Do-it-yourself toilet in the country: step-by-step construction instructions. How to make the right toilet in the country with your own hands: drawings, dimensions, construction stages How to build a country toilet yourself

🔨 country toilet easy to do with your own hands, if you put some effort and effort. We have selected drawings with dimensions for popular country toilets that will last you for decades! Also in the article is waiting for you step by step photo instruction for the construction of a country toilet.

The most time-consuming step in the process of building a latrine will be digging a pit, but this work can also be done. The aesthetic side of the building is a secondary issue, the most important thing is to properly arrange a cesspool and create a reliable foundation for an above-ground structure.

It should be noted that some owners of suburban areas do not build a toilet according to the rules and manage with an ordinary bucket substituted under the toilet seat. But, one way or another, waste products need to be put somewhere, so you still can’t do without a capital pit. Therefore, it is better to do all the work correctly once and not return to this issue for many years. It is especially important to make a capital building if the residents spend a significant part of the year in the country.

When if if you don’t want to spoil the design of the territory of the site by installing it, then you can hide it in the far corner behind the house, or you can come up with a design for it that will help to organically fit the building into the landscape.

Choosing a place for a closet and its design

Usually the toilet is installed closer to the far boundary of the site, and this is understandable, since at least a slight smell will be present in or near this room. But sometimes they use another option, arranging a cesspool next to the house, and a free corner of the house is allocated for the toilet, bringing out a wide sewer pipe into the pit. This design is mainly used in cases where water is supplied to the house, and there are plans to install an insulated container for collecting waste.

In any case, you should adhere to the standards established by the sanitary and epidemiological services. They must be observed in order to protect yourself, neighbors and environment from undesirable consequences, such as infectious diseases or soil contamination.

If a cesspool is arranged, it must be located at a distance of at least 30 m from water sources, and its depth should not reach groundwater.
If a septic tank is installed, then it is located no closer than 15 m from the house.
If you plan to use an insulated container, which will be cleaned as it fills cesspool machine, then it can be installed anywhere, since the waste will not flow into the ground.

An isolated capacitance is also an option when ground water pass not too deep and the device cesspool dug in the ground is impossible.

Usually the pits of the simplest country toilet have an area of \u200b\u200babout one square meter. If the pit comes off round, then its diameter should be approximately 1 m. Its depth is 1.5-2 m, depending on the depth of groundwater.

After the place for the pit is determined, you can proceed to the choice of toilet design.

The first thing to consider is the weight of the structure - it will largely be determined by the material that is planned to be used for construction. The house itself should not be too heavy, because over time, the soil under its weight may begin to sag and, in the end, the building will deform and be damaged.

For construction, wooden bars and boards, or thin metal - galvanized profiles and corrugated board, are well suited.

If it is decided to build a toilet booth from logs or bricks, then you will have to think about a well-fortified foundation. But there is absolutely no need to build such heavy buildings, since they still will not become warmer than light buildings. It's better if it's necessary thermally insulate the room with heaters that are light in weight, for example, foam. Such a building will be both light and warm, not blown through during the cold season, and it will not be excessively hot in it in summer.

Having decided on the material, you can proceed to the size of the booth.

Typically, a standard toilet has a width of 1 m, a height of 2.3 m, and a room length of 1.3 ÷ 1.5 m. However, these dimensions are by no means a dogma and may well vary. In any case, the room should be comfortable for any family member to be in it, both standing and sitting.

What will be required to build a toilet

Having decided on the design and placement of the toilet, they acquire necessary materials for its construction. A wooden or metal "house" can be bought ready-made. If you decide to build it yourself, then you will need the following materials:

Boards and wooden blocks.
Fasteners - nails and screws.
Metal corners to reinforce the structure of the wooden frame.
Door handle, hook or latch to close the door.
Roof covering material - slate or corrugated board.
Plastic or wooden toilet seat with a lid.
At necessary - foamst for insulation of the booth, and material for inner lining insulated walls, chipboard, thin board or plywood.

For the device of the cesspool you will need:

Cement, crushed stone, sand.
Reinforcement to strengthen the foundation of the house.
A metal chain-link mesh for covering the pit and metal brackets or pins for attaching this mesh to the ground.

Another option, instead of a grid and plastering it with concrete, may be a brick, which is lined with the walls of the pit.

In addition, for the device of the pit, they often use those that have holes in the walls. Many summer residents prefer old rubber tires of large sizes.

Another, the most environmentally friendly option, can be ready-made capacity- septic. They are produced in different sizes, so you can choose the right one, depending on the number of family members and the length of the period of residence in the country.

Naturally, when building a country toilet, you can’t do without tools, so you need to have:

A hand drill that can help when digging a pit.
Shovel and bayonet shovel, with a length and a short handle.
If the soil in the area is rocky, you may need a rock drill.
Hammer and screwdriver.
Grinder - "Bulgarian" with discs for stone and metal.
Electric jigsaw.
Marking tool - ruler, tape measure, square, building level, pencil or marker.

Prices for popular septic tanks

Cesspool device

Toilet classification
by type of waste disposal

Of course, they always start with marking and digging a hole. It will have a square or round shape, depending on the design chosen.

1. If a two-chamber plastic septic tank will be installed, then the pit is dug in such a way that the inlet pipe is located directly in the toilet cubicle, since a toilet seat will be mounted on it. The neck of the second chamber should remain outside the room - it is needed for regular pumping of accumulated fecal matter.

There are tanks different shapes, and the dimensions and shape of the pit will depend on this. The size of the pit must be made 20-30 cm larger than the existing capacity, since the soil must be well compacted around it.

