea Rose blooms in the 2nd half of April - early May for 2 weeks.
Hyacinth tea rose
Hyacinth care after purchase
The first thing to do after acquiring a hyacinth is transplanting into a new pot. Store capacity in most cases is not suitable for growing plants. Therefore, choose a pot according to the size. It should not be too big and not too small.
IMPORTANT!
Do not forget about the pallet and drainage. Water should not linger in a container with a flower, otherwise it will rot.
At the first transplant, it is not necessary to clean the hyacinth bulb from the ground. Just transfer the earth ball to a new pot and add the right amount of soil.
Planting a hyacinth in a new pot
After transplanting, the soil under the hyacinth should be watered with a solution of phytosporin. This is necessary for disinfection.
When the plant takes root in a new place, you can increase the frequency of watering and top dressing and carry them out until the end of flowering.
After that, watering should be gradually reduced so that the hyacinth leaves dry out. When all the leaves fall off, the bulb needs to be dug up and prepared for the new season.
Growing conditions
Hyacinth is a rather capricious plant to the conditions of detention. Therefore, in order to achieve flowering from it, a number of rules must be observed. However, there is nothing too complicated about them.
Temperature
Hyacinth loves moderate temperatures in the region of 20-22 degrees. In order for your flower to live longer, try not to expose it to sudden changes in temperature, do not overcool or overheat it.
Drafts, heaters, direct sunlight - all this can destroy the plant. In the second half of spring and summer, hyacinth can be taken out onto the street or balcony. Still, initially this is a street plant, and fresh air will only benefit him.
Air humidity
Hyacinth loves a dry room that is well ventilated. But remember that you should not allow the plant to stay in a draft. It is not necessary to spray hyacinth, and during flowering it is completely contraindicated.
Lighting
The most important component of hyacinth care is lighting. After planting the bulb, the pot should be placed in a dark room for 1.5 - 2 months. This is necessary for the normal development of the plant root.
Hyacinth loves the light
After the appearance of the first shoots, the lighting should be gradually increased. After about 2.5 - 3 months, the hyacinth will grow to 2.5 cm. Now it can be rearranged in partial shade.
The plant is rearranged into the light only when the buds appear.
IMPORTANT!
Avoid direct sunlight on the hyacinth. Only adult plants can be taken out to the sun and only for a few hours in the morning and evening.
Choosing a place to put
The flower is advised to be placed on a south or southeast window closer to natural light and away from heating appliances.
Also, a plant pot can be placed in the center of the room if your windows face north.
How does it look in the interior?
Hyacinth creates a romantic atmosphere not only thanks to its appearance but also with a pleasant sweet aroma.
In the interior, hyacinths are accents and decorative elements such as figurines, paintings and photographs. The flower is usually not placed next to other plants, as if opposing them with hyacinth. But, if you have several pots of hyacinths at once, then you can combine them into one composition.
Hyacinth as part of the interior
Currently, a trend is gaining popularity in which hyacinth bulbs are placed in transparent vases. This is done to perceive the plant as a whole, as a single living organism.
Features of care at different times
Caring for hyacinths at home is a lot like caring for flowers outdoors. For a hyacinth in a pot, the conditions of "winter", "spring", etc. are also created.
autumn
Autumn is the time for planting hyacinths. The pot with the bulb is placed in a dark room and waiting for the first shoots.
in winter
The first shoots of hyacinth appear in winter. For the plant, gradually increase the amount of light. Early varieties at the end of winter, they are transferred to the windowsill so that they bloom by March 8.
Hyacinth in winter
spring
Spring is the season for hyacinths to bloom. During this period of time, active watering and top dressing are carried out. Blooms in late spring late varieties and hybrids. The process of preparing the hyacinth bulb for rest begins.
Summer
In summer, indoor hyacinth rests. The onion is stored in the refrigerator until autumn. Interestingly, without cold, the plant will not bloom well.
Flowering conditions
At home, hyacinth blooms in a warm, dry, well-ventilated area. An important component of flowering is sunlight. It must be in abundance. Ideally, at least 15 hours. The soil in the pot should be well moistened.
How many hyacinths bloom in a pot?
Hyacinth blooms in spring from March to May for 1 to 2 weeks. Although some craftsmen are able to prolong flowering for a whole month. You can guess the flowering time yourself by forcing the plant.
Flowering hyacinth in a pot
Blue hyacinths are the first to bloom. Then - pink, white, red, lilac, yellow and, finally, orange.
Care during flowering
The flowering period of the hyacinth is short, but at this time you need to take special care of the conditions for its maintenance.
- The soil should be moist and loose.
- The temperature in the room is 20-22 degrees.
- The air is dry.
- The room should be ventilated, but there should be no drafts.
- Sufficient amount of lighting.
- The plant must be fertilized.
Proper care will prolong your pet's flowering and make its flowers brighter and more saturated.
Care after flowering
After flowering, the hyacinth also needs to be taken care of. Care during this period includes pruning the plant, reducing watering and preparing the bulb for the new season.
