09.06.2018
Templates of multi-storey buildings made of paper for the layout. Paper house layout with a diagram, cut and glue
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22.12.2014
Of course, the main highlight will not be the material of the house, but its style. Let's make a number of houses and from them we will create a game ghost town.
We will need:
- White paper.
- Pencil, ruler.
- Scissors.
- Glue.
- Black marker or black paper.
- Print template (PDF)
- Check out our ideas for kids there
Our city will gain ghosts due to the location of windows and doorways, I explain: on the wall of the house there are two windows and a door, located so that they resemble a face in shape (windows - eyes, house - mouth). The house is watching you. Moreover, the shapes of windows and doors can and should vary in shape, and houses vary slightly in size, color and shape of the roof.
In principle, templates can be found on the Internet and printed. Can be made by yourself.
On a sheet of white paper, we draw a rectangle, its length is equal to the length of the perimeter of the future building, and the height is the height of the house, excluding the roof. If you don’t want to calculate the dimensions simply, first draw a rectangle 16 cm long and 5 centimeters high in the middle of a sheet of landscape paper. Divide it with vertical lines along the long side into four equal rectangles. Then, to the second rectangle from the left (this is the facade), draw a triangle on one free side, the side of the rectangle is the base of the triangle, and the top looks to the opposite side (the triangle is the end side of the roof). 
And on the other free side, we add another rectangle to the second rectangle from the left. Its height will be equal to the width of the first rectangle on the left (this is the bottom of our house). To the third rectangle on the left, add a rectangle with a height equal to the length of the two sides of the triangle (these are the sides of the roof), and add it on the same side as the triangle. On the last rectangle, counting from the left, draw a triangle (the size is the same as the previous one, the display is mirrored if it is not equilateral).
You can draw a truncated triangle instead of triangles, then the height of the sides of the roof is equal to the sum of the lengths of the sides of the truncated triangle, plus the length of the smaller base. Now it remains to finish the flaps from the outside, so that the house can be folded and glued. Cut out the layout.
We will bend the voluminous paper house, inward relative to the drawn lines, so that they are not visible on the facade. First, draw or paste the windows and take them.
The principle is clear, we make different houses, and play.
This is an instruction on how to make a paper house with your own hands for kids! Hopefully it won't take them long. Note: The parts for these toy houses will need to be cut out of construction paper, so it's best if an adult cuts them out, not a child.
Making a paper house with your own hands
Ideas:
Color the parts of the houses before putting them together. You can draw a door frame around and windows. You can stick cellophane inside the window. You can draw shingles on the roof. Or add windows or even two, and maybe doors.
You can add people and animals. Create your own home. Make a church, a school, a hospital. Or maybe even make an entire village.
You can make a green base to simulate grass. Create your own streets.
New Year's version of decorating a paper house
If you make a small town with a huge number of such houses, could you post a photo of it on the site so that I can look at it?
NOTE: My templates are not very good, but everything is perfectly clear from them. You can download and print templates. If you can print them on heavy paper that will be great, but if not, you will have to transfer the drawing from the printout to heavy paper.
You can also download all templates for buildings 1 - 5 in one ZIP file listed just below house number 5. You can also download all templates for buildings 6 - 8 in one ZIP file listed just below house number 8.
General instructions
After you have cut out all the pieces, use a ballpoint pen to transfer all the lines indicating the folds, including the places for the hinges on the doors, and leave the doors open. Then glue them together. It is better to take quick-drying glue. If you are making a heavy paper house with some kind of pattern on it, make sure the pattern is on the inside of the house so that it is not visible.
To hold the pieces together until the glue dries, you can use a few staples, old ones will also work.
1. We will start with the simplest projects and move on to the most complex houses. Let's start very simple garage:
for template
2. This one garage slightly larger, designed for two cars:
You only need 2 parts for it, the floor/walls and the roof. Press here for template
3. Now let's move on to our first home:
Press here for floor/wall drawing and click HERE roof
4.Next House very similar to the previous one, but it is a bit longer:
You only need 2 parts for it.
Press here for the roof.
Please note that you will need duct tape to hold some of the pieces together. When gluing the roof to the house, hold the roof upside down in your hand and lower the house onto it to make sure it is centered.
5. And second house not much more complicated, it has a chimney going through a hole in the roof:
You only need 3 parts for it.
Press here for a floor/wall template and click HERE for the roof.
If you want to download BUILDINGS 1 to 5 in one ZIP file, click HERE . Please email me if you have any problems downloading the file.
6. This house is a little more complicated - a multi-level house:
You need 4 pieces for it.
and for lower walls and two roofs click HERE
This house is quite complex! Watch carefully where you cut the pieces.
7. The complexity of this house lies in the roof and "L" shaped floor.
You will need 6 parts for it.
For floor/wall templates click .
For Roof/Canopy/Chimney Roof Templates click HERE
For canopy / optional roof templates for the rear click HERE
This house is not for beginners!
