What is the height of the roof ridge. Calculation of a gable roof

The construction of a private house is completed with the construction of a roof. This is a particularly important stage, since the reliability of the structure depends on the competent implementation of this process. The construction process itself can be conditionally divided into several stages, from the installation of the Mauerlat to the laying of the roofing.

During installation roofing material on the slopes at the place of their convergence in the uppermost part of the roof, as a rule, gaps are formed. Therefore, an element is needed that, on the one hand, will protect the under-roof space from the penetration of precipitation and melt water, and on the other hand, will provide roof ventilation. This is the so-called ridge on the roof (photo below).

This element is defined as follows. The ridge of the roof of the house is the upper edge, located horizontally at the junction of the slopes. It also includes those associated with this rib. Thus, this is a prefabricated structure, consisting of a combination of several fragments. Installing a ridge on a roof requires a little theoretical training and basic building skills, that is, in fact, everyone can handle this task.

Types of ridge construction

The ridge on the roof is formed by closing the planes of the slopes. It has two versions and depends on.
- A beam, which is installed on vertical racks, based on puffs or ceiling beams, or fixed on the gables. It serves as a support for the top of the rafters.
- Run (basis of the ridge), laid at the top of rigid triangular trusses set one after another from rafter legs connected in pairs, which are interconnected by jumpers. The role of a run can be a log of a roof ridge having a wide section or two boards 5 cm thick sewn at an angle.
From all this it follows that, first of all, we are dealing with the component gable roof. However, it can also be found in designs that have a more complex configuration. For example, or, in which it is displaced.

Relatively recently, asbestos cement was used to decorate the ridge, but today manufacturers more often offer a galvanized roof ridge. The dimensions of galvanized are usually standard: their length is approximately two meters, and the width of the shelves is 25-30 cm.

According to the installation site, there are three main options for the skate:
- straight, which became a gable roof. It is installed according to the level strictly horizontally;
- mortise, which cut into the internal mates of the roof slopes, below the main one;
- crossed, suitable for installation on multi-pitched structures in places where planes cut into the main roof intersect.
How to calculate the height of the ridge of a gable roof

The desired value depends on several factors, but, as a rule, the type of attic is considered decisive.

In the general case, the slope of the slope and the dimensions of the structure and, as a derivative, the type of material are taken into account. The calculations use data from a specially designed table, in which the width of the structure and the magnitude of the slope are related through the coefficient.

Let's say the width of the building is 8 m, and the slope is 40 °. The height of the gable roof ridge is calculated according to the following scheme: half the width is multiplied by a coefficient, the value of which is found from the table. Thus, the height or distance between the top of the roof ridge and the ceiling is 4 x 0.86 = 3.44.

The height of the chimney relative to the roof ridge SNiP

There is an opinion that regarding the ridge of the roof, it is determined solely by the desire of the homeowner and the exterior of the house. However, it is not. In fact, the efficiency of heating equipment, the high-quality removal of combustion products, and the level of energy consumption depend on it.

Competent calculation of this parameter is based
- at the location of the pipe in relation to the ridge;
- the slope of the slopes;
- the presence of objects or trees near the house that are higher than it;
- the intensity of wind and snow loads characteristic of the area.
Here are the optimal values of the desired value for some structures:
- Flat roof. Regardless of the section, the height of the pipe must be more than half a meter.
- pitched roof. Let L= distance from the ridge bar. At
- L = 1.50 m, the pipe height cannot be 50 cm run or enclosing parapet more than 50 cm;
- 1.5 < L< 3 м, труба предполагается выше этих элементов;
- L > 3 m, then the parameter is determined by an imaginary line that is 10 ◦ with the horizon line.
How to DIY

The run is made of steel or wood. In the construction of private houses, the second option is mainly used, since steel ones are quite heavy.
- The installation is carried out after completing the main stages of the roofing device. The basic principle of laying the elements of the ridge trim is laying the extreme fragments from the side of the gables, through which the mounting cord is pulled. The lace is aligned to the level and temporarily fixed to the opposite gables. It will serve as a guide for the rest of the fragments.
- Work is recommended to be done by two people. After installing and fixing the first structural element, proceed to the next one. Fragments are laid with a spade of about 20 cm, which allows for better waterproofing of the structure. In the same way, all the elements are laid and fixed along the slope.
Attention!
Particular attention must be paid to the fastening of the outer elements, since they are under the influence of maximum wind loads.
- However, just one fit, even if the shelf is more than 20 cm wide, is not enough to provide sufficient waterproofing. In any case, gaps will remain through which drops of rain or snow blown by the wind can get under the roof. You can put a layer of glass wool in the groove, but try not to compact it too much, as this may interfere with ventilation.
- There is another way: instead of glass wool, use a self-adhesive foam rubber tape (filler), which is laid along the edge of the shelf from the bottom side. But this material is quite expensive, and the result obtained is similar to the option using glass wool.
- A ventilation compartment must be provided without fail. Otherwise, the accumulation of condensate cannot be avoided, even if the roof has been reliably protected from moisture.
On a note
If, due to the peculiarities of the roof structure, it is not possible to equip it or at least provide the necessary clearance, then windows are installed in the end parts to combat attic dampness.

How to fix the ridge on the roof: from corrugated board, on slate

The mounting method depends entirely on the material of the protective strip. Curly elements are often made from the same.

A mandatory procedure is the waterproofing of wooden roof elements. Prior to the installation of finishing elements, the run is covered with roofing tape.
- . Let us dwell in more detail on how to install a ridge on a corrugated roof.
- The roof device assumes that there is a gap of about 5 cm between the coating and the top in the ridge area, which provides ventilation. In the same area, parallel to the axis, on both sides of the roof, battens are additionally mounted.

Determine the size and only after that purchase the material. In order to make calculations, it is not necessary to contact specialized organizations. In the article we will discuss how to correctly calculate the height of the roof, as well as what affects it.

What affects the height of a skate?

A ridge is a horizontal edge connecting the tops of two roof slopes. Overestimation and underestimation of the height negatively affects the operation of the roof, spoils appearance building. Therefore, when calculating, it is not enough to be guided only by your own taste. Before calculating the height of the skate, it is important to pay attention to various technical conditions.

In the article, we will default to roofs with equal slopes in length and angle of inclination. This will make it easier to determine the height, although all the principles described apply to asymmetrical structures.

According to geometry, one of the slopes will be the hypotenuse, and the distance from the ridge to the base will be the leg.

type of roofing;

Now let's go over each item in more detail.

Roofing

Different materials have their own slope requirements. The calculation of the height of the ridge will depend on this indicator. There are general principles for choosing material depending on the slope angle:

For small piece elements, the slope of the slope should be greater than for long ones. sheet materials. This is due to the fact that when moisture accumulates in the joints, leaks may appear. Therefore, skates for slate roof higher than skates on a metal roof. The fact is that the length of the wave slate is only 1.75 m, and the metal roofing material can occupy the entire length of the slope.
The height of the ridge roof also affects the number of joints. With an underestimation of the angle, the number of joints and overlaps should also decrease. Therefore, large-sheet and roll materials are considered the most reliable options.
Heavy roofing elements are placed on steep slopes. The roofs are made of slate and have a large mass, so they make a steep slope. So, they do not bend the rafter beams.

It is worth remembering that the steeper the slope, the more material will be needed to cover the roof. So, if we take as 100% the need for a slope angle of 7-10 °, then an angle of 45 ° will require 150% overrun, and an angle of 60 ° - all 200%.

The dimensions of the slopes relative to the width of the house will change along with the height of the ridge.

Attic space

There are two types of houses: with and without an attic. For each option there is own conditions calculating the height of the skate. If the attic is residential, then 30-40 cm is added to the height of the tallest owner. But it is better to think about the guests by making the ceiling at a height of 2.4 meters. But it is important to remember that this is only the ceiling, not the height of the roof. Here you will need to add another half a meter or more, depending on preferences.

If the attic is non-residential, then the height of the ridge is calculated under the influence of fire safety. One of the points obliges the owners to provide a through passage under the roof with a height of at least 1.6 meters and a width of 1.2 m. With complex truss systems, these dimensions can be reduced by 0.4 m. This space will provide free air exchange and passage for repairs, inspection.