The algorithm of actions is as follows:
- The plant is pruned. Don't cut too short. Leave shoots 15 cm long.
- The frequency of watering is reduced. It is necessary to pour water only when the earth is completely dry.
- Watering stops when the leaves turn yellow. Now you need to wait until they dry and fall off.
- The bulb is dug out of the ground.
What to do with the bulb after flowering?
hyacinth bulbs
When the flowering of the hyacinth ends, the bulb must be prepared for storage until the next season.
NOTE!
This is very important, otherwise the plant may never bloom again.
First root system cleared of earth and husks. Then the bulb is treated with a solution of manganese. Thus, disinfection is carried out. Next, the root is dried. To do this, the bulb is taken out into the street or placed in a ventilated room. The optimum temperature for drying the root system is 20 ° C. And be sure to make sure that the bulb does not roast in the sun.
Hyacinth roots prepared in this way are stored in boxes or paper bags for storage. If there are several bulbs, then they need to be sprinkled with sawdust.
How to choose bulbs when buying?
- The bulb must be at least 5 cm in diameter. For the garden, you can take a smaller size.
- The bulb should not have rot, cuts or other damage.
- The bulb should be smooth to the touch.
- Inspect the seed for visible signs of disease and pest infestation.
- The bulb should be firm to the touch.
- The diameter of the bulb should be 1.5 times the diameter of its bottom. If the ratio is less, then the seed is unsuitable for cultivation.
What is forcing and how to do it?
Forcing is the forced acceleration of the growth process of plants. Usually distillation is done so that hyacinths bloom at a certain time.
There are two options for distillation: in the ground and in the water.
Distillation happens:
- Early. Planting is done in mid-October, and flowering begins in the 20th of December.
- Medium. Planting is done in November, and flowering begins on the 20th of January.
- Late. Planting is done immediately after the New Year, and flowering begins in the first decade of March.
Forcing in the soil is, in fact, a conventional cultivation houseplant. Only the timing of flowering is selected.
distillation of hyacinth in water
Distillation in water is carried out according to the following algorithm:
- Boiled water at room temperature is poured into a clean container.
- The bulb is placed in a container so that the bottom barely touches the water.
- Bulbs are transferred to a cool dark place.
- After the roots appear, the containers are covered with paper and rearranged in the light.
- When green sprouts grow 2-3 cm, the paper must be removed.
- After that, the hyacinth will begin to bloom in about 90 days.
Features of care during the rest period
An important feature of hyacinth cultivation is dormancy care. Of the whole plant, only the bulb remains, which needs to be rested. To do this, it is cleaned, disinfected and placed in a cold place. Most often it is a refrigerator.
It is very important to keep the planting material in the cold and dark. This gives rest to the roots. They are gaining strength for a new flowering. If you store hyacinth in a warm and bright room, then the flower will grow ugly and crooked. In the worst case, it will not bloom at all.
Transfer
Hyacinth transplant
Before transplanting, the hyacinth should be given time to get used to the new home. Observe the temperature regime, water regularly and do not feed the plant.
An important point is the desired level of lighting (about 15 hours a day).
After 10 days, the flower can be transplanted.
The pot should be such that the bulb does not touch its walls. Before planting, the root is inspected and disinfected. If there is any damage, then they need to be sprinkled with crushed activated or charcoal.
Having planted a hyacinth in a new pot, it is rearranged in coolness. It is necessary to water only through the pan and only after the soil has completely dried. The first top dressing should be started no earlier than after 3 weeks.
After the plant adapts, it can be moved to a permanent place.
Landing
Before planting, be sure to prepare the pot. The container is sized appropriately. Drainage is laid at the bottom: expanded clay of fine fraction. Then soil mixed with sand is poured on top. The bulb is screwed into the ground like a light bulb. Depth - about 2/3 of the size of the planting material. The top of the bulb must be above the ground.
Some experienced florists plant several plants in one pot at once. But, if you are just starting to deal with flowers, it is better not to do this.
After planting, the flower is placed in a dark, cool room.
reproduction
Unlike other flowers, hyacinth reproduces very reluctantly. There are 2 more or less working ways to propagate a plant. But they do not give a 100% guarantee.
Note that once propagated, new plants will not flower for at least 1 year after transplanting.
The first method is aimed at dividing the flower bulb. To do this, before landing on the bottom, two cuts are made with a cross. As a result, the bulb will be divided into 4 parts. Each of them can then be used separately.
The second way is to grow "kids". The bulb is not planted vertically, but laid on its side. The resulting "children" after flowering are cut off and stored as separate bulbs. In the new season, they are seated separately in new pots.
Hyacinth propagation
Is pruning necessary?
Hyacinth pruning is carried out in without fail after the flowering of the plant.
First, the peduncle is cut off. No need to cut "under the root". Leave about 12-15 cm.