8. Last house with unusual roof, canopy and chimney (very similar to the one above).
You will need 6 parts for it:
For floor/wall templates click HERE
For roof, chimney, gabled roof templates click HERE
For canopy and roof templates: click HERE
Be careful with the canopy; mark each end of the house to which it will be attached. In addition, it is inconvenient to install a gabled roof over the main roof. I suggest cutting off the two glued parts of the gabled roof and reattaching them with duct tape on the back.
If you want to download BUILDINGS #6 to #8 in one ZIP file, click HERE .
There are also other houses, just now to design the templates, but you can look at them in finished form and download the sketches:
building 9:
Template 1 >>
Template 2 >>
Template 3 >>
House 10:
Template 1 >>
Template 2 >>
Surely many parents are familiar with the problem: the better to keep the child busy, how to tear him away from the computer or TV. A good option is a walk, but if the weather does not work out, then it immediately disappears. Your attention is presented to a fascinating activity that will help your child pass a couple of cold winter evenings. The main thing is that for this you do not need to spend a large amount of money on toys. You only need to download one file and print it. As you can see, everything is quite simple.
We offer an entertaining game - the designer, which will provide you with a couple of hours of peace while the baby is busy building. It is better join him, because you have to deal with glue. Such a wonderful time will only bring you closer to your child. Help him build his dream house! In general, the game is intended for children from three years old under adult supervision. However, it is also suitable for children of primary school age. In the latter case, you can afford a couple of hours of rest. But do not rush to deny yourself such an entertaining pleasure.
For a child, the game will be useful, because you need to glue everything according to the instructions. It develops thinking, imagination and motor skills of the hands. You will need paper, scissors, cardboard, glue and, of course, paints. It is better to take, for example, PVA, and glue - a pencil. The latter option is much easier to use and will give you a minimum of inconvenience. We just print the downloaded layout of our future home, carefully cut it out and start building.
If you like the process itself, then you can make a whole miniature town by gluing a few more houses together. In fact, this is a great option for the New Year holiday. You can, for example, place your creations under the Christmas tree and put presents there. When you finish building, using ordinary cotton wool, you can create the illusion that snow has fallen in the town. You can settle several residents there or decorate a window sill with this composition, for example. In a word, the construction of such a paper theater will be a great pastime for your baby and, possibly, for you. Such scope for fantasy and imagination will give you a wonderful mood!
Paper is the simplest and most suitable material for a variety of creativity. From the age of three, the child has been paying attention to the rustling leaves and has been engaged in them for a long time and with enthusiasm. As they get older, children do not lose interest in paper and love to make different objects out of it. They are madly happy when adults make crafts with them.
And if you ask a child what he wants to do, most often it turns out that this is a house. Moreover, both boys and girls love to create houses with their own hands. Apparently, children, albeit unconsciously, already perceive the house as the main attribute of life. How to quickly and easily make a house out of paper?
Tools and materials for creating a paper house
When you decide to brighten up a family evening or a child at school is given the task of making such a craft, you will need a little imagination, paper, glue and just a few tools. Paper can be any: thin from color sets, sheets of notebooks or albums, drawing paper (which, by the way, sticks together perfectly) or pieces of wallpaper. You will need scissors, a ruler and a pencil, and sometimes a glue brush.
If you have a clerical knife, it will help you quickly and accurately cut through the windows and doors. Glue will suit the most different: in tubes, PVA glue, wallpaper, glue stick, home-made paste or paper in bottles, adhesive tape. The selection of items to decorate the future house depends on the scope of your imagination with your child. Suitable paints, gouache, colored pencils, beads, cotton wool, lace and other items for applique.
You can engage in magical action at a table, on a wide windowsill or sitting on the floor. As long as the surface is smooth and resistant to glue and scratches (you can put a plank or plywood).
Preparing a sketch of a paper house
When designing a house, small or voluminous, simple or complex, a sketch is first created. Work begins with a drawing. If there are only small sheets for making a larger house, you can cut the drawing along the dotted line and perform each part separately.
When cutting the drawing, remember that the right side will remain without a bend for applying glue and it needs to be drawn. You can add a floor to the sketch of the house. But is it necessary? Without it, it is more convenient for a child to place toys: dishes, furniture, "tenants" of various sizes, and not everything can fit through the door.
Connecting parts, decorating and assembling a paper house
Then parts of the house are cut out and “construction” begins, smearing and gluing special bends.
The product will take some time to dry.
The new building lacks stability - it is better to install and glue it on a cardboard frame.
The design of the house can be complicated by adding an extension, a porch, an attic, a second floor, a balcony and other elements. The stages of work remain the same: creating a sketch - cutting out details - decor - gluing - drying.
Other options for paper houses
Round houses are made of paper very interesting.
When creating a sketch, the body of this design looks like a solid long rectangle. The craft is glued in one fold. And the roof is often drawn separately in the form of a circle, then it is trimmed and connected to the body with glue.
But it is also possible to build a drawing in unity with the roof. Then many cuts are made for the roof, which can then be glued together with an overlap, creating a conical shape.
With great enthusiasm, children make fabulous "log" huts.
The materials for work are the same, but the technology for building such a house is completely different. Here, first, building materials are harvested. Tubes - “logs” are made from identical long paper rectangles with a pencil.
