Modern people are increasingly thinking about the state of the environment, perceiving it as part of their home. This is especially true for the owners of a suburban area, striving to live in comfort even far from centralized communications. And if the local sources of the underground drinking water have long become an attribute of the private sector, house-side treatment facilities began to appear relatively recently. But their popularity is growing.
One of the representatives of such a wastewater treatment plant is the Topas septic tank, manufactured by the Topol-eco group of companies.
The Topas septic tank is a local biological wastewater treatment system with preliminary sedimentation of large suspensions. It is on this principle that centralized sewage treatment plants work, so the Topas septic tank can conditionally be called their miniature.
A step-by-step scheme for processing wastewater can be represented as follows.
Step 1. The entire cleaning process begins with sedimentation in the first chamber, where waste from domestic sanitary equipment flows through the central outer pipe. In addition to sedimentation, already at the first stage, the process of biological decomposition begins due to the fact that oxygen from the air is also supplied to this compartment. From the receiving tank, settled water, thanks to the operation of an airlift equipped with a filter for cleaning large particles, enters the second compartment.
Step 2. The next tank is an aeration tank. In this section, the main work of activated sludge takes place, which consists in the decomposition of pollutants due to the process of respiration of microorganisms. Therefore, air is supplied here by the compressor. In addition, some particles become silted, which will allow them to be removed during the sedimentation process in the next chamber.
Step 3. The third compartment is a pyrami do sump. In it, sludge from the water is deposited, and purified water is discharged. At the outlet of the secondary clarifier, the liquid also passes through an additional filter.
Step 4. Effluent treated to almost 100% of the level is discharged into a receiving tank, reservoir, ditch, etc. A high level of purification allows the use of water for irrigating the green spaces of the site.
Step 5. Light suspended sludge from the secondary clarifier is fed to the beginning of the cycle, and heavy sludge is pumped into the fourth chamber, called the sludge stabilizer.
Such simple circuit allows you to get high-quality wastewater treatment without much human intervention, which is based on the usual natural process of biological decomposition.
Pros and cons of the Topas septic tank
The only drawback of the Topas septic tank is the energy dependence associated with the operation of the compressor. But the lack of uninterrupted power supply on your site will make it impossible to install any biological treatment plant.
The advantages of the Topas septic tank are several:
- lack of noise and unpleasant smell;
- compact design;
- low level of electricity consumption;
- simple installation scheme and operation process;
- large range of models.
Model range of septic tanks "Topas"
The models of this cleaning station differ in capacity, which depends on how many people will operate the sanitary equipment of a residential building.
Note! For a house with a large amount of sanitary equipment, it is better to purchase a septic tank with an increased capacity.
The numerical indicator in the model name indicates the number of users for which the septic tank is designed. Also, each model provides two main modifications, differing from each other in the height of the input and output of drains, and hence the height of the septic tank itself:
- the Standard model is suitable for the case of introducing a supply pipe at a depth of 0.4 - 0.8 m;
- the Long model is applicable when it is necessary to deepen the sewer pipe by 0.9 - 1.4 m.
There is modifications with forced withdrawal of treated water. They are equipped with a pump.
For private houses, 5, 8 and 10 models of the Topas septic tank are most often used, so we will focus on brief description precisely these varieties. In order not to repeat ourselves, we indicate that all these models have the same width, which is 1.2 m.
The Topas 5 septic tank is designed for a salvo discharge of 0.22 m 3, and a productivity of 1 m3. Weight, depending on the height of the tank and the presence of a pump for forced pumping of treated effluents, ranges from 0.23 - 0.31 tons. Height standard models- 2.6 and 2.5 m for gravity and forced evacuation of wastewater, respectively. The height of the elongated model is 3.1 m. The length of the septic tank is about 1 m. The estimated cost, depending on the height of the tank and the presence of a pump, ranges from 80 thousand rubles.
The Topas 8 septic tank copes with a salvo discharge of 0.44 m3 and has a capacity of 1.5 m3. The weight of the septic tank of this model, depending on the modification, ranges from 0.35 - 0.41 tons. The length is about 1.5 m, and the height for standard systems is approximately 2.5 m, and for elongated systems - 3.1 m. Price range is 85-105 thousand rubles.
