To increase the efficiency and increase the operating life of the heating system, professionals recommend installing heating in a private house with their own hands using polypropylene pipes. Already after a year of operation, the efficiency of their metal counterparts decreases, all because at elevated temperatures these pipes begin to rust from the inside.
Advantages of a polypropylene heating system
This heating scheme is characterized by a lot of advantages, among which it is worth highlighting the following:
Disadvantages of polypropylene products
It is very important to buy only from trusted manufacturers, since their shortcomings directly depend on the use of low-quality raw materials, as well as violations of production technology.
for heating, types and do-it-yourself installation
Currently, the construction market offers huge selection polypropylene products. However, before you buy them, you need to understand their properties and markings.
Pipes PN-10
These products have an outer diameter of 20-110 mm, an inner diameter of 16.2-90 mm. For the manufacture of such pipes, thin-walled polypropylene (1.9-10 mm thick) is used, which is designed for temperatures in the system up to 20 ° C and operating pressure not higher than 1 MPa, so it is not used in heating systems.
Pipes PN-16
Their use is allowed at temperatures up to 80 ° C, but this type of pipe is very rare, and therefore they are almost never used.
Pipes PN-20
These products have an inner diameter of 10.6-73.2 mm, an outer diameter of 16-110 mm, and a wall thickness of 1.6-18.4 mm. These pipes are designed for temperatures up to 80 °C and operating pressures up to 2 MPa. This one is universal. However, in the heating system they can only be used in the return pipeline, and the water temperature should not be higher than that indicated earlier.
Pipes PN-25
This is the best option for doing the installation of heating in a private house with your own hands. The main distinguishing feature of these products is their multilayer implementation (two layers of plastic, between
which a layer of aluminum treated with glue is laid). The aluminum product has an outer diameter of 21.2-77.9 mm and an inner diameter of 13.5-50 mm. Such polypropylene functions in a heating system with an operating pressure of not more than 2.5 MPa and a temperature of up to 90 ° C.
The presence of an aluminum layer reduces the coefficient of expansion of the pipelines when the coolant passes through them. However, when choosing reinforced products, it is necessary to take into account its location. If the layer is placed closer to outside, this will complicate the soldering process, in connection with this, installing heating in a private house with your own hands in this case will require the purchase of additional equipment (a special trimmer or shiver).
Another variety is fiberglass-reinforced pipelines, they are similar in quality to products with a foil layer. However, the first type is characterized by a high rate of thermal expansion, but their installation is a little easier.
Pipe connection
For (diameter up to 63 mm) two main technologies are used:
- Socket soldering - one end of the coupling is inserted into the other, expanded specifically for this.
- Coupling welding - both ends are included in a special part (coupling).
A threaded connection can also be used; fittings equipped with a socket are used for its implementation.
Butt welding technology is used to connect pipelines (diameter more than 63 mm). In this case, the installation of couplings is not required, since this connection has a high reliability. If suitable fittings are available, socket welding can be used.
Heating system design
Before doing it yourself, you need to design it correctly.
If the heating installation is carried out in country house the boiler must be installed in a separate room. In the apartment it is allowed to place it in the kitchen or in the hallway. The room must be equipped with an exhaust system.
When planning the heating system, it is important to take into account that the return pipeline should not be lower than the supply to the boiler, otherwise the circulation will be somewhat difficult or completely impossible. To do this, you need to draw up a three-dimensional diagram of pipelines indicating heating devices, levels of passage of enclosing structures and angles of rotation.
It is worth noting that heating from poly propylene pipes do-it-yourself in a private house is much easier than any other system. According to the plan, the length of the pipeline, the number of connecting and rotary parts are calculated.
Mounting types
Installation of a system of polypropylene products can be carried out in two types:
- Top spill is gravity type which is caused by temperature difference. Such a system in private homes is the most common, as it is simple, reliable and does not require the installation of expensive pumping equipment.
- Bottom spill - the movement of the coolant along the heating circuit is carried out forcibly by means of a pump. The main advantage of such a system is the possibility of its use in multi-storey buildings. In addition, small diameter pipelines can be used, with this wiring configuration it does not matter.
Tools and equipment required for installation
To do the heating of a private house with your own hands (the system diagram must be drawn up in advance), you will need the following:
- Polypropylene pipes with various diameters(for supply to heating devices and the main circuit).
- Scissors for polypropylene.
- Electric soldering iron with a set of nozzles.
- A wall punch may be required.
- Marker.
- Roulette.
- Wall mounts (plastic clips or metal brackets).
- Couplings, corners, adapters.
Do-it-yourself heating in a private house: schemes, calculation and installation
The main point in the installation of a system of polypropylene pipes, on which special attention must be paid, is the connection of structural elements (pipes, fittings). For this, a special welding machine.
To install a polypropylene heating system, you must:
- First of all, you should draw a diagram of the location of the pipelines.