Now you need to wait for the leaves to dry. To speed up this process, watering the plant is usually reduced. Once all the leaves have dried, they are removed with scissors.
On this pruning of hyacinth ends until next year.
Watering
During the flowering period, the plant needs to be watered often and in large quantities. Hyacinth generally likes moist soil. But there are two important things.
Firstly, in no case should moisture be allowed to get on the leaves, buds, bulbs and stems.
Secondly, water stagnation should not be allowed.
So the best solution- water the walls of the pot or pour water into the pan.
Also, do not forget that drainage from coarse sand and expanded clay or small pebbles must be laid in the pot.
top dressing
Like most other houseplants, hyacinths need to be fed frequently during flowering and growth, and significantly reduced in dormant feedings.
The first feeding is carried out in the first days after the hyacinth moves from a dark room to the light. It is necessary to apply fertilizers that contain phosphorus.
The next planned top dressing is carried out when the peduncle begins to actively grow in the hyacinth. Nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers are applied to the soil in liquid form.
The third main top dressing is carried out after the end of flowering. Use potassium and superphosphate.
IMPORTANT!
So that the soil is completely saturated useful substances, after top dressing, be sure to loosen the soil.
Different varieties
Hyacinth has many varieties and hybrids that differ in the size and color of inflorescences, timing and duration of flowering. Here are the most popular ones:
- woodstock. This hyacinth has a dark purple color and a large fluffy peduncle.
Hyacinth Woodstock
- Orange Boven. A variety of pink-apricot color with dark tips of the petals.
- Royal Navy. The double flowers of this variety are bright purple.
Hyacinth Royal Navy
- Raphael has a peduncle, on which flowers with thin petals are located.
- Midnight Mystique has a unique almost completely black color.
Hyacinth Midnight Mystique
- Variety Carnegie the flowers are almost perfectly white.
- Rosalia has bright, but at the same time delicate pink flowers.
Diseases and pests
Hyacinth most often suffers from the following diseases and pests:
From all these diseases and pests, the hyacinth root system suffers the most. For example, with yellow bacterial rot the bulb begins to liquefy, an unpleasant odor appears, and the plant dies.
Aficides are used for treatment and prevention. For instance, "Accord", "Akarin", "Fitoverm".
How to revive?
Instructions for revitalizing a dying flower.
- We remove all dried leaves with scissors or a clerical knife. We leave about 2 cm of the plant.
- We place the pot with the remains of hyacinth in a plastic bag or a plastic box with ventilation holes.
- We place the hyacinth in the refrigerator for 2-3 months.
- After the expiration of the term, we take out the flower from the refrigerator, clean the bulb from the ground and remove the old rotten roots.
- Preparing a new pot. It should be larger than the old one, and drainage should be laid at the bottom. The drainage layer must be at least 2 cm.
- We screw the bulb into the ground, leaving 1/3 of the root on the surface.
- Optionally, sanding can be done.
- Plentifully water the soil around the planted bulb, preventing drops from falling on the root itself.
- We put the pot in a completely dark room. If this is not the case, then we put a black garbage bag on the pot and put it away from the window in the darkest corner. Do not forget to make holes in the bag for air access.
- Ideally, the temperature in the room should be no higher than 15 degrees.
- Periodically check the hyacinth. As soon as the sprouts reach at least 4 cm, we rearrange the plant in the sun.
Common mistakes
- Acquisition of "bad" bulbs. To grow a beautiful and healthy plant, you need high-quality seed.
- Applying too much mineral fertilizer. An excess of nutrients does not bring any benefit, but only harms your pet. Fertilizers must be applied to the right quantities and at certain times.
- After flowering, the bulb was not properly prepared for the new season. In order for the hyacinth to bloom annually, the bulb must be allowed to rest. For this, there is a certain algorithm of actions.
Hyacinth bulb preparation
- Wrong watering. Hyacinth should be watered so as not to get moisture on the plant. Otherwise, the flower will begin to rot and become an easy target for diseases and pests.
- Poorly chosen place for the plant. Before placing a flower in your room, make sure it is out of direct sunlight, drafty, or near radiators.
- Incorrect bulb storage. Planting material should be stored in a cool, dark place. Keeping warm during the dormant period will lead to a curvature of the peduncle.
Answers to popular questions
The hyacinth peduncle is very small. What's the matter?
Most likely, the preparation of the bulb was not carried out and unnecessary roots were not removed. In order for the peduncle to be large and beautiful, the bulb must be one.
The hyacinth has blossomed. What to do?
Unlike other plants, hyacinth after flowering cannot be left just like that until next spring. The bulb needs to be dug up and provided with a dormant period. How to do this is described in the corresponding chapter of our article.
How to propagate hyacinth?
There are 2 ways to propagate hyacinth.
- The bulb is planted sideways in the soil. So she forms "kids", which can then be planted as independent bulbs.
- A cross-shaped shallow incision is made at the bottom of the root. The onion is divided, and from one it turns out 4.
Please note that new seedlings will bloom only after a year.