2. If the walls of the pit will be finished with concrete or brick, it can be made round or square.

After digging a hole of the required depth, at its bottom it is necessary to arrange drainage from large rubble, stones, fragments of bricks
Then, its walls are covered with a metal chain-link mesh with cells measuring 50 × 50 mm. The mesh is fixed by driving into the ground steel wire or pins.
To make the walls stronger, you can additionally reinforce the walls with a metal grate with large cells 100 × 100 mm.
Further, by the method of throwing, a concrete solution is applied to the walls, which is left until it dries completely. The total thickness of the concrete layer should be about 50 ÷ 80 mm.
After setting the first layer, the walls are plastered to a smooth state with the same concrete mortar. The plastered hole is left to dry.
The pit is covered with either a finished reinforced concrete slab, or made locally. It will serve as a foundation for the toilet and a platform around it.
Boards are laid on the pit, which should go beyond its limits by 700 ÷ 800 mm and be sunk into the ground to the same level with the ground. Boards must be treated with antiseptic agents. This wooden substrate under the foundation can be completely replaced with concrete columns.

Two holes are left on the surface for installing a toilet seat and for a cesspool, which should later be covered with a lid. Formwork is installed around future holes.
A dense polyethylene film is spread over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe future foundation.
Reinforcing mesh is laid on top of it, which is enclosed in formwork around the entire perimeter of the future foundation.

The height of the hole formwork must be the same as that of the entire foundation formwork. Formwork boards will serve as beacons when leveling the surface.
The concrete solution is mixed, poured onto the site, leveled and left to dry. For the durability and strength of the outer concrete layer, it is possible, after the initial setting, to “ironize” the wet surface with dry cement.

On the finished site after its full maturation, it will be possible to install a booth for the toilet. A hatch must be arranged on the hole intended for pumping out accumulated waste. You can buy it at the store or make your own. The hatch cover should be easy to open and close.

3. Another option would be a round pit with car tires laid in it. But it should be noted that this type of cesspool is not suitable for permanent use. Such a toilet can only be used in country conditions, when residents come only occasionally, for example, on weekends, otherwise the collected waste will often have to be pumped out.

For a cesspool of this type, a round pit is dug 150 ÷ 200 mm larger than the diameter of the existing tires.
A drainage layer with a thickness of 15–20 cm is laid at the bottom of the pit.
Then, tires are laid exactly in the middle of the pit. on the to the other to the ground.
Around the tires, as they are laid, drainage from crushed stone and sand is filled up and compacted. This process is carried out to the very top.
When the tires are fully stowed, a shallow hole can be arranged around the pit. strip foundation. To do this, a trench about 500 mm deep is dug around the perimeter of the future toilet, into which concrete will be poured.
trench bottom compacted and covered with a layer of sand of 50 ÷ 70 mm, which is also compacted and closed with a layer of crushed stone of the same thickness.
The waterproofing is made of dense polyethylene.
Then you can proceed in two ways:

– weld and install the reinforcing grid, mount the formwork 100 ÷ 150 mm high above ground level and then pour concrete mortar;

- lay out the foundation of brick, and then plaster it with cement.

After the mortar has hardened, the formwork is removed from the cement foundation, and the brick is leveled from above.
A roofing material is laid on its surface, which will separate concrete surface from wood.
On foundation or installed finished construction toilet, or it is being built independently.

For the convenience of the construction process, a wooden base-frame made of powerful bars is first fixed to the foundation, and other structural elements will be mounted on it, depending on the chosen building model.

4. It is impossible not to mention one more way to equip a cesspool - using metal barrels with a cut bottom. They are installed one on top of the other and in the same way as in the previous case. Around the resulting pipe is tamped gravel mix or a mixture of sand and gravel.

Cesspool of metal barrels - obviously will not last long

Prices for country toilets

country toilet

It would seem that the method is simple in execution, but it has much more disadvantages than advantages. metal barrels under aggressive influence both from the inside and outside, from the side of the ground, corrode very quickly, and such a toilet will last for a very short time.

Popular country toilet projects

Construction of a country toilet house

When both the pit and the site for installing the toilet room are ready, you can proceed to the installation of the house according to a pre-compiled scheme.

Toilet houses can have a wide variety of forms, for example, even in the form of a fabulous hut. The uninitiated will not immediately determine what kind of room it fits so perfectly into landscape design site. It is quite possible to do such a structure with your own hands, knowing the scheme of its assembly.

The photo shows an option partially made of logs, which give this building a decorative effect, mask the purpose of the building itself.

The original teremok - you will not immediately understand that this is a toilet

The diagram shows the basis of the building log cabin, only boards were used instead of logs. You can clearly see how the walls are assembled and the roof slopes rise. Allocated interior space and selected location toilet seat.

Approximate scheme "teremka"

The next step will be the roof lathing, roofing and wall cladding with the material chosen for this - it can be either wood or metal.

Such a house can either be installed on a cesspool, or used as a room for a dry closet.

Video: making a house - "teremka" for a country toilet

Another version of the structure of the toilet, which is called the "hut". In this case, the house is built in the form of a triangle, and its side walls are also a roof. The form is quite simple, so it will not be difficult to build a building.

Toilet - "hut"

This design is not only easy to build, but also convenient to use - it is stable at the base and quite spacious inside.

Installation of a toilet - "hut"

The presented figure shows the entire internal structure of the house, the installation location of the toilet seat and the method of lathing the roof walls. Sheathing of the front part of the building and the rear wall has begun. The “hut” house can be placed on an equipped cesspool, as in this case, or it can also be used as a room for a dry closet.