- Then the footage of polypropylene pipes is calculated. The calculation is carried out according to the scheme indicated in the previous paragraph.
- The length of pipelines in each individual section is calculated.
- Fittings of the required size are selected.
- Further, before you install the heating of a private house with your own hands (the scheme must be drawn up in advance), you need to purchase all the material and let it lie down at room temperature for about a day. This is required so that during installation and subsequent operation, cracks do not appear on the plastic as a result of sudden temperature changes.
- Cutting points are marked on pipelines.
- Cuts are made along the lines marked with a marker using special scissors.
- The soldering iron is placed on a horizontal surface, a fat-free nozzle is installed, equal to the diameter of the pipeline.
- The soldering tool heats up to 260 °C.
- Fittings and pipes are placed in the hole heating element. Then they are heated.
- The parts are removed and the pipe is inserted into the fitting. It is important that these parts are not cold during the connection process.
When water heating- in a private house, the scheme and installation by one's own hands are completely completed, before a full launch of the system, it is necessary to test it first. Pipelines for some time (at least two hours) are filled with water to detect problems and timely eliminate them.
Installation rules
Each person performing heating of a private wooden country house with your own hands, must adhere to the following rules:
To know how to properly install the heating of a private house with your own hands from A to Z, it is advisable to familiarize yourself with the following recommendations:
- Soldering of polyethylene pipelines is allowed only if the air temperature in the room is at least +5 °C. Otherwise, it will be completely impossible to achieve a perfect connection, and as a result, the heating system will fail too quickly.
- Before soldering, it is necessary to remove all existing dirt from the edges of the pipe. This can be done with a dry, clean rag. After that, the surface is wiped with alcohol, which is diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 1.
- The time of welding and cooling of pipelines is determined according to a special guide, depending on the diameter of the purchased products.
Conclusion
The heating system made of polypropylene pipelines today has become quite widespread among consumers due to its advantages, low cost, reliability and simplicity. Now you also know how to install a heating system with your own hands - from polypropylene products. This article helped you make sure that you can install this heating system, including pipe welding, on your own, without resorting to outside help at all. And most importantly, the use of such a system is possible not only in a one-story building, but also in apartment buildings.
In order for the pipeline connections to be reliable, installation work must not be carried out at an air temperature in the room below 5 ° C.
All components (pipes, fittings, valves) must not be contaminated or damaged.
Therefore, it is important to observe safety precautions when transporting and storing the material.
It is important to prevent open flame from reaching the material. Otherwise, pipes and fittings will be deformed and unusable.
If it is necessary to cross pipes, use special (triple, cross) fittings.
Where there should be a threaded connection, threaded fittings are arranged
It is unacceptable to cut threads on polypropylene pipes with your own hands.
For the density and tightness of the threaded connection, linen tow or FUM tape is used.
Materials and tools
Polypropylene pipes PN 10 are designed for cold water supply, PN 20 - for hot water with temperatures up to 80o.
Especially for heating in a private house with polypropylene, PN 25 pipes were developed, reinforced with aluminum foil and withstanding temperatures of 95 degrees.
Polypropylene pipes PN 25 have the following characteristics:
- Melting point - 150 degrees
- Maximum working pressure - 25 atm
- Density - 0.9 g / cu. cm
- Thermal expansion coefficient - 0.15 mm/mmC
- Thermal conductivity - 0.24 W/ms
- Outer diameter - 21.2 - 77.9 mm
- Inner diameter - 13.2 - 50 mm
- Wall thickness - 4 - 13.3 mm
The advantages of polypropylene pipes for heating are:
- Resistant to corrosion and scale deposits on the inner walls
- Pipes do not burst when water freezes
- Low cost
- Light weight
- Plastic
- Temperature resistance
- High level of sound insulation
- Long service life - up to 50 years
Disadvantages include low melting point and exposure to ultraviolet rays.
For the installation of polypropylene heating, the following special tools will be required:
- Soldering iron with a set of nozzles for connecting pipes
- Cutting scissors plastic pipes or roller pipe cutter
- Deburring and chamfering cutter
- foil shaver
Every home should have heating. However, summer houses are an exception. For example, frame garden houses, which are designed to relax in the hot season. Therefore, it is not worth installing a heating boiler, because. summer temperature itself will warm up such a house.
If you plan to relax only in the summer, then this garden house can be built by hand. Read about how to build such a wonderful building here.
Pipe selection
Before making a selection, you should carefully analyze the specifics of the room, determine the type of heating system, and also take into account the fact that certain skills and knowledge are required when installing a particular pipe fitting, think about whether you can do everything yourself or have to seek help from a specialist .
Types of polypropylene pipes: (1 - with aluminum reinforcement, 2 - with fiberglass reinforcement).