Barren buildings are built in such a way that additional walls are erected over the ceiling of the previous floor. For example, in semi-mansard buildings, the height of the walls is increased by 1.4 meters. In such structures, the height of the roof is measured from the lower edge of the Mauerlat. Such designs are suitable for climatic zones with strong winds. This makes it possible to reduce the slope of the slope.

Non-attic structures are popular in the construction of garages, warehouses and other small residential buildings. They usually do not include attic floor thus saving material and time.

atmospheric phenomena

Climatic conditions directly affect the height of the ridge. Therefore, in different cities there is a "golden" slope slope. Atmospheric factors include the following:

Precipitation. The more snow it rains in your area, the more slope you need to do. Accordingly, the height of the roof also increases. If this condition is neglected, then the likelihood of leaks increases.
Wind. For areas with medium and low winds, there is no difference in the height of the ridge. But so, where strong, gusty winds often blow, usually the roof slope does not exceed 10 °. This imposes certain restrictions on the materials used. Without taking into account the strength of the wind, you risk losing the entire roof structure.
The amount of snow. There is a relationship between the steepness of the slope and the amount of snow. The more it falls in winter, the greater the angle you need to make. The reason is the increased load on the truss system. It is recommended to give preference to slopes with a slope of more than 45 °.

You can determine the features of the region of residence by contacting the local weather service or reference literature. The regulatory documentation SNiP 23-01-99 or SP 20.13330.2011 has weather maps and recommendations for construction.

Ways to calculate the height of the ridge

The calculation of the height of the roof largely depends on your preferences. There are two main ways:

mathematical;
graphic.

Let's deal with the mathematical method of counting. As already mentioned in the first subheading, a gable isosceles roof was taken by default. We have the ability to calculate the required height if we know the slope angle and the distance between the slopes. Now you need a Bradis table and a calculator. In the reference literature we find the value of the tangent of our angle, and then we multiply it by half the length between the slopes. The result is the height of the skate.

Let's consider the calculation on a real example. Suppose that our building has dimensions of 7x10 meters. At the same time, we are in an area with medium winds, and we use metal tiles as roofing. We do not plan to equip the attic, but we will take the slope equal to 20 ° so that rainwater drains without problems.

It turns out that the length of the leg is 7/10 = 3.5 meters. According to the table, the tangent of 20° is 0.839. Now we multiply the resulting numbers: 3.5 * 0.839 \u003d 2.94. This means that the height of the gable roof ridge, from the bottom of the Mauerlat, is 2.94 meters.

The graphical method is suitable for those who have a sheet of paper, a pencil and a ruler with a protractor at hand. All that is needed is to draw the roof in section, observing the scale. To do this, draw a horizontal line, mark the boundaries of the roof base on it. Determine the midpoint and draw a perpendicular. On one side, use a protractor to draw a line at the desired angle. The intersection point will show the height, you just need to measure it with a ruler.

The resulting result will be approximate, you still need to add 2/3 of the thickness to it. rafter leg. Small deviations are acceptable and do not critically affect the operation of the roof. These errors are made up of the need to make ventilation under the metal tile and battens.

In order to mark the desired height in reality, it is enough to determine the middle of the building. Then nail a vertical bar or pole at the desired height. After the calculation has been made, try to transfer it as accurately as possible from paper to a real building. Then the roof will last for many years and will not leak on the rainiest days.

What is important to know for calculations and what are the dangers of errors
Types and forms of modern roofs
Ridge run and slope angles
Roof height calculations different forms
Roof calculation using online resources
What to consider when starting roof calculations

The final stage in the construction of any house (be it a spacious main dwelling or a small country house) is the arrangement of the roof. It is she who gives the exterior a presentable and complete look, but at the same time performs a very important function - it retains heat, creates a cozy, most comfortable and pleasant atmosphere inside. It is this element of any structure, without exaggeration, that is called one of the most important.

What determines the height of the structure and what is taken into account when performing pre-assembly calculations

It is especially important to know how to calculate the height of the roof for a house, and to understand exactly how to do it correctly. That is why you need to take some time to study this issue. Inaccuracies made in pre-wiring calculations lead to serious problems that are too difficult to deal with later. Often, to eliminate errors, you have to start work on arranging the roof again. For example, if the slopes are made with a small angle of inclination, then winter snowfalls will cause serious harm to such a design (due to the accumulation of snow, there is a risk that the roof will break). It is logical to assume that you can just make a high ridge and all problems will be solved, but this is not the case, because a roof that is too high is most vulnerable to gusts of wind.

Thus, when starting to calculate the roof and slope angles, as well as the arrangement of the roof, it must be remembered that its height is significantly influenced by:

the general square of the building;
climatic conditions (as you may have guessed, in regions with snowy winters, sloping roofs are not recommended, which are optimal for warm continents);
material for arranging the roof, as well as battens;
selected form;
height of the main building;
personal preferences and tastes of the owner.

A number of other factors also largely affect the design parameters, for example, there is a direct dependence on the layer the required insulation or installing snow guards. The size of the skate is related to the features truss system, but at the same time they can increase total area roofing and the amount of materials required for its arrangement.

All of the above confirms the fact that the strength of the structure, the durability of its operation, the aesthetics and harmony of the external appearance of the building depend on the size of the roof.

What are the common types of modern roof structures

The type of roof has the most direct influence on the calculation and the formulas used for it, as well as on the amount and, therefore, on the consumption of the material that needs to be purchased for the roof. Today, the following structures are most often erected:

shed (it is preferable to use it for outbuildings);
gable (the most popular for residential buildings);
four-slope. Too great choice for residential buildings. A variety of options are provided here: spectacular hipped roofs (a characteristic feature of which is same size and the shape of all slopes) or complex hips (their feature is the participation of two triangular hips and two slopes with a break (trapezoid shape));
attic (consists of two slopes, but always with a break). This fracture allows you to increase the area of the attic.

Skate and determination of rational slope angles

For calculations of different forms of roofing, such a value as the size of the ridge is used. This name refers to the upper, horizontally located rib of the structure, which was formed at the intersection of two roof slopes (inclined planes).

There is a ridge on all types of roofs, except for hipped and domed ones. If the design is simple gable, then it is one, but if it is complex, then the skates are formed from two or more. During the construction of the roof, the rafter legs rest on the ridge runs, and based on which roofing material is chosen for the final coating, the base of the ridge is also selected.

Knowing how to calculate the roof height of a house correctly is also necessary for building a reliable and durable structure, as well as in order to predict the preliminary construction costs and plan a budget. In calculating the rational angle of inclination, the material from which it was decided to lay out the roof is taken into account: some roofing coverings can be laid at an angle of up to 90 degrees, while others can only be laid from 15 to 60 degrees.

When choosing which slope of the planes to choose a roof for your home, you need to take into account the functionality, the overall appearance of the resulting structure (after all, you want to get an aesthetic structure) and climatic conditions. As practice shows, for European countries, an angle of 35-40 degrees can be called an ideal solution.

Examples of calculations that are easy to do on your own

In principle, if we are talking about simple roof structures, then it will take quite a bit to calculate the height of the roof: a calculator and a few well-known principles from the basics of geometry, which are still taught in the school curriculum.

We take the basic principle of calculation from the rule that the length of one leg in a right triangle will be equal to the length of the other, if it is multiplied by the tangent of the angle formed with the base.

we measure the width of the building (let's say we have a four-meter house);
we accept the angle value equal to 35 degrees (as the recommended optimal option for European latitudes);
we calculate the tangent, it is obtained for a given angle of 0.7002;
4 meters * 0.7002 = 2.8 meters.

If a gable design is chosen, then in this case it is also very easy to calculate the height of the ridge: the width of the house can be divided by “two”, and then multiplied by the tangent of the angle formed by the slope of the slopes. Consider for clarity the above described how to calculate the height of a gable roof using the example of a house whose width will be 10 meters . So, for calculations:

take an angle equal to 35 degrees;
we calculate the tangent, it turns out 0.7002;
10 meters / 2 * 0.7002 = 3.5 meters.