Whether it will be a small house or a voluminous house depends on the size and number of rolled tubes. Usually the guys compete with adults or among themselves, who will roll or glue more.
Then from finished material walls fold neatly. There are options here: the walls are glued with gaps, where there are two logs in a row, or a continuous masonry of four tubes is glued with their displacement to the edges in the next row. The roof of the house can be "log" or smooth.
Patterns and layouts of houses
Save the diagram to your computer and print it out.
How to make an origami paper house
Creation of origami figurines, among them houses, according to ready-made schemes serves the development of the child's logical and spatial thinking, the activation of his thought processes. You can do origami anywhere, for example, in line to the doctor.
Having created the first simple paper houses with your own hands, you can come up with many others unusually and often make them together with your beloved child.
Print, cut, glue 3Paper houses. Print, cut, glue.
Name: paper house and
Format: pdf
The size: 83 MV
uploaded to: Letitbit and depositfiles
Description: Print, cut and glue.
The kit includes: bakery, bathroom, living room, living room with fireplace,
nursery, office, cafe, bedroom, kitchen, toy store, butcher shop, vegetable shop, flower shop, fish shop, restaurant, Japanese canteen...
All houses in one archive
http://letitbit.net/download/7729.7c4904a413acc3f41dd7a9fa56/____________.rar.html
Bakery
http://depositfiles.com/files/5bxf09x0g
Bath
http://depositfiles.com/files/8lks6dpoj
Living room with fireplace
http://depositfiles.com/files/evjdxs8sy
Living room
http://depositfiles.com/files/iox6kk45o
Children's
http://depositfiles.com/files/u8p7lcqog
Cabinet
http://depositfiles.com/files/s27qry56d
Cafe
http://depositfiles.com/files/7gel2i34b
Room
http://depositfiles.com/files/ikfmub4xe
Kitchen
http://depositfiles.com/files/l774x5px4
A toy shop
http://depositfiles.com/files/ccfj7q49p
Butcher shop
http://depositfiles.com/files/g0szu7bpz
Vegetable shop
http://depositfiles.com/files/txn6u7t4k
restaurant
http://depositfiles.com/files/2bj2t2sj1
Christmas
http://depositfiles.com/files/ynqbp9uui
Fish shop
http://depositfiles.com/files/g43srx4za
Flower shop
http://depositfiles.com/files/4a8a04zca
Japanese dining
http://depositfiles.com/files/9npbqpmmr
Paper figures for each letter English alphabet. Print, cut, glue
Name: Paper figures for each letter of the English alphabet
Format: pdf
The size: 1.86 Mb
uploaded to: Letitbit and depositfiles
The kit includes: Apple, Bus, Coffee cup,Duck, Elephant, Fish, Glasses,House, Island, Juice, Kettle, Lion, Milk, Notebook,Ottoman, Post,Quoits, Rucksack, Star, Tote, Umbrella, Vase, Watch, Xylophone, Yacht , Zebra
Description: Print, cut and glue
paper houses
Name: paper houses
Format: pdf
The size: 12 MB
uploaded to: ifolder.ru
Description: Print, cut and glue.
Print, cut and glue Halloween House
Name: halloween house
team
The year of publishing: 2007-2008
Pages: 25
Language: Russian
Format: PDF
The size: 5 MB
uploaded to: Ifolder, Rapidshare
Description: Print, cut and glue Halloween House.
Name: Paper models of cartoon characters
Format: PDF
The size: 8 MV
uploaded to: ifolder.ru
Description: It's very simple - print, cut and glue!
Gingerbread house. paper model
Gingerbread house . paper model
Developer: Canon
Format: pdf
Language: English
Everything that is done independently is more carefully stored by an adult, and even more so by a child. The easiest and most affordable paper crafts for kids. Well, who doesn’t like their own house for dolls or superheroes, which was so lacking in the game? Therefore, today we will do what we will tell you how to make a house out of paper. This craft is fun to create for parents and children together.
Content:
Dollhouse paper house: origami
A dollhouse is useful in any children's game, and the origami technique will help to realize all the dreams of a child and ideas of what a house should be like.
For such a house you will need 2 hours of free time. You should also stock up on such materials and tools:
- thick paper, which should be in the shape of a square with sides of about 50 by 50 cm;
- a simple pencil and an eraser;
- scissors;
- ruler;
- double-sided colored paper to make trees and flowers;
- felt-tip pens, pencils and paints.
Advice! If you took paper 50 cm wide and 50 cm long, then the product itself will be 25.5 cm deep and the same in width and length. These are not the only sizes that are suitable for creating a house. You can use a square and larger and smaller sizes. For children, of course, it is better to take smaller paper so that it is easy for them to fold the craft.
Now let's get to work on the house.