Manufacturers provide a wide range of products for installing heating from various materials: metal, metal-plastic, polypropylene, - each of which has its positive and negative sides.
Today the most popular and the best option both specialists and non-professionals recognize polypropylene pipes.
Metal pipeline products are the most expensive, subject to corrosion, which, accordingly, reduces the period of use, and there are certain difficulties in assembling.
Metal-plastic pipes are well known for their low cost and easy installation process, but they do not differ in strength and durability.
For heating and plumbing systems, the best option is polypropylene pipes, especially when doing do-it-yourself installation. It should be noted that, depending on the purpose of use (heating, hot or cold water supply), pipeline fittings differ significantly in technical specifications and is by no means interchangeable.
The wide scope of use of polypropylene pipes is justified by a large number of advantages: reliability and durability (up to a hundred years of operation); resistance to corrosion; resistance to chemical influence; protection from the sediment of mineral deposits; easy installation and subsequent repair.
And yet this material also has a drawback - low refractoriness.
To make a choice which polypropylene pipes are needed for the heating system, you should choose a diameter that does not affect the water pressure, but not too wide, since then you will have to overpay unreasonably.
Disadvantages and methods for their elimination
- The main disadvantage of polypropylene pipes is considered to be a large coefficient of expansion. At a coolant temperature of 100°C, 10 meters of the pipe lengthens up to 15 cm. This leads to deformation of the structure. In order to prevent damage, flexible supports are placed and compensation loops are made. Later, foil-reinforced pipes began to be used, which significantly reduced the expansion coefficient. Now the most practical pipes are reinforced with fiberglass: under the same conditions, they lengthen by only 1 cm.
- Polypropylene products, especially connecting elements, are inferior metal pipes in strength. It is not even correct to compare them: with strong impacts with hard objects, polypropylene is deformed and can collapse.
Heating system diagrams
Choose the optimal piping scheme for self-installation of polypropylene heating. In the future, you will receive recommendations for the connection. individual elements and place them according to the chosen plan.
Single pipe scheme
Single pipe scheme
The easiest way to equip the heating system. In accordance with this wiring method, each battery installed farther from the heating unit will be heated to a lower temperature than the previously installed battery.
This method makes it possible to reduce the consumption of materials for the arrangement of the heating system. However, the heating efficiency will be low because the temperature distribution with such a pipe layout is uneven.
In view of this, one should try to refrain from a single-pipe piping scheme.
Collector scheme
Collector scheme
More materials will have to be spent on arranging a heating system according to such a scheme, however, the main operational properties of such heating will be much higher.
The distribution of heat throughout the premises will be carried out fairly evenly and efficiently.
Two-pipe system
Two-pipe system
The most optimal method of arranging a heating system. Pipe laying is carried out in the floor or in the walls of the house along the perimeter. Two-pipe heating is best suited for heating a home. Therefore, experts recommend giving preference in favor of this particular piping option.
Advantages of polypropylene
Pipes and connectors
- the heating system made of polypropylene is not subject to corrosion;
- more reasonable price than metal counterparts;
- there are no reactions of exposure to acidic or alkaline media;
- no accumulation of deposits on internal surfaces;
- there are no significant changes in the temperature of the coolant, depending on the microclimate of the room, due to the low coefficient of thermal conductivity;
- the movement of the coolant is not accompanied by noise;
- due to the property of plasticity, it is possible to perform bends in the required places;
- coolant temperature drops do not affect the structure in any way;
- durability and ease of installation.
The main advantages of polypropylene pipes
If you list all the advantages of polypropylene pipes, then it is worth noting their high level of quality, as well as affordable cost. Heating systems created from these elements will regularly serve their owners for decades. The use of unique technologies in the manufacture of polypropylene pipes allows us to speak with full confidence about the high strength of products. 
Polypropylene pipes during operation are not susceptible to the negative effects of corrosion, and also perfectly resist mechanical stress from the outside. Dirt and impurities will not accumulate on the walls of the pipes. Therefore, the water will be clean and transparent for a long period of time.
As for installation, this is another advantage inherent in polypropylene pipes. Do-it-yourself installation of heating with polypropylene with your own hands will not be difficult.
Heating system planning
The main components of the system under consideration include the boiler, the pipes themselves, radiators (batteries) and fasteners.
Scheme for planning the heating of a private house.
Heating elements (or boilers) differ in types of fuel and characteristics. Their installation is recommended in a specially designated room (room, outbuilding) with good ventilation and a gas sensor. The boiler must be installed below or at the level of the lowest point of the heating system, in no case above.
It is necessary to develop a pipe installation project, including schemes in all rooms where the heating installation will be organized. If you are going with your own hands, you should remember that you will need additional accessories, such as corners and angles of rotation, couplings and various adapters. These points must be reflected in the project at each site where these details will be used according to the plan. In addition, the diagram should indicate the installation locations of the radiators and indicate the length of the pipes between them.