The most used today are four-pitched structures, and for their calculation you can use the same principle (formula) as for how to calculate the height of the ridge of a gable roof, but only the width of the house is divided not by two, but by four. Plus, when doing calculations for a hipped roof, it is important to take into account the length of the ridge run itself, as well as the truss system.

The most complex calculations are accompanied by the arrangement of a mansard-type roof, a characteristic feature of which can be called the presence of two slopes with a break, which from the side makes its general appearance as if “broken”. Arrangement of a sloping roof will increase the functional area of the attic. The calculation of the hip roof is based on the above example of calculating the height gable roof, however, do not forget that the roof has more than one angle of inclination, but several. Before moving on to settlement operations, you need to decide on them. Practice shows that it is best to choose the following angles:

for the lower - over 40 degrees;
for the rest - less than 40 degrees, but always more than 15.

To simplify the calculations, but at the same time to get the most accurate result quickly, experts prefer to use the “golden section” method; for this, the roof outline is inscribed in a circle in the drawing. Resorting to this lucky rule, you can easily solve the question of how to correctly calculate the height of the roof, and most importantly, avoid inaccuracies in the calculation, which in practice will lead to the fact that general form structures will be unaesthetic, inharmonious and simply ugly.

Where to go for help: online resource and consultants

If the roof being erected is of complex shape, then it also requires more voluminous, lengthy calculations. For calculations, data on the cross section of the rafters, the step between them, the size of the spans are used roof structure. In addition, the dimensions of the roof windows, chimneys, the presence of parapets and overhangs are taken into account, it will definitely be necessary to analyze the possibility of supports and the endurance of the foundation.

Today, anyone who does not know how to calculate the height of a roof can do this by contacting assistants who can be found on the Internet. These can be specialists who are ready to provide you with such services online, or a special Internet resource called a "calculator", in which case the site visitor enters the requested data and the system makes calculations based on them.

When choosing who to turn to for help, remember that the hip roof is an expensive design, so it does not tolerate mistakes and inaccuracies. The correctness of the calculations performed must be guaranteed. For beginners, the calculations of four-slope, hip and hipped roofs turn out to be quite complicated, so it is better to entrust them to a designer with experience in this field. You can only do calculations on your own regarding single-slope structures for outbuildings and garages, or simple gable structures built to cover a small country house.

The classic roof of a Russian hut is a gable roof. The rafter system for it is quite simple, and this has ensured great popularity for this type of roof. A hip roof (four-pitched), for example, is geometrically more complex. It is more difficult to calculate and build, so let's take on the calculation of a symmetrical roof with two slopes. Its calculation consists in determining the length of the rafters that form pairs. Each of these pairs is attached to the adjacent roof trusses with the help of a crate. The ends of the roof are triangular gables. The length of the rafters, like the height of the roof, will be determined by its angle. How to choose it correctly? This will tell the weather prevailing in the area.

Skate height selection

Those who have been to the Baltic countries or Scandinavia could notice that the roofs of village houses there are pointed. This is due to the high amount of precipitation, which, in turn, is explained by the predominance of the maritime and temperate climate. Water immediately flows from such a roof, and snow does not linger at all. However, the neighborhood with forested hills reliably protects these settlements from strong winds, so the large windage of such roofs is not of great importance. In Arab houses, the roofs were flat, because the amount of precipitation in the desert area is minimal. But strong dry winds do occur in such regions. In the same place where winds rage in the middle lane, you can find houses with completely different roofs - almost flat or arched, because just the lack of windage or good streamlining plays a big role. And if such houses used to be built intuitively, based on the experience of generations, today for different regions of Russia, sets of rules have been created that describe wind and snow loads on the roof. In particular, this is SP20.13330.2011, developed on the basis of SNiP 2.01.07-85* "Loads and Impacts". In the central region of the country, for example, it is recommended to choose the height of the ridge so that the angle of inclination of the slopes is approximately 30–45 °. It is this angle that will make it possible to calculate both the height of the roof ridge and the length of the rafters.

Let's turn to school geometry. Our roof must be presented in the form of a triangle, in fact, which is each of its gables. Such a triangle will be obtuse. We divide it along the axis of symmetry into two right-angled triangles. We received two legs, one of which (a) is known to us - this is half the width of the house. The second leg (b), which is not yet known, is the height of our roof.
b = a * tan α, where:
α - the angle of the roof, taken from the set of rules. The tangent of this angle can be calculated on an engineering calculator or use mathematical tables. The resulting leg b is the height of the roof. Knowing both legs, we can calculate the value of the hypotenuse. This is the approximate length of the rafters. However, since the roof often extends beyond the walls of the house, hanging over them, the length of the rafters can be increased. It all depends on the architecture of a particular building. Knowing the length of the rafters and the length of the roof itself, which in this dimension can also protrude beyond the edges of the house, hanging over the gables with a visor, we can already calculate its area, and therefore the amount of roofing material.

Calculation example

Let's say the house has a width of 6 m. Divide it in half and get 3 m. This is our leg a. The slope angle recommended for building a house in this area is 45 °.
b \u003d 3 * tg 45 ° \u003d 3 * 1 That is, even without tables and a calculator, it will become clear that the height of the roof will be 3 m, that is, half the width of the house.

The process of selecting the best parameters for a gable roof is always a search for a compromise between the desired shape of the frame, the desire to obtain a beautiful high structure and the requirements for ensuring the strength and stability of the roof. In addition, the dimensions of the gable roof will have to be linked to the weather "tricks" of the local climate and their own financial capabilities.

What determines the height of the ridge of a gable roof

To get a durable and beautiful design, first of all, you need to choose the optimal angle of inclination of the gable roof. This is a basic parameter, it must be selected based on the following criteria:

The strength of the truss system, the higher the angle, the less the load on the frame from snow, the precipitation is removed faster and more efficiently;
The presence of strong winds, the right angle helps to reduce pressure on the roof slope;
The height and dimensions of the attic space. The larger the volume of the attic air cushion, the warmer the gable roof will turn out. If you correctly calculate and plan the height of the ridge beam, the attic can be turned into an additional living room.

Important! In addition to the above conditions, it is necessary to take into account the weight of the structure, the longer the rafters and overhangs of a gable roof, the greater its weight, which loads the walls of the house, and the higher the cost of construction.

At what angle for a gable roof is the optimal height of the ridge

In contrast to the design process, it is quite difficult to work with angular values during direct construction. In order to directly determine and accurately set the angle of inclination of the slope, accurate measuring equipment is required. Instead of the angle of the rafters, it is easier to use linear values, such as the length of the rafters, the size of the span, or the height of the ridge. The desired angle of inclination in this case is easy to calculate using trigonometric formulas by measuring the height of the ridge and the distance between the supports of the rafters on the Mauerlat.

Climatic and technological restrictions on the height of the gable roof ridge

For areas where the main factor is open space, respectively, strong wind loads, the height of the ridge is most often calculated based on the recommendations of the roofing material manufacturer.

In such conditions, the main factor determining the stability of a gable roof is the wind load. Rain water and sleet do not pose a particular threat due to the sweeping effect of horizontal air currents, so there is no need to increase the angle of inclination of the roof structure. Moreover, with a significant height of the ridge, the windage of the gable roof and the pressure on the walls of the building sharply increase.

Experts do not recommend reducing the height of the ridge beam to a minimum. Firstly, it significantly reduces the thermal insulation qualities of a gable roof and reduces the amount of usable space in the attic.

Secondly, the air currents no longer press the roof with a reduced ridge height to the box of the building, but tend to overturn or tear it off the supporting surface. This situation is much worse than the situation with windage, since gable roof not designed for overpressure. Thirdly, certain types roofing material must not be laid on roof slopes with an extremely low ridge height. If such a situation arises, it is better to seek advice from specialists in a particular type of roofing material, who will help calculate the margin of safety and installation method.