1. Take a paper square (if you have one-sided colored paper, then the colored side should be at the bottom - invisible) and fold the upper corners with the lower ones to make a rectangle (now the colored side is visible);
2. Lay the left side of the workpiece on the right side, achieving a square sheet shape. Open again to the left to make a vertical fold in the middle;
3. First, fold the left edge to a vertical line in the center, and then do the same with the right. Smooth with your hand;
4. Unscrew the top sheet of the left side with your fingers, as if climbing inside. Bend the top corner towards you to make a small triangle at the top;
5. Open the top of the right side and do the same steps as in the previous paragraph;
6. Try to place the workpiece on a flat surface. Please note that its middle should be straight, and the walls that are on the side should form a parallel to each other, but at the same time adjoin the middle perpendicularly;
7. Move on to decorating the house. It should be colorful, beautiful and eye-catching.
Start from the roof. To make it look like a tile, take scrapbooking paper (preferably pieces different color and ornament) and cut out circles from it the same size. With a simple pencil, draw along the roof and mark the lowest point where the tiles will lie. There, draw a line parallel to the surface, and glue the circles, focusing on it. Tiles on the first line should not touch each other. Glue the next row on top of the first one, as it were, between the elements. Then the next according to this principle and so on.
Tiles do not have to be cut out of paper and glued. You can simply draw the outline of the tiles with a simple pencil. And then paint with different colors of felt-tip pens or colored pencils;
8. The interior of the house (paintings, furniture, etc.) can also be painted. And on the outer walls, apply windows with curtains and flowers in pots, doors with felt-tip pens or pencils;
9. Make the trees like this: take green paper, draw the outline of the trees, and then cut them out. To make coasters for them, you need to cut out small semicircles.
At the bottom of the trunks and on the stands, make cuts so that you can insert one element into the second crosswise. Do this and put the craft on the table next to the house.
Advice! If you want to revive the house and its interior, then you can do the following: put small real flowers in pots on the floor of the house inside, a small rug that you can also make yourself, just like a picture or a panel on the wall. Find beads, small parts from bracelets, watches and other things that can be used.
Paper log house
Let's make a log house out of paper, like in the old days.
You will need:
- White paper;
- very thin paper (to make logs);
- scissors;
- colored pencils, markers;
- glue.
Let's get to work:
Paper gluing houses: schemes and templates
Video instructions
Watch the suggested videos and choose the right paper house for yourself
Paper origami house:
Simple paper house:
Many people, seeing the beautiful and neat models of buildings made by architects, dream of learning how to create the same small copies of beautiful houses. It is difficult to learn how to make real difficult layouts, but it is in your power and probabilities to assemble a decorative model of a house on a scale of 1:50, having previously drawn on paper the silhouettes of the details and facades of the house, as well as the roof and frame.
Instruction
1. To create a layout, you will need plywood 6-8 mm thick, as well as materials for facades, partitions and roofs. Make the frame of the house out of plywood and place it on a flat surface.
2. Separately prepare the facades cut out according to the drawings, and cut door and window openings into them. After that, sand the cuts and joints.
3. Make the base of the house from wide slats, gluing them onto the finished box of the house, and also separately make a porch with stairs from solid wood bars.
4. From thin plywood, cut the doors separately and window frames, sand them with sandpaper, paste over the silhouette with thin slats and glue them tightly to the frame of the house in the openings. In windows instead of glasses, insert plexiglass of millimeter thickness with glued outer side frames made of plastic or wood.
5. Take a separate sheet of plywood and saw out a gable roof for the house, and then roofs for individual buildings if you want to complement the house with a yard. Solder downspouts and gutters from thin tin, and then fix them on the roof slopes. Chimneys are made from small pieces of wood.
6. Later, after the small details are ready, start assembling the house. First, assemble the box of the house, then place the roof on it, then fix the porches at the outer doors.
7. Carve individual beautiful posts or slats with which you close the joints of plywood sheets so that the house looks more beautiful. Sand the surface of the building, cover it with stain and varnish or paint it with paint.
8. Start production of building models with primitive models - say, small huts or barns. After that, you can improve your knowledge and move on to building more difficult layouts.
When people are planning to build their own house, it is cooler for everyone to make its layout first. This will allow potential owners to visually look at their future home and, for example, make some adjustments before construction.
You will need
- - a special mock-up knife with replaceable blades. It can be either plastic or metal. The final one is better because it is more durable and will not break when pressed.
- - thick cardboard It is allowed to buy it in special stores for artists, designers. But the best option for making a house layout would be corrugated cardboard. Where is it allowed to be taken? For example, if there are obscene shoe boxes, then it is permissible to use them bravely to create a model of a building. The thickness of corrugated cardboard is different, and what will be applied depends on the scale of the model of the house. For example, at a house scale of 1:50, it’s better to take cardboard at least 5 mm, and at 1:100, corrugated cardboard 2-3 mm thick will perfectly fit. That is, the smaller the scale of the house, the thinner the cardboard.
- - glue. More often than not, PVA glue is recommended, but this is by no means the best option. Because it requires high accuracy and the presence of practice in its application. In order to make the layout of the house more excellent, Globus glue and other types with a similar composition are suitable.
- - a dense board (fiberboard, chipboard). It will be used to cool the cardboard on it, so as not to damage the surface of other coatings.
Instruction
1. The first thing that begins with the production of a layout is the choice of a building plan, from which in the future it will be necessary to make a model of a house.