Septic tanks "Topas 10" successfully operate with a capacity of 2 m3, and the volume of a volley ejection can be equal to 0.76 m3. The weight of the container with equipment varies for modifications in the range of 0.50 - 0.62 tons. The height of this septic tank is the same as that of the eighth model, and the length is 2.1 m.
In addition, the Topas 10 septic tank, in addition to standard models, has an elongated tank with a reinforced structure that can withstand strong ground pressure.
We also note that among the Topas treatment plants there are varieties capable of serving several houses and even small populated areas with up to one and a half hundred people. In this case, the installation must be left to professionals. Small structures can be installed independently.
Installation work
Topas 8 - autonomous biological wastewater treatment system
Before the preparatory and installation work themselves, it is necessary to correctly select the location of the septic tank in accordance with certain conditions:
- the distance to the treatment plant from residential buildings should be at least 5 m, but not exceed the threshold of 10-15 m;
- if the conditions of the area force you to install a septic tank further from the house, then it is recommended to install an inspection well on the external sewer pipeline;
- an inspection well will be required if the supply pipe has bends of more than 30 degrees, so it is better that the pipeline does not have turns.
Having decided on the place, you can proceed to the installation work.
Step 1. Dig a pit using equipment or manually. The width and length of the pit for the container should be approximately 50-60 cm larger than the corresponding dimensions of the septic tank. The depth of the pit is made equal to the height of the septic tank, even though a fifteen centimeter sand layer will be poured at the bottom. After all, it is 0.15 m that the septic tank should rise above the ground to facilitate its maintenance and prevent flooding of the station during the spring flood. If an additional concrete base is still installed at the bottom, then its height must be taken into account, determining the depth of the pit.
Step 2. To prevent shedding of the pit, its walls are reinforced with formwork.
Step 3. At the bottom of the pit for the Topas septic tank, they make sand backfill 15 cm thick, which must be aligned with the mounting level. If the septic tank is installed in places with water-saturated soil or with a seasonal rise in GWL, then it is important to additionally fill or install a ready-made concrete base at the bottom of the pit. The septic tank is further attached to it.
Step 4 Holes for pipelines are made in the wall of the container.
Step 5. A septic tank is released into the prepared pit. If we are talking about 5 or 8 models, then no more than 4 people should be involved to carry out all the work. To do this, they thread slings through the eyes on the stiffening ribs of the container, holding them for letting the septic tank go into the pit.
It is important to check, using the building level, whether the septic tank is level.
Step 6 Prepare a trench for laying a pipe from the house to the septic tank. The depth of the ditch must ensure that the pipeline passes below the zero ground temperature point characteristic of winter period. If this fails, then the pipe will need to be insulated. At the bottom of the trench, a sand backfill is also made, which is leveled in such a way that the laid pipe passes at a slope of 5-10 mm for each running meter.
Step 7 Lay the supply pipe and connect it to the septic tank through the pipe inserted into the prepared hole in the wall of the container. All connections are additionally sealed with a special plastic cord that comes with the station. To do this, use a building hair dryer. At the same stage, the septic tank is connected to the power cable and compressor equipment is installed.
Step 8. Prepare a ditch for a pipe that already drains waste after cleaning into a receiving tank, pond, filtration well and other discharge points. A pipe is laid at an angle in it, if the removal of water is planned to be carried out by gravity. For forced evacuation of the liquid in the slope is not necessary. The outlet pipeline is connected to the septic tank, all connections must be tight.
Step 9. Fill the septic tank with sand or a mixture of cement and sand. At the same time, clean water is poured into the tank itself, its level should be 15-20 cm higher than the backfill level. Every 20-30 cm, the backfill is carefully rammed manually. The space between the top 30 cm of the septic tank and the foundation pit is filled with fertile soil and the turf is laid back around to restore the landscape.
Note! The sand in the backfill must be unsifted so that during the freezing of the soil, large particles do not damage the walls of the septic tank.
Step 10. Ditches are filled up with inlet and outlet pipes laid in them.
Rules for operation and maintenance
After installing all the constituent elements of the Topas cleaning system, start-up work is carried out. For the first time, it is better to leave this procedure to professionals, watching their work.