This form of the house can be called traditional, since most often it can be found on the plots. But even such a simple design can be decorated according to your preference.

For example, it was decided to make a toilet in this backyard territory under a Japanese house. This is evidenced by hieroglyphs written on a tablet hanging on chains, a Japanese lantern at the entrance, and even an additionally arranged roof. Besides, interior design the rooms are also designed in a common style.

A similar attitude to the design of the site suggests that even from such a structure as, you can make a small work of art if you make a little effort.

An approximate scheme for the construction of such a toilet is shown in the figure. It clearly shows the arrangement of a cesspool, the installation of a toilet structure and a hatch for cleaning on top of it. The design is quite simple in the device, and it is not difficult to build it. But in order for it to be reliable, it is necessary to achieve the rigidity of the ligaments of all parts among themselves.

The interior space of the toilet, arranged above the cesspool, in the process of building walls, may look like this. That is, the base bars are installed on the foundation, on which the frame of the future structure is fixed.

After the final finishing of the toilet from the inside, the room can have such a neat and cozy look.

If desired and opportunities can come up with another design for a country toilet, but do everything interior decoration need from warm materials. Not recommended for decoration ceramic tiles, since this is a very cold type of material, and besides this, in winter time the tile becomes also very slippery.

Video: several options for a country toilet device

dry closet

If there is no way to build a country toilet, or there is simply no desire to get involved with construction work, then you can use a dry closet. This option will save you from digging a hole and, possibly, from installing a house.

Dry closet - an excellent solution for country conditions

- this is an autonomous toilet that does not require a separate room or connection to branch communications

The dry closet consists of two compartments-chambers, the upper of which plays the role of a toilet, and the other serves for the biological processing of waste. In the second, lower chamber, there are active substances that decompose feces and turn them into a homogeneous, odorless mass. The action of the bioactive liquid for the decomposition of waste is enough for ten days, then the chamber is cleaned by pouring the contents into the central sewer or into the soil. The method of disposal will depend on which active substances will be used in the dry closet. These substances are T three types: composting, chemical and microorganic. Each of them is suitable for a certain type of dry closet.

For a composting dry closet, peat is used as an active substance. It has a high absorbency - for example, one kilogram of peat absorbs ten liters of liquid. The odorless compost obtained from active processes is perfect for fertilizing garden beds.

Usually, complete with such a dry closet, there are tons of ventilation pipes that remove unpleasant odors during processing.

Dry closet, the work of which is based on the application chemical substances, has an indicator that will indicate that the container needs to be cleaned. Waste processed in this way is discharged into the sewer in order to protect the environment. For such models, special substances with non-freezing properties are produced.
The third type of this useful device is a dry closet, in which microorganisms are involved in the processing of waste, turning them into compost. The resulting material is environmentally friendly and harmless to soil and animals, so it will not be ore to dispose of it.

Advantages and disadvantages of a dry closet

high levels of environmental safety;
ease of use;
lack of unpleasant odors;
affordable price;
durable material.

odor leakage is possible, installation in a ventilated area is required;
if the receiver tank is very dirty, you will have to wash it yourself.
in rooms with low temperatures, it is not possible to use a peat dry closet. From the cold, all processing processes stop, the contents of the lower reservoir freezes, as well as the peat itself. The problem is solved by transferring the dry closet to a warm room.

If desired, a bio-toilet can be installed in the most ordinary, self-built room, which is located in the yard, and on winter period- bring it into the house, taking a convenient corner for these needs.

Prices for a popular range of dry closets

Dry closets

Biological products for toilets

To help the owners of summer cottages with pit latrines on their territory, developed special means similar to those used in dry closets.

Before using the product, it is necessary to study the instructions, as the composition is poured or poured in parts. How to use such substances correctly can be found in the information on the package, since each agent is dosed differently. Such a substance is used, as a rule, very sparingly. For example, one package or a can of some funds is enough for a year for a cesspool with a volume of 3.5 ÷ 4 tons.

So, there are many ways to solve the problem of a country toilet - there is always the opportunity to choose one or another option.

The first building that appears on any lot is the toilet. We can somehow do without a house and a soul, but without this building - in any way. For many, a do-it-yourself toilet for a summer residence is the first building experience. It’s good that the structure is uncomplicated, so even without experience it’s easy to handle.

The very first building in the country is a toilet. Often this is the first experience of building with your own hands.

Although the country toilet is not the most complex building, there are many features. A clear action plan is indispensable. Let's write down the steps on how to build a toilet in the country:

Choose the type of toilet.
Determine the location on the construction site.
Decide on the size and materials for construction.
Start building.

Now about each point in more detail.

Without cesspool

For the most part, pitless toilets are built much easier and faster. In them, waste is collected in a sealed container, which is usually placed directly under the toilet seat. The difference lies in how the waste is recycled and the odor is neutralized. There are the following types:

The advantages of country toilets without a cesspool (also called dry) are significant:

The cons are big too:

Factory-made toilets are not that cheap.
It is necessary to change the container periodically.
It is necessary to monitor the availability of means of neutralization.

Norms for installing a toilet on the site

Most of the restrictions apply to pit latrines: possible contamination must be limited. The rules are:

The rest of the rules are valid for all types of toilets:

There must be at least 1 meter to the boundary of the site.
Doors should not open towards the adjacent area.
When choosing a location, the prevailing wind direction must be taken into account.