If a large amount of precipitation in the form of wet snow is recorded on the ground, the height of the gable roof ridge and, accordingly, the steepness of the slopes is calculated according to the following scheme:

The maximum amount of wet snow that has fallen in a given area over the past decades is determined;
Based on the future dimensions of the house box and financial capabilities, the maximum size of the rafters and the bearing capacity of the roof frame are determined with the established snow cover thickness. The number of rafters, the height of the lift and the pitch are calculated based on the methodology set out in SNiP 2.01.85 "Loads and Impacts";
If the size of the beam under the rafters turns out to be prohibitively large, it is necessary to increase the height of the ridge, but so that the angle of inclination of the gable roof does not exceed the optimal values for the selected roofing material.

When calculating the load on the rafters, it is assumed that with a ridge height that provides an angle of inclination of more than 60 °, the weight snow mass on the surface of a gable roof can be ignored. If the ratio of the height of the ridge above the Mauerlat horizon to the distance between the lower supports of the rafters is less than ¼, the snow pressure on the roof is taken into account in full. In an intermediate position, with an increase in the angle of inclination of a gable roof from 20° to 60°, the correction reducing factor changes monotonously from 0.7 to 0.1.

The optimal height of the ridge of a gable roof

Often, the decision to increase the height of the ridge is made not to reduce the load on the roof, but to increase the usable space of the attic. The benefit of such a modification, at first glance, is obvious. You can increase the amount of usable space and equip, for example, an attic and even a balcony. It is relatively easy to evaluate changes in the shape and size of the under-roof space using the diagram shown in the figure.

Before making a decision, try to calculate the geometry of the consequences of increasing the height of the ridge. Consider, as an example, the change in the characteristics of the height and dimensions of a gable roof for the smallest building with a size of 6x4m and a wall height of 2.5m. A sketch of the roof structure is shown in the figure.

With an optimal height of the ridge above the floor slab of 2 m, the length of the truss beam will be 2.9 m. At the same time, the usable space under the gable roof will be only 4x1.8x0.5 m. This is enough for ventilation and roof insulation work. The width of the useful space used, if desired, can be increased to 1.5 m. On this area, you can organize a bedroom or a rest room, for which, in fact, the attic is used.

An angle of inclination of 45 ° with a ridge height of 2 m provides optimal structural strength, if you choose the right material and calculate the beam consumption for the construction of rafters, you can get a very moderate cost of the rafter system, primarily due to the absence of struts and struts.

You can try to increase the width of the attic comfort zone from 0.5 m to 1.5 m. In this case, the height of the ridge and the angle of inclination of the gable roof will increase to 3.6 m and 60 °, respectively. The space available for use has increased from 1.5 m to 2.5 m, the comfort zone, or the area within which you can walk without bending down, is 1.5 m, which is consistent with the average attic parameters for a country house.

The length of the rafters has increased from 2.9 m to 4.2 m. It is expected to increase the cost of timber for the gable roof frame by 30% due to the need to install additional power elements - crossbars and struts. If you correctly calculate the loads and the method of fastening, the structure will be as strong as in the previous version.

Alternative option

Even a cursory comparison of the two options, without trying to calculate the exact characteristics, allows us to draw certain conclusions.

The size of the useful area of the attic in the broken version of the roof is larger than that of the gable scheme with an increased height of the ridge by 15%, the amount of timber and roofing materials was spent more by 19% and 7%, respectively. The cost of work for a broken circuit is 30-33% higher. The gable roof structure is 0.8 m higher, but the center of gravity of the frame is below the center of pressure, which allows it to be more stable in strong winds, despite the fact that the angle of the rafters is 60o higher than the angle of the top row of a broken roof.

In addition, large air "bags" above the ceiling and in the side walls of the attic of the gable version well insulate and soundproof the room. For a long stay in the attic room, a broken circuit is more suitable due to increased comfort. Whereas for a country house or a bath it is quite possible to use the design of a classic gable roof with an increased height of the ridge beam.

The above comparison is valid only for small-sized gable and broken circuits. As the size of the house increases, the gable version of the roof with an increased height of the ridge beam becomes much more expensive than the cost of a similarly sized broken pattern.

Conclusion

It should be noted that the calculation of the required height of the ridge depends to a large extent on the type of roofing material. On a slope with an angle of inclination of 60 °, the vast majority of roofing materials fit perfectly, from tiles to ondulin. Due to the fact that the roof slope is a single plane, the laid roof has a significantly higher resistance to any form of precipitation. Broken structures often suffer from rainwater leaks during heavy rain with wind precisely on the fracture line.

Sealing pipes and joints on the roof
How to put slate on the roof
How to make a slate roof
Ladder to the attic with a do-it-yourself hatch

One of the main building elements is the roof. The viability of the house and the peace of its inhabitants depend on its quality and the correctly chosen form.

Any pitched roof consists of several basic elements. These include:

truss system;
crate;
Roof.

A preliminary calculation when designing a house should help determine the required amount of materials for its construction. Based on this, a budget (estimate) of expenses is drawn up. It is impossible to calculate the cost of a roof without determining its shape and height.

V modern construction almost all roof shapes existing in architecture are common. One-slope and two-slope, as well as four-slope (hip) species are widespread.

In addition to them, there are hipped roofs, and domed, and broken (attic) and complex multi-pitched.

Among the most widely used roofs, the most common are gable roofs, which are not complex structure, consisting of two inclined slopes and two gables - vertical walls of a triangular shape.

Gable roofs are usually mounted on a garage, garden gazebo. The gable roof with an attic also looks original.

The truss system of such roofs consists of paired parts located at an angle to the horizontal line. Their stability is ensured by a plank or solid crate.

The upper part of the gable roofs, the junction of the rafter legs was called the ridge. This is the uppermost part of the entire building on which many owners of private houses install a decorative weather vane.

To determine the area of \u200b\u200bthe roof and calculate the number of boards for the crate, roofing material and the length of the logs themselves, you need to learn how to calculate the height of the ridge.

You can quickly and accurately calculate a gable roof, including determining the height of the ridge, using an online calculator on the Internet.

Parameters affecting the height of the roof

The roof is the upper part of the building, so it takes all the loads that fall on it. V winter period- this is the accumulation of snow on the roof, during the year - the wind effect, which is the greater, the larger the area of \u200b\u200bthe slopes and the steeper they are located relative to the horizontal.

When designing, you can slightly reduce the influence of weather factors. So, when using smooth roofing materials, such as corrugated board or metal tiles, you can significantly reduce the amount of snow that will accumulate. With a sufficient angle of inclination, it will slide down without significantly increasing the load on the rafter system and the crate.

To reduce the wind load, it is desirable to make roofs with a smaller slope. But this is fraught with the formation of large snowdrifts, which, when the snow melts, can lead to the collapse of the roof. Therefore, it is necessary to find a "golden mean" between increasing and decreasing the angle of inclination of the roof.

We draw your attention to

about OSB slabs- material for roofing lathing.

Also, an article about ondulin may be useful to you.

Determine the height of the skate

The first way is mathematical

To calculate the height of the ridge of a gable roof, it is necessary to present its design in a cross section. It will be an isosceles triangle. Therefore, the height of the skate will be the height of this triangle.

Having built the height (perpendicular to the base of the triangle), we get two right-angled triangles, in which one of the legs will determine the parameter we need. The second leg can be determined by dividing by 2 the total width of the house.

To comply with the optimal operating conditions of the house in conditions of high rainfall and sufficiently strong winds, the slope angle of the roof slopes is taken in the range of 20o - 45o. Calculate the height of the ridge of a gable roof, based on the specified parameters, will help the Pythagorean theorem and the Bradis table.

According to the theorem known to everyone since school years, the length of one leg (ridge height) will be determined as the product of the second leg (half the width of the house) by the tangent of the angle opposite the desired leg (roof slope angle).

We give the value of the tangent of the angles from 20o to 45o with a step of 5o.

For example, let's calculate the height of the skate for a standard wooden house 6x8 meters, located in middle lane our country, with a roof slope of 40o. In accordance with the above formula, the leg at our disposal will have a length of 3 meters (6:2 = 3).

The tangent of the angle 40o is determined from the table. It is equal to 0.839. We multiply the numbers we know and get:

Thus, with the specified parameters, the height of the ridge from the house will be 2.517 meters.