Note! It takes about three weeks to form the required biomass of activated sludge. To speed up this process, you can add ready-made river silt to the septic tank.
Ongoing maintenance includes the following activities.
Note! Stabilizer sludge is a good fertilizer for your green spaces.
The comprehensive service also includes cleaning the coarse fraction filter and checking the float mechanism of the first chamber, which is responsible for turning the compressor on and off. For revision, you just need to forcefully raise and release the float and see how the compressor works.
It is also important to clean the pumping equipment compartment, after removing the compressors from there, rinse all hoses and pipes.
Note! Front reverse installation compressors, it is necessary to thoroughly wipe their compartment dry.
After completing all the cleaning procedures and installing the equipment in place, it is necessary to fill the septic tank clean water by two thirds. You can proceed to further operation.
Otherwise, the Topas septic tank works effectively offline.
Video - The principle of operation of the septic tank "Topas"
If until relatively recently the problem with wastewater treatment for country houses was quite difficult to solve, today it is no longer even considered a problem. Previously had to do cesspools, home-made cleaning systems and constantly use the services of a sewage machine. Today you can install a septic tank and no longer suffer from sewage treatment.
There are many types of such cleaning systems on the market. One of them is Topas. It is about them, or rather, about how to perform the installation, and will be discussed in the article.
A little about the product itself
Topas series septic tanks have four compartments assembled into a single body. This design makes it easier to install the unit. Each compartment performs its specific function of wastewater treatment. The internal structure can be seen by opening the lid. If you are interested, you can watch a detailed video.
All drains from the sewer pipes enter the first chamber. Large fractions are cleaned in it, they simply settle to the bottom. When filling the chamber to a certain level, the installed float turns on the automation. After that, the pump begins to pump liquid into the second chamber.
The second compartment plays the role of an aeration tank. Bacteria live, multiply and feed here. They break down large fractions of pollutants (which passed through the first chamber) and destroy organic matter.
In this compartment, silt, which forms at the bottom, plays an important role. It retains water and allows bacteria to better cope with their tasks. To make the cleaning process more active, the compressor constantly supplies fresh air, while mixing the drains and sludge.
The liquid then enters the third section. Its principle of operation is very simple, already treated effluents go through a kind of pyramid. Here the purified liquid is separated from the sludge residues. As a result, the output is almost pure water. Large sludge settles at the bottom, while smaller and fresher returns to the second chamber for further work. In the last, fourth, chamber, the final purification of water takes place.
Septic tanks of the Topas series should work constantly. If there is a big break in the flow of sewage, then the efficiency of work will drop sharply. The fact is that bacteria need to constantly eat. If there is no sewage, the microorganisms will have nothing to eat, and they will simply die. Therefore, Topas septic tanks are best installed in houses with permanent residents.
When operating the system, the reset rules must be followed. So, they should not get into the sewer (so as not to harm the colonies of microorganisms or clog the insides of the device):
- sand and construction debris;
- rubber, polymer and other products that are not processed by microorganisms;
- oxidizing agents, drugs and substances containing chlorine;
- automotive oils;
- spoiled vegetables.
Everything else, including powder, soap, and detergents can be safely poured into the sewer.
Septic tank operation
Topas can serve up to fifty years, but on condition correct installation and operation. The most important thing is to follow the recommendations on substances allowed for discharge into the sewer. If this is not done, then the colony of microorganisms will die. This means that wastewater treatment will not occur.
In addition, the maintenance of the Topas septic tank consists in carrying out periodic events. Namely:
- Clean the deep filter monthly.
- The membrane needs to be replaced every two years.
- Once every four years, pump out the accumulated sludge. This can be done using deep pump. Silt is an excellent fertilizer, so it can be pumped directly to the garden.
- Once every ten years, carry out a complete cleaning with the replacement of the aerator.
Mounting the device
Now let's talk about how to install a Topas septic tank. There is nothing complicated in this and everything can be done independently. The only thing that will have to invite assistants when lowering the device into the pit.
Installation starts with finding a suitable location. Here you need to consider the following facts:
- The location should be close to home. According to the enclosed instructions, the minimum distance from the installation site to the main building is five meters.
- When choosing a place, try to ensure that the sewer pipes, leaving the house, go straight to the septic tank. Excessive bends and turns can contribute to the formation of blockages, which means additional cleaning work.