Why does the hyacinth grow leaves, but he himself does not bloom?
The most likely reason for the lack of flowering is improper planting. Next year, transplant the flower into a new pot with proper drainage and suitable soil.
Useful video
Conclusion
Hyacinth care is quite complicated and requires strict adherence to all rules. You need to follow the flower even during its dormant period.
But, on the other hand, blooming hyacinth will become a real decoration of your home.
Hyacinth is a bulbous plant with bright and fragrant flowering, falling on early spring.
The flower is unique in that it can be successfully grown as in open ground conditions, and as like a house flower, which can be made to bloom by a certain time. Learning how to grow at home and how to care for a plant will help familiarity with the characteristics of the flower's vegetation.
Types of hyacinth
The genus Giacint combines only 3 species:
In decorative floriculture, only hyacinth orientalis, characterized by:
- dense fleshy bulb, the color of the upper layer of the scales of which correlates in the main tone with a touch of petals;
- rosette leaves linear or elongated oval shape with a pointed top;
- erect peduncle, rising to a height of up to 30 cm and carrying a racemose fragrant inflorescence formed by flowers with dense bell-shaped rims.
Popular varieties for indoor growing
On the basis of the Eastern hyacinth, selection methods have been obtained numerous hybrids, the description of which is different:
- whisk structure: simple and terry;
- petal color: white, yellow, orange, blue and purple, pink, red and black;
- flowering time: early, medium and late blooming.
Eastern hyacinth hybrids are unusually decorative, it is their numerous photos that are replete with the Internet. Most fit for growing in room conditions . More often than others at home there are varieties:
Home care
In order to understand whether it is possible how to grow hyacinth indoors, it is necessary to get acquainted with the features of flower development.
The life cycle of a hyacinth consists of 2 phases:
- a period of active growth in the spring and is accompanied by an increase in leaves and flowering;
- dormant period after flowering and lasting through autumn and winter. At that time the ground part of the plant dies, the flower exists at the level of the bulb.
In each of the periods, hyacinth needs in creating certain conditions and proper care.
Location and lighting
Hyacinth - photophilous plant. For a successful vegetation, he needs a light day lasting at least 15 hours, so it is better to place a flower at home on windows facing south or southeast.
On a sunny summer afternoon, the plant is darkened, in cloudy weather, and also in early spring, additionally highlight using Phyto or fluorescent lamps.
During rest, the plant does not need light.
Temperature
One of the main conditions for the optimal development and high-quality flowering of hyacinth is temperature control:
- during the active growing season, the flower needs moderate heat - 20, maximum 23 ° C;
- a good rest, accompanied by the laying of flower buds, is possible only in the cool - 15-17 heat.
Attention! Hyacinth is sensitive to sharp temperature fluctuations, does not tolerate proximity to heating appliances and the presence of drafts.
Watering and humidity
Hyacinth loves water very much, so the soil in his pot should be slightly damp.
Under indoor conditions, the plant is watered with water at room temperature, settled during the day, rain or slightly heated melt water.
The soil is moistened carefully, along the edge of the pot or from below, through the pan, trying not to get on the bulb, in the axils of the leaves and on the buds.
Important! With all the love for moisture, hyacinths grow only in an atmosphere of dry air and do not tolerate spraying.
For the development of hyacinth bulbs need nutrient substrate with a neutral medium, which is used as a purchased universal flower primer or a mixture composed independently.
There are several options for its composition:
- equal parts of humus or compost, peat, sand, leaf and sod land;
- garden soil, peat and sand, taken in equal quantities;
- 2 parts of sod land, combined with 1 share of sand and one peat.
Before planting, the soil is disinfected by one of the available methods:
- shed phytosporin solution or potassium permanganate of medium concentration;
- calcined for half an hour in the oven;
- steamed for 30 minutes.
Important. Pre-treatment of the soil will avoid damage to the bulb by soil pests and reduce the risk of fungal diseases.
Top dressings and fertilizers
Beautiful bloom of hyacinths impossible without regular fertilization, which are used as complex mineral additives for flowering or bulbous plants:
- fertilizing begins with the growth of leaves, introducing mineral additives into the soil containing increased amount of nitrogen;
- in the future, until the end of flowering, fertilizer paid 2 times a month, always after watering.
Advice! At the stage of budding and during flowering, one of the dressings is replaced by the introduction of a drug that stimulates flowering.
Bulb selection and forcing hyacinths
With artificial cultivation, hyacinth can be make it bloom on a certain date. This process is called forcing. For its implementation, it is necessary to purchase and prepare planting material, substrate and containers in advance.
For distillation use extra-class bulbs, which are different:
- large (from 5 cm in diameter) sizes;
- density;
- smooth, without dents and bulges, surface;
- uniform coloration of scales, excluding the presence of stains, inclusions and plaque.
The forcing bulb should have a small (1.5 times smaller than the diameter of the bulb) smooth and dry bottom, indicating her youth, and the germ of a cone-shaped sprout.