2. Later, after choosing the necessary house, we proceed to its manufacture. To begin with, we draw a plan and facades of the building on paper. We paste the drawn plan onto prepared corrugated or ordinary, pressed cardboard, and cut it out according to the silhouette. Thus, we will have a ready-made basis for the future building model.
3. We proceed to the manufacture of facades and their assembly. To begin with, we produce two facades. They certainly must be located each other, on the contrary. Say, two side, or main and courtyard facades.
4. After that, two selected opposite facades are glued onto the plan. We install a stiffener between them along a length equal to the length of the building. We do the same with the other two side walls of the house. The device of stiffening ribs is necessary so that the walls of the layout hold tightly and do not collapse.
5. Manufacture of the roof layout of the house. Say, if the roof is gable, then we cut out two plates of cardboard equal to the required dimensions of the roof, remembering that any roof should have a small overhang.
6. In conclusion, it is allowed to note that pastel paper is the best for facing the facades and roof of a house layout, but it is allowed to paint and acrylic paint or gouache, in this case, extreme accuracy is needed.
Related videos
Beautiful architectural models often attract admiring glances, but few people dare to repeat the object they like and make a model on their own - working on a model is caring and requires a lot of time and physical expenses. However, the finished layout can please your eyes and the eyes of your friends for a long time, so you can try to make a simple building layout. with my own hands. In this article we will tell you how to make a simple rural house layout out of plywood and wooden slats.
Instruction
1. First, draw all the elements and details of the upcoming layout on paper. The drawing must be in 1:50 scale and its measurements must be accurate. Calculate the dimensions of the roof, walls, facade, platform on which the building stands, and other fragments of the layout.
2. Transfer the drawings to thin plywood and carefully cut out the details. After that, cut window and door openings in the finished parts, and then sand the edges and cuts with sandpaper.
3. Glue the wide slats for the base onto the base, and then sand and clean it. Saw the doors out of thin plywood and paste over with thin wooden slats, adjusting the size door leaf so that it fits snugly into the opening.
4. For windows, take thin plexiglass and cut it to shape and size. window openings. Make window frames from thin wooden slats, and then make ebbs and platbands.
5. Make the frame of the roof and galleries out of plywood, and bend downspouts and gutters out of thin sheet metal. Attach them to the roof, and after that make a chimney and skylight in the attic wall. The porch can be made from wide blocks of wood.
6. Start assembling the layout later after all the elements are installed - doors, windows, and the like. Fix the roof frame on the box of the house, install the porches, stick decorative rails covering the frame gluing points.
7. If desired, saw out balusters for the porch and balconies. Bring the shape of the logs to life with the support of a needle file and a file. Sand all the fragments of the layout and cover it with decorative impregnation or varnish. Also, the model can be painted with acrylic or oil paint.
8. Start by making models of light construction and continue to improve your knowledge on more difficult buildings.
The art of diorama - military simulation and re-creation on a scaled-down picture of warfare, thought out to the smallest detail - is an exciting, difficult and costly hobby, which, nevertheless, gives rise to spectacular paintings that attract both the owner and creator, and other people. In a diorama, in order to correspond to reality, not only figures of soldiers and military equipment are significant, but also the environment - a forest, a field, a relief, a river or a waterfall, and of course, trees and shrubs. About how to do trees in layouts, you will learn from our article.
Instruction
1. In order to make a birch layout on a scale of 72 with your own hands, prepare a number of tools: a clerical knife, a flat hard brush, a thin spatula and a mini hand drill.
2. You will also need painter's tape, superglue, tile putty, a small birch twig, dried moss, green powder that resembles tree foliage (it can be made from crushed painted paper or tea leaves), black and white paint for models, swamp green paint and matt varnish.
3. Sharpen the tip of the birch branch with a knife. Wrap the branch with paint tape in several layers. At the base of the future trunk, wind more layers of adhesive tape in order to make a thickening.
4. With a tile grout diluted in white paint, process a branch wrapped with adhesive tape, with the support of a spatula or brush. The grout should be diluted evenly so that lumps do not spoil the texture of the trunk. Wait for the surface of the coming birch to dry.
5. Dip a thin brush into black paint and apply black dots to the birch trunk. Dilute the greenish paint and lightly paint the base of the tree.
6. As birch branches, use moss branches, which must be painted with black paint. Coat the especially branchy part of the branch with varnish, and then sprinkle with a mixture that imitates the small foliage of a tree.
7. Prepare a whole set of branches in this way. To install them with a mini hand drill, drill holes in the trunk for branches, directing the drill at an angle from top to bottom. The upper branches will, unlike the lower and middle ones, be attached severely perpendicular to the trunk.
8. Put a little glue on the tip of the prepared branch and place it in the prepared hole. Do the same with the rest of the branches, holding each of them with your fingers in the desired location until the glue dries.
9. Thus, you have a realistic birch on a scale of 72. Based on this method, you will be able to make any deciduous tree.
Every person should have their own hobby. With his help, it is allowed to be distracted and it is gratifying to spend your free time. One of the most common hobbies in Lately became modeling. Moreover, it is unconditionally allowed to make models from any material. Modeling will not only help to occupy your free time, but will also bring a lot of joy to your child.