When choosing a place where you will build a toilet for a summer cottage with your own hands, pay attention not only to your own buildings and objects, but also to your neighbors. This will help to avoid friction with them and with the sanitation station.

If you are going to build a toilet with a cesspool, you must also add to all the listed requirements - the organization of an entrance for a sewage truck.

How to make a toilet in the country with your own hands

You have already gone through the first two steps: you have chosen the type of toilet and the place to install it. The next step is choosing the dimensions. It's not that hard to figure them out. They told how to choose the volume of the cesspool - 1.5 cubic meters is enough for 2-3 people, now about what size the toilet house should be. It all depends on your own desire and on the dimensions of the owners. In the standard version, toilets are made in the following sizes:

height - 220 cm;
width - 150 cm;
depth - 100 cm.

These dimensions are convenient for people with an average build. You can change them the way you like. There are no standards.

Houses for toilets are most often made of wood. But this is not the rule. He may be from sheet material type fiberboard, GVL, from flat slate, brick and any other building materials, profiled sheet metal even made of plastic.

A toilet in the country with their own hands is built from any material. This one is made of corrugated board

Most lovely roofing material for a country toilet - slate. The device is inexpensive soft roof from deposited materials. In general, you can use any available. It is attached to a solid crate, so there is not much difference.

Building a village toilet

The last stage is the actual construction. The procedure is determined by what type of toilet you will build. If with a cesspool, they make it first.

Cesspool for toilet

The procedure for construction is as follows:

In order not to mess with masonry and waterproofing, you can install a special plastic container- septic. They come in different sizes and designs - with one or two necks.

Septic tanks in the cesspool of the country toilet - and no problems with waterproofing

The pit is digging a little more sizes of the selected septic tank, the container is installed, covered with previously excavated soil. The device of such a cesspool is many times faster and more reliable.

Cabin for country toilet

Any toilet for a summer residence is installed in a small cabin-house. With your own hands, the easiest way is to make a rectangular structure with pitched roof: minimum time, costs and materials.

Cabin base - posts

First of all, you need to take care of the presence of the floor. It needs to be raised some distance above the ground. It is more convenient to do this with the help of columns folded in the corners of the building. It is hardly worth burying them to the depth of freezing of the soil, but it is necessary to bury them in the soil 20-30 cm below the fertile layer. They are usually built from bricks, rubble stone, they can be poured from concrete, etc. On such a basis, during heaving, the cabin will rise, but usually this does not lead to any serious damage: the structure is small.

As it turned out, it’s not so difficult to build a toilet for a summer residence with your own hands. Little time and cost is required. But in the process you will gain useful skills.

Having got used to city comfort, we try to make our country life comfortable. Agree, what kind of convenience can we talk about if there is no restroom on the territory? It is necessary to take care of the organization of a latrine even at the initial stage of arranging your land.

Having step-by-step construction instructions, building a toilet in the country with your own hands is not so difficult, it is more difficult to choose a place for it and a model that suits you best. But we will help you do it.

We will introduce the rules of arrangement and typical types of country toilets. In the article you will find step-by-step instructions with drawings that will help you build a full-fledged bathroom on the site. And to help the novice master, a video is attached to the article, clearly demonstrating the process of building a closet on the site.

The toilet is not a simple outbuilding. When constructing it, you need to remember some rules, the observance of which will help you not to spoil relations with your neighbors in the country and eliminate possible problems during the subsequent operation of the latrine.

Guided by the rules listed below, we will choose a suitable place for the future building.

It is important that the country toilet is located as far as possible from the water intake point, and if groundwater comes closer to the surface of the earth than 2.5 meters, a latrine with a cesspool cannot be installed at all.

The list of requirements for the remoteness of the toilet from other objects located on the site:

12 meters- to the house, as well as a barn or garage, in which there are underground structures such as a basement or cellar;
25-30 meters- to the source of water intake for drinking;
8 meters- to a bathhouse and a barn or garage without basement structures;
1 meter- to the fence.

Of course, all sites have individual characteristics that must also be taken into account. If the territory has a difficult terrain, then for the restroom you need to choose a flat area below the source drinking water. It is important that feces do not come into contact with groundwater.

If sewage needs to be periodically pumped out, it should be possible to drive a sewage truck to the place of work. Of course, you should take into account the wind rose of your area so that spicy smells do not annoy either you or others.

All these rules are easy to remember, because they are dictated by common sense. It is this approach that should be followed when choosing a structure that you will build on your own site.

Types of country toilets

The main feature that is used to classify outdoor toilets is the way the accumulated waste is disposed of. All the rest, including the construction material, are secondary.

Do-it-yourself country toilets are divided into two large categories: those that have in their design and those that do not have it.

Of course, the types of cabins mentioned below are far from a complete list, because there is also a fantasy, the flight of which cannot be limited. For example, here is a cabin-carriage in which a dry closet and a washbasin are installed.

Cabins for latrines can be bought ready-made or made independently.

They are divided into several types:

house;
hut;
hut;
birdhouse.

They differ from each other appearance, sizes, etc. Usually summer residents choose a booth that best suits their aesthetic perception.

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The construction of such a toilet, as a rule, does not cause any difficulties. In fact, the sewer complex in this case is represented by a booth and a deep pit. It is in it that the waste of the life of the inhabitants of the cottage comes. There they accumulate, evaporating or partially soaking into the ground.