- There should be no heavy vegetation around the installation site. The roots of trees and large bushes can damage the hull.
- It is also worth knowing the depth of soil freezing in your area. This will determine at what distance from the surface the sewer pipes and the cleaning device itself can be laid.
- If ground water are close to the surface, then the bottom of the pit must be reinforced with a concrete slab or a sand-cement screed.
If we have decided on a place, then we proceed to dig a pit. Its dimensions will depend on the selected model. As a rule, such devices are relatively compact, so digging a pit can be done manually.
When carrying out earthworks, one should not forget about the necessary gaps between the walls of the pit and the body of the septic tank. They are needed for further filling the device with soil. Such gaps should be at least 20 cm. Also, the depth of the pit should be made larger for the construction of a sand cushion. If groundwater comes close to the surface, then the depth is made taking into account the installation of a concrete slab or sand-cement screed.
After the foundation pit is ready, its foundation is made. The sand cushion should be at least 15 cm. Also try to make sure that the upper part of the body protrudes above the ground. This is necessary so that the spring meltwater does not flood the equipment of the device.
After equipping the base, lower the septic tank into the pit. This can be done manually with the assistance of an assistant. To do this, use the cables threaded through special holes in the stiffeners of the structure.
The next step is to connect the septic tank to communications. The first step is to connect the sewer pipe. First you need to dig trenches for pipes and lay the pipeline itself.
When laying sewer pipes, do not forget about the slope. It should go from the house to the septic tank and be 1-2 cm per linear meter. The depth of laying pipes will depend on the depth of soil freezing. As a rule, it is from 70 to 80 cm.
Before starting connection work, the Topas housing must be leveled using a building level. Only in a strictly horizontal position will the device work more efficiently.
To connect the sewer pipe, a hole of the required diameter is made in the housing. Everything must be done according to the attached instructions. Then a pipe is welded to the hole, it is advisable to do this using a polypropylene cord and a building hair dryer. After the connection has cooled down, a sewer pipe is inserted into the pipe.
Now it's time to connect the electrical cable. It must be carried out from the shield in the house with a connection to a separate machine. The cable itself is placed in corrugated pipe and can be placed in the same trench as sewer pipes. Electricity is connected to a special hole with terminals on the body of the septic tank.
After connecting the power supply and sewer pipes, the body is covered with soil. This must be done gradually, in layers of 15–20 cm. At the same time, water is poured into the container to equalize the pressure. The water level should be slightly above the fill level.
If the level of soil freezing is quite large, it is possible to insulate the septic tank. This is done before backfilling with soil. As a heater, you can use any thermal insulation material intended for laying in the ground.
This completes the installation of the Topas septic tank. If everything is done correctly and taking into account the recommendations set out in the instructions for the product, the device will last for decades.
Video
This video shows how the Topas autonomous sewage system is installed:
The TOPAS septic tank is a unique offer for modern market, which allows to radically solve the problem of accumulation and treatment of wastewater at any type of objects, regardless of their location and remoteness from centralized sewer systems.
Autonomous sewage - a compact and fairly easy-to-use device that allows you to clean wastewater up to 98%. Drinking and using such water for cooking, of course, is impossible. However, recycled water becomes transparent, has no odor and is absolutely harmless to the environment. Moreover, by attaching a special storage tank to the septic tank, it is possible to ensure the secondary use of water: for watering plants, washing fences, garden furniture etc.
Model Selection Rules
Before planning and carrying out the installation of a TOPAS septic tank, it is necessary to decide on the choice of a specific model. Our company - "Topol-Eco" for the most complete satisfaction of consumer needs, has developed and organized a highly efficient production various kinds septic tank.
The choice of a septic tank model suitable for the parameters must be carried out according to the following main criteria:
- The number of people permanently residing in the house (dacha, boarding house, etc.).
- The maximum volume of wastewater treatment.
- Limiting value of volley discharge of water (with simultaneous use of a bath, shower, sinks, etc.).
- Ground water level.
So, for example, for installation in a country house, sewage equipment designed for use by up to 5 people inclusive, installation of TOPAS 5 is suitable.