You should take care of fasteners for fastening pipes. Fasteners are selected in accordance with the type and diameter of pipes, the weight of radiators (batteries).
There are several options for installing a polypropylene heating system. First of all, systems with upper and lower spills are distinguished.
The first method involves the principle of gravity flow of water. In this case, there is no need to install a circulation pump, since the water will flow through the pipes on its own. This type of heating system is effective in cases of frequent power outages, when the use of a pump is excluded.
Heating systems with a bottom spill usually involve radiant wiring and the use of a pump that enhances the water pressure. In this case, it becomes possible to use pipes with a smaller diameter, which, accordingly, allows you to save a little.
The next classification option is the division into one- and two-pipe systems with side and bottom connections to radiators (batteries).
Existing types of polypropylene pipes and their characteristics
To date, manufacturers offer a wide range of polypropylene products. And before you buy pipes, you should understand their markings and properties.
There are several categories of such products:
- PN-20 - such products can have an outer / inner diameter of 16-110 mm and 10.6-73.2 mm, respectively; the thickness of their walls is 1.6-18.4 mm; they are designed for working pressure up to 2 MPa and temperature up to 80 0С. Despite the fact that this category is considered universal, these pipes in the heating system can only be used in the return pipeline, provided that the temperature of the coolant does not exceed the previously indicated value.
- PN-16 - can be used for pipelines with a coolant temperature of up to 80 0С, however, this variety is not common, and therefore is practically not used.
PN-10 - are produced with an inner diameter of 16.2-90 mm, outer - 20-110 mm; for such pipes, thin-walled polypropylene is used (its thickness can be 1.9-10 mm), designed for operating pressure in the system up to 1 MPa and temperatures up to 20 0С, therefore it is not used for heating systems.
PN-25 is the best option for heat supply, distinctive feature which is multi-layered (a pipe in cross section consists of two layers of plastic, between which a thin layer of aluminum treated with glue is laid). Manufactured reinforced products can have an inner/outer diameter of 13.5-50 mm and 21.2-77.9 mm, respectively, and a wall thickness of 4.0-13.3 mm. Such polypropylene is able to function in a system with a coolant temperature of up to 95 0C and an operating pressure of up to 2.5 MPa.
There is another variety: fiberglass reinforced pipes, which are similar in quality to products with a foil layer. However, the first type has a slightly higher coefficient of thermal expansion, but their installation is somewhat simpler (PN-25 category requires preliminary removal of the foil on the welded area if it is located close to the outer surface).
Picture 4 - Polypropylene pipes reinforced with fiberglass
Do-it-yourself installation
When installing heating from polypropylene pipes, it is initially necessary to calculate the laying schemes. With this installation, it is necessary to observe the slope level to the lowest point of the system, because a tap or drain valve is installed at this point. The length of the pipe sections must be calculated for each section of the communication. If the pipeline is divided into sectors that can be closed at any time separately, the operation of the communications system will become much safer. All installation tools and parts must be at room temperature, for which they must be brought into the room immediately before the installation process. This action is necessary to prevent cracking of the material during operation. Using a felt-tip pen, it is necessary to make marks according to the calculations of the measured pipe sections.
You need to cut polypropylene with your own hands evenly and perpendicular to the surface with special scissors or a pipe cutter, after which the cut edges of the pipe are treated with an alcohol solution, and the rest of the dirt is removed with a dry rag. A nozzle with an appropriate cross-sectional diameter is installed on the soldering iron, which must first be degreased, the apparatus is installed horizontally and heated to 260 ° C. Pre-prepared parts (pipe and fitting) are placed in the heater holes in a horizontal position, then the time is determined from the table and the parts are heated.
Then the parts are removed, the pipe is inserted into the fitting and a certain period of time is held for the elements to completely solidify, it is forbidden to twist the parts during the solidification process. This method of welding (soldering) parts is the most reliable and durable. Communication details must be dry and clean during soldering work, but if installation is carried out in a working (operating) system, then water must be drained from the heating systems. To conduct trial tests of the heating system, it is not worth purchasing water meters; devices showing the deaeration of pipes are quite enough.
Choosing a heating source
Before proceeding with the installation of a pipeline made of polypropylene, you should decide on the source of heating. This will affect general scheme heating systems and selection of additional elements.
Gas
It is considered a very economical and environmentally friendly type of fuel. However, it is appropriate to talk about efficiency only if the house is already gasified or at least located near the main gas pipeline. Otherwise, connecting to a remote network will cost the owner a round sum.
The best option for installing a gas-fired heating system is a modern wall-mounted gas boiler equipped with a set of necessary devices and protective mechanisms that ensure maximum automation of system control processes.
Another plus of this solution is the ability to abandon the chimney so familiar to private households. Modern gas boilers equipped with a closed combustion chamber, supplying oxygen and removing exhaust air from which is carried out by means of a thin tube.