- an onion used only for forcing, can be planted in any substrate capable of holding roots. For a single flowering, her supply of nutrients is enough;
- in all cases involving the use of the bulb after forcing, planting is carried out in a nutrient mixture.
Distillation at home: step by step instructions
The process of home distillation of hyacinths is carried out according to the following scheme:
This video shows how to make hyacinth forcing at home.
How to get flowers at the right time
Many are interested in the question of how to get hyacinths to bloom for a certain time. To do this, you need to do some calculations and determine start date:
- from the expected date of flowering counting back 2-3 weeks to keep the bulbs cool;
- 40-45 days are added to the date obtained for germination in the dark;
- add 10 days for keeping in a warmer and darker place;
- a month for the formation of a flower arrow with a bud.
The result is 3-3.5 months. It means that if desired, get hyacinth flowering by March 8, forcing should begin no later than mid-November, and if you plan to present a blooming hyacinth as a gift for Valentine's Day - at the end of October, beginning of November.
Hyacinth care after flowering
Faded hyacinths are often thrown away, considering that this is a plant of one flowering. However, it is not, after flowering, the life of the hyacinth does not end, even if he got rid of the leaves and is only an onion.
Possible 2 flower care scenarios after flowering:
- classic care;
- rearing.
Classic care(the method is simple, but far from always effective, often the bulbs dry out and become unsuitable for planting), suggesting:
- pruning of the peduncle;
- stop feeding and moisten the soil until the leaves dry and cut them at a distance of 1 cm from the top of the bulb;
- removing the bulbs from the pot, freeing them from the ground (can be washed) and naturally leaving the upper dark scales;
- disinfection with a solution of fundozol (according to the instructions) or low concentration potassium permanganate and drying for a week at room temperature;
- storage in thick paper bags or boxes of sawdust for 2-3 months in a dark, dry and cool (13-15, maximum 17 degrees Celsius) place.
Reference! To avoid drying out, the bulbs in storage are checked once a month and sprayed with a weakly concentrated solution of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers.
An alternative method offered by indoor floriculture practitioners is to grow hyacinth. For this:
- after cutting the peduncle, the plant is transplanted by transshipment into a new, more spacious pot filled with fresh nutrient mixture;
- the container with the plant is placed in a light coolness (up to 20 ° C), regularly watered and fed.
In areas with a warm climate, hyacinth that has grown stronger after growing can be transplanted into open ground. If this is not possible, then it is better to place the flower in a light coolness: on a balcony or loggia, in a room, trying to create conditions that are as close to natural as possible. Over the summer, the bulb will gain strength and will repeat flowering next spring.
In areas with a warm climate, hyacinth strengthened after growing can be transplanted outdoors.
If this is not possible, then it is better to place the flower in a light coolness: on the balcony or loggia, in the room, trying to create conditions as close to natural as possible. Over the summer, the bulb will gain strength and will bloom next spring e.
How many times does a hyacinth bloom
In the natural environment hyacinth blooms every year. When grown indoors, it can be made to bloom more often - 2 times a year, but experienced flower growers do not recommend doing this.
A bulb weakened by double flowering may refuse to bloom for next year or die of exhaustion.
Possible Problems of Growing Hyacinths
When growing hyacinths possible difficulties, about which the plant will signal a change in appearance.
| Signs of trouble | Possible reasons |
| 1. Slow leaf growth, no flower arrow or her late exit |
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| 2. lethargy leaves |
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| 3. flashing leaves |
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| 4. Short or twisted peduncle |
|
How to grow a hyacinth from a bulb in a pot
Growing hyacinth bulbs in a pot at home has a lot to do with forcing. It begins with the acquisition of planting material or, more often, flowering plant.
reference. Growing an acquired flowering plant comes down to providing it with good lighting, observing the temperature regime, watering and fertilizing. Care after flowering is carried out according to one of the scenarios described above.
How to plant a hyacinth in a pot
Planting bulbs in cultivation in the usual way spending according to a scheme similar to distillation considering 2 points:
- landing time is calculated so that flowering occurs in early spring: March, April;
- bulbs are planted in more spacious than for distillation, plastic pots.
Landing pattern:
- placed at the bottom of the container small layer of drainage, which can be used as fine expanded clay, sphagnum or sand;
- nutrient soil is poured over the drainage, without filling up to the edges of the pot 1.5-2.5 cm;
- the bulb is placed on the surface of the soil and slightly (2/3) pressed into it.
How to water
After planting, the bulbs are watered. It's convenient to do from a watering can with a long spout, directing the jet along the edge of the pot and preventing moisture from entering its surface.
Moisturize the soil regularly, preventing the earthen ball from drying out and the accumulation of water in the pan.
How long does a hyacinth live in a pot
Many doubt whether the long-term or annual flower hyacinth. In its natural environment, this plant vegetates as a perennial and at good care pleases with its bloom about 10 years.