Method two - graphic

Less accurately, without the use of mathematical formulas and tables, you can determine the height of the ridge by making an image of the roof section on a small scale. To do this, draw an isosceles triangle and draw the median, which will also be the height.

The angle at the base of the triangle must be accurately drawn using a protractor. When correcting for the accuracy of mathematical tools, you can get an approximate value of the quantities you are looking for.

Important! After completing the process of mounting the ridge on the roof, it is necessary to cover the ridge run with lightweight side tiles. This is required by the installation of a pitched roof ridge.

Thus, the height of the gable roof ridge is calculated. When planning to use an attic space, it is necessary to determine the optimal parameters inner space for the free movement of residents and guests of the house.

Watch a video on building a gable roof ridge and installing rafters:

ratings, average:

The aesthetic indicators, architectural specifics and technical characteristics of the house depend on the height of the roof ridge. It is extremely important when developing a project to correctly determine right size designs. To get the perfect result, we suggest that today you figure out how to calculate the height of the ridge of a gable roof, and which method is better to use in independent calculations.

Guidelines for choosing the height of the ridge

A ridge is a horizontal edge of a gable roof, formed at the junction of the vertices of its inclined planes. Without the slightest doubt, we will attribute the height of the ridge to the most significant parameters that set the proportions of the roof.

Both underestimation and overestimation of it can lead not only to a violation of the architectural picture, but also to problems in operation. The ardent desire of the owner of the house to realize his own ideas often runs counter to technical regulations, familiarization with which will help to avoid serious mistakes.

In order to make the process of studying the value under study easier and more understandable, let's imagine the future roof in the form of an equilateral triangle. This is the most common option. In addition to it, there are asymmetrical gable roofs with slopes that differ in area.

However, the angle of inclination of both structural components is most often equal, therefore the height of the ridge is calculated according to the standard scheme.

For convenience, we divide an equilateral triangle into two symmetrical parts. The line passing from the top of the triangle to its base is the axis of symmetry of the figure presented by us, it is also the leg right triangle and skate height.

Landmark #1: Atmospheric Phenomena

There is no point in arguing with climate reality, it is necessary to adapt to its inexorable dictation and adapt. Atmospheric phenomena that affect the choice of ridge height include:

. In areas where the weather conditions are characterized by frequent gusty winds, it is customary to build flat and low-pitched roof structures with an inclination angle of up to 10º. In regions with weak and moderate winds, the height of the ridge can be any.

Precipitation. Precipitation is a potential threat of leaks, due to which they become damp, then the elements of the rafter system and the roofing pie gradually become unusable. From roofs with a steepness of more than 45º, precipitation is removed much faster than from flat structures.

Snow mass. In areas with heavy winter precipitation, the construction of roofs with a slope of more than 45º is recommended in order to optimize the rate of snowfall. from lower and flat roofs snow will need to be cleared more frequently.

The indicated characteristics will be prompted by the local meteorological service. You can independently find them in the collection with rules and tables on building climatology SNiP 23-01-99 or according to the zoning maps given in SP 20.13330.2011.

Landmark number 2: The presence of an attic

In the gable roof family, there are attic and non-attic representatives. In the first case, the attic space is separated from the box of the house by a ceiling. They are also called "separate", which confirms the architectural independence of the premises between the roof structure and the ceiling.

Attic representatives are residential and non-residential. The height of the ridge of residential roofs is set by ease of movement. Structures with an exploited attic are built mainly according to a broken pattern, involving the construction of a truss system of two tiers.

The height of the ridge of an exploited attic roof consists of two values: the height of the lower part of the roof and the height of the top of the roof, erected on the lower tier. The height dimension of the lower tier is usually taken from 2.0 to 2.3 m.

It is calculated by adding the growth of the tallest of the future owners and a margin of 30 - 40 cm, necessary for the convenience and safety of movement. The size of the top of the sloping roof is arbitrary, depending on the taste preferences of the owners.

The height of the ridge of non-residential attics is determined by fire regulations. In addition, the size of the attic space should not create obstacles for Maintenance. The building code regulations indicate that in the attic there should be a through passage along the entire roof of at least 1.6 m in height and 1.2 m in length. In short sections of a composite structure, the width and height of the through passage can be reduced by 40 cm in both directions.

In the second "non-attic" case, the space under the roof is not separated from the box by a ceiling. It is usually located below: at the level of the ceiling system of the previous floor. Non-attic roofs are called "combined", which just indicates the connection of the space under the roof with part of the space of the foot.

Bright representatives of structures without an attic are of the semi-mansard type. They are erected according to the usual gable scheme, but the Mauerlat is laid on walls with a height of at least 1.4 m. The height of the ridge of the half attic is measured from the lower edge of the Mauerlat.

The practicality of building a semi-mansard roof in regions with high wind load is difficult to overestimate. Thanks to its construction, the minimum lateral load acts on the roof, and the owners receive a comfortable and very spacious additional floor.

Without an attic and an attic floor, low roofs of garages, small household buildings, and warehouses are being built. Covering in such situations is neither economical nor reasonable in terms of access for maintenance.

Landmark #3: Type of roofing

We have already represented the gable roof as an equilateral triangle. And the height of the skate was represented by the leg of its rectangular counterpart, obtained by dividing the structure into two symmetrical parts. In the geometric figure we created, all components are interconnected, including angles and side lengths.

We, as roof designers, are interested in the angle of its slope, because. it is directly dependent on the type and technical characteristics of the roofing. He will help determine optimal height the designed structure.

There are several rules for selecting roofing material, taking into account the height of the ridge and the steepness of the roof, these are:

The smaller the piece elements of the roof, the greater must be the angle of inclination of the pitched planes. Numerous joints of piece coatings create the prerequisites for the penetration of moisture under the roof, so it is necessary to accelerate the precipitation.
The lower the roof, the fewer joints and seams should be on the floor. The priority for the arrangement of large-sheet and roll roofs.
The heavier the coating, the steeper the roof should be built. The weight of massive elements will be distributed in projection per unit area of the base. As a result, the higher the ridge, the less the load puts pressure on the rafter system and the ceiling.

True, the arrangement of a steep roof with a high ridge will cost more. The construction of a structure with a slope of 45º will take 1.5 times more material than covering a flat roof with a steepness of up to 7 - 10º. And if the slopes are tilted at an angle of 60º, the costs will double.

Typically, the range of suitable angles of inclination is indicated by roofing manufacturers in the instructions. The recommendations of the manufacturers should be followed in the name of the long-term service of the structure.

Knowing the recommended angle of inclination, the width of the cornice overhangs and the dimensions of the house box, it is possible to find the height of the ridge in the course of simple geometric constructions. However, in the design of roofs, not only the graphic method is used.

The slope of the slopes is indicated by degrees, percentages or decimal fractions, in the numerator of which the height of the ridge is indicated, in the denominator - half of the overlapped span. All three slope expressions are interrelated, but on a construction site it is more convenient to use the latter option.

There are few who want to postpone the angle of inclination of the ramp with a construction protractor at the facility. Moreover, the process of installing layered rafters, for example, is carried out on an already installed ridge run. Those. you need to know the height of the ridge run ahead of time. This is another one of the good reasons that stimulates interest in calculating the height of the skate.

To the percentage expression of the slope of the roof, there was a general attitude both among the masters and among the home craftsmen. Percentages will only help to confuse. The most acceptable method of displaying the slope is the ratio of the height of the ridge to half the span to be covered. It is most often used on the construction site.

Knowing the height of the skate, you can not peep every minute in project documentation. Simply by measuring, the middle of the gable wall is determined. At the point obtained, a bar or pole is nailed strictly vertically. From the upper face of the Mauerlat pre-installed on the wall, the size we are studying is laid upwards. It is guided by the construction of the truss system.