Electricity
Another environmentally friendly way to heat a room, although more expensive than gas. To ensure the operation of the heating system, you will need a special boiler equipped with safety equipment, a coolant circulation pump (depending on the chosen scheme) and an expansion tank.
Solid fuel systems
differ more high temperature coolant at the outlet of the boiler, which imposes increased requirements for the organization of the security system.
Advantages of polypropylene. Material and tool
For heating, metal-plastic pipes are perfect.
Internal almost mirror and slippery surfaces interfere with various types of deposits. Price category this type of pipes is much lower than cast iron and metal counterparts. Polypropylene pipes are plastic; on the way of laying a heat main, you can make any turns and bends with your own hands. They react neutrally to almost any impact of an aggressive environment, are resistant to sudden temperature changes and are distinguished by excellent performance characteristics. In addition, heating from polypropylene pipes is distinguished by high soundproofing properties, water passes through the system almost silently. Long service life of heating on polypropylene, easy assembly and production from environmentally friendly materials are additional advantages.
In the climatic zone of the region where we live, it is advisable to insulate private houses. Such a solution will help save money during the winter heating season, and save the house from excess moisture. Do-it-yourself heating with polypropylene is subject to anyone who has minimal knowledge and experience in construction work.
Features of polypropylene pipes, pros and cons
In private houses, it is convenient to use a separate room for the boiler if it is planned to exhaust air through the chimney, that is, in a natural way, but only if the design of the boiler suggests such a solution. For houses and apartments, it is necessary to choose reinforced pipes made of polypropylene, which are made by reliable manufacturers.
The scheme by which circulation will be carried out must be selected from two possible options:
Experts suggest considering the option of a two-pipe system. With this scheme, pipes are laid along the perimeter in the walls of the house, or in the floor. You can plan and make such an option, both in a private house and in an apartment.
If the boiler is to be installed in a separate room, it is advisable to cover it from the inside with a refractory type material. This will protect against the spread of fire in an emergency. Also, in this room, all fire safety requirements must be met.
Step by step instructions for assembly and installation
For high-quality and proper installation, it is necessary to plan the layout of the wiring system, which must be relied upon during the workflow. Assembly work with pipes consists of several steps:
- Execution of the exact scheme.
- Calculate pipe sections of the required length, step by step for each section. After that, the type of suitable fitting is determined.
- You need to know the welding time of the pipes when they are connected. It depends on the diameter and type of pipe, you need to read about this in the instructions or check with the seller. Before work, bring the pipes indoors for some time to equalize their temperature indicators.
- It is convenient to mark the cut points with a marker.
- Regarding the surface, it is necessary to make perpendicular cuts with special scissors.
- The cut points are wiped with an alcohol solution, keep the pipe clean - use a dry rag.
- Choose a nozzle from the soldering machine that fits the diameter of the pipe to be installed. After degreasing it, place it horizontally and heat up to 256 degrees.
- The pipe with the fitting is placed in the heating holes, and after a certain period of time they are removed, the pipe is inserted into the connecting element of the fitting and held for a few seconds. Connections should not be subjected to mechanical stress until completely cooled.
Using this method, the remaining pipes of the entire network of the heating system are soldered. Do-it-yourself heating from polypropylene pipes must be strengthened with clips, then there will be no sagging pipes. The coolant for this material should not exceed 60 degrees Celsius.
Time delay for welding polypropylene pipes
| Pipe diameter size (mm) | Time (sec.) | Direct connection (sec.) | Cooling time (min.) |
| 1 — 25 | 5 — 7 | 4 | 2 |
| 32 — 50 | 8 – 18 | 6 | 4 |
| 63 | 24 | 8 | 6 |
| 75 | 30 | 10 | 8 |
For a clear and illustrative example, check out the video tutorial.
An acceptable price for materials and ease of installation work will help to equip a reliable heating system with your own hands. The proposed type of installation is considered the leader among similar ones. That's why it's so popular with owners country houses.
2018-02-18Reading time ≈ 12 minutes
Metal contours are losing their relevance every year - they are being forced out of polypropylene pipes, more profitable and convenient in a private house, but its scheme may be different. But the essence of the differences lies not at all in the number and size of heated rooms, but in the method of supply and return of the coolant, the principle of the location of radiators, and so on. You will learn about everything from the materials located below and on this page.
Polypropylene heating circuits
In order to choose a heating scheme, at a minimum, you need to know what it can be like in general and whether it is suitable in one case or another, that is, for your home. In addition, it is necessary to choose the right pipes for the circuit, which will be of different diameters in certain parts of the system.