When grown at home, its life is much shorter:
- After forcing, many get rid of the bulb, because it is troublesome to store or grow a flower.
- At conventional cultivation in a pot, the plant lives for several years until its bulb is old.
Adults (3-4 years old) hyacinth bulbs form children, which are separated and used to continue the genus of the flower variety you like.
Many flower growers will agree that hyacinth is not so easy to grow and make bloom in room conditions. To do this, you need to study special literature, be patient, be attentive to the plant and meticulously follow all recommendations.
However, the result is worth it both from a decorative point of view and as proof that much is subject to the work of human hands.
How to grow hyacinth at home? Finding fault with words - no way. This flower, like most bulbs, has a pronounced dependence on the change of seasons. That is, it will not constantly grow on the windowsill in a pot.
But it is worth a try to do it forcing. Hyacinth will look especially impressive and original as a gift for any holiday. Moreover, he does not need extraordinary care. Now let's look at all the steps.
Bulb selection and preparation
For growing at home, choose a large bulb with a diameter of more than 4 cm. The smaller one will give foliage, but you will not wait for flowering. Planting material must meet the following conditions:
- To the touch firm, pleasantly elastic. Softness speaks of spoilage.
- No visible damage, cuts, dark weeping spots.
- No mold or odor.
- The scales are whole, dry. Characteristic color for the variety.
- The bottom is clean, smooth, dense, without damage and dents.
You can choose a bulb in your flower bed or buy it in a store, on the market. Some even manage to order online. Risky business. Who knows what will come in the mail?
After the hyacinth has been selected, you need to properly prepare it. To do this, the onion is soaked for 17-19 minutes in a strong hot solution of potassium permanganate. Approximately +40°С. Further, without washing, they are dipped into a solution of phytosporin. Cooking instructions can always be found on the packaging.
Dry. And put away for storage in a dark warm place of medium humidity. This treatment will kill fungal spores and pathogenic bacteria.
When to plant hyacinth
To guess the beginning of flowering by a certain date, you have to remember the math. We take the right number. We take 24 days. This is the time to build green mass and ripen buds. And we also take 10 weeks for the cold period of rooting.
For example, we need a blooming hyacinth by January 7th. We do the necessary calculations. It turns out that the bulb should be planted in the ground around October 3-5.
Choice of soil and pot
It does not matter what material the pot is made of. Take any that fits in size. And how to recognize it, this notorious size? Everything is simple. At least 1.5-1.8 cm should remain from the edge of the container to the bulb. Accordingly, between the bulbs too. It is advisable to leave a little more space so that the flowers are spacious. Otherwise, they will begin to stretch in the struggle for sunlight. What is fraught with loose ugly inflorescences.The soil. The soil should be nutritious, rich in rotted organic matter. It is recommended to make the mixture yourself. For this you will need:
- good humus, 1
- peat, 1
- coarse clean sand, 2
- turf, 1
- matured compost, 0.5
The numbers indicate the number of parts in the soil mixture. All this is well mixed. Then they are heated in the oven at a temperature of + 105-110 ° C. This will disinfect the soil. Cool down, done.
We plant hyacinth
In order to grow hyacinth at home, you need to plant it correctly. How many plants to plant in one pot? See what size it is. Maybe your planter is enough for 7 or 9 bulbs. But single plantings, or three hyacinths, look the most spectacular. different color in one container. To do this, there must be holes at the bottom of the vessel to drain excess liquid. They are sprinkled with a thick layer of drainage. For example, expanded clay or fine gravel. Then add a little clean sand on top.
After that, the soil is poured, the bulb is installed. And covered with earth up to the shoulders. Not with your head! The crown of the bulb should remain above the surface. At least 2.5-2.7 cm. Next, the hyacinth should be watered until the soil is completely moistened.
Now comes the most crucial period.
Bulb rooting
Under natural conditions, hyacinths fully develop a healthy root system in about 9-10 weeks. It takes place in autumn. In winter, the bulbs leave completely ready for flowering. We will also arrange autumn for them.
To do this, pots with hyacinths are placed in a cool room with high humidity. The temperature should be around +4-6°C. It can be a cellar, underground, unheated loggia. But complete darkness is strictly required! That is, the pots must be covered. Thick fabric, cardboard box, wooden box.
Advice. Before shelter, look at the gap, suddenly a ray penetrates somewhere?
Some recommend storing plantings in the refrigerator. It's dark, cold, but dry. Therefore, the container must certainly be covered with a film. It is advisable to leave a few small holes for ventilation and evaporation of condensate.
And further. During all 10 weeks of the cold period, be sure to periodically check the containers. If necessary, water with cool settled water. Or boiled. It is important not to allow the earthen coma to dry out. But you can't fill it either. A little moisture is perfect. Naturally, ventilation is also necessary.
Distillation stage
23-24 days before the expected flowering, the containers must be pulled out into the light. But not immediately under direct rays. The temperature is also raised gradually. Otherwise, the bulbs are threatened with thermal shock. Remember, in the spring, too, not everything comes at once. And we skip winter and just arrange artificial spring days for hyacinths.