You will need
- drawing accessories, wooden blocks, tools, PVA glue, paints or varnish.
Instruction
1. Before everyone, decide on the type of the upcoming aircraft. allowed to do layout a genuine aircraft, but you are allowed to come up with your own model. It all depends on your imagination. First you need to make a sketch of the upcoming layout, that is, make a freehand drawing, one that will show the upcoming approximate view of the aircraft. After making a sketch, you need to start making an accurate drawing. This is one of the most significant steps, which should be treated with special care, since a positively executed drawing is the key to a good layout. The drawing is better than everyone to execute on thick paper.
2. Now it is necessary to prefer the material from which the layout will be made. The choice is huge. The most primitive option is paper or not very thick cardboard. They are cool in that they are easily fastened with glue and are easy to process. Virtually any model can be made from paper and cardboard. However, it is worth remembering that these materials are short-lived and can easily deteriorate from the influence of external factors. You can also take foam. It is hefty easy to cut, giving the desired shape, however, the foam crumbles powerfully and can become a source of debris, only if a child plays with the finished model. It is better than everyone to make a model of an airplane out of wood. Wood is also easy to work with and extremely durable.
3. You need to pick up a few blanks for the upcoming layout. Of course, it is allowed to make a layout from a single piece of wood, but it is not so easy, and then there will be a bunch of obscene trimmings. It makes more sense to take a few smaller bars. Take three main blocks, from which you will make the fuselage and two wings. You will also need small pieces of wood from which the tail and other small parts will be made. Mark the tree according to the drawing. After this, you need to carefully cut out all the blanks. When they're ready, try them on beforehand. Make sure that all parts fit snugly against each other and that there are no cracks or gaps.
4. Now it is allowed to collect all the details together. To connect, use either small cloves or PVA glue. Use glue very carefully so as not to leave dirty spots on the surface of the layout. After connecting all the parts, make sure that they fit exactly together. If irregularities and distortions are found, they must be eliminated. After that, let the model dry thoroughly.
5. Now the final moment remains - decorating your model. Here you need to give freedom to your own imagination. The model can be scrupulously sanded and varnished. You are allowed to color it. Also, the fuselage of the aircraft can be decorated with burnt inscriptions or patterns.
Useful advice
Carry out all procedures in a specially prepared room so as not to litter the floor and furniture with sawdust.
If you decide to independently develop a plan for your future home, then you need to carefully think through all the details. In particular, it is necessary to make a model of the future building in order to clearly see what will happen. Also, the layout will help to calculate all the costs for building material. Later, the construction of the house, its reduced copy can be a wonderful interior decoration.
You will need
- Drawing supplies, plywood sheet, wooden blocks various sizes, a tool for working with wood, PVA glue, cotton gloves.
Instruction
1. Draw a rough sketch of your future home on paper. This will help you decide on the type of building you want, to understand what exactly you want to do. It is better than everyone to make a sketch in 3 parts: two sketches of 2 sides of the house and a sketch of the house in section. The implementation of the sketch does not require special care, however, all the main details must be present on it.
2. After completing the sketch, proceed to the manufacture of a detailed drawing. Be very observant about this, because the layout drawing is the basis of the drawing for a life-size house. Use a scale of 1:100 to make the layout. Carefully calculate all the smallest details. The furor of your construction site will depend on the quality and reliability of the drawing.
3. Now it's time to decide on the material from which you will produce your layout. There are many options, but it is better to use cardboard, foam or wood. Plastic is also occasionally used, but it is very problematic to process at home. Making a mock-up out of cardboard is very easy, but a cardboard mock-up can be easily ruined by an unwittingly spilled liquid. Styrofoam is also easy to process, but during the manufacturing process it will crumble powerfully. It is worth making a layout out of it only if the future product will not be exposed to external factors. A tree is better than everyone, it is easy to process. It is strong and durable.
4. Take a large sheet of plywood of medium thickness. This will be the stand for the upcoming layout. It is even allowed to supplement the layout with a design or an approximate layout of buildings in the surrounding area. Now make all the parts according to the drawing you developed. Make sure that all the details are exact dimensions. Also, as you make it, do an advance fitting. If some details do not clearly fit with each other, then you need to correct the error.
5. Start putting together the layout. Use PVA glue to connect the parts. Use it very carefully so as not to leave traces of glue on the surface of the layout. Particularly large parts should be connected with small nails or staples. After complete assembly, let the layout dry. After that, decorate it to your taste. A clearly executed and beautifully designed drawing will be an amazing addition to the layout.
Useful advice
Carry out all work with wood in a deliberately prepared room, so as not to spoil the interior items with chips. All work is done in cotton gloves, so as not to damage your hands.
The durability of the structure and the comfort of living in it directly depend on a solid, faithful roof. V modern construction apply different types roofs The types of building materials used for coating are also diverse.