If the house is designed for 8 people, it is equipped, for example, with 2 shower cabins, a washing machine, dishwasher etc. - the best choice- installation of a TOPAS 8 septic tank. In just 2 hours, such a station is able to receive and process up to 440 liters. drains.
It is preferable to choose Topas 10 if the estimated value of wastewater treatment within 2 hours should reach 760 liters. As a rule, this is a house with 10 living people. It is possible to combine the system and the septic tank Topas installation of the tenth series, with the organization autonomous sewerage for 2 houses located side by side.
If you have a high level of groundwater in your area, then you need to choose devices marked "PR"
Topas professional installation is a guarantee of reliability and durability of the system
Installing a Topas septic tank is a relatively simple job. The main thing is that when installing and commissioning the system, all technological subtleties, design features, as well as requirements:
- SanPin (2.1.5.980-00)
- SNiP (2.04.03-85)
- other regulatory documents.
When installing Topas, it is important to strictly observe the technological chain of sequential operations. Main stages:
- Decide on the place of installation.
- We are preparing a pit, the size of which should ensure the free installation of the septic tank body and the possibility of fixing it.
- We carry out the installation of a system of sewer pipes laid from the building to the septic tank.
- We bring power supply, cables to ensure reliable operation of the treatment plant.
- We install the septic tank in a regular place, we dock all structural elements. We check the tightness of the system.
- We fine-tune the operation of the septic tank, after which the object, ready for operation, is transferred to the customer.
The preparation of the pit begins with the selection of a site. This must be done in accordance with the requirements of sanitary standards. As a rule, installation is planned in one of the most distant corners of the site from the buildings. There should not be a well, a pond, or other bodies of water nearby. It is necessary to tear off the pit, taking into account the overall dimensions of the treatment plant. For convenience of work during installation and connection, it is necessary to provide an extension of 20-40 cm on each side. A soft sand cushion is laid at the bottom of the pit, the layer thickness is 15-20 cm.
Works are carried out with the help of special winches or lifting equipment. Light models of the septic tank Topas (5 and 8) installation can also be done manually.
Further, the supply and fixing of sewer pipes is carried out. The standard diameter is 110 mm, as a rule, it should be used. Pipes are connected to the septic tank at a depth of 70-80 cm. If, due to difficult soil, high water levels, the Long model is used, the insertion depth will be at the level of 120-140 cm.
Trust installation only to professionals
The specialists of our company are ready to install the Topas septic tank quickly, efficiently and inexpensively. Each client will be guaranteed the perfect quality of the equipment, provided the possibility of long-term flawless operation.
You can apply for the provision of the corresponding service directly on the company's website, or by calling. Depending on the goals and objectives to be solved, financial capabilities and other conditions, the Topas septic tank can be installed in the following options:
- Standard installation.
- Installation chief.
- Installation of Topas "turnkey".
Maintenance features
The Topas septic tank is a reliable, highly efficient treatment plant. It is able to work for a long time and process wastewater with high quality. Its maintenance, contrary to expectations, is simple, consists in periodic inspection, periodic pumping of excess sludge, removal of particles that cannot be processed.
The best solution when organizing maintenance is to contact specialized service centers. StroyRemService LLC has created all the necessary conditions for work of any degree of complexity, high-quality and inexpensive maintenance of septic tanks.
Our advantages
The company has created ideal conditions that allow performing work of any complexity at the highest professional level:
- selected highly qualified personnel,
- all our specialists have extensive practical experience in the installation and connection of septic tanks of various sizes;
- all equipment, professional tools, special equipment,
- the technology of production of works is clearly developed, strict quality control is carried out.
We issue a quality certificate to each client - this is a guarantee of reliability and impeccability of the installation performed.
We never overestimate the strictly fixed cost of the service provided. On the contrary, if possible and appropriate, the installation of a septic tank will be organized in such a way as to make it the most profitable and affordable for the company's customers.
Contact the professionals!
Water drainage schemes
Before proceeding with the installation of topas, you need to select the model of the station. It is up to you to mount Topas with your own hands, hire guest workers or order everything on a turnkey basis. Calculate how much it will cost installation work separately and take into account the risks of unqualified installation and the absence of guarantees. VEGA has been on the market since 2009 and has the necessary qualifications and experience. Field specialists of the company will help you decide on the model and installation location of Topas.