Approximate course of action:
- 1 day. They pulled it out of a cool place, put it on the floor at the front or balcony door. Watered if necessary.
- Day 2 They fed with a complex mineral fertilizer with a high content of potassium and phosphorus. It is desirable to exclude nitrogen altogether, it is enough in good organic soil.
- Day 5 We moved the container with hyacinth to the back of the room. They put it on a chair, table, bedside table. That is, they added a little lighting and temperature.
- Day 10 Fed again. And you can put on a permanent place of deployment.
This must be done away from heaters and direct sunlight. There are only three options here:
- On the table next to the window, the radiators are covered with a thick towel or blanket.
- On the windowsill. The batteries are closed, the hyacinth is shaded from the sun with white paper or a curtain.
- In the back of the room on a stand. Additional illumination with phytolamps.
If all conditions are met, then in about 21-24 days the hyacinth will please with a thick peduncle with a brush of beautiful flowers.
Care during flowering
Hyacinth is not a Decembrist. It can be safely rearranged during flowering or transported to give. At home, the plant blooms for about 19-21 days. To enjoy the magical aroma of this harbinger of spring longer, you need to properly care for it.
Water only with boiled or melted water, at room temperature. Excess fluid from the pan must be drained. Lighting should be at least 12 hours a day. Once every 13 days, fertilizing with mineral water is recommended. organic fertilizer shortens the flowering period.
The soil is not loosened, but you can put pieces of moss or peat on top to avoid the appearance of an upper crust. Or sprinkle with coarse clean sand. This will be a kind of prevention of mold. Ventilate regularly, but without drafts.
Let's say that you grew a hyacinth at home not for a gift, but for your own joy. Everything turned out, the plant has safely faded the allotted time. What to do with the bulb now? Throw away? Come on! Of course, it is no longer suitable for a new distillation, it simply does not have enough strength. But for planting in a garden or in a flower bed, it’s quite good. In a year, she will rest, gain strength, and enter her usual growing cycle. And then for another 5 years it will give you its bouquet every spring.
At the same time, she also gives birth to children. They can be grown up and also driven out in the winter or seated outside. But, all this is possible only with proper care after flowering.
The first thing to do is to cut off the peduncle. It will draw juices from the bulb for a long time until it dries. What we need is for it to grow stronger and more vibrant. Also, for help, we do not change the mode. That is, the temperature and lighting remain the same.
Until the last leaf has dried up, we continue to water the hyacinth regularly as needed. Naturally, fertilization should not be forgotten either. All this will allow the bulb to gain enough nutrients and endure the recovery period without loss.
Growing hyacinth without land
Agrotechnics practically does not differ from soil planting. Only the bulb should barely touch the mirror of water, and not float in it. Everything else as described above: cold 10 weeks for rooting, then germination and flowering.
The only difference is the nutritional requirement of the hyacinth. Mineral fertilizers will have to be added to the water. Regularly, but without fanaticism. Otherwise, on one clean water, it will be difficult for the bulb to gain strength and show lush flowering.
Advice. If you have already decided on such an experiment, then use a transparent vessel. This will make it easier to control the level of liquid and the condition of the roots. In addition, this design looks very original.
- When watering, make sure that water does not fall on the plant at all. In any period. It is best to water from a watering can with a thin spout or a large syringe. And strictly along the edge of the pot. Naturally, any spraying is excluded.
- Do not use rainwater for irrigation. Where is the guarantee that this is an environmentally friendly liquid without half of the periodic table?
- During artificial spring, turn the pot about 40-43° around its axis every three days. This will cause the plant to release leaves evenly. And the peduncle will be full. If this is neglected, then the brush will turn out to be one-sided.
- Missed and the flower grew in one direction? Worse, began to bend over? No problem. Nobody canceled props from improvised materials. Bend a thick wire with the letter "p" and put it in a pot. Just do not tie up the peduncle, this can damage it even more, blocking the access of nutrients. Instead of wire, you can take a small knot of a suitable shape.
- Look carefully so that there are no unrotted parts of plants or manure left in the soil for planting. During rooting, they will give heat to the bulb. And we need a low temperature. Hyacinth will simply confuse autumn with spring. And it can release leaves ahead of time. With an underdeveloped root system, this is fraught with deformed peduncles or the absence of flowers at all.
How to grow hyacinth at home? Usually. Such an activity is within the power of even those who are not engaged in breeding indoor flowers. A little bit of cunning, a bit of attention, care and love - that's all you need to admire flowers in the middle of winter. And what a flavor! He just floats through the rooms! This result is worth the little work and your time spent.
Video: how to grow hyacinth at home
Indoor hyacinth is a miniature, delicate, yet incredibly spectacular plant. It is associated with the spring awakening of nature, the gentle rays of the sun.