Roof structure
By type of roof construction, there are single-pitched, double-pitched, hip (four-pitched), mansard (crushed), multi-pitched. most economical and simple design- single pitched roof. But it has an unattractive appearance and, therefore, is rarely used in residential construction. Shed roofs do in garages, sheds, outbuildings. The most common in the construction of houses are gable roofs. It is primitive in construction, it is allowed to use all kinds of roofing materials to cover it. Design gable roof consists of the following elements: racks and braces; mauerlats and rafters;? crate; roof;? ridge run. The truss system (truss) consists of 2 legs, interconnected and reinforced with braces, and there are 2 types - hanging and layered. When building a roof, both types of trusses are often used. Metal can serve as a material for rafters and battens, but wood is more often used due to availability, ease of processing and installation, and low cost. The cross section of the beam used for the elements of the truss structure is 15x15 or 20x20 cm. If the rafters are rarely installed (a step is larger than 1.5 m), then the section should be larger.
Roof installation
As usual, the slope angle is made within 15-50 degrees, it largely depends on roofing material. The ratio of roofing material and slope in degrees: - slate - 30 × 50; - corrugated board - 16 × 30; - metal tile - 30 × 45; - soft roof- 15?30. Roof construction begins with the installation of roof trusses. A waterproofing material is laid along the perimeter of the building frame - roofing material, Mauerlats are placed and fixed on it. Now truss structures are being installed, it is allowed to assemble them on the ground and lift them up, and it is allowed to make the assembly at ease on the spot. Later, the installation of rafters, they begin to create a multilayer cake, the one that will protect the building, save heat in it. The pie is made up of the following layers: waterproofing; vapor barrier; thermal insulation. Waterproofing from membranes is laid on top of the rafters from the bottom up with an overlap of 10 × 15 cm, and fastened with slats - this will be a counter-lattice. The next step is the installation of the lathing from the boards, which are nailed perpendicular to the rafters. Under a soft coating, a continuous crate is made. Under the slate, corrugated board, metal tiles, the boards are stuffed into a stretch. After that, there is a layer of insulation - polystyrene foam, fiberglass or mineral wool. A vapor barrier is laid on top of the insulation, and the final touch is the laying of roofing material.
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Tatiana Khadyka
It's no secret that in every kindergarten great importance is given to educating children in the correct behavior on the road and the ability to navigate in difficult situations on the roadway. In this regard, in kindergartens, a prerequisite for instilling in children a culture of behavior on the road is the production layout"Our street" and work with it.
Today I bring to your attention, dear colleagues, master- manufacturing class multi-storey buildings for layout, which shows the street of the city.
For work we need:
a) Empty matchboxes.
b) Glue gun.
c) Colored cardboard and self-adhesive paper.
So let's get started.
1. We glue the internal (2 pcs.) and external (2 pcs.) matchbox parts.
2. Three pairs of "tops" are glued together. Then glue another box in the center.
4. There can be as many floors as you like. Now we proceed to the design of balconies with colored paper.
Here are some we got high-rise buildings. The children were delighted! And immediately posted them on our layout.
This work is easy. The guys can even do it preparatory group, but always under the guidance of a teacher who works with a glue gun!
Try it and you will succeed!
For staining sawdust, ultramarine blue is taken, diluted in hot water, where wood powder is immersed, stained before our eyes to the degree of the desired color scheme. Removed from the paint, it is wrung out and placed in a thin layer on a baking sheet to dry.
Wood powder can be used to cover models instead of paint, but for this it is harvested in a wide variety of colors, dried and folded into jars. best paint for this - aniline, sold in bags for dyeing cotton fabrics. The powder is applied in a thin layer to hot carpentry glue and pressed down. After drying, its excess is poured into a jar and stored for the next work.
The snow surface is made as follows: the desired part is smeared with glue and sprinkled with borax with an admixture of boric acid to give shine. You can also make a surface of cotton wool (hygroscopic), which spreads evenly and thinly over white paper. Cotton wool is sprinkled on top with boric acid.
When the glued parts dry, they are covered with a putty made from chalk (tooth powder) and glue. Depending on the color that the soil should have, various paints are added to the chalk. Putty is applied in a thin layer, and in those places where required, it takes the form of the necessary bulges, relief, ledges, banks, etc.
Putty coating aims to fasten the layout, smooth out irregularities or create them, make it dense and monolithic. Pebbles, roots imitating one or another object can be interspersed in the putty when it is applied.
The background of the layout can be painted with brown paint or sprinkled with wood powder over glue, or pasted over with dark paper. The whole layout after finishing, while it is damp, sprinkled with diamond mounds, from which it comes to life, especially in the evening light.
The inscriptions are made on drawing paper with ink and placed under glass, like labels, and the layout is ready.
Let's turn to the manufacture of some details of the layouts.
The forest and bushes conditionally depict green deciduous mosses. They are going ahead. You need to choose the greenest, brightest and not very juicy, dry them in a draft, but not in the sun. Very dense bouquets are tied from mosses, which are inserted into the holes made in the layout with an awl.