When it comes to a toilet with a pit, the imagination immediately draws a building with a hole that you have to aim at, but after all, everything can be conceived and made much more modern and neat

Of course, to maintain the cesspool, it is still better to involve a sewage machine, with the help of which waste is removed and disposed of. The size of the pit, the number of users and the intensity of use of the latrine are factors that affect the frequency of calling vacuum trucks.

Sometimes the problem is not solved the best way: they simply fill up the cesspool, digging a new one nearby. This can only be done if the pit was shallow, and the groundwater is located no closer than 2.5 meters from the surface. As a rule, a fast-growing tree is planted over a filled container.

As for the part of the restroom that is located above the ground, a variety of materials can be used for its construction:

traditional wood;
metallic profile;
slate;
bricks, etc.

The durability of any of these structures depends on the strength of the frame, and ease of use - on thermal insulation and ventilation quality.

Option 1. Budget building made of wood

The obvious advantages of using wood for the construction of a latrine are the relative cheapness of this material and the simplicity of the work performed. The plank frame is quite simple to build. You don't need any special skills to do this job.

A brand new wooden latrine looks very elegant, especially if it is impregnated with a special protective compound for wood and varnished

In addition, the structure made of wood is lightweight, and hence mobility. If there is a need for a new cesspool, the above-ground structure does not have to be disassembled and reassembled in a new location. You can just move it gently.

There is another obvious advantage of a wooden toilet. If you use fantasy, then this building can become a real decoration of a summer cottage. It can be stylized as a fabulous house or teremok.

However, along with the advantages, wood has a whole list of disadvantages:

drying out, cracking and deformation under the influence of direct sunlight;
burnout from ultraviolet radiation;
deformation of the frame, mold and fungi - the result of the influence of high humidity.

We should not forget about wear and tear - the effect of time.

If this building is not looked after, then in just a few years it can turn into a wretched wreck from horror films.

Yes, an outdoor structure needs protection. To this end, the boards are treated with a primer, after which a special exterior paint or varnish is applied to their surface, which beautifully shows the specifics of the wood.

Option #2. Steel profile construction

There are several options for creating a simple and functional design from a metal profile, which differ from each other in the material used to manufacture the frame of the structure. In the first case, the frame will be wooden, and in the second - metal.

The metal frame can be welded, for example, from a corner. But, of course, to solve this problem, you need welding machine and the skills to use it.

At the next stage of work, the base is sheathed with a metal profile using self-tapping screws or rivets. When using self-tapping screws, protective washers should be used to prevent moisture from entering the attachment point.

Washers will protect structures from corrosion, and it will last longer. Protective properties are also possessed by a special coating applied to the sheets of the metal profile even in the process of its production.

It is better to place a metal profile structure in a shaded place, because in the heat the metal is very hot. Reduce the negative effects of overheating inner space foam sheets, which are used for the interior lining of the restroom, will help.

Option #3.Major brick bathroom

A brick building is indeed a capital structure. On the one hand, this is good: she is less exposed to negative external factors and will last a long time. But a capital structure, especially if it is, cannot be moved from place to place.

Therefore, it is necessary to think in advance and well not only the location of the toilet itself, but also the method of cleaning the pit under it.

The brick toilet looks monumental: pay attention to its concrete base. It cannot be moved, but it does not matter, because the choice of a place for it must have been well thought out.

It is advantageous to build such a structure in the case when the brick remains after the construction of the main cottage or garage. This, by the way, will give unity to the entire complex of buildings.

Please note that there must be a concrete floor between the above-ground structure with and the underground parts of the structure. The total cost of such a toilet will be decent.

Toilets without a pit

If in your area close to the surface lie rocky soils or there is a high level of groundwater, then the hole cannot be dug. How to make a toilet in such a country house? The way out of this situation is the construction of a structure that functions in accordance with other principles.

These restrooms include:

bio or chemical toilet;
powder closet;
play closet.

Each of these restrooms has its own design features that are worth talking about.

No. 1. Hygienic backlash closet

The German word "luft" means air. Backlash closets got their name because they have separate ventilation for the bathroom and cesspool. In this design, a pit dug in the ground is replaced by a sealed container.

Moreover, this storage tank for waste may be located outside the bathroom itself. As a rule, it is placed at the back wall of the main heated structure with a toilet.

In this particular case, the connecting pipe between the toilet seat and the tank is installed vertically so that waste can fall into the sealed tank by gravity

The storage tank and the toilet are connected by a pipe. If the toilet is located above the room with the tank, then the pipe is installed vertically.

For the tank located behind the wall, an inclined pipe is intended. Sewage must enter the drive under the influence of gravity - by gravity.

To maintain the backlash closet, you need to contact the vacuum trucks, which will periodically empty the drive. To facilitate their work, the sewage tank is given an elongated shape. Of course, this version of the toilet is more hygienic than those considered earlier.

Difficulties in the operation of the backlash closet arise in the cold season, when the drive has to be heated in order to clean it.

No. 2. Waste-free powder closet (peat toilet)

A distinctive feature of the powder closet is a small capacity, only 20 liters, which is placed directly under the toilet seat.

This type of restroom is considered the most effective in cases where the groundwater level at the location of the cottage is close to the surface and because of this excavation limited.

Landscaping a personal plot begins with the installation of a toilet. Having chosen a suitable place, you can begin to build this necessary element of country life.

How to make a toilet in the country? The most reliable and popular type of country convenience remains the classic latrine with a cesspool, but there are other options for toilet structures.

Types of country toilets

What kind of toilet to make in the country? Conventionally, street latrines can be divided into two types: with and without a cesspool. Dry closets and powder closets work without a cesspool.