A light pleasant aroma emanating from a flower brings freshness to the room. Not only avid flower growers, but also enterprising people prefer to grow hyacinth indoors: the first spring flowers on the eve of the World women's day snapping up with a bang! Caring for them is easier than it seems at first glance.
Hyacínthus (hyacinth) is a genus of bulbous plants native to the Mediterranean and Asia Minor. Interestingly, this genus belongs to three different families. According to one version, the flowers belong to the Asparagaceae family, according to another - to the Liliaceae family, according to the third - to the autonomous Hyacinthaceae family. There are three species of plants of the genus Hyacinth, and only one of them, Hyacinthus orientalis L., is ornamentally flowering. It was on him that the Dutch drew attention in the 16th century. It was they who cultivated flowers, breeding a huge number of varieties, many of which can be grown at home.
In the photo in the grower's reference books or on the Internet, the differences between the combs of the plant are visible to the naked eye. For instance:
- variety "Arentina Arendsen" - white buds on a peduncle up to 30 cm;
- varieties "Rosalia" and "Amethyst" - flowering in pale pink and lilac, respectively, occurs quite late for hyacinths, around mid-April;
- grade "La Victoire" - small, tightly seated flowers of rich red color.
Hyacinth characteristics are as follows:
- The hyacinth bulb is perennial, dense. Fleshy lower leaves envelop the entire bottom of the bulb.
- Before flowering begins, a flower-bearing stem with a pointed end is expelled from the bottom of the bulb of the plant. Its length is 15-30 cm, color is green.
- The leaves of the plant are lily, pointed, they sit at the very bottom of the stem-peduncle.
- In hyacinth, flowering begins early, in late February - early March. An ear of small or medium-sized flowers - bells (from 0.5 cm to 5 cm) is formed on the peduncle. They can be terry and non-double, red, cream, pink, lilac, white, blue, depending on the variety. The number of colors may also vary. Usually, there are 2-3 dozen of them, less often 50.
- Following flowering, fruit ripening occurs. They are boxes with dark seeds.
Hyacinth potted: growing and care at home
It is very difficult to resist buying a hyacinth! Moreover, you can admire its flowering for little money. But after 2-4 weeks of staying at home, the plant fades, its leaves turn yellow and fall off along with the peduncle. After this, the bulb is usually thrown away. But you can do it the other way too!
Experienced flower growers know that if you give the bulb a rest, properly organize its dormant period, it can bloom again, and more than once. After flowering is over, the bulb must continue to be watered and fed. In autumn, it will need to be taken out, cleaned of dry grassroots leaves and planted in the garden in a well-lit, calm place. Planting is carried out in neutral or slightly acidic loose soil, fertilized with humus or compost.
The bulb, after it has been planted in the garden, should not be allowed to bloom. If you cut off the flowers as soon as they appear, the tuber will gain strength, become larger and gain weight, only then will it be suitable for forcing in a pot.
A year or two after planting, again in the fall, the bulb is dug up and dried. If it is large enough, with a diameter of 5 cm or more, elastic, untouched by rot, you can grow an indoor hyacinth flower from it. If the faded plant continued to be properly looked after, organized for him to rest in the soil, daughter bulbs can form on the bulb, each of which can give its own flower.
Growing this plant at home has an interesting feature - they can be made to bloom, that is, “drive out”. Caring for a flower from the moment it was planted until flowering begins, averages 2.5 months. This must be taken into account in order to have time to land on time. If the distillation is early, that is, on New Year or Christmas, it is necessary to plant a hyacinth in the first half of October, if by March 8 - closer to December.
At home, a flower is planted like this:
- drainage is made at the bottom of the pot;
- after a layer lay out a mixture of slightly acidic soil with turf, leafy soil, compost, peat and sand;
- planted bulbs;
- if several bulbs are planted in one pot, they should not touch each other;
- the bulbs are covered loosely with the soil mixture mentioned above.
Caring for the planted bulbs further provides for a dormant period of two months. Pots should be at a temperature of 5-7 ° C, then homemade hyacinths will take root well. Pots closed with thick paper can be taken out to the cellar, to the loggia, to the garage, or put in the refrigerator.
When young shoots appear on the surface, the plants are returned to the house, placed in a bright and cool place. After the flowers bloom on the peduncles, care becomes minimal: the plants will only need to be watered. Water only the edge of the pot so that water does not fall on the leaves and the bulb does not get wet.
Possible problems
To avoid problems with growing a hyacinth in a pot, you need to inspect its bulb well before planting it. If it looks unhealthy, it may simply rot. A small tuber will not give flowers, but only leaves.
Mistakes in the organization of the "cold period" are fraught with weak plant growth and the absence of flowers on it.
If watering is poor, the leaves of the hyacinth will turn yellow, the flowering period will be very short. Excess moisture is fraught with rotting of the bulb.
Today the hyacinths indoor flowers many are bred in pots. If you want to do this, you can watch photos and videos on the Internet with the stages of growing this plant and caring for it. You can get a lot of useful information from them.