Ways to determine the height of the ridge

To calculate the height of the ridge of a gable roof, the area of \u200b\u200bplanes and other dimensions of the designed structure, there are a significant number of calculator programs on the network. All calculations are carried out automatically, the speed and simplicity of the procedure pleases. True, it is difficult to check the results of the calculations without a visual representation of the planned roof configuration. And if you accidentally enter an erroneous number, it will be possible to detect “amazing” sizes only at the construction site. Therefore, it is better to understand the features of construction and calculations in advance so that a banal flaw does not cause super-high costs.

Independent designers will need memories of a school trigonometry course and a desire to build diagrams to scale using a monitor or a regular paper sheet.

Mathematical and graphic methods

To determine the height of the ridge of the roof structure, the following methods are used:

Mathematical. It consists in calculating the size according to the formula for calculating the length of one of the sides of a right triangle.
Graphic. It consists in building a roof scheme on a scale to obtain the height of the ridge.

For the production of mathematical calculations, the formula a \u003d b × tgα is used, where a is the desired height of the ridge; b - half the width of the span; tgα is the slope angle chosen by the owner of the house on the basis of technical regulations and recommendations from the roofing manufacturer.

Graphically, the height of the ridge is determined at the intersection of the axis of symmetry of the roof and the line of the slope, laid out at a given angle from the extreme point of the cornice overhang. Let's analyze one of the illustrative examples of graphical construction to get an idea of the process.

Note important nuance. The described methods calculate the rise of the roof, and not the total height of the ridge. The real value depends on the technology of fastening the top of the rafters. In hanging systems, the height of the ridge remains unchanged. Similarly, in layered versions, if the top of the rafter does not protrude above the line of the ridge run.

If the tops of the rafter legs rise above the run, then 2/3 of the thickness of the board or timber used in the construction of the rafter system should be added to the roof rise. It is believed that the depth of the cut reduces the thickness of the material by a third.

The crate built over the rafters and the thickness of the roofing are usually neglected in the calculations. It is practically impossible to avoid slight deviations during the construction of the roof, in fact, 5-7 cm of the roof with the crate have almost no effect on anything.

Practical Calculation Example

Let us analyze the procedure for calculating the height of the ridge using a specific example. This is how North American carpenters specializing in the construction of low-rise buildings calculate the dimensions of a gable roof. frame houses. Fundamentally, the process is no different from the actions of masters in other countries.

In the example, there is a purely technological specificity: the attachment point of the lower heels of the rafter legs to the base is attached with a notch. The rafters rest on a ridge board. If this is not taken into account when drawing up the diagram and performing calculations, the slope will change, which is highly undesirable when choosing the limit value of the slope angle recommended by the coating manufacturer.

At the heart of independent constructions is the same equilateral triangle, divided into two symmetrical halves. We know the width of the span of the house box and the angle of inclination, because it is selected in accordance with the type of roofing.

The algorithm for calculating the height of the ridge is reduced to a number of the following actions:

Let's build a scaled diagram and put on it exact dimensions customizable box. The most convenient and understandable scale is 1: 100, according to which 1 cm displays on a scale of 1 m. If working with such a decrease is uncomfortable, you can choose a smaller or larger scale.
Let's find the middle of the span and draw an axis of symmetry of the roof from the obtained point upwards.
From the corner of the box, we set aside with a protractor the angle of the slope of the projected roof. We draw a slope line according to the marked angle.
The intersection of the axis of symmetry of the roof and the line of the slope of the slopes, i.e. diagonal, will give us the opportunity to estimate at what height the board of the ridge run will be located.
We outline schematically the outline of the ridge run and the support post on which the run will be laid. Their axis of symmetry must coincide with the axis of symmetry of the roof. You just need to set aside half the thickness of the ridge board on both sides of the axis and draw arbitrary lines.
The line of the base of the triangle, the diagonal and the nearby side face of the ridge run, together with the rack, determine the desired triangle, the vertical leg of which is the rise of the roof.
We reduce the rise by 1/3 of the thickness of the board, i.e. to the depth of the cut of the lower node of the rafters.
From the resulting height, we set aside the width of the ridge board and draw the ridge run, then the ridge rack.
On a scale, we draw the rafter leg, not forgetting that it will sink 1/3 of the width due to the cut. To simplify work, we draw a straight line parallel to the diagonal at a distance of 2/3 of the thickness of the rafter board.

Simply put, the height of the ridge is the sum of the rise of the roof and 2/3 of the thickness of the rafter board. In practice, there will still be no impeccable accuracy, but the error can be considered insignificant and quite acceptable according to construction standards wooden structures prescribed in the collection SP 64.13330.2011. Ideally, the processes of compression and crushing should be taken into account wooden parts systems.

Video example of a skate device

The video will acquaint you with the option of building a gable roof ridge, similar to the design described in the example:

A well-designed roof with a properly calculated ridge height will look great. Its components will not create conditions for leakage and premature wear of the structure. It is not difficult to master the calculation methods proposed by us.

The height of the roof affects the appearance of the house, the complexity of assembling the truss frame and technical characteristics. Therefore, it is important to pay special attention to sizing and only then purchase material. In order to make calculations, it is not necessary to contact specialized organizations. In the article we will discuss how to correctly calculate the height of the roof, as well as what affects it.

What affects the height of a skate?

A ridge is a horizontal edge connecting the tops of two roof slopes. Overestimation and underestimation of the height negatively affects the operation of the roof, spoils the appearance of the building. Therefore, when calculating, it is not enough to be guided only by your own taste. Before calculating the height of the skate, it is important to pay attention to various technical conditions.

According to geometry, one of the slopes will be the hypotenuse, and the distance from the ridge to the base will be the leg.

type of roofing;
attic room;
atmospheric phenomena.

Now let's go over each item in more detail.

Roofing

For different materials have their own requirements for the steepness of the slope. The calculation of the height of the gable roof ridge will depend on this indicator. There is general principles choice of material depending on the angle of the slope:

For small piece elements, the slope of the slope should be greater than for long sheet materials. This is due to the fact that when moisture accumulates in the joints, leaks may appear. Therefore, ridges for a slate roof are higher than ridges for a metal roof. The fact is that the length of the wave slate is only 1.75 m, and the metal roofing material can occupy the entire length of the slope.
The height of the ridge roof also affects the number of joints. With an underestimation of the angle, the number of joints and overlaps should also decrease. Therefore, large-sheet and roll materials are considered the most reliable options.
Heavy roofing elements are placed on steep slopes. Roofs made of slate and ceramic tiles have a large mass, so they make a steep slope. So, they do not bend the rafter beams.

The dimensions of the slopes relative to the width of the house will change along with the height of the ridge.

Attic space

There are two types of houses: with and without an attic. Each option has its own conditions for calculating the height of the ridge. If the attic is residential, then 30-40 cm is added to the height of the tallest owner. But it is better to think about the guests by making the ceiling at a height of 2.4 meters. But it is important to remember that this is only the ceiling, not the height of the roof. Here you will need to add another half a meter or more, depending on preferences.

Non-attic structures are popular in the construction of garages, warehouses and other small residential buildings. Usually they do not provide for an attic floor, thereby saving material and time.

atmospheric phenomena

Climatic conditions directly affect the height of the ridge. Therefore, in different cities there is a "golden" slope slope. Atmospheric factors include the following:

Precipitation. The more snow it rains in your area, the more slope you need to do. Accordingly, the height of the roof also increases. If this condition is neglected, then the likelihood of leaks increases.
Wind. For areas with medium and low winds, there is no difference in the height of the ridge. But so, where strong, gusty winds often blow, usually the roof slope does not exceed 10 °. This imposes certain restrictions on the materials used. Without taking into account the strength of the wind, you risk losing the entire roof structure.
The amount of snow. There is a relationship between the steepness of the slope and the amount of snow. The more it falls in winter, the greater the angle you need to make. The reason is the increased load on the truss system. It is recommended to give preference to slopes with a slope of more than 45 °.

Ways to calculate the height of the ridge

The calculation of the height of the roof largely depends on your preferences. There are two main ways:

mathematical;
graphic.

Consider the calculation for real example. Suppose that our building has dimensions of 7x10 meters. At the same time, we are in an area with medium winds, and we use metal tiles as roofing. We do not plan to equip the attic, but we will take the slope equal to 20 ° so that rainwater drains without problems.