Modern designers have developed many models in which there is no sewage pit. And what is better - a dry closet or a traditional cesspool? Waste cesspool - the most common and cheap way for the implementation of a street san node. Installing and maintaining a dry closet will not be cheap, but sometimes you can’t do without it.

Types of country toilet houses

In what cases it is impossible to install a latrine with a cesspool:

If the soil is shale or limestone
If the groundwater level is high
If the number of residents and guests is large

How to make a country toilet? To decide on the choice of the most successful sanitary and household building, you need to take into account the features of each design. So, latrines differ in the way they collect and dispose of waste:

dry closet
Powder closet
play closet
With cesspool

A powder closet is an alternative to a dry closet installed without a cesspool: instead of it, a container is placed for collecting sewage, which is periodically cleaned by hand. Dissolution of wastewater occurs due to the peat bog, one kilogram of which is able to process up to 10 liters of sewage, combining them into useful fertilizer.

We watch the video, various types of country closets:

A backlash closet is a combination of a home sanitary unit with a cesspool. If you want to install a lavatory of a similar design, you must take care in advance of the possibility of cleaning it with a cesspool machine. If this is not possible, then the backlash closet cannot be installed.

The ease of operation of a pit latrine is an advantage over a device without a drain installed. You will not need to take care of the periodic cleaning of the accumulated feces, you will not need to spend money on the maintenance of the toilet and purchase special solvents and absorbents. You can make a cesspool yourself, and install a toilet house above it.

How to make a cesspool

Stages of manufacturing a septic tank

How to make a country toilet correctly? When installing a restroom, certain sanitary and hygienic requirements must be observed:

Distance from the well - at least 20 meters;
The toilet is not installed in the center of the yard;
Distance from the border of the neighboring plot - at least one meter;
The design is installed taking into account the wind rose (to avoid the spread of smell);
Provide an entrance for the sewer truck.

To ensure that the septic tank meets all hygiene standards, consider the following:

The depth of the pit should be from two meters
The shape of the sewage pit is a square with sides of 1 meter or a rounded pit with an internal diameter of 2 meters (for reinforced concrete rings)

The most reliable type of sealing the cesspool will be. First, it will keep groundwater from being polluted. And secondly, it will save your crop from sewage. With the help of iron concrete rings a completely sealed sewer is obtained.

Watch a video on how to properly make a cesspool:

Gone is the strengthening of the sewage pit wooden planks or brick. Now, waste isolation is carried out using concrete rings and covering the bottom with a concrete screed. The only drawback of such a system is cleaning with a sewer machine. But if you do not appear in the country all the time, then the cost of cleansing will be negligible.

A popular method of installing a septic tank remains a drainage system. But it can be installed in case of a small flow. water resources family. Because with high water consumption, waste disposal will be difficult. disadvantage drainage system is also a constant smell in the yard due to the constant pollution of groundwater.

We watch a video tutorial, the arrangement of shambo:

The installation of the drainage system is similar to the above method, but a reinforced concrete slab is not installed on the bottom (or concrete screed), and sand and gravel (crushed stone) are poured:

Approximately 10 cm coarse sand
5 cm of small granite gravel

A coating made of thermally bonded geotextile is mounted on top. Keep in mind that the environmental police do not welcome such constructions.

Schemes of country septic tanks

After installing the cesspool, you can install a house for a septic tank. Which drawing of a country toilet to choose? A classic backyard toilet is a frame sheathed with building finishing material.

We make a septic tank with our own hands:

The frame of the house is attached to column foundation. To ensure waterproofing, a roofing material is laid between the foundation and the wooden box (frame). The popular "birdhouse" has changed original design hut house. The hut differs from the birdhouse not only in design, but also in the principles of structure.

Scheme Hut or Birdhouse

The birdhouse is designed with a sloping roof, sloping towards the rear wall. The scheme of a country toilet of the hut type is a triangular-shaped house with a gable roof. Advantages of a hut house over a birdhouse:

Septic tank won't rain
No supporting frame required
On the side you can place a container for peat or other materials

The peculiarity of the toilet house-hut is that gable roof are the side walls of the building. The drawing of a country toilet hut is simple and will not cause difficulties. Installation sequence:

Training

Put together a platform-floor and sew up with boards, leaving a hole. Coat the boards with an antifungal compound in two layers
Install the finished platform on the base
Put together the front and back walls, sheathe them with clapboard.

Construction assembly

The dimensions of a country toilet such as a hut are not large. Do not forget to install a transom under the roof for ventilation, which will also be triangular in shape.

We watch the video, assembling a closet for a summer cottage:

Roofing material for the Hut can serve as:

Decking
Slate
Galvanized corrugated sheets
Other materials

Build or buy

What is more profitable - to buy a ready-made model of a house or to build a hut-type country toilet according to the drawing on your own? If you doubt that you can handle the installation of a septic tank yourself - buy finished goods. But any owner of the dacha can make a house from a wooden base and sheathe it with clapboard.

For work you will need:

Hacksaw
Plane
Hammer
Screwdriver
self-tapping screws
Nails.

Having elementary skills in using this toolkit, you can build a house for a country toilet with your own hands.