Install Topas on the site
Greater freedom in choosing the installation location of Topas is provided by the absence of smell and noise during its operation, as well as the need for a sewer truck to drive up. But there are factors to consider. First of all, these are the standards that determine the distance from the septic tank to the boundaries of the site, neighbor's house and water supply sources. If your site is located in SNT, then according to SP 53.13330.2011, the distances from Topas should be at least:
- 1 m from site boundaries,
- 8 m from neighbor's house,
- 8 m from a neighbor's well or well.
If the site is in a village or town (IZHS), then SP 42.13330.2011 these distances must be at least:
- 1 m from the border of the site,
- 12 m from neighbor's house,
- 25 m from public well.
Taking into account regulatory restrictions, we choose the Topas installation site so that the pipeline discharging purified water is as short as possible. In order to avoid freezing of the pipe, it is advisable to observe this rule both in forced models and in gravity ones. Another limiting factor is the proximity of the passage or parking of the car "on the ground", that is, without concreting and curbs. A driver close to the Topas passage may not notice and run into the cover. Driving nearby, a car can, by driving its wheel into a sandy dump, push through the wall of the station. Having chosen the installation site, proceed to the installation.
The Topas septic tank, which can be installed without much difficulty on your own, is a popular sewage treatment station. Such a system is produced by the domestic manufacturer Topol-Eco.
More recently, biological wastewater treatment seemed to us something fantastic and unrealizable. But modern man nothing will surprise you. A striking example of this is the innovative Topas septic tank, which, through microorganisms, performs effective and guaranteed high-quality wastewater treatment, as well as their processing into sludge.
The main advantage of this device is its absolute environmental safety. The principle of operation of the septic tank is such that the environment is not polluted during its operation. The device of the described cleaning device is thought out to the smallest detail. All its elements are arranged in a single body. Due to this, the installation of Topas can be done by hand. The design of the septic tank includes 4 compartments:
- Connected to sewer pipes receiving camera. It accumulates sewage up to a certain level. As soon as the volume of wastewater exceeds it, a special float-type switch sends a command to the purifier compressor. It turns on, opens the next compartment, where sewage flows. Between the first two chambers, several filters are installed that stop the hair and produce a rough cleaning of the drains. Large particles settle to the bottom of the compartment.
- Aerotank. Wastewater enters this chamber, which is slightly filtered when it enters from the first compartment. It is in the aerotank that microorganisms live. They begin to eat sewage and destroy large particles of household waste. As a result, organic matter completely disappears from the water. An important condition for the active life of bacteria is the presence of oxygen in the second chamber. It is supplied there by a compressor unit. The incoming oxygen guarantees the movement of waste water and ensures that it mixes with the sludge. The latter acts as a filter. It binds foreign impurities and bodies, solid particles that penetrate Topas along with dirty water.
- Secondary sump. Further, the drains enter this chamber, inside which a special pyramid is installed. Water, along with sludge, is fed into it by means of an airlift. The principle of operation of the septic tank assumes that in the second sump, the wastewater is separated into sludge and water. At the same time, a special compartment device allows light fresh sludge to return to the receiving chamber. The old silt and all the components that are in it in a bound state remain at the bottom.
- Compartment for the purified liquid. Through the upper part of the pyramid of the second chamber, the water that has undergone aerobic treatment enters this compartment. It builds up to a predetermined level. And then it leaves the septic tank through a special hole.
Environmentally friendly septic tank "Topaz"
As you can see, the principle of operation and the device of the treatment plant are quite simple. Such an installation provides 95–97% wastewater treatment. As a result of the activity of aerobic bacteria, clean water comes out of the septic tank, suitable for various technical needs and excellent fertilizers in the form of sludge for the garden. Agree, the system is ideal for country houses and plots.
Note that the described result can be obtained only if the installation of the Topas septic tank is carried out correctly and clearly according to the instructions. In addition, its device involves regular maintenance of the treatment plant.
The principle of operation of the septic tank assumes that microorganisms will constantly receive raw materials for their life. Therefore, Topas should be operated without long breaks. This means that its installation is optimal for dwellings where people are constantly (or regularly come there for the weekend).