The resulting result will be approximate, you also need to add 2/3 of the thickness of the rafter leg to it. Small deviations are acceptable and do not critically affect the operation of the roof. These errors are made up of the need to make ventilation under the metal tile and battens.

Properly selected and mounted roof will withstand any weather vagaries and will last for decades. What will be the roof country house, and what materials it will consist of, is determined at the design stage. It is better to entrust the technical nuances of design to professionals. Before making the final choice, the future owner needs to get an idea about the features of various types of roofs and (not least) about the amount that the chosen design and roofing material will cost. At this stage, a roofing calculator will help to calculate the material for a gable roof, or any other, fast way get a detailed answer.

The calculator will help you estimate the cost of a roof on early stages planning Source colourbox.com

Online roof calculator

To find out approximate cost roofs, various types, use the following calculator:

Calculation parameters for roofs and roofing material

Before calculating the roof of the house, the calculator will request certain data. One of them is the type of roof. There are two criteria by which you can determine the type of roof: the angle of the roof and the number of slopes (planes). If the angle of inclination of the roof is zero, the roof is called flat, if it is greater than zero - pitched. Pitched structures, in turn, are divided into types, depending on the number of slopes. In private low-rise construction, several types of roofs are common, including:

Shed. It looks rather modest, but the simplest constructively and the least expensive in construction. It is a plane supported by walls of different heights. shed roof can be seen on the garage, shed or modern project in high-tech style. Such constructions are described by a small number of parameters and are calculated for all online calculator Oh.

Common forms of pitched structures Source remokna.in.ua

Gable (gable). The most common classic version with two rectangular inclined planes connected by a ridge, and a centuries-old history. The vertical triangular planes between the slopes are called gables (tongs). In modern private construction, the symmetry of the slopes is an optional condition. They can have a different slope and vary in size (broken lines), which opens up great opportunities in the design of roof structures. Double roof - perfect option for the device attic. For calculations on the online calculator, parameters such as the length and width of the slopes, the length of the overhangs and the height of the structure are used.

Hip (four-slope). The main slopes are called hips and look like trapeziums, and the pediments are located not vertically, but at an angle, turning into slopes. The hip system is much more difficult to design and install than the previous ones, but this is offset by increased structural stability. In addition, the hip roof allows you to raise the ceiling for the attic, making it much more comfortable. The calculation of the hip roof on the online calculator has certain subtleties (the base can be square or rectangular) and includes the angle of inclination of the slopes.

Multi-forceps. A complex structure consisting of several tongs (gable elements). The calculation of such a roof is a job for an experienced architect. There are online calculators that calculate the roof area of a three-gable roof, but they give a very approximate calculation result.

The complexity of the rafter system of a multi-gable roof excludes independent planning. Source yandex.ru

Attic. The slope consists of two elements: the lower, steeper, and the upper, gentle. This design allows you to increase the useful area of \u200b\u200bthe room, but in order to calculate it on an online calculator, you will need at least a preliminary drawing and understanding of the structure of the truss system.

Types of roofing materials

The issue of roofing material is also decided at the design stage. His choice is influenced not only by the preferences of the designer, but also by more real factors, including the amount of precipitation and the strength of the wind in the region. The online calculator makes it possible to find out not only the quantity, but also the cost of the selected material. A roof calculator is usually set up to calculate the following materials:

Decking.

metal tile.

Soft (roll) roof.

Rebate coating(steel, aluminum or copper).

Roof tiles. Ceramic (piece), flexible (soft), cement-sand, composite.

Slate(mainly for outbuildings).

Calculator for calculating metal tiles (works with several types of roofs) Source amvita.ru

The main elements of the roof structure

Roof country cottage is not only a decorative detail and business card structures, but complex engineering system. It includes a variety of building details, the main of which are the following:

Mauerlat. A beam that fits over load-bearing walls. It is a support for the truss system and transfers the load from the roof to the building.

rafters. Bars or boards located at an angle, the basis of the system. The online calculator allows you to calculate some parameters of the truss system.

Auxiliary elements. Racks, beams, girders and puffs serve to fix the rafters and strengthen the structure.

Skate. The upper edge of the roof, the intersection of the slopes.

crate. Lattice structure on which the roofing material is attached. For some types of roofing, continuous flooring is required. The lathing parameters on the online calculator are calculated quite well, especially for a roof of a simple design.

Main structural elements truss system Source kafmt.ru

On our site you can find contacts of construction companies that offer the service of designing country houses. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

What is calculated on the online calculator: types and possibilities

Even with ready-made drawings in hand, the future owner will not always find time for their careful study and painstaking calculations on paper. Among all the ways to solve the question of how to calculate the roof of a house, an online calculator will become the best option. There are two types of calculators that perform a certain type of calculation:

Standard Roof Calculator

The most common type, which allows you to get the basic parameters, from the angle of inclination of the rafters to the permissible load on the roof. In the calculation of roofing material, as a rule, there are all popular options (all kinds of tiles, slate, ondulin and other materials). Widely presented are calculators for calculating a single and gable and hip roof; there are services for calculating a hipped roof or attic. The online gable or shed roof calculator is designed for simple tasks; more advanced calculation programs must be downloaded and installed on your computer.

Fragment of an online hip roof calculator Source citymang.ru

Construction Calculator

For calculations, complex calculation algorithms are used, as a result, you can get not only tables of numbers, but also a set of detailed drawings, as well as 3D visualization. V construction calculator, as a rule, you can calculate the roof of any type. In addition to the main parameters, you can find out how much lumber is needed, choose the best insulation and vapor barrier. The drawings will show the layout of the truss system and the battens and will allow you to control the correct angle of inclination and the location of the rafters.

The device of an online calculator for calculating a gable roof

The gable roof truss calculator is an easy-to-use tool that allows you to perform basic structural calculations. The interface of any service has a convenient and intuitive look and looks like a set of empty fields with explanations. For the convenience of visitors, schematic images are placed next to the page. various types roofs with the parameters applied to them.

Before starting calculations, you should familiarize yourself with the designation of the fields. Source stankotec.ru

The user needs to enter the desired value (size) in each field or select an option from the available ones. When filling out, you should pay attention to the dimension - parameters can be entered in cm or mm. After filling in the fields, you press the calculation key and get the desired result in the form of the following data:

Number of roofing materials. The calculator will allow you to calculate the amount of metal tiles (or other material) for a country house with a gable, hip or other roof.

Calculation of the truss system and roof gable. According to the given wall width and height to the ridge, the service will help determine the length of the rafters and the area of the roof gable.

To calculate the material for the roof of the house, the "gable" program will require you to enter the following values:

Roof dimensions. There are separate fields for entering height, width (on each side) and overhang.

Rafter dimensions. Sets the width and thickness, as well as the distance between the rafters and the distance to the edge of the roof.

Video description

About the calculation of the roof on the construction calculator in the following video:

Lathing parameters. Enter the width and thickness of the boards, the distance between them.

Roofing material parameters. If a roofing sheet is selected, set the height, width and overlap of the sheet.

The result of the calculation will be the following parameters:

Roof size. The height and width of the canvas, the total area.

rafters. Number and length of rafters. The volume is also calculated required material(in cubic meters).

crate. The calculation shows the number of rows of boards, the length of each part and the volume of the boards of the crate.

Roofing material. The area of \u200b\u200bhydro and vapor barrier is calculated. So, if roofing material or glassine is chosen as the roofing material, the calculator shows the required number of rolls (based on the size of the roll), taking into account the overlap.

roofing material. The calculator determines not only the coverage area, but also the weight and the required amount of the selected material.

Calculator for calculating the main elements of a gable roof Source stankotec.ru

Calculation of additional parameters

Many online services calculate additional, no less useful values:

Roof slope. The calculator will determine not only the optimal angle value, but also tell you if it is suitable for the selected roofing material. By changing the height of the lift or the width of the base, it is possible to achieve full compliance with the angle of the material.

Calculation of wind and snow load. For some areas, this load may be the determining factor for choosing the type of roof. You will need to enter additional information into the calculator: construction region, type of terrain, height to the ridge of the building, type of wood for the rafters.