Approximate consumption

Two edged boards (6 and 4 meters)
Floor board - 4 pieces of 6 meters
Lining 3 meters long - from two to four packs (depending on the inner lining)
Glassine - at least 4 m
Ruberoid - 1.5 meters
Sand - 2 buckets
Galvanized nails - 2 kg
Nails for lining (without hats) - 2 kg
Nails for slate - 20 pcs
Self-tapping screws - a handful
Slate - 2 sheets (8-wave)
Sheet of galvanized iron for a ridge - 1 piece
Door with fittings - 1 piece
Antifungal liquid

How to make a toilet suburban area? To keep your country toilet stable and not blown away by gusts of wind, securely fix the bottom of the building.
Install the structure about 20 centimeters above ground level.
Do not clad the building over the pit: install the floor and toilet seat first. After aside, build a frame, and transfer it to the finished base. You can't do this alone - you need the help of two more people.
Control the vertical and horizontal level at all stages of installation.
The door block must open outward, otherwise the entrance to the building will be difficult.
Take care of the light window so that you do not turn on the light during the day.
Between wooden frame and the stone base must be a waterproofing layer (roofing material).
If the walls are not sheathed with vinyl clapboard, they are painted with paint.
Do not forget to treat the wooden canvas with an antiseptic.

As you can see, build your own good septic tank easy in the yard. You only need to have the skills to use working tools and draw up a detailed drawing.

We do everything fun and to the music, this is how professionals work:

You should also calculate the amount building material so as not to go once again to the construction market. The most optimal design for a country restroom would be a hut-style house. A cesspool it is better to make from concrete rings. As for the drainage system, you decide for yourself. But for clean air absolute waterproofing is better than drainage.

August 3, 2016
Specialization: master in construction drywall constructions, finishing work and styling floor coverings. Installation of door and window blocks, facade finishing, installation of electrics, plumbing and heating - I can give detailed advice on all types of work.

A pit latrine was the only option built ubiquitously a couple of centuries ago. But even today, this option is relevant for suburban and suburban areas, as well as for the construction of houses - this structure is always placed very first.

The main difference between these toilets lies in the design of the cesspool, and I will tell you how each type is built so that you can choose the best one in accordance with the nature of use and the characteristics of your site.

Basic requirements for structures

Before I tell you how to make one or another version of the toilet, you need to outline the basic requirements for choosing its location. The fact is that sanitary standards clearly define several important rules, violation of which will lead to a fine or even damage to drinking water in your area, which is highly undesirable.

The distance to the well must be at least 30 meters, but in general, the higher this indicator, the better;
There must be at least 5 meters to the roadway, otherwise unpleasant odors may disturb passers-by;
You can not place the structure close to the fence, the minimum offset is 1 meter;
Water bodies must be at least 30 meters away, to small streams - at least 10 meters;
Residential buildings must be located at a distance of at least 12 meters;
Trees must be at least 3 meters away.

If on your site the groundwater level is above the level of 2.5 meters to the soil level, then you can only make a structure with a closed cesspool. Open options are prohibited by sanitary standards.

On my own behalf, I want to note that if there is a lowland in your area in which there is water in the spring, then it is forbidden to build a toilet there, since every year all sewage will be distributed in your opinion and neighboring areas.

Types of structures

So, we will consider those options that have proven themselves best in operation. Talk about the simplest system I won’t be with a hole just dug, since such a toilet does not meet any sanitary standards and is not reliable. It is better to choose one of those types that will be discussed in this section.

Option 1: use car tires

In fact, old farm tires can also be used, depending on what you can find. Let's take a look at the benefits of this solution:

budget	Old, broken elements are used, which can be found for free. That is, you will practically not spend money and in the end you will get a fairly reliable system. The cost of the project is minimal
Ease of workflow	If you do the work yourself and do not have any experience in the construction industry, then some of the options described below may seem complicated to you. Here you need a minimum of knowledge and skills.
Durability	Personally, on my site, a well was made of tractor tires, which were used for about 20 years, at first it was local sewerage, then laid central system, and the design acts as a sump before entering the main. No signs of wear and tear so far.

The work on the construction of such a cesspool is as follows:

First of all you need to find some tires the same size , their number depends on the depth of the cesspool. Calculating it is easy: measure the thickness of one tire and divide the total depth by this indicator;
Further you need to attach one tire to the ground and draw a circle with a diameter of 20 cm larger than the size of the element. This will allow you to carry out work without problems;
The digging step is perhaps the most time consuming of the whole process, and it takes a lot of time, so I advise you to bring an assistant to work alternately or hire an excavator in order to save yourself from this work;

If you will make a closed-type structure, then a layer of gravel or crushed stone is poured onto the bottom, after which a concrete screed 5-10 cm thick is poured. If the lower part acts as a filter, then 5 cm of river sand is poured onto the bottom, and at least 20 cm of large gravel is located on top, it performs excellent drainage functions;
Next, the tires are laid, they fit very tightly to each other, so there is no point in additionally strengthening them. The only strengthening of the structure is made with outer side – crushed stone, stones or broken bricks are poured between the walls of the pit and the tires, this allows you to strengthen the structure and eliminate the displacement of tires subsequently;

The top part can be done in different ways. You can cut off the inner rim to increase the diameter and make a slot on the side in the place where the hose of the sewer machine will be placed. On top, you can lay a wooden shield or frame made of beams, or you can use a concrete cover that is used on sewer wells.

Option 2: brick cesspool

This solution has several advantages:

The durability of the design, such a system will serve you for decades;
Strength of the structure: it is unlikely to be destroyed by ground movements during freezing;
Ease of work: you do not need to have the skills of a professional bricklayer, accuracy is not important here.