About PPR pipes
Reinforced PPR pipe for heating and hot water in the context
The top photo shows a reinforced polypropylene pipe that should be used for mounting heating circuits, but instead of aluminum foil there may be fiberglass. Of course, each manufacturer will find many positive factors for one or another reinforcing material, but practice shows that they are no different in operation, so it doesn’t matter what you prefer. The main difference lies in the cross section, wall thickness and the location of the reinforcing layer (in the middle or closer to the surface). Below you will see "cold" (PN-10, PN-16) and "hot" (PN-20, PN-25) options with a description of their technical characteristics.
There are four levels of classification for polypropylene:
- PPR PN-10 – working temperature not higher than 45⁰C, working pressure up to 1 MPa. Designed for cold water, although it is used extremely rarely.
- PPR PN-16 - operating temperature not higher than 60⁰C, operating pressure up to 1.6 MPa. It is used for cold water in the civil and industrial sector.
- PPR PN-20 - working temperature is not higher than 90⁰C, working pressure is up to 2 MPa. Such a pipe is called universal and is used for cold water, hot water and heating.
- PPR PN-25 - operating temperature not higher than 95⁰C, operating pressure up to 2.5 MPa, can be used for any plumbing purposes, but 99% are used for heating.
Table of temperature conditions and pressure for PPR
Note to the table. Based on pressure, for autonomous heating suitable for any polypropylene pipes. But with an increase in the operating temperature, they become soft and bend. They are protected from deformation by aluminum or fiberglass reinforcement.
For PPR PN-25 welding, it is cleaned with a shiver
Forced circulation systems
Single pipe heating circuit with forced circulation
- Boiler with any energy source.
- Pipe for water discharge.
- expansion tank.
- Circulation pump on the return and / or inside the boiler.
- Tap.
- Coolant supply.
- Valves (faucets) Mayevsky.
- Heating appliances..
- Return of cold water.
- Ground wire.
- Uranus.
- Waterworks node.
- Cranes.
- Main pipe.
Vertical distribution with forced circulation
When the coolant is supplied by force and does not depend on the slope of the pipe, then it is possible to connect according to any principle, which are shown in the diagrams above. Install circulation pump it is possible on the return (return) separately from the boiler, if it is not there or simply the built-in pump cannot cope with pumping the coolant to the desired height or distance.
When more than three heaters are installed, it makes sense to have different pipe diameters on the circuit. As a rule, thicker pipes are installed on the supply, where the outer one is Ø25 mm or Ø32 mm, and the DN (internal nominal bore) is Ø15.6 mm or Ø16.2 mm, respectively. Horizontal PPRs and outlets to heating appliances are usually made with PPRs Ø20 mm and DN 13.2 mm. As an exception, metal-plastic can be used for bends, but taking into account reduction fittings, this will cost more and no better.
Is a one-pipe system cheaper than a two-pipe system?
Two-pipe connection diagrams
Two-pipe schemes, just like single-pipe ones, can have both natural and forced circulation of the coolant. In terms of efficiency, they practically do not differ from each other, but sometimes it may be that a two-tube will take less materials than a single-tube, if you calculate not by pipes, but by the number of fittings.
Distribution with natural circulation
Two-pipe circuit with natural circulation(bottom wiring)*
*Explanation to the scheme. Not drawn here expansion tank, but it must be here for sure and crash from the top point of the feed. Most often, the pipe with the largest diameter goes to the attic to the expander, and the lounger crashes into it.
The layout of the circuit with a lower coolant supply on a two-pipe system is, of course, permissible, but only if no more than 4-5 radiators are involved. In addition, this scheme is more suitable for one floor. The main problem of such a device is that if the constant slope is 3-5 mm / m linear, then there will be little pressure for the last points and the slope at the feed will have to be increased, but what will this result in? Let's say you have five radiators at a distance of 5 m from the boiler and from each other. If the slope is 5 mm / m linear, then the distance between the outlet at the boiler and the entrance to the last battery will be 5 * 5 * 5 \u003d 125 mm plus the width of four radiators (say, 500 mm each), which means that in general it will turn out 125 + 4 * 5 \u003d 145 mm, and this is a lot.
Top-wired systems are more suitable for natural circulation
Numbering on the image:
- Boiler on any fuel.
- Feed stand.
- Water supply circuit.
- Interfloor supply risers.
- Interfloor return risers.
- return circuit.
- expansion tank.
When the supply pipe passes above the heating appliances, the difference in slope of 15 cm and even more is not so terrible, besides, it is not at all necessary to mount the pipe directly above the radiators - this can be done under the ceiling and hidden in a box. But this top image is more about two-story house, so here the slope will not cause any inconvenience during installation at all.
Forced circulation wiring
two-pipe closed installation systems
In this case, it can be both with the top (it is quite rare), and with the bottom feed, as well as with the bottom, side or diagonal connection (the last option is the best). It is called closed for the reason that the expansion tank here is of a membrane type, where the coolant accumulates to a certain pressure, but if it exceeds the norm, then the safety valve is triggered. This design is advantageous, as the system is under pressure at all times, which improves circulation.