Chimney calculation. For safe operation, it is necessary to determine the height of the chimney relative to the roof ridge. Incorrect design can affect the stable operation of heaters and lead to unplanned financial expenses (if rework is required).

When calculating the chimney, the presence of obstacles near housing is taken into account Source stroim-dom.radiomoon.ru

Limitations in using the online calculator

Roofing calculators offered by Internet resources are an affordable and very fast way to get necessary information. But like any mechanisms designed for the mass user, such calculators tend to use generalized methods of calculation. Worst of all, the calculation process is hidden from the person who turned to the calculator; it is very difficult to double-check the output information.

The calculator for calculating the roof of a house may contain some (permissible) parameter variations, which, nevertheless, will affect the final result. Among the possible results, which may contain inaccurate (approximate) values, there are:

Determining the total amount of roofing material

The building material is never butt-to-joint, so the surface area of the roof and the area of coverage will always be different. When calculating, the roofing area is standardly increased by 15% - this provides a margin for overlap formation.

Video description

About calculating a gable roof with a free calculator in the following video:

If the roof has a complex structure, the calculation also becomes more complicated, since an experienced designer simultaneously solves the additional problem of minimizing waste. For such purposes, different algorithms are used (with different cumulative errors and with different results), which one is embedded in the calculator is known only to its developers.

It is believed that the calculator helps to save on the purchase of building materials. But when installing the roof complex shape in this case, it often turns out that extra (often expensive) materials were purchased. The reverse situation, when there is not enough material and you have to pay for an unplanned purchase and delivery, is no less annoying.

Determination of the slope for the roof

Building codes prescribe minimum slope ratings for each roofing material. They are calculated taking into account the slope of the roof and additional indicators (wind and snow load). Specialists perform calculations in accordance with the norms of SNiP "Loads and Impacts" and additional design standards. It is not possible to check what indicators the roofing calculator uses in its work.

Some calculators take into account additional parameters (the presence skylights and drainage systems) Source stankotec.ru

Roof calculation: how to avoid mistakes

Calculations can be done in one of the following ways:

Calculate the roof manually. If you have basic knowledge of geometry, you can make preliminary calculations manually. To do this, it is enough to stock up on paper, a pencil, an ordinary calculator, and remember that any roof is a set of simple shapes (rectangles and triangles), the calculation of the area of \u200b\u200bwhich is described by the simplest formulas from the school course. The method does not work well if the calculations become more complicated. They take a lot of time and increase the risk of error.

Calculation of the roof to carry out in online service . It should be borne in mind that the values are always averaged; your planned home may require a custom solution.

Check the calculation of the roof with a calculator manually. Online roofing calculators are a convenient way to model a roof structure and find out the required amount of building materials. The calculation of simple structures is easy enough to check, but if you do not have a specialized education, confusion with coefficients and percentages is inevitable. Differing results will cause lengthy rechecks and error checking, as well as distrust of the calculator's abilities (or your own).

Checking the results of the calculation will require time and care. Source transsib6.ru

Professional calculation of the roof. For preliminary calculations in order to determine the materials and construction of the roof, this method is clearly not suitable. But when ordering a turnkey house, construction company prepare a full-fledged project, which will indicate all the calculations for the calculations and estimates. In addition, specialists can make preliminary calculations for you even at the stage of discussing the project.

Conclusion

An online roofing calculator is considered to be a good tool for determining the main parameters of a future roof. But professional builders recommend using it only for a rough estimate of the quantity and cost of building materials. Also, the calculator can become an indispensable tool for comparing the costs of various technologies.

The erection of a roof is one of the most important construction processes, the quality of which directly affects performance characteristics the roof itself and the entire building. Construction should begin with the calculation and design of the roof structure on paper. One of the most important data for the calculation is the height of the ridge, in connection with which the slope angles of the slopes, the type of roof and the number building materials. We will figure out how to independently calculate the height of the roof of different structural types.

In this article

Preparation for calculations

Creating a roof plan and calculating a number of its parameters is important for subsequent installation. Advance billing helps:

Calculate in advance the amount of necessary building materials and not miscalculate when buying them up or down.
Even at the design stage, think over and distribute various systems, such as gutter, snow-retaining, etc., and determine their place in the future project.

the size of the house;
plans for the use of under-roof space;
the planned shape of the roof and the number of its slopes;
slope angle;
load on the roof structure: wind, snow, etc.;
type of roofing.

In this article, we will look at how to correctly calculate the height for the three most common roof structures.

Calculating the height of a gable roof

A gable type of roof is easy to design and build. The design of this type implies the presence of two planes that stand on opposite load-bearing walls and, closing on the ridge, form a triangle with equal sides.

The calculation of the height of the ridge of a gable roof is directly dependent on the angle of inclination of the slopes.

The choice of the slope of the roof slopes should not be arbitrary. Its value depends on wind and snow loads, the rules for determining which are regulated by SNiP. The recommended slope for the regions of central Russia is 30-45°. Also, the choice of the slope of the roof slopes is influenced by the selected roofing material.

Having decided on the slope of the slopes, you can calculate the height of the roof of the house. Its value is calculated by the well-known geometric formula:

a = b * tg

where a is the desired value, b is the value of half the width of the house, tg α is the tangent of the selected angle, which can be found in a specialized table.

With a slope of 45 °, the elevation of the ridge beam will correspond to the width of the house.

Calculation of a four-slope structure

A roof with four slopes is the most resistant to wind load. There are two types of pitched roofs:

Hipped - all slopes converge at a single point at the top of the structure.
The hip has two triangular and two trapezoidal slopes, the latter are connected at the top with a ridge beam.

It is possible to calculate the height of the ridge for both types of roof using the formula used for the gable structure. However, for a more thorough calculation and compilation detailed diagram it is also necessary to calculate the length of the rafters, and for a hip roof - the length of the ridge beam.

The calculation of the rise of the ridge is most often associated with the desire to equip a living room under it. For these types of hipped roofs, the elevation of the structure to create a living space must be at least 2.5 m.

Mansard roof design

The mansard or broken roof also has two slopes, a feature of which is a characteristic break. It allows you to increase the space under the roof and makes the broken structure one of the most suitable for creating an attic.

The calculation of the height of a broken type roof begins with the calculation of the angles of inclination of all pitched roof surfaces. Construction experts recommend determining the angles of inclination of the attic structure by a practical method, using the golden section rule. To do this, you need to write a sketch of the future roof in a circle on paper. This method will avoid such design flaws, in which the broken structure does not look aesthetically pleasing.

Design and calculations are important and fundamental steps in creating a roof. Their competent and correct implementation is the key to the construction of a reliable and aesthetically attractive roof that will last for many years.

What is the height of the roof ridge. Calculation of a gable roof

Types of ridge construction

How to calculate the height of the ridge of a gable roof

The height of the chimney relative to the roof ridge SNiP

How to DIY

How to fix the ridge on the roof: from corrugated board, on slate

What affects the height of a skate?

Roofing

Attic space

atmospheric phenomena

Ways to calculate the height of the ridge

What determines the height of the structure and what is taken into account when performing pre-assembly calculations

What are the common types of modern roof structures

Skate and determination of rational slope angles

Examples of calculations that are easy to do on your own

Where to go for help: online resource and consultants

Skate height selection

Calculation example

Parameters affecting the height of the roof

Determine the height of the skate

The first way is mathematical

Method two - graphic

What affects the height of a skate?

Roofing

Attic space

atmospheric phenomena

Ways to calculate the height of the ridge

Online roof calculator

Calculation parameters for roofs and roofing material

Types of roofing materials

The main elements of the roof structure

What is calculated on the online calculator: types and possibilities

Standard Roof Calculator

Construction Calculator

The device of an online calculator for calculating a gable roof

Video description

Calculation of additional parameters

Limitations in using the online calculator

Determining the total amount of roofing material

Video description

Determination of the slope for the roof

Roof calculation: how to avoid mistakes

Conclusion

Preparation for calculations

Calculating the height of a gable roof

Calculation of a four-slope structure

Mansard roof design