The next nuance. Microorganisms are able to eat and decompose far from all the waste that residents of city apartments have a habit of pouring down the toilet. To ensure the normal functioning of bacteria, you must take care of them. proper nutrition. Make it simple. Do not pour the following substances into the Topas septic tank:
- rotting vegetable and fruit products, as it can cause the death of microorganisms;
- acid and chlorine compounds;
- technical liquids and oils;
- drugs and alkaline compounds.
Also, the principle of operation of the cleaning structure prohibits the discharge of various objects and elements into it, which by their nature are insoluble. These include plastic films and bags, household and technical waste, waste building materials. Such items can clog compressor units and purifier compartments and disable the entire structure. And bacteria do not feed on inorganic compounds.
The principle of operation of the cleaning structure
The Topas system is available in different variations. Various Models septic tanks are designed for a certain volume of wastewater in one day. It is strictly forbidden to exceed the recommended amount of drains! You need to choose the model that suits your case.
But from an operational and technical point of view, all septic tanks under the Topas brand are the same. We have already considered the principle of their operation, and now we highlight the unique characteristics of such units:
- no noise during operation;
- compact dimensions;
- high efficiency of effluent decomposition;
- lack of unpleasant odors due to the complete tightness of the installation;
- automated operation of a septic tank;
- minimum electricity consumption.
Do-it-yourself cleaner maintenance involves the following steps:
- coarse filter cleaning (every 30 days);
- removal of sludge from the septic tank using a drainage pump (every three months);
- installation of new membranes in the compressor (every 2-3 years).
In addition, every 10 years, the treatment plant requires the replacement of aerators and thorough cleaning. Both of these operations are performed by hand, there is no need to call specialists.
Do-it-yourself installation of a treatment plant is carried out in several stages. First you need to properly prepare the place where Topas will be installed. According to SES standards, it should be located at a distance of 5 meters from a residential building (at least).
In the selected area, you will need to dig a pit. The geometric parameters of the pit depend on the size of the septic tank. The instructions for it clearly indicate what the height, width and depth of the pit should be. For example, for Topas-5, which is popular among household consumers, they dig a hole with dimensions of 180x180x240 cm. Then you need to do it, and equip a pillow from at the bottom of the pit. The height of the latter is about 15 cm. It is these extra centimeters above the soil surface that the cleaning structure will rise. This is done for a reason, but to facilitate the maintenance of Topas and to protect it from possible ingress of water into the system during the spring snowmelt.
Note! If in your area the groundwater lies very close to the surface, it is advisable to buy a PR model septic tank.
Installation of a septic tank model PR
It has a device (built-in type pump) for the removal of treated effluents according to a forced scheme. We continue the installation of the structure with our own hands. We thread the rope through the holes on the side of the septic tank and carefully lower it into the prepared hole. After that, you need to equip the supply sewer system to the cleaner. It is recommended to use polyethylene pipes for these purposes. low pressure(PND).
In relation to the upper level of the soil, the pipe is cut into Topas at a depth of about 75 cm. Do not forget to set the required slope to the pipe:
- 3 cm per meter for products with a cross section of 5 cm;
- 1.5–2 cm for 10 cm pipes.
Next, we drill a hole in the body of the septic tank into which the pipe will be inserted. It is optimal to perform such an operation with an adjustable crown. The described cleaning stations are supplied with a cord made of polypropylene. It is necessary for soldering a pipe placed in the hole to it. The connection of these elements is carried out using a nozzle on a building hair dryer. The sewer pipe is connected to the pipe only after it is securely fixed.
The installation of the station is, in fact, completed. Now it needs to be connected to a power source. A corrugated pipe is brought to it, into which a PVA wire 3x1.5 mm is placed. This electrical cable is connected to the terminals on the septic tank through a specially made factory input. And in the home, the cord is connected to the switchboard. It is desirable to connect the wire through a separate 16 A machine.
The final work on the installation of the cleaning station is the adjustment of the load on its external parts during sprinkling. The procedure is performed like this:
- pour water into the septic tank (about a third of its volume);
- at the same time backfilling the structure (also by a third);
- fill with water again and backfill.
The operation ends when the entire station is deepened into the ground to a given level. The septic tank is ready for use!