Collector closed installation system
The collector method of distributing the coolant will help save money due to the difference in pipe diameter, and this is most relevant for two-storey houses, where there are several large rooms on each level. From the boiler, it is possible to raise a riser Ø40 mm (large collector), and from it to separate floors Ø32 mm (small collectors), from which pipes Ø25 mm will go to each room. For return, it is better to use a pipe of average value Ø32 mm. However, a lot depends on the location and number of rooms, and a situation is quite possible where you have to get by with only a large collector.
Attention! When manifold wiring, the comb must be not only on the supply, but also on the return pipe!
Balancing valve with thumbwheel for adjusting the heating supply
When more than three or four heating devices are connected to the supply in one row, the performance of the last points is significantly reduced, therefore, it is necessary to somehow distribute the flow so that it is uniform. For this purpose, balancing valves are used, which are screwed into the radiator before the supply is diverted, and they are usually used only for the first points. Such devices can be adjusted with a lamb, as in the photo above, or with a hexagon (models are different).
Connecting heating devices according to the Tichelmann scheme
Most often, especially at long distances, although balancing valves help, they do not bring a 100% effect, that is, if the first radiator heats up, for example, to 60⁰C, then the last one in the circuit or in the wing of the circuit will gain no more than 40⁰C. To correct the status quo, you can do the wiring according to the Tichelman system - this is very simple and does not require any special effort. Look at the diagram above: the supply is on the left side, and the return is on the right, but at the same time, the first battery on the supply is the last on the coolant discharge, and the last on the supply is the first on the discharge. This way you can align temperature regime at all points, regardless of their location in the harness. I recommend watching the video on the three main connection methods and the Tichelman scheme as well.
Pipes, taps. fittings and fittings made of polypropylene
When one-pipe or two-pipe heating is made from polypropylene pipes, it will be correct if all taps, fittings and bypasses are also made of the same material, although in most of them, with the exception of couplings, tees and plugs, there is a brass alloy. But, nevertheless, PPR in this case is more reliable than metal - it is not afraid of sudden changes in temperature and water hammer, due to its relative elasticity.
PPR pipe is welded with a PPR tee
| Outer Ø, mm | Heating depth, mm | Heating time, sec | Maximum pause, sec | Joint retention, sec | Cooling, sec20 |
| 20 | 14 | 6-8 | 4 | 6 | 2 |
| 25 | 15 | 7-11 | 4 | 8 | 2 |
| 32 | 17 | 8-12 | 6 | 10 | 4 |
| 40 | 18 | 10-16 | 6 | 20 | 4 |
Table of depth and duration of welding of polypropylene joints
Explanation to the table. For example, to install radiators, you need Ø20 mm bends and in order to weld it with any PPR fitting, you need to heat up the soldering iron to 270-280⁰C. Put a fitting on the nozzle on one side, and on the other, insert the pipe, adhering to a depth of 14 mm (you can mark it with a pencil or marker), as shown in the photo above and hold for 6-8 seconds. After that, remove both heated sides and join them for no more than 4 seconds and hold them with your hands for 6 seconds, and after another 2 seconds you can start welding the next joint.
Welding PPR pipes with fittings
Conclusion
Using the heating schemes given in this article, you can weld a connection circuit from polypropylene pipes with your own hands. If you decide on self-assembly, be sure to mark the location of all heaters, count their number and then decide which option is best for you to use.
The correct use of modern components in construction helps to improve the economic and performance characteristics different engineering systems. Durable from can be done quickly and inexpensively. How to choose the best products and perform installation work without errors, described in this article.
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What are the advantages of propylene pipes and what disadvantages should be remembered
The exact price data is given in the corresponding section of the article. But it should be noted right away that polypropylene pipes are cheaper compared to the use of similar copper pipes. You also need to consider the following significant advantages:
- The low weight of polymer products simplifies handling and assembly operations. Installed system will not become too much load on the power frame of the building.
- Polypropylene is a chemically neutral compound. It does not pollute water and the environment, is not destroyed by corrosion.
- Standard products made of this material retain their integrity at a liquid temperature of +80°C or more. This is quite enough for the full functioning of individual heat supply systems.
- Scale particles do not linger on smooth inner walls. Their attachment also blocks the change in size with a decrease / increase in the temperature of the coolant.
- Such products are not damaged by mechanical impurities, electrochemical forms of corrosion.
- They are able to perform their functions for decades without clogging the working channels.
- Thick walls and special structure provide excellent insulating properties. Even at high pressure, made of polypropylene does not create a lot of noise. There is no condensation outside.
- The polymer pipe will retain its integrity after repeated cycles of freezing and thawing. This property is especially useful when equipping stand-alone properties, as it prevents accidents.