Now let's see how the workflow goes:

First of all, a hole is dug, it can be either round or square, depending on what design you will be doing. I advise you to choose the second option, since such a hole is easier to dig, and laying out a square sump is much easier than a round one, especially when it comes to a person without experience;

Next, you need to tamp the bottom, many advise doing it with a slope back, but if it is even, then nothing will essentially change, and it will be easier for you. If you have an open option, then you should pour at least 20 cm of large gravel, which will act as a filter;
If the system is sealed, then you need to fill in the screed according to the size of the future drive, you can continue work after at least 2 weeks, when the concrete becomes more or less durable;
A brick cesspool for a toilet in the country can be either solid in the case of a closed system, or have cells for drainage if you have an option with a filter layer at the bottom. The main requirement for masonry is reliability, beauty does not matter.

Option 3: plastic container

This type of structure is Lately is gaining more and more popularity due to several reasons:

Plastic is immune to aggressive influences and retains strength over a long period of time;
If you need a completely sealed system, then the best option no, polymeric materials will not let liquid out;
The construction is very light.

Work on the construction of a cesspool made of plastic is carried out as follows:

First of all, you need to decide what capacity will be used. This can be either a ready-made option or a plastic cube, which is used to transport various compositions, or another option that happened to be at your fingertips;
Next, a hole is dug right size and configuration. In order for the structure to be level and stable, I advise you to put a few bricks or small concrete slabs on the bottom;
The container is exposed in such a way that its neck is located under the future toilet if necessary, a cutout is made in the upper part;

Lastly, the structure is covered with soil, and a support system is built on top to build the future toilet. The design can be any, the main thing is its reliability.

Option 4: concrete rings

This solution is used for a wide variety of structures, and it is also suitable for cesspools, the construction work of the structure proceeds as follows:

First of all, the elements are delivered to the site, due to their large weight, it is necessary to attract several assistants for unloading or use lifting equipment;
To simplify the workflow, I advise you to carry out work by analogy with digging wells. First, a hole 20-30 cm deep is dug along the diameter of the ring, you just need to remove the sod. After that, a ring rolls up to it and is installed at its location;

Then the soil is carefully selected around the entire perimeter so that the ring gradually sinks into the ground when the upper part is level with the ground, the second is placed on it and so on until the very end of the process;
The upper part should be located 10 cm above ground level so that precipitation and debris do not fall into the pit. The seams between the elements can be sealed with mortar and processed bituminous mastic for added reliability;
Next, the bottom is made, if the pit is open, then crushed stone is poured there with a layer of 20-30 cm, and if the structure is sealed, then a screed about 10 cm thick is poured.

Option 5: monolithic construction

This is one of the most complex types construction, but such a cesspool will turn out to be very reliable and durable. The workflow goes like this:

First of all, you need to dig a hole of the desired size and configuration. At the same time, remember one simple rule - the larger its size, the less often it will have to be cleaned and pumped out, so do not make it too small;
Next, the bottom is made, crushed stone is poured and a strong screed is poured. It will serve as the basis for the walls, so it is better to make a layer of at least 10 cm;
The next stage is the construction of a reinforcing cage, which will make the pit much stronger and prevent cracking of concrete during temperature changes. The elements are connected with a wire to ensure the mobility of the connections;
Then you need to make formwork, for this you can use boards or other suitable elements. It is important to fix the structure well so that it does not spread under the weight of the solution;
Filling is done in one step to achieve maximum strength and reliability. The formwork can be removed in a day, further work can be carried out after 2 weeks.

How to simplify the system maintenance process

A proper pit pit is only the first part of the job, which can be done once, and the pit pit will have to be maintained constantly. If earlier cleaning was carried out only with the involvement of a sewage machine, then in our time there are special tools for toilets and cesspools.

I examined all the biological products in detail in one of the reviews, you can read it, here I will talk about the main options and their features:

Liquid antiseptic is easy to use. The solution just needs to be added to the pit, and it will begin to act immediately.. Half a liter is enough for one cubic meter, you should roughly estimate the volume of the pit in order to calculate right amount. The cost varies from 300 to 1000 rubles per 500 ml;

Powdered options before use should be diluted in a certain amount of warm water, after which the solution is simply poured into the cesspool. These can also be biogranules, they are used in the same way as powder. The price of the package is about 200 rubles, the composition must be added once a month;
If the toilet with a cesspool is located in the country house or personal plot, then I advise you to use special tablets. They are extremely effective at removing sediment, improving drainage, and decomposing runoff into water that can be used for irrigation and silt, which is an excellent fertilizer. The price of a tablet is from 70 to 200 rubles, it is enough for 1-2 months;

It is worth remembering that any chemistry negatively affects bacteria, so it is not recommended to pour drains with detergents and cleaning products into the cesspool.

Alternative option

If your groundwater is very high or you will use the structure occasionally, then you can make a country toilet without a cesspool, which is also called powder closet.

Its main feature is that under the toilet seat wooden structure a container is installed, most often a bucket, which serves to collect waste. The system is operated using a filler, most often peat or small sawdust is used for this.

The design is used as follows: a filler is poured onto the bottom of the container, after each use the filler is added. After the container is full, it must be taken out to the compost heap. As you can see, everything is very simple.

In order to minimize the unpleasant odor during the operation of the powder closet, ventilation should be made in the form of a pipe coming from the compartment with the container up.

Conclusion

It is not difficult to make a toilet with a cesspool, you need to choose the optimal design and follow the recommendations outlined above. It is equally important to properly maintain the system, and in order not to spend money on vacuum cleaners, use bacteria, they will save you from an unpleasant smell, and water can be used for irrigation. The video in this article will help you understand some of the nuances better, and if something is not clear to you, ask in the comments.