Grass layout
The grassy surface on the models can also be depicted with moss. The surface is pasted over with matte green paper or painted with green paint. The green background is smeared with glue and sprinkled with finely trimmed moss. You can replace the moss with green-colored small sawdust. If it is necessary to present a part of the vegetation in its natural form, then one has to take real plants or parts of them dried in the sand.
Surface irregularities, pits, small elevations, etc. do this: moisten in liquid wood glue the desired size of a piece of thin paper and stick on the surface of the stand. Wet another piece of colored paper in glue. When it becomes soft, put it on a lump and press the edges around the lump to the surface of the stand. Coat the irregularities made with glue and sprinkle with sheared moss or earth.
Simulation of the earth's surface. The easiest way is to arrange a flat surface of the soil. It is enough to grease a piece of cardboard and sprinkle it with earth or sand. The cardboard must be painted in the color that the prepared soil has.
"Earth" is done like this. Take thin cardboard and black matte paper. Cut out a piece of cardboard of the desired size, paste over it with matte black paper, reverse side Cardboards must be immediately pasted over with paper, otherwise it will warp. In the absence of paper, cardboard can be successfully painted with soot on glue. Apply carpenter's glue to the black side of the cardboard, cover it with earth in an even layer, let it dry for half an hour and only then shake off excess earth.
Dry earth is not black, but gray, and therefore, in order for it to remain black, it must be colored. This is done before the sticker. Take black mineral paint, dilute it on a saucer and pour earth into it. Dry the soil soaked with paint in the sun or in an oven.
The sandy surface is made with exactly the same methods, it is only necessary to take yellow instead of black paper, best of all ordinary wrapping paper. Occasionally it is necessary to paint the background with watercolors if the prepared “breed” has a shade of a different color.
For sandy landscapes, artificial sand is prepared. It is made up of 20% natural sand and 80% ocher. The mixture is thoroughly mixed.
From natural pebbles, it is best to use pebbles extracted from a stream, as well as fine gravel. In order to attach pebbles, sticks or any objects to the cardboard, they are smeared with very thick wood glue and lowered to their intended places. When cooking lei, a little sugar is added for strength.
Creek layout
The brook is decorated with paints, and its bed is covered with a specially applied blue putty with a blue embankment powder, which emits shine, and the shore is covered with earth and pebbles.
Animals to enliven the landscape can be sawn out of plywood, painted and attached to the appropriate places on the layout. Also foreground plants. Stones must be prepared from paper pulp, and then painted. You can also use the corresponding drawings for this purpose by cutting and pasting them on cardboard, and then attaching them to the layout.
High slopes and cliffs. A box of the desired size is bent and glued from cardboard. Bottom up, it is glued to a piece of cardboard. This will be the skeleton of the mountain. On all or some sides, you can stick a sheet of thick paper so that with one edge it is attached to the edge of the bottom of the box, and with the other to the cardboard, you get a slope of the desired steepness. The paper is taken in the appropriate color, depending on whether it is an earthen, sandy or grassy slope. When the model is completed, this slope is smeared with glue and sprinkled with sand, earth or sheared moss.
For a break, thin gray wrapping paper is taken. Cut off the desired piece, soak it in liquid wood glue and apply in the same way as the “slope”, but, of course, lower it much steeper. The glue will dry soon, and you can easily collect the paper into any folds and folds. When the glue dries and the paper hardens, coat again with glue and, holding the "cliff" up, sprinkle with sand. Then the assemblies and folds will resemble potholes washed with water on the slope of a ravine. You can sprinkle the "cliff" not only with sand. Having collected multi-colored clays, pour them on the glue in horizontal stripes and visualize the layering of the earth's crust.
Such models of mountains, cliffs, coasts and even ravines can be easily made from nature if you have drawings and maps of the area.
If you are assembling a rock collection from a cliff, then an accurate, proportionate model of the cliff, made (sprinkled with glue) from authentic, locally sourced materials, will greatly enhance the value of your collection.
The construction of models of dwellings or villages develops in students resourcefulness and creative initiative. And the made such models will serve as valuable aids for the geographical office. You can use pictures, drawings, etc., as well as descriptions in magazines and books for guidance. Let's take a description of one layout as an example.
A man sits by a fire in front of the entrance to the cave. All the inhabitants of the cave went hunting. The rest must protect the dwelling and maintain the "eternal fire".
A well-executed model of a primitive man's cave will help you imagine the life of our ancient ancestors. The size of the mock-up is 40 X 40 cm. The height of the back wall is 40 cm. Model a model of a mountain with a cave from clay. Paste the model with layers of paper. Pre-tear the paper into pieces 150 × 150 mm. You will get a cast of the mountain from papier-mâché. Sew the mountain to the underlay and to the back wall of the layout.
Cover the area around the mountain with earth and green sawdust. Color the mountain so that it looks like it is made of stone. Animal skins are well obtained from pieces of an old shaggy towel. Color the "skins" and glue them inside the cave. There are stone tools in the cave. Model the stone parts of the ax and spear from plasticine or other material. Make a fire out of tissue paper dyed red and yellow. For the figure of a primitive man, make a frame of soft thin wire, then apply plasticine to it. Dress the person in a piece of animal skin.