The development of a preliminary design is carried out taking into account general principles systems for a particular object. The use of installation of a single-pipe heating system with polypropylene pipes will save materials and labor resources. However, such solutions are rarely used these days. In a private house, it is more convenient to install several independent circuits to meet different needs.
The two-pipe method provides equal pressure in, which increases the accuracy of their work when equipped with the appropriate ones. In can be set, since it implies an operating mode with a relatively low temperature of the coolant.
Related article:
The long-term operation of the entire system and its efficiency completely depend on the correct selection of batteries. the analysis of individual models and characteristics of the equipment in this article will prompt.
A similar comprehensive assessment can be applied when considering a fluid transport system. Gravity water moves too slowly, you have to maintain optimal slope on long horizontal lines. In forced pressure, they increase, which will have to be taken into account when choosing pipes.
In the technical and economic part of a professional project, estimated costs are given, work operations are described. At this stage, you can make the necessary changes to the drawings and parts lists. After the final approval, a package of working design documentation is produced.
You can entrust its preparation to professionals, or do all the necessary actions yourself. In any case, you need to create a sketch and a list of components. But detailed description of these procedures is not included in the scope of one thematic article. Therefore, we will focus directly on the installation of heating from polypropylene pipes.
For determining right methods fastening, the following significant features should be noted. The table shows data on a linear change in the length of a pipeline section (10 m) with an increase in temperature by 45-55°C:
| Material | Elongation in mm |
| Cast iron | 5,1-5,3 |
| Stainless steel | 5,4-5,6 |
| Typical steel grade for zinc coated heating pipes | 5,7-6 |
| Copper | 8,3-8,7 |
| brass alloy | 9,3-9,6 |
| Polypropylene with aluminum reinforcement | 14-16 |
| Polypropylene with fiberglass reinforcement | 30,5-32 |
| PVC | 38-41 |
| Polypropylene | 62-67 |
| Polybutylene | 73-76 |
| Cross-linked polyethylene | 95-100 |
This information means the need to take into account changes in the linear dimensions of products during operation. When placing a pipeline with an outer diameter of up to 20-25 mm inside a thick concrete screed(distance to surfaces more than 3 cm) no additional measures are necessary. Otherwise, damping pads of suitable materials are used, special channels are created. When passing through the walls, embedded pipe sections are used to create a hole of sufficient diameter.
Proper wiring of polypropylene pipes in open areas is carried out using the following compensation schemes:
Important! For accurate calculations of these nodes, data on the linear expansion of polypropylene pipes are used, taking into account the actual operating temperature range.
Practical guide to soldering, installation work
| Photo | Proper installation of PP pipes. Description technological process with comments. |
 | It is necessary to purchase the necessary parts, prepare a flat work surface, special tools. |
 | The standard set includes a welding machine with a wide heating plate. The built-in allows you to maintain optimal temperature conditions with high accuracy. |
 | A heavy cross with long legs will securely fix the equipment on the table. |
 | It is necessary to check the compliance of the removable dies with the dimensions of the parts to be joined. |
 | A well-equipped standard set includes a building level, tape measure, and a special cutter. If these products are not available, you will have to purchase them separately. |
 | Before performing installation operations, cut off the excess parts of the pipes according to the previously applied markings. |
 | Make sure the surfaces to be welded are clean. |
 | The device is installed on a cross-shaped stand. |
 | Fix the plates. |
 | The regulator is set to the position corresponding to the instructions in the operating instructions and the recommendations of the pipe manufacturer. In this case: +260 °C. |
 | After that, the parts (pipe and) are inserted, taking into account different configurations of the dies. Products do not rotate during heating. The operation time depends on the diameter of the part to be joined. |
 | Next - the parts are removed from the dies, neatly connected. Alignment should not be violated, rotation should be excluded. The created connection is monolithic. It does not need to be serviced during its entire service life. |
When installing heating lines from polypropylene pipes with their own hands, the methods discussed above are used. In durable concrete, no additional measures are applied. In open areas and when passing through walls, thermal expansion is taken into account, compensators are used, and a sufficient distance is left to the nearest parts of the structures.
Here the master talks about the installation of polypropylene pipes with his own hands on the video:
Here, the use of such tools for cleaning foil before welding propylene pipes is considered in detail in the video: sent along the bypass (1). If the valves (3) are closed, the product can be dismantled for replacement or repair.
Via detailed instructions, photo and video materials is not too difficult to perform the necessary work operations without errors. However, any theoretical knowledge must be tested in practice. To gain the necessary skills, it is better to practice in advance. This will help create really reliable connections. Special care must be taken when installing the pipeline inside building structures where there is no free access.
In the comments to the article, ask questions, leave your comments, give examples of high-quality and defective products. Such communication will help eliminate erroneous actions, increase the likelihood of successful solution of practical problems